Các nhà nghiên cứu trong lĩnh vực tâm lý học đã nhận thấy rằng một trong những cách tốt nhất để đưa ra quyết định quan trọng, chẳng hạn như chọn một trường đại học để theo học hoặc kinh[r]
Trang 1Đề thi thử THPT QG Chu Văn An - Hà Nội Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.
Question1: The aircraft carrier is indispensable in naval operations against sea or shore based enemies
Question2: People are now far more materialistic than their predecessors years ago.
A monetary B greedy C object-oriented D spiritual
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
You will make the interview process easier for the employer if you volunteer relevant information about yourself Think about how you want to present your (3) _, experiences, education, work style, skills, and goals Be prepared to supplement all your answers with examples that support the statements you make It is also a good idea to review your résumé with a critical eye and identify areas that an employer might see as limitations or want further information Think about how you can answer difficult questions (4) _ and positively, while keeping each answer brief.
An interview gives the employer a (5) _ to get to know you While you do want to market
yourself to the employer, answer each question with an honest response.
Never say anything negative about past experiences, employers, or courses and professors Always think
of something positive about an experience and talk about that You should also be (6) _ If you are genuinely interested in the job, let the interviewer know that.
One of the best ways to show you are interested in a job is to demonstrate that you have researched the organization prior to the interview You can also (7) _ interest by asking questions about the job, the organization, and its services and products.
Question3: A pressures B practices C promotions D strengths
Question4: A accurately B hardly C rightly D sharply
Question6: A enthusiasm B enthusiastic C enthusiast D enthusiastically
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair
of sentences in the following questions.
Question8: He was successful because he was determined to pursue personal goals He was not talented
A In addition to his determination, his talent ensured his success in pursuing his goals.
B His determination to pursue personal goals made him successful and talented.
C It was his determination to pursue personal goals, not talent, that contributed to his success.
D His success lay in his natural ability, not in his determination to pursue personal goals.
Question9: There was a serious flood All local pupils couldn’t go to school on that day.
A The serious flood prevented all local pupils not go to school on that day
B The serious flood hindered all local pupils from going to school on that day.
C The serious flood made all pupils from not going to school on that day.
D The serious flood caused all local pupils not go to school on that day.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
Question10: I would willingly have lent you the money myself if only I’d known you needed it.
Trang 2A I would lend you the money willingly if I were convinced that you really required it
B As I realized just how necessary the loan was to you, I naturally lent you what you needed.
C Had I realized that you were in need of such a loan, I would gladly have lent it to you myself.
D I was under no obligation to offer you a loan, but nevertheless did so gladly.
Question11: The scene is set in Normandy, but most of the characters in this novel are Londoners.
A In the novel, the action moves backwards and forwards between Normandy and London
B The story is about Normandy, but the leading characters are all Londoners.
C The main characters in the novel are Londoners on a sightseeing holiday in Normandy D In this novel, the story takes place in Normandy but the majority of the characters are from London.
Question12: We got caught in a traffic jam so we were among the last to arrive.
A Most people got there before us as we were held up by the traffic.
B The late arrivers all put the blame on the heavy traffic.
C The traffic was so heavy that nearly everyone arrived late.
D There was such a congestion on the roads that I thought we never would get there.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.
Question13: When Susan invited us to dinner, she really showed off her culinary talents She prepared a feast - a huge selection of dishes that were simply mouth-watering.
A having to do with food and cooking B relating to medical knowledge
C involving hygienic conditions and diseases D concerning nutrition and health
Question14: The works of the English theoretical physicist and cosmologist Stephen Hawking helped pave the way for the framework of general relativity and theoretical prediction of black holes dynamics and mechanics.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part needs correction Question15: A professor of economy and history at our university developed a new theory of the relationship between historical events and financial crises.
Question16: The Mediterranean, a large sea surrounded by land, is a mile depth on the average and more than 2000 miles long.
A surrounded by land B depth C on the average D 2000 miles long
Question17: If you record people spoke a disappearing language, you can keep important information about both the language and its speaker.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges
Question18: Ken and Tom are high-school students They are discussing where their study group will meet Ken: “Where is our study group going to meet next weekend?” – Tom: “ _.”
A Studying in a group is great fun B We are too busy on weekdays.
C Why don’t you look at the atlas? D The library would be best.
Trang 3Question19: Peter: “Do you think that we should use public transportation to protect our environment?” – Jerry: “ .”
A Yes, it’s an absurd idea B There’s no doubt about it.
C Of course not You bet D Well, that’s very surprising!
