Ta xác định được việc “gặp cô ấy” đã bắt đầu trong quá khứ nhưng không rõ là bao giờ, và biết được kết quả là đến hiện tại là “gặp được vài lần rồi”. Vì vậy ta sử dụng thì hiện tại hoà[r]
Trang 1THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
Full name : ……… Class : ………
THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
(The present perfect tense)
*Cách thành lập:
(+) S + have/has + V_ed/p2 + A/C/O
(-) S + have/has + not+ V_ed/p2 + A/C/O
(?) Have/Has +S +V_ed/p2 + A/C/O?
Yes, S + have/has
No, S + have/has + not.
Ví dụ:
*Miss Thuan has been a teacher for 20 years
*I have just finished my English test
*Have you ever visited Bac Giang Province? Yes, I have
I- CẤU TRÚC THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
- S = I/ We/ You/ They + have
- S = He/ She/ It + has
Trang 2THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
2 Phủ định:
S + haven’t / hasn’t + Ved/pII
Câu phủ định trong thì hiện tại hoàn thành ta chỉ cần thêm “not” vào sau “have/ has”
CHÚ Ý:
- haven’t = have not; - hasn’t = has not
Ví dụ:
- We haven’t met each other for a long time (Chúng tôi không gặp nhau trong một
thời gian dài rồi.)
- He hasn’t come back his hometown since 1991 (Anh ấy không quay trở lại quê
hương của mình từ năm 1991.)
3 Câu hỏi:
Have/ Has + S + Ved/pII ? Trả lời: Yes, I/ we/ you/ they + have -Yes, he/ she/ it + has
No, I/ we/ you/ they + haven't - No, he/ she/ it + hasn't
Câu hỏi trong thì hiện tại hoàn thành ta chỉ cần đảo trợ động từ “have/ has” lên trước chủ ngữ, động từ theo sau ở dạng phân từ II
Ví dụ:
- Have you ever travelled to America? (Bạn đã từng du lịch tới Mỹ bao giờ chưa?)
Yes, I have./ No, I haven't
- Has she arrived London yet? (Cô ấy đã tới Luân Đôn chưa?)
Yes, she has./ No, she hasn't
II- CÁCH SỬ DỤNG CỦA THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
1 Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ, kéo dài đến hiện tại và có thể tiếp tục xảy ra trong tương lai
Ví dụ:
Trang 3THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
- I have worked for this company since 2010 (Tôi đã làm việc cho công ty này từ
năm 2010)
Ta thấy sự việc “làm việc cho công ty này” bắt đầu từ năm 2010 là thời gian trong quá khứ kéo dài đến hiện tại (đến nay vẫn đang làm việc ở đây) và còn có thể tiếp tục trong tương lai
- She has taught English for 2 years (Cô ấy đã dạy tiếng Anh được 2 năm rồi.)
Ta thấy việc “dạy tiếng Anh” đã bắt đầu cách đây 2 năm, vẫn tiếp tục đến hiện tại và còn có thể tiếp tục trong tương lai
2 Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng không xác định, và
muốn nhấn mạnh vào kết quả
Ví dụ:
- I have met her several times (Tôi gặp cô ấy vài lần rồi.)
Ta xác định được việc “gặp cô ấy” đã bắt đầu trong quá khứ nhưng không rõ là bao giờ,
và biết được kết quả là đến hiện tại là “gặp được vài lần rồi” Vì vậy ta sử dụng thì hiện tại hoàn thành
- She has written three letters for her friend (Cô ấy đã viết được 3 lá thư cho bạn của
mình.)
Ta thấy việc “viết thư” bắt đầu trong quá khứ không rõ là khi nào nhưng kết quả là
“viết được 3 lá thư” rồi nên ta sử dụng thì hiện tại hoàn thành để nói
III- CÁCH THÀNH LẬP ĐỘNG TỪ PHÂN TỪ II TRONG THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN
THÀNH
1 Động từ theo quy tắc ta thêm “ed” vào sau động từ
Ví dụ: wach – watched stop – stopped
* Những chú ý khi thêm “ed” vào sau động từ:
- Thông thường ta thêm “ed” vào sau động từ
Trang 4THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
- Ví du: watch – watched turn – turned want – wanted
* Chú ý khi thêm đuôi “-ed” vào sau động từ
+ Động từ tận cùng là “e” -> ta chỉ cần cộng thêm “d”
Ví dụ: type – typed smile – smiled agree – agreed
+ Động từ có MỘT âm tiết, tận cùng là MỘT phụ âm, trước phụ âm là MỘT nguyên âm -> ta nhân đôi phụ âm cuối rồi thêm “-ed”.
