Business Vocabulary in Use (Cambridge Professional English)_Answer key

1b, 2e, 3d, 4a, Sc 1b working, boring, involves 2c being/to be 3a_ travelling, tiring, dealing 1 recruit, headhunt, appoint, offer, hire 2 accept, turn down, apply Business Vocabulary

I work for a French supermarket company I work on the development of new supermarkets

In fact, run the development department and I manage a team looking at the possibilities in different countries It’s very interesting One of my main responsibilities is to make sure that new supermarkets open on time I’m also in charge of financial reporting

I deal with a lot of different organizations in my work I’m responsible for planning projects from start to finish I work closely with our foreign partners, so I travel a lot

2 He has a full-time job

3 She works full-time

4 I work part-time

5 She has a permanent job

6 He has a temporary job

7 She has temporary work

1b, 2e, 3d, 4a, Sc 1b working, boring, involves 2c being/to be

3a_ travelling, tiring, dealing

1 recruit, headhunt, appoint, offer, hire

2 accept, turn down, apply

Business Vocabulary in Use

At 18, Ravi decided to stay in full-time education and went to Mumbai University

Ravi graduated three years later with a degree in philosophy and politics

He taught for a while, but didn’t like it He decided to train as an accountant at evening classes

4 He qualified as an accountant and joined a big accountancy firm in its Mumbai office

5 When he started, he needed to develop other skills, which would come through experience

6 He received management training to help him develop these skills

5 computer-literate, proactive, self-starter, team-player

2 overtime, commission 5 company car

4 company perks 7 benefits package

1 severance payment, severance package

2 compensation package, remuneration package

1 office 5 administrative staff

2 head office 6 support

3 headquarters 7 human resources department

4 open-plan 8 HRD

Noun — Verb Noun — Adjective

retirement — retire seniority — senior

demotion — demote freelance, freelancer — freelance

lay-off - lay off redundancy — redundant

dismissal — dismiss insecurity — insecure

termination — terminate flexibility — flexible

1b, 2d, 3e, 4c, 5a

1 reviews 4 freelancers 7 leaner

3 contracts 6 flatter 9 outplacement

1b, 2c, 3a, 4f, Se, 6d

1 bullying

2 sexual harassment, harassed

3 glass ceiling, sex discrimination

4 racial discrimination, racist, discriminated

5 affirmative action, affirmative action

1 marketing director

2 research director

3 marketing director

4 human resources director

5 customer services manager

6 sales manager

President and CEO Non-executive director Non-executive director

CFO VP Marketing VP Research VP Human Resources

1 entrepreneurs 5 grow

2 entrepreneurial 6 leadership

3 founded 7 empire

4 start-up

Hearst: press magnate

Son: software tycoon

Trump: property tycoon

Murdoch: media mogul

Onassis: shipping magnate

Getty: oil mogul

Business Vocabulary in Use

2 The company has built a grand corporate headquarters as a permanent symbol of its power

3 Our stylish new corporate logo shows our wish to be seen as a more international airline

4 The economy is growing and corporate profits are rising

5 The rules were introduced to protect women working in factories, but today they make it harder for women to climb the corporate ladder

6 Companies hit by computer crime are not talking about it because they fear the publicity will harm their corporate image