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best way to make an important
decision, such as choosing a university to attend or business to invest in, involves the utilization of a decision worksheet Psychologists who study optimization compare the actual decisions made by people
to theretical ideal decisions to see how similar they are Proponents of the worksheet procedure believe that it will yield optimal, that is, the best decisions Although there are several variations on the exact format that worksheets cam take, they are all similar in their essential aspects.
Worksheets require defining the problem in a clear and concise way and then listing all possible
solutions to the problem Next, the pertinent considerations that all possible solutions to the problem Next, the pertinent considerations that will be affected by each decision are listed, and the relative importance of each consideration or consequence is determined Each consideration is assigned a
numerical value to reflect its relative importance A decision is mathematically calculated by adding these values together The alternative with the highest number of points emerges as the best decision Since most important problems are multifaceted, there are several alternatives to choose from, each with unique advantages and disadvantages One of the benefits of a pencil and paper decision-making procedure is that it permits people to deal with more variables than their minds can generally
comprehend and remember On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once A worksheet can be especially useful when the decision involves a large number of variables with complex relationships A realistic example for many college students is the question "What will I do after
graduation?" A graduate might seek a position that offers specialized training, pursue an advanced degree, or travel abroad for a year.
A decision-making worksheet begins with a succinct statement of the problem that will also help to narrow it It is important to be clear about the distinction between long-range and immediate goals because range goals often involve a different decision than short-range ones Focusing on long-range goals, a graduating student might revise the question above to "What will I do after graduation that will lead to a successful career?"
Question20: According to decision-worksheet theory, an optimal decision is defined as one that
A has the fewest variables to consider
B uses the most decision worksheet
C has the most points assigned to it
D is agreed to by the greatest number of people
Question21: Which of the following terms is defined in the passage?
A Proponents (paragraph 1) B Optimal (paragraph 1)
C Variables (paragraph 3) D Long-range goals (paragraph 4)
Question22: The word "essential" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to
A introductory B fundamental C changeable D beneficial
Trang 4Question23: The author states that "On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once" (paragraph 3) to explain that
A people can learn to keep more than seven ideas in their minds with practice
B most decisions involve seven steps.
C human mental capacity has limitations.
D some people have difficulty making minor as well as major decisions.
Question24: The word "it" in paragraph 4 refers to
A worksheet B problem C distinction D decision
Question25: What does the passage mainly discuss?
A A comparison of actual decisions and ideal decisions
B Research on how people make decisions.
C A tool to assist in making complex decisions.
D Differences between long-range and short-range decision making.
Question26: Of the following steps, which occurs BEFORE the others in making a decision worksheet?
A Listing the consequences of each solution
B Writing down all possible solutions.
C Deciding which consequences are most important.
D Calculating a numerical summary of each solution.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the
following questions.
Question27: It’s no longer possible to argue that crime is with unemployment.
A connecting B connect C unconnected D disconnected
Question28: The authorities have shown no signs of _ to the kidnappers’ demands.
A standing up B bringing about C getting down D giving in
Question29: Many of the beautiful buildings in our cities by exhaust gases from cars and
factories We must do something to stop this.
A were destroyed B are destroyed C are being destroyed D have been destroyed
Question30: Residents were warned not to be extravagant with water, the low rainfall this year.
A in view of B with a view to C regardless of D irrespective of
Question31: That play was for her to see again.
A interesting enough B too interesting C enough interesting D so interesting
Question32: His wife is a terrible snob She _ almost all his friends because they have north country accents.
A looks up to B looks forward to C looks out on D looks down on
Question33: Upon returning from the class, _.
A a letter was found in the mail box B a letter was in the mail box
C he found a letter from the mail box D the mail box had a letter in it
Question34: All three TV channels provide extensive _ of sporting events.
Question35: According to the conditions of my scholarship, after finishing my degree, .
A the university will employ me
B my education will be employed by the university
Trang 5C I will be employed by the university
D employment will be given to me by the university
Question36: There are many in our library.
A old American interesting history books B interesting old American history books
C interesting American old history books D American interesting old history books
Question37: Those letters _ now You can do the typing later.
A need to type B need typing C needn’t be typing D needn’t be typed
Question38: The more he tried to explain, _ we got.
A the much confused B the many confusing C the more confusing D the more confused
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question39: A kissed B washed C advertised D slipped
Question40: A casebook B briefcase C suitcase D purchase
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
TRACKING THE SNOW LEOPARD
“When a snow leopard stalks its prey among the mountain walls, it moves softly, slowly,” explains Indian biologist Raghunandan Singh Chundawat, who has studied the animal for years “If it knocks a stone loose, it will reach out a foot to stop it from falling and making noise.” One might be moving right now, perfectly silent, maybe close by But where? And how many are left to see?