Ví dụ: stop – stopped shop – shopped tap – tapped
NGOẠI LỆ: commit – committed travel – travelled prefer - preferred + Động từ tận cùng là “y”:
- Nếu trước “y” là MỘT nguyên âm (a,e,i,o,u) ta cộng thêm “ed”.
Ví dụ: play – played stay - stayed
- Nếu trước “y” là phụ âm (còn lại ) ta đổi “y” thành “i + ed”.
Ví dụ: study – studied cry – cried
2 Động từ bất quy tắc
Một số động từ bất quy tắc ta không thêm đuôi “ed” vào sau động từ (ta có thể học thuộc trong bảng động từ bất quy tắc cột 3
Ví dụ: go – gone see – seen buy - bought
IV- DẤU HIỆU NHẬN BIẾT THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
Trong câu có các trạng từ:
- already (đã ) - never (chưa bao giờ) - ever (đã từng)
- yet (chưa) - just (vừa mới) - so far (cho đến bây giờ)
- recently (gần đây) - lately (gần đây)
- up to now, up to present, up to this moment: Cho tới tận bây giờ
- in/ for/ during/ over + the past/ last + thời gian: trong … qua
Ví dụ: During the past 2 years: trong 2 năm qua
Trang 5THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
- Since + mốc thời gian: từ, kể từ … (since 2000: kể từ năm 2000)
Nếu sau “since” là một mệnh đề thì mệnh đề trước since chia thì hiện tại hoàn thành còn mệnh đề sau since chia thì quá khứ đơn
Ví dụ: I have studied English since I was a child (Tôi học tiếng Anh kể từ khi tôi còn nhỏ.)
- for + khoảng thời gian: được, trong vòng … (for 2 months: trong vòng 2 tháng)
- It is/ This is + the + số thứ tự (first, second, …) + time + mệnh đề chia thì hiện tại hoàn thành: Đó/ Đây là lần thứ …
* Vị trí của các trạng từ trong thì hiện tại hoàn thành:
- already, never, ever,just: sau “have/ has” và đứng trước động từ phân từ II
- already: cũng có thể đứng cuối câu
Ví du: I have just come back home (Tôi vừa mới về nhà.)
- Yet: đứng cuối câu, và thường được sử dụng trong câu phủ định và nghi vấn
Ví dụ: She hasn’t told me about you yet (Cô ấy vẫn chưa kể với tôi về bạn.)
- so far, recently, lately, up to present, up to this moment, in/ for/ during/ over + the past/ last + thời gian: Có thể đứng đầu hoặc cuối câu
Ví dụ: I have seen this film recently (Tôi xem bộ phim này gần đây.)
A So sánh When ? (+ Quá khứ đơn) và How long ? (+ hiện tại hoàn thành)
Chúng ta xét các ví dụ sau:
- A: When did it start raining? Trời đã mưa từ khi nào vậy?
B: It started raining an hour ago / at 1 o 'clock.Trời bắt đầu mưa cách đây một giờ/
lúc 1h
- A: How long has it been raining? Trời đã mưa lâu chưa?
B: It' s been raining for an hour / since 1 o 'clock Trời đã mưa được một giờ rồi/từ
lúc 1h
Trang 6THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
- A: When did Joe and Carol first meet? Joe và Carol gặp nhau lần đầu khi nào?
B: They first met a long time ago / when they were at school
Họ gặp nhau lần đầu lâu rồi/ khi họ còn đi học
- A: How long have Joe and Carol known each other?
Joe và Carol biết nhau bao lâu rồi?