1 commercial airline 4 commercial artist

1 (a) Market research showed, (b) beta version, (c) after the launch a

2 (d) the focus groups, (e) safe, (f) industrial scale

3 (g) designers, (h) testing, (i) CADCAM

145

Business Vocabulary in Use

14.2 1 design 5 surveys

2 market 6 product launch

15.1 1 a design 3 development 5 an invention 7 innovation

2 design 4 adevelopment 6 an invention 8 an innovation

16.1 manufacture, manufacturer, manufacturing, manufactured goods

produce: non-food, producer, production, product

produce: food, producer, production, produce

2 warehouses 5 more efficient

3 to finance 6 lean manufacturing

146 Business Vocabulary in Use

are the market leader

have a 55 per cent market share

1 brand manager 5 own-brand

2 brand 6 generic products

3 brand recognition 7 branded

4 brand image

3 true

3 cuts

1 entry-level 4 sophisticated 6 top-en

2 trade up 5 mid-ranged 7 niche market

3 move upmarket

1 distribution channel 3 retailers 5 customer

2 wholesalers 4 resellers 6 middleman

1 shopping mall 3 convenience store 5 deep discounter

2 shopping centre 4 drugstore 6 department store

1 junk mail 3 mailshot 5 direct marketing

2 call centre 4 cold call 6 telemarketing

25%

20%

underspending budget for spending/expenditure

discount credit policy, payment terms

Inland Revenue bad debts write them off

current asset not an asset intangible asset not an asset depreciation write down

Business Vocabulary in Use 149

"piri ol] Fl 1] tfaln]| | cl ol sis

3 parent company 7 non-core assets

4 divestment 8 core activities

1 transfer, current account, an overdraft

4 Wall Street 8 Square Mile

1 true 3 false 5 true

2 true 4 false

1 securities house 6 bonds

2 futures contract 7 securities

3 commodities 8 a commodities exchange

3 very high turnover 7 record high

4 spectacular gains 8 barrier

1 declines 5 panic selling

2 bear, collapse 6 rally

38.2 1 trade deficit 6 balance of trade

2 trade gap 7 inflation rate

3 exports 8 inflation

4 imports 9 out of work

5 trade surplus 10 jobless

30 20 10 this 30 years ago this year

Y€ars ago years ago years ago year

4 insider dealing, insider trading; use Chinese walls

5 bribes, backhanders, kickbacks, sweeteners; corruption, sleaze

40.2 embezzlement, embezzler, embezzles, embezzlement, embezzled

faking, faker, fakes, a fake, faked

forgery, forger, forges, a forgery, forged

fraud, fraudster, defrauds, a fraud, fraudulent

money laundering, money launderer, launders money

racketeering, racketeer, racketeers

41.1 1 cthics 4 code of ethics

2 unethically 5 Ethical

3 unethical

152 Business Vocabulary in Use

2 You should avoid interruptions

3 You should avoid distractions

4 You shouldn’t aim for perfectionism when it’s not necessary

5 You should plan your day in advance

6 You should go on a time management course

2 canteen culture 5 macho culture

3 long-hours culture 6 long-hours culture

1 false 3 false 5 false 7 true

2 false 4 true 6 true

2 mobile phone 5 webcam

3 cordless 6 public telephone

1 It would be good to see Anna soon I’ll phone her and see when she’s free

2 correct

3 Why don’t you ring Pizza Palace and order some takeaway pizza?

4 I rang them five minutes ago but there was no answer

5 correct

6 correct

7 T’ll give her a bell and we'll fix up a meeting

8 When you get some news, give me a buzz

2 four-zero-seven eight-two-four four-three-two-one

3 two-one-three nine-five-six one-seven-dotible-seven

4 two-che-zero doubletwo-five one-three-nine-one

5 nine-zero-one double-three-two double*three-double-two

6 five-two-zero six-three-eight two-six-two-six

1 reservations line 4 information line

2 helpline 5 freephone number

: Can I speak to Mrs Lee, please?

Speaking I’m rather tied up at the moment

: Sven Nyman here I’m calling about your order

I wonder if you could call back later

: Is that James Cassidy?

No, I’m afraid not Can I ask who’s calling?

: Annelise Schmidt Is James Cassidy available?

I’m afraid he’s in a meeting Would you like to leave a message?

: Could you ask him to call me back as soon as possible?

This is a suggested answer, but you can use any word beginning with each appropriate letter

2 V for Victor, A for Alpha, L for Lima, L for Lima, A for Alpha, D for Delta, O for Oscar,

L for Lima, I for India, D for Delta

3 W for Whisky, E for Echo, B for Bravo, B for Bravo, E for Echo, R for Romeo

4 WWW dot, britishcouncil all as one word dot, org slash courses

5 P for Papa, E for Echo, T for Tango, E for Echo, R for Romeo, new word, H for Hotel,

O for Oscar, U for Uniform, S for Sierra, E for Echo

6 M for Mike, A for Alpha, C for Charlie, P for Papa, H for Hotel, E for Echo,

R for Romeo, S for Sugar, O for Oscar, N for November

7 john hyphen smith at cambridge dot ac dot UK

Can you fax your most exciting designs?

Sure, [’ll fax you the drawings

What’s your fax number?

Can you fax me the designs our customers will be most interested in?

II fax them to you straightaway

If you could fax everything, that would be great!

resent 4 did not jam

went through 5 send, through

did not get stuck 6 legible

reply to all 6 delete

copy Chris Jones in on 4 forwarding

It’s about time we got started

Let’s begin, shall we?

correct

Let’s make a start

Let’s get down to business

Pve called this meeting to

correct

The main objective is to

As you are awate

John, would you like to kick off?

Kay, would you like to open the discussion?

Len, perhaps you’d like to get the ball rolling?

Monica, what do you think?

Nigel, what are your views on this?

Olive, what are your feelings on this?

1c, 2a, 3b, 4e, 5d

: Sorry to interrupt you, but I hate that word ‘creative’ A lot of them haven’t created

anything except chaos since they arrived in the company

Are you implying that the creative department has people who shouldn’t be there?