Best known for its spotted coat and long distinctive tail, the snow leopard is one of the world’s most secretive animals These elusive cats can only be found high in the remote, mountainous regions of central Asia For this reason, and because they hunt primarily at night, they are very rarely seen.
Snow leopards have been officially protected since 1975, but enforcing this law has proven difficult Many continue to be killed for their fur and body parts, which are worth a fortune on the black market
In recent years, though, conflict with local herders has also led to a number of snow leopard deaths This
is because the big cats kill the herders’ animals, and drag the bodies away to eat high up in the
mountains.
As a result of these pressures, the current snow leopard population is estimated at only 4,000 to 7,000, and some fear that the actual number may already have dropped below 3,500 The only way to reverse this trend and bring these cats back from near extinction, say conservationists, is to make them more valuable alive than dead.
Because farming is difficult in Central Asia’s cold, dry landscape, traditional cultures depend mostly on livestock (mainly sheep and goats) to survive in these mountainous regions At night, when snow leopards hunt, herders’ animals are in danger of snow leopard attacks Losing only a few animals can push a family into desperate poverty “The wolf comes and kills, eats, and goes somewhere else,” said one herder, “but snow leopards are always around They have killed one or two animals many time Everybody wanted to finish this leopard.”
To address this problem, local religious leaders have called for an end to snow leopard killings, saying that these wild animals have the right to exist peacefully They’ve also tried to convince people that the leopards are quite rare and thus it is important to protect them Financial incentives are also helping to slow snow leopard killings The organization Snow Leopard Conservancy–India has established
Himalayan Homestays, a program that sends visitors to the region to herders’ houses For a clean room
Trang 6and bed, meals with the family, and an introduction to their culture, visitors pay about ten U.S dollars a night Having guests once every two weeks through the tourist season provides the herders with enough income to replace the animals lost to snow leopards In addition, Homestays helps herders build
protective fences that keep out snow leopards The organization also conducts environmental classes at village schools and trains Homestays members as nature guides, available for hire In exchange, the herders agree not to kill snow leopards.
In Mongolia, a project called Snow Leopard Enterprises (SLE) helps herder communities earn extra money in exchange for their promise to protect the endangered cat Women in Mongolian herder
communities make a variety of products—yarn for making clothes, decorative floor rugs, and toys— using the wool from their herds SLE buys these items from herding families and sells them abroad Herders must agree to protect the snow leopards and to encourage neighbors to do the same.
The arrangement increases herders’ incomes by 10 to 15 percent and “elevates” the status of the women.
If no one in the community kills the protected animals over the course of a year, the program members are rewarded with a 20 percent bonus in addition to the money they’ve already made An independent review in 2006 found no snow leopard killings in areas where SLE operates Today the organization continues to add more communities.
Projects like the Homestays program in India and SLE’s business in Mongolia are doing well, though they cover only a small part of the snow leopard’s homeland, they make the leopards more valuable to more people each year If these programs continue to do well, the snow leopard may just have a figting chance.
Question41: Which of these is NOT true about the Himalayan Homestays program?
A The organization helps herders to build fences
B Herders provide accommodation to guests.
C Some herders work as nature guides
D Visitors pay $10 a week to stay at a herder’s house.
Question42: The purpose of the projects mentioned is
A to persuade herders to live on eco-tourism not raising animals
B to elevate the status of the women in the communities
C to increase the population of snow leopards in wildlife reserves
D to make local people have a sustainable life to protect snow leopards
Question43: The phrase “this trend” in paragraph 4 refers to
A the fall in the snow leopard population B the pressures caused by the black market
C increasing conflict with the herders D the opinions of conservationists
Question44: What is the main idea of the third paragraph?
A Local herders are uncooperative in attempts to save snow leopards.
B The snow leopard’s endangerment is due to in part to the black market.
C Snow leopards are killed for their fur and body parts.
D It is difficult to enforce the laws made to protect the snow leopard.
Question45: The word “address” in in paragraph 6 can be replaced by
Question46: Why is the Mongolian women's status in the community “elevated”?
A They can encourage their neighbours
Trang 7B They are saving money for the snow leopards.
C They are earning money for the community.
D They are living higher up in the mountain.
Question47: According to conservationists, what is the best way to save the snow leopard?
A Create a nature park where they can be free
B Move herders away from where the snow leopard lives
C Pass laws to punish people who kill snow leopards for their fur
D Make people recognize the value of living snow leopards.