B: They' ve known each other for a long time / since they were at school
Họ biết nhau từ lâu rồi/ từ khi họ còn đi học
B Cách sử dụng for và since
Chúng ta sử dụng cả for và since để nói rằng một sự việc xảy ra trong bao lâu
Chúng ta sử dụng for khi nói về một khoảng thời gian (ví dụ như two hours, six weeks, )
- I've been waiting for two hours
Tôi đã chờ hai tiếng đồng hồ rồi
- Sally's been working here for six months (không nói "since six months")
Sally đã làm việc ở đây được 6 tháng
Chúng ta sử dụng since khi đề cập tới sự bắt đầu của một khoảng thời gian nào đó (ví
dụ như 8 o'clock, Monday, 1995, )
- I've been waiting since 8 o'clock
Tôi đã chờ từ 8h
- Sally's been working here since April (= bắt đầu từ tháng Tư cho tới giờ)
Sally đã làm việc ở đây từ tháng Tư
Chúng ta cũng có thể sử dụng for trong câu khẳng định (nhưng trong câu phủ định là
bắt buộc)
Trang 7THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
- They've been maried (for) ten years (có sử dụng for hay không cũng được)
Họ đã cưới nhau được 10 năm rồi
- They haven't had holiday for ten years (bạn phải sử dụng for trong câu này) Mười năm qua họ chưa đi nghỉ lần nào
Chúng ta không sử dụng for + all (all day, all my life, )
- I've lived here all my life (không nói "for all my life")
Tôi đã sống ở đây cả đời tôi
C Cấu trúc It's (a long time/ two years ) since something happened
- It's two years since I last saw Joe (= I haven't seen for two years = Tôi đã không gặp Joe hai năm rồi/Lần cuối tôi gặp Joe cách đây đã hai năm)
Đã hai năm rồi từ khi tôi gặp Joe lần cuối
- It's ages since we went to cinema (= We haven't been to cinema for ages = Chúng tôi đã không đi xem phim nhiều năm rồi)
Đã nhiều năm rồi chúng tôi không đi xem phim
Thể nghi vấn cho cấu trúc trên là: How long is it since ?
- How long is it since you last saw Joe ?
= When did you last see Joe?
Bạn đã gặp Joe lần cuối khi nào?
- How long is it since Mrs Hill die?
= When did Mrs Hill die?
Bà Hill mất năm nào?
Trang 8THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
V- BÀI TẬP THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
Bài 1: Dùng 'since' hoặc 'for' để hoàn thành câu trả lời
1 How long have you lived in the United States? - I have lived in the United States
…… one year
2 How long has Mary been a nurse? - She has been a nurse ………… April
3 How long has Karen known Tom? - She has known Tom …… 1979
4 How long have they studied English? - They have studied English …… a few months
5 How long has Karen played tennis? - She has played tennis ……… a long time
6 How long has he worn glasses? - He has worn glasses 1975
7 How long has Emily played the piano? - She has played the piano ……… high school
8 How long will you be on vacation? - I will be on vacation………… three weeks
9 How long have you driven a car? - I have driven a car ………….my birthday
10 How long has Ron had his new computer? - He has had his new computer ……… last month
11 How long has she owned the book shop? - She has owned the book shop ……… ten years
12 How long has Gary played football? - He has played football ………… several years
13 How long have your friends been in town? - They have been in town ……… Monday
14 How long has Mrs Smith lived on Clark Street? - She has lived on Clark Street
…… many years
15 How long has the post office been closed? - It has been closed ……… five o'clock
Bài 2:Write “for” or “since”:
1 It's been raining since lunchtime
2 Sarah has lived in Paris ……… 1995
3 Paul has lived in London ……… ten years
4 I'm tired of waiting We've been sitting here ……… an hour
5 Kevin has been looking for a job ……… he left school
6 I haven't been to a party ages
7 I wonder where Joe is I haven't seen him ………… last week
8 Jane is away She's been away ……… Friday
9 The weather is dry It hasn't rained a few weeks
Bài 3: Write questions with how long and when
Trang 9THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
1 It's raining
(how long) How long has it been raining?
(when) When did it start raining?
2 Kate is learning Japanese
(how long/learn) (when/start)
Bài 4: Read the situations and complete the sentences
1 It is raining It's been raining since lunchtime
=>It started
raining at lunchtime
2 Ann and Sue are friends.They first met years ago
They've known each other for years
4 Joe is ill He became ill a few days ago
He has a few days
5 Liz is married She's been married for a year
She got
6 You have a headache It started when you woke up
I've I woke up
7 Sue has been in Italy for the last three weeks
She went
8 You've working in a hotel You started sis months ago
I've
Bài 5: Write B's sentences using the words in brackets
1 A: Do you often go on holiday?
B: (no/five years) No, I haven't had a holiday for five years
2 A: Do you often see Sarah?
B: (no/about a month) No,
3 A :Do you often go to the cinema?
Trang 10THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
B: (no/a long time)
4 A: Do you often eat in restaurants? B: (no/ages) No, I
Now write B's answers again This time use It's since ………
5(1) No, it's five years since had a holiday 6(2) No,
7(3)
8(4) No, it's
Bài 6: Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc: 1 She already ( watch) this movie 2 He (write) his report yet?
3 We (travel) to New York lately .
4 They (not give) his decision yet .
5 Tracy ( not see) her friend for 2 years .
6 I (be) to London three times .
7 It (rain) since I stopped my work .
8 This is the second time I (meet) him .
9 They (walk) for more than 2 hours .
10 You (get) married yet?
Bài 7: Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không đổi sử dụng từ gợi ý trong ngoặc: 1 She started to live in Hanoi 2 years ago (for) -> ………
2 He began to study English when he was young (since) -> ………
Trang 11THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
3 I have never eaten this kind of food before (This is)
see) him for a long time (be / you) at school? School (not /
start) yet (speak / he) to his boss? No, he (have / not) the time yet
9
1) I my Maths homework yesterday (to do) 2) Susan to England by plane? (to go) 3) They .a farm two weeks ago (to visit)
4) Jenny and Peggy their brother (not/to help)
5) The children at home last weekend (not/to be) 6) When .you this wonderful skirt? (to design) 7) My mother into the van (not/to crash)
8) The boys the mudguards of their bicycles (to take off
9) you your aunt last week? (to phone)
10) He .milk at school (not/to drink)
11) The police two people early this morning (to arrest)
12) She to Japan but now she back (to go - to come)
Trang 12THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
13) Dan two tablets this year (already/to buy)
14) How many games so far this season? (your team/to win) 15) the CN Tower when you in Toronto? (you/to visit - to stay)
16) your homework yet? – Yes, I it an hour ago (you/to do - to finish)
17) There an accident in High Street, so we have to use King Street to get to your school (to be)
18) I Peter since I last Tuesday (not/to see - to arrive) 19) Frank his bike last May So he it for 4 months (to get - to have)
20) I'm sorry, I .earlier, but I . a lot lately (not/to write - to work)
21) Peter football yesterday.(play)
22) They the car It looks new again (repaint)
23) Last year we to Italy.(go)
24) John and Peggy reading the book Now they can watch the film.(finish)
25) I my friend two days ago (meet)
26) We another country before (visit)
27) She a new car in 2011 (buy)
28) I'm sorry, but I my homework (not/ do)
29) the game of chess? (play)
30) The girls their lunch yet.(have)
31) I my keys, so I can't open that door (to lose)
32) Columbus in the New World in 1492 (to arrive)
Trang 13THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
33) Nina her leg She is still in hospital (to break)
34) He here all his life (to live)
35) Colin for Brazil this morning (to leave)
36) Last winter Robin with his father in the Alps for three days (to stay)
37) Ellen with her left hand (always/to write)
38) She a language course in Paris last summer (to do)
39) anyone yet? (to phone)
40) I Paul today, but I him last Sunday 41) They all the new words They needn't worry about the test (to learn)
42) Three people him in hospital last Friday (to visit)
43) Martin for 50 miles on scenic routes three weeks ago (to cycle)
44) We chicken Tandoori before (never/to try)
45) a job yet? (you/to find)
46) Emily and Molly each other for more than 10 years now (to know)
47) First he to the announcement, then he to a café for a drink (to listen -
to go) 48) She late four times this week (to be )
49) What's that lovely smell in here? - Jasmin a yummy cake (to bake) 50) The Titanic an iceberg in 1912 and within
Bài 10: Hoàn thành các động từ trong ngoặc với thì hiện tại hoàn thành
1 I have not worked today
2 We (buy) a new lamp
3 We (not / plan) our holiday yet
4 Where (be / you) ?
5 He (write) five letters
6 She (not / see) him for a long time
7 (be / you) at school?
8 School (not / start) yet
9 (speak / he) to his boss?
Trang 14THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
10 No, he (have / not) the time yet
Bài 11: Hoàn thành các câu sau với thì Quá khứ đơn
1) I my Maths homework yesterday (to do)
2) Susan to England by plane? (to go)
3) They a farm two weeks ago (to visit)
4) Jenny and Peggy their brother (not/to help)
5) The children at home last weekend (not/to be) 6) When you this wonderful skirt? (to design)
7) My mother into the van (not/to crash)
8) The boys the mudguards of their bicycles (to take off) 9) you your aunt last week? (to phone)
10) He milk at school (not/to drink)
**Lưu ý: Trong các đề thi thì 2 thì quá khứ đơn và hiện tại hoàn thành thường được cho khá nhiều vì 2 thì này rất dễ bị nhầm lẫn, thường phải phân biệt thông qua thời gian của câu
Hiện tại hoàn thành: already, not yet,
just, ever, never, since, for, recenthy,
No, S + have/has + not
Quá khứ đơn: yesterday, yesterday
morning, last week, las month, last year, last night…
a)Đối với động từ “TO E”:
(+) S + was/ were + A/C(bổ ngữ) (-) S + was/ were + not + A/C (?)Was/ Were +S + A/C?
Yes, S + was/ were
No, S + was/ were + not
b)Đối với động từ thường (V):
(+) S + V_ed/p1 + A/C/O (-) S + did + not + V + A/C/O (?) Did +S + V + A/C/O?
Yes, S + did
Trang 15THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
No, S + did + not
Bài tập 12: Hoàn thành các bài tập và các câu sau với thì hiện tại hoàn thành
và quá khứ đơn
1) The police two people early this morning (to arrest)
2) She to Japan but now she back (to go - to come)
3) Dan two tablets this year (already/to buy)
4) How many games so far this season? (your team/to win)
5) the CN Tower when you in Toronto? (you/to visit - to stay)
6) your homework yet? – Yes, I it an hour ago (you/to do - to finish) 7) There an accident in High Street, so we have to use King Street to get to your school (to be)
8) I Peter since I last Tuesday (not/to see - to arrive)
9) Frank his bike last May So he it for 4 months (to get - to have)
10) I'm sorry, I earlier, but I a lot lately (not/to write - to work)
Bài tập 13:
1) Peter (play) football yesterday
2) They (just/ wash) the car It looks new
again
3) Last year we (go) to Italy
4) John and Peggy (just/ finish) reading the
book Now they can watch the film
5) I (meet) my friend two days ago
6) We (never/ visit) another country before
7) She (buy) a new car in 2011
8) I'm sorry, but I (do) my homework
9)You (play) the game of chess?
10) The girls (not/ have) their lunch yet
1………
2………
3………
4………
5………
6………
7………
8………
9………
10………
Bài tập 14:
1) I my keys, so I can't open that door (to lose)
Trang 16THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
2) Columbus in the New World in 1492 (to arrive)
3) Nina her leg She is still in hospital (to break)
4) He here all his life (to live)
5) Colin for Brazil this morning (to leave)
6) Last winter Robin with his father in the Alps for three days (to stay)
7) Ellen with her left hand (always/to write)
8) She a language course in Paris last summer (to do)
9) anyone yet? (to phone)
10) I Paul today, but I him last Sunday
Bài tập 15:
1) They all the new words They needn't worry about the test (to learn) 2) Three people him in hospital last Friday (to visit) 3) Martin for 50 miles on scenic routes three weeks ago (to cycle) 4) We chicken Tandoori before (never/to try)
5) a job yet? (you/to find)
6) Emily and Molly each other for more than 10 years now (to know) 7) First he to the announcement, then he to a café for a drink (to listen - to go)
8) She late four times this week (to be)
9) What's that lovely smell in here? - Jasmin a yummy cake (to bake) 10) The Titanic (hit) an iceberg in 1912 and (sink) within three hours
BÀI TẬP SINCE/FOR Bài 1: Điền vào chỗ trống với since/for
1 She's lived here _ 1975
2 He's been in London _ five days
3 They haven't been used _ many years
4 She's been working _ nine this morning
5 I haven't eaten _ hours
6 It has been raining _ ages
Trang 17THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
7 India has been independant _ 1947
8 They have been married _ October
9 How many years is it _ you graduated from junior high school?
10 We have been waiting _ twenty minutes
Bài 2 Điền cụm từ với “for”, “since” hoặc “ago”
1 The phone last rang at four o’clock ~ So you’ve had no calls ……… ?
2 I haven’t been to the dentist for ten years ~ You last went to the dentist
………… ?
3 I last saw Rita on Sunday ~ Haven’t you seen her ?
4 We’ve had six weeks without rain ~ Yes, it hasn’t rained
5 It’s three years since Lisa got married ~ Really? Has she been
married………?
6 It’s eight months since my sister had any work ~ He lost his job ?
7 Mrs rown was taken ill three weeks ago ~ You mean she’s been ill ………, and nobody’s told me!
8 I got here an hour ago ~ What! You mean you’ve been waiting ……… an hour? 9- I have not seen him……… he was 16
10- I've known him ……… ages
11- Things have changed a lot……….our previous meeting
12- It's been raining……….four o'clock
13- I'm sure he's been watching us ……….we came in
14- He'd been here……….over an hour when we arrived
15- I've been trying to fix this computer……….early this morning
16- He hasn't had anything to eat……….nearly a week
17- It's three years……….he started learning German
18- He's been collecting stamps……….the past twenty years
19 Nobody has seen him……….last Friday
20 It has been foggy……….some days
21 He has been fishing……….six o'clock
22 They've been living in France ……….eight years
23 The pilots have been on strike……….two months
24 We've had terrible weather……….Saturday
25 I've known Tom……….1990
26 We have been waiting for the bus……….half an hour
Trang 18THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
27 She hasn't lost a match……….April
28 Things have changed……….she's become headmaster
29 The police have been looking for him……….a month
30 Our dog has been ill……….two days
31 I've been looking for this book……….a long time
32 I've been working……….I got up
33 The kettle has been boiling……….ten minutes
34 They have been living in Madrid ……… 1972
35 He has been in prison……… four years
36 He has known about the fact ……….a long time
37 Conditions have changed a lot ……….we were children
38 Our teacher has been very ill ……….the last month
39 I haven't eaten anything ……….twenty-four hours
40 In fact he is always very rude We have been waiting for him ………… half an hour
41 I haven't seen him for three years It is because I haven't been there………… I left school
42 I have been trying to mend this old fashioned car……… hours
43 One of my friends has been teaching in Tokyo……… three years I haven't met him since last year
44 I haven't enjoyed myself……….two weeks since I heard that my final exam grades were low
45 I know that you have never seen a lion……… you were born Then now I say that
we can go to the zoo and see one
46 The police have been looking for him for two weeks……… he escaped from the prison
47 He hasn't spoken to me even a word ………… the last meeting
48 I haven't phoned him ………a week
49 He has been the principal of our high school ………1988
49 Dean has been learning Japanese ……… two years
50 I have been waiting ………….4 o'clock
51 Sue has only been waiting ……… 20 minutes
52 Tim and Tina have been learning English …………six years
53 Fred and Frida have been learning French ………1998
54 Joe and Josephine have been going out together ……….Valentine's Day
Trang 19THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
55 I haven't been on holiday ……….last July
56 Mary has been saving her money ………….many years
57 I haven't eaten anything ……….breakfast
58 You have been watching TV …………hours
59 We have been living here ………2 months
60 What have you been doing _ we last spoke?
61 What has changed in your life _ you moved here?
62 I have been working full-time _ several weeks now
63 Donald hasn't wanted to talk to me _ our argument
64 Tony Swanson has been with the company _ 25 years
65 The little girl was hungry because she hadn’t eaten anything _ a while
66 Puerto Ricans have been migrating to the United States _ over a century
67 Human beings have sought to know the unimaginable _ the beginning of time
68 It is believed that everything in the universe has existed _ the Big Bang 15 billion years ago
69 Is there a family member who has a talent that has been in your family _ several generations?
70 The weather is dry It hasn't rained……….a few weeks
71 It's been raining……….lunchtime
72 Sarah has lived in Paris……….1995
73 Paul has lived in London……….10 years
74 I'm tired of waiting We've been sitting here……….an hour
75 Kevin has been looking for a job……….he left school
76 I haven't been to a party ……….ages
77 I wonder where Joe is I haven't seen him ……….last week
78 Jane is away She's been away……….Friday
79) We're going to France a month next summer
80) Beckett's Ice Cream Shop has been in business 1942
81) We've lived in this house five years
82) Jim has had a cold _ last Thursday and hasn't been able to go to work
83) No wonder Seth is tired He hasn't slept 24 hours!
84) Monica hasn't heard from her son last Thursday
85) Paul will be studying at Yale _ another semester
Trang 20THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
86) I haven't been to St Petersburg 1995
87) How long are you here ?
88) Meg has worked at IBM ten years
89 I have been working here …………a fortnight
90 He has been ill………… Monday
91 Sarah's father has been a policeman …………20 years
92 David has had a driving licence………… 1980
93 He has been Prime Minister …………six months
94 You've been on the phone …………half an hour
95 They have lived here …………five years
96 He has been unemployed …………April
97 It hasn't snowed …………1993
98 He has smoked a pipe …………20 years
99 The pizza has been in the oven………… 10 minutes
100 I have been waiting for you …………2 hours
101 They haven't seen him……….Monday
102 We haven't met them……….your birthday
103 I haven't heard from them ……….they were here
104 She has been married ……….some years
105 I haven't talked to them……….we last met you
106 He hasn't won any race……….Easter
107 We haven't been to any party……….three months
108 I haven't talked to her……….January
109 They have been living in this house……….many years
110 I haven't received any letters ………I moved to this place
111 She has lived in that city……….at least twenty years
112 ……….2005 she has been attending this school
113 ……….June 1 she has been working here
114 It hasn't rained ……….March
115 ……….Christmas she has been staying in this house
116 I have not seen her………… last summer
117 We have not met …………the end of the war
118 He has been in Paris …………about two weeks
119 The movie has been on …………more than six months
Trang 21THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
120 He has not had an accident …………the day he took out a comprehensive policy
121 I have only had this computer …………3 weeks
122 I have not heard from him …………my birthday
123 He stayed in Europe …………less than a year
124.- We've been waiting for the train _ noon
125 - I haven't seen them _ last week
126 - I've been working here _ the beginning of the year
127 - She's been sick _ over a week
128 - He's been learning English _ a long time
129 - I've been working in this bank _ I graduated university
130 - My daugher has been playing piano _ she was ten years old
131 - You've been studying _ three hours
132 - He's lived in this apartment _ he was a young man
133 - She can run _ two hours without a break
134 - I haven't seen any of them _ I was in the army
135 - The rain lasted _ over five hours
136 - I haven't slept _ hours
137 - _ when have your parents let you borrow their car?
138 - We haven't been to the cinema ages
Bài 3 : Chọn for hoặc since điền vào chỗ trống
1 She has been there (for/since) four days
2 I have known Linda (for/since) two years
3 Jack has stayed here (for/since) Thursday
4 My aunt has lived in Australia (for/since) 15 years
5 We have had a camera (for/since) 1995
6 They have been married (for/since) six months
7 Liz has studied medicine (for/since) a long time
8 It has rained (for/since) an hour
9 Indian has been an independent country (for/since) 1947
10.Mike has been ill (for/since) a long time
BÀI TẬP NÂNG CAO
Trang 22THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
Bài 1: Chia động từ ở thì hiện tại hoàn thành
1 There is no more cheese I (eat)……… it all, I’m afraid
2 The bill isn’t right They (make)………… a mistake
3 Don’t you want to see this programme? It ………….(start)
4 It’ll soon get warm in here I (turn)……… the heating on
5 ………They (pay)…… money for your mother?
6 Someone (take)……… my bicycle
7 Wait for few minutes, please! I (finish)……… my dinner
8 ………You ever (eat)………… Sushi?
9 She (not/come)……… here for a long time
10 I (work………… ) here for three years
11 ………… You ever ………… (be) to New York?
12 You (not/do) ………….yor project yet, I suppose
13 I just (see)……… Andrew and he says he …… already (do)……… about half of the plan
14 I ……… just (decide)……… to start working next week
15 He (be)………… at his computer for seven hours
16 She (not/have) ………any fun a long time
17 My father (not/ play)……… any sport since last year
18 I’d better have a shower I (not/have)……… one since Thursday
19 I don’t live with my family now and we (not/see)………… each other for five years
20 I…… just (realize)………… that there are only four weeks to the end of term
21 The train drivers (go)……… on strike and they stopped working at twelve o’clock
22 How long…… (you/know)……… each other?
23 ……….(You/ take)………… many photographs ?
24 (She/ eat)……… at the Royal Hotel yet ?
Trang 23THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
25 He (live) ………….here all his life
26 Is this the second time he (lose)……… his job ?
27 How many bottles………… the milkman (leave) ………….? He (leave) ……… six
28 I (buy)………… a new carpet Come and look at it
29 She (write)………… three poems about her fatherland
30 We (finish) ………three English courses
Bài 2: Chuyển đổi từ hiện tại hoàn thành sang quá khứ đơn (và ngược lại)
1 Viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa:
1) This is the first time he went abroad
=> He hasn’t……… 2) She started driving 1 month ago
=> She has……… 3) We began eating when it started to rain
=> We have……… 4) I last had my hair cut when I left her
=> I haven’t……… 5) The last time she kissed me was 5 months ago
=> She hasn’t……… 6) It is a long time since we last met
=> The last ………
Trang 24THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
10) I haven’t taken a bath since Monday
=> It is ………
2 Chia các động từ trong ngoặc ra thì simple past hoặc present perfect:
1) We (studied) ………a very hard lesson the day before yesterday………
2) We (have studied) ………almost every lesson in this book so far………
3) We (have never watched)……… that television program ……… 4) We (watched) ……… an interesting program on television last night
………
5) My wife and I ……….……(had travelled) by air many times in the past 6) My wife and I (travelled)……… to Mexico by air last summer
7) I (have read) ………that novel by Hemingway sevaral times before
8) I (read) ……….that novel again during my last vacation
9) I (had) ……….a little trouble with my car last week
10) However,I (have )……… no trouble with my car since then
11) I (have ) ……… this toy since my birthday
12) We (live )……….in HN for ten years now and like it a lot
13) The last time I (go) ………to HN was in May
14) When my parents were on holiday I ( stay)……… with my aunt for a week 15) I (not see ) my son for ages He (not visit ) ……… me since May
16) Tom ( be) ……….to HN twice He loves it very much
17) My sister (work ) ………for an enterprise for two years That was after college
18) I (move)……… to HN in 2001 I (be ) ………….there a long time now
19) It was so cold today that I (wear)……… a sweater at school
20) So far this month there (be )……… three robberies in this street
Trang 25THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
21) When I was young I (meet )………… him three times
22) In the past few years ,it (become )………… more and more difficult to get into university
23) I (feel )………better since I ( live) ……….here
24) Since I (be ) ………in this city I ( not see)……… him
3 Khoanh tròn đáp án đúng
1 When the school?
A) have you joined B) did you joined C) did you join D) have you ever joined
2 _ in England?
A) Did you ever worked B) Have you ever worked C) Worked you D) Didn't you have worked
3 That's the best speech _
B) I never heard B) I didn't hear C) I used to hear D) I've ever heard
4 He's the most difficult housemate _
A) I never dealt with B) I never had to deal with
C) I've ever had to deal with D) I've never had to deal with
5 to him last week
A) I spoke B) I've already spoken C) I didn't spoke D) I speaked
6 _a contract last year and it is still valid
C) We haven't signed D) We have sign
7 from a business trip to France
A) I come back B) I came back
Trang 26THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
C) I never came back D) I've just come back
8 Prices in 1995 but then _ in 1996
A) rised _ falled B) rose _ fell C) have risen _ have fallen D) rose _ have fallen
9 You to a word
A) listened _ I haven't said B) didn't listen _ I say C) listened _ saying D) haven't listened _ I've said back
10 I can't believe that the news
A) you haven't read B) you didn't read C) you don't read D) you read not
Đáp án:
Bài 1:
1 have made/ 've made 16 hasn't played
2 has started./ 's started 17 haven't had
3 have turned/ 've turned 18 haven't seen
4 Have they paid 19 have realized/ 've realized
5 has taken/ 's taken 20 have gone
6 have finished/ 've finished 21 have known
7 Have eaten 22 Have taken
8 hasn't come 23 has eaten/ 's eaten
9 have worked/ 've worked 24 has lived/ 's lived
10 Have been 25 has lost
Trang 27THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
11 haven't done 26 have left - has left/ 's left
12 have just seen/ 've just seen - has done 27 have bought/ 've bought
13 have decided 28 has written/ 's written
14 has been/ 's been 29 have finished/ 've finished
15 hasn't had 30 hasn't started
Bài 2:
1 It is/ This is the first time she has ever drunk whisky
2 It is/ This isthe first time he has ever known me
3 We've never visited Ha Long Bay before
4 She hasn't kissed me for 5 months./ She hasn't kissed me since 5 months ago
5 I haven't had my hair cut since I left her
6 We haven't met for a long time
Bài tập viết lại câu thì hiện tại hoàn thành và quá khứ đơn
1 Samuel started keeping a diary in 1997
5 He has written to me since April
The last time
6 She hasn’t had a swim for five years
She last