6, 5,1, 2,3

Business Vocabulary in Use 157

1 OK To begin, let’s look at the most basic product in our range

2 Of course, related to the product specifications of our basic model is the issue of product performance

3 But I’m digressing: let’s get back to the product specifications themselves

4 That’s all I have time for on product specifications Let’s move on to our mid-range model

5 As you can see on this transparency, there are two key features I want to talk about in relation

to our mid-range model

6 I think that covers everything on our mid-range model

7 Time is moving on, so let’s turn to our top-of-the-range product

overhead projector, computer screen projector

overhead projector, computer screen projector

1 The company were negotiating from strength They had more bargaining power

2 The union were negotiating from weakness

3 The union made demands for a pay increase of 100 per cent, but then they backed

down/climbed down

4 The miners gave in and went back to work

5 The company had been confrontational and adversarial

1b, 2a, 3d, 4e, 5c

1e, 2c, 3d, 4b, 5a

accurate record /‘ekjorat

'rekoid/ 55

acquire /a'kwara/ 34

acquisition /,ekwt'zifan/

33, 34 action points /‘zekfan points/ 55

address book /a'dres buk/ 53

administration/admin

/ad,mint'strerfan/‘zedmin/ 6

administrative staff

/ad'ministratrv ,starf/ 6 administrator /ad'ministreita/

33 advance /ad'varns/ 39

/'œdvataIzm kem ,peImm/ 25 advertising medium

/#œdvataIzm 'mi:diam/ 25 aerospace /'earauspeIs/ 13

anecdote /‘anitkdaut/ 60

angry /‘zengri/ 57

annual general meeting (AGM)

/‘enjual 'dzenaral 'mi:tmy/ 54 Business Vocabulary in Use

annual meeting /,anjual 'mizt1y/

54

annual report /,zenjual r1'po:t/

31 applicant /‘eplikant/ 3 application form /,œplr'keifan fo:m/ 3

applied for /a'platd fo:/ 3 appoint /a'point/ 3 appointments /a'pomntmants/ 3 approachable /a'praut fabl/

44, 45 arbitration /,arbi'trerfan/ 66 arbitrator /‘arbitreita/ 66

attachment /a'tatfment/ 53 audience /‘o:dians/ 59 audit /ordit/ 31 auditors /'s:ditaz 31 authoritarian /,o:@pr1'tearian/ 44 automated /‘o:tamertid/ 16

axe /œks/ 39

back down /,bœk 'daun/ 65 background /'bekgraund/ 3, 63 backhander /bœk'hœnda/ 40 bad debts /,bœd 'dets/ 29 bad working environment /,bad

,W3:kIn In'vaIeranmeni/ 8

bailout /‘berlaut/ 33 balance of payments /'belans av

‘permonts/ 38 balance sheet /‘balans fi:t/ 30 bank statement /'bank

,steItmant/ 35

banking charges /'baeyk1y

itfardziz/ 35 bargain /‘ba:gm/ 62, 66

bargainer /‘ba:gmoa/ 62 bargaining /‘ba:ginin/ 62, 63,

65 bargaining position /'ba:ginim

pa,zifen/ 63

bargaining power /‘barginin

paua/ 65 basic /'betstk/ 5, 23

basic salary /,bers1k 'selari/ 5

bce 53

be on sale /,bi: pn 'seIl/ 27 bear market /‘bea ,markit/ 37 bearish /'beart1f/ 37

behind schedule /br,haind

‘fedju:ly 42

benchmarking /'benJmarkry/

18 benefits /'benifits/ 5, 21

benefits package /'benrfrts

pekidz/ 5

best practice /,best 'praktis/ 18 beta version /‘bitta ,va:fan/ 14 big business /,b1g 'biznts/ 11 billboards /‘bilbo:dz/ 25

billing /'brhp/ 29

bitter /'bita/ 65 blackboard /‘blakbo:d/ 60 bleeding red ink /,bli:diy red

‘myk/ 31

blue chips /,blu: 'tf1ps/ 37

bluff /blaf/ 65

board /bo:d/ 9 board meeting /'bo:d mi:tin/ 54 boardroom /'bo:dru:m/ 5 bonds /bpndz/ 32, 36 bonus /‘baunas/ 5 bonus payments /'baunas

\permants/ 42

book value /‘buk ,veelju:/ 30 bookkeepers /'buk,kizpaz/ 31 boom /bu:m/ 39

boring /‘bo:r1y/ 2 born leaders /,born 'lirdaz/ 44 borrower /‘bpraue/ 32 borrowing /‘bprauin/ 32 boss /bps