Question48: The word “bodies” in paragraph 3 refers to
A the big cats B snow leopards C local herders D the herders’ animals
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on you answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the rest in the position of the main stress in each of the following questions.
Question49: A suspicious B marvelous C physical D argument
Question50: A spaciousness B solicitor C consequence D separately
Đáp án Đề ôn thi THPT Quốc gia môn tiếng Anh trường Chu Văn An - HN
LỜI GIẢI CHI TIẾT
Question 1 B
Kiến thức: Từ vựng, từ trái nghĩa
Giải thích:
indispensable (a): không thể thiếu được, thiết yếu
novel (a): mới lạ unnecessary (a): không cần thiết
exotic (a): kỳ lạ, ngoại lai vital (a): quan trọng; trọng yếu
=> indispensable >< unnecessary
Tạm dịch: Các tàu sân bay là không thể thiếu trong các hoạt động hải quân chống lại kẻ thù trên
biển hoặc bờ biển
Question 2 D
Kiến thức: Từ vựng, từ trái nghĩa
Giải thích:
materialistic (a): chủ nghĩa duy vật
monetary (a): [thuộc] tiền tệ greedy (a): tham lam; thèm thuồng
object-oriented (a): lập trình spiritual (a): [thuộc] tinh thần, tâm hồn
=> materialistic >< spiritual
Tạm dịch: Con người hiện nay vật chất hơn nhiều so với tổ tiên nhiều năm trước
Question 3 D
Kiến thức: Từ vựng, đọc hiểu
Trang 8Giải thích:
pressure (n): sức ép; áp lực practice (n): sự thực hành
promotion (n): sự thăng cấp; sự thăng chức strength (n): sức mạnh, điểm mạnh
Question 4 A
Kiến thức: Từ vựng, đọc hiểu
Giải thích:
accurately (adv): [một cách] chính xác, đúng hardly (adv): hiếm khi, hầu như không
rightly (adv): phải; đúng sharply (adv): [một cách] rõ nét
Question 5 C
Kiến thức: Từ vựng, đọc hiểu
Giải thích:
change (n): sự thay đổi way (n): cách thức
chance (n): cơ hội practice (n): sự thực hành
Ta có cụm “a chance to do sth”: có cơ hội làm gì
Question 6 B
Kiến thức: Từ loại, đọc hiểu
Giải thích:
enthusiasm (n): sự nhiệt tình enthusiastic (a): đầy nhiệt tình
enthusiast (n): người nhiệt tình enthusiastically (adv): một cách nhiệt tình
Vị trí này ta cần một tính từ, vì phía trước có “be”
Question 7 A
Kiến thức: Từ vựng, đọc hiểu
Giải thích:
show (v): thể hiện, hiển thị appear (v): xuất hiện, dường như
conceal (v): giấu giếm; che đậy cover (v): che, phủ
Dịch bài đọc:
Bạn sẽ khiến quá trình phỏng vấn dễ dàng hơn đối với người sử dụng lao động nếu bạn tình nguyện đưa ra thông tin liên quan về bản thân bạn Hãy suy nghĩ về cách bạn muốn thể hiện điểm mạnh, kinh nghiệm, giáo dục, phong cách làm việc, kỹ năng và mục tiêu của bạn Hãy sẵn sàng để bổ sung tất cả các câu trả lời của bạn với các ví dụ hỗ trợ các câu bạn đưa ra Nó cũng là một ý tưởng tốt khi xem xét lý lịch của bạn với một cách cẩn trọng và xác định các lĩnh vực mà một người sử dụng lao động có thể xem như là hạn chế hoặc muốn biết thêm thông tin Hãy suy nghĩ về cách bạn có thể trả lời các câu hỏi khó một cách chính xác và tích cực, đồng thời giữ cho mỗi câu trả lời ngắn gọn
Một cuộc phỏng vấn cho người sử dụng lao động cơ hội để biết về bạn Trong khi bạn muốn tự tiếp thị với người sử dụng lao động, hãy trả lời từng câu hỏi bằng một câu trả lời trung thực Không bao giờ nói bất cứ điều gì tiêu cực về kinh nghiệm quá khứ, người chủ cũ, hoặc các khóa học và giáo sư Luôn nghĩ về điều gì đó tích cực về trải nghiệm và nói về điều đó Bạn cũng nên nhiệt tình Nếu bạn thực sự quan tâm đến công việc, hãy để người phỏng vấn biết điều đó Một
Trang 9trong những cách tốt nhất để thể hiện bạn quan tâm đến công việc là chứng minh rằng bạn đã nghiên cứu về doanh nghiệp trước cuộc phỏng vấn Bạn cũng có thể thể hiện sự quan tâm bằng cách đặt câu hỏi về công việc, tổ chức, dịch vụ và sản phẩm của họ
Question 8 C
Kiến thức: Viết lại câu
Giải thích:
Tạm dịch: Anh đã thành công vì anh quyết tâm theo đuổi mục tiêu cá nhân Anh ấy không tài năng
A Ngoài quyết tâm của mình, tài năng của anh đã đảm bảo thành công trong việc theo đuổi mục tiêu của mình
B Quyết tâm theo đuổi mục tiêu cá nhân làm cho anh thành công và tài năng
C Chính quyết tâm theo đuổi mục tiêu cá nhân, không phải tài năng, là điều góp phần vào sự thành công của anh ấy
D Thành công của anh nằm trong khả năng tự nhiên của anh, không phải trong quyết tâm theo đuổi mục tiêu cá nhân
Question 9
Question 14 C
Kiến thức: Từ vựng, từ đồng nghĩa
Giải thích:
pave the way for (v): mở đường cho
terminate (v): kết thúc, chấm dứt lighten (v): làm nhẹ bớt
initiate (v): bắt đầu, khởi xướng prevent (v): ngăn chặn
=> pave the way for = initiate
Tạm dịch: Các công trình của nhà vật lí học và nhà vũ trụ học người Anh Stephen Hawking đã
giúp mở đường cho khuôn khổ thuyết tương đối và dự đoán lý thuyết về động lực và cơ học của
hố đen vũ trụ
Question 15 A
Kiến thức: Từ vựng, sửa lỗi sai
Giải thích:
economy => economics
Ở đây ta cần tên một môn học/một lĩnh vực “economics”: kinh tế học; “economy”: kinh tế
Tạm dịch: Một giáo sư kinh tế và lịch sử tại trường đại học của chúng tôi đã phát triển một lý
thuyết mới về mối quan hệ giữa các sự kiện lịch sử và khủng hoảng tài chính
Question 16 B
Kiến thức: Từ loại, sửa lại câu
Giải thích:
depth => deep hoặc in depth
Ở đây ta có thể dùng tính từ “deep”vì phía trước có “to be” hoặc thêm giới từ “in” trước danh từ
“depth”
Trang 10Tạm dịch: Địa Trung Hải, một biển lớn bao quanh bởi đất, trung bình sâu một dặm và dài hơn
2000 dặm.
Question 17 A
Kiến thức: Cụm từ, sửa lại câu
Giải thích:
spoke => speaking
Ta có cấu trúc: record + somebody + Ving = ghi lại/ghi âm lại ai đó làm gì
Tạm dịch: Nếu bạn ghi lại mọi người nói một ngôn ngữ đang dần biến mất, bạn có thể lưu giữ
thông tin quan trọng về cả ngôn ngữ lẫn người nói ngôn ngữ đó
Question 18 D
Kiến thức: Văn hoá giao tiếp
Giải thích:
Tạm dịch: Ken và Tom là học sinh trung học Họ đang thảo luận nơi mà nhóm học tập của họ sẽ gặp nhau
Ken: "Nhóm học tập của chúng ta sẽ gặp nhau vào cuối tuần tới ở đâu?" - Tom: " _."
A Học tập trong một nhóm rất vui B Chúng ta quá bận vào ngày thường
C Tại sao bạn không nhìn vào bản đồ? D Thư viện là tốt nhất
Question 19 B
Question 25 C
Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu
Giải thích:
Đoạn văn chủ yếu thảo luận gì?
A So sánh các quyết định thực tế và các quyết định lý tưởng
B Nghiên cứu cách mọi người ra quyết định
C Một công cụ hỗ trợ đưa ra các quyết định phức tạp
D Sự khác biệt giữa việc ra quyết định tầm xa và tầm ngắn
Bài văn thảo luận về “Một công cụ hỗ trợ đưa ra các quyết định phức tạp” đó là “decision
worksheet”
Question 26 B
Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu
Giải thích:
Các bước sau, cái nào xảy ra TRƯỚC những cái khác trong việc đưa ra một bảng quyết định?
A Liệt kê các hậu quả của mỗi giải pháp
B Viết ra tất cả các giải pháp có thể
C Quyết định hậu quả nào là quan trọng nhất
D Tính toán một bản tóm tắt bằng số của mỗi giải pháp
Thông tin: Worksheets require defining the problem in a clear and concise way and then listing
all possible solutions to the problem
Các bước sau đó lần lượt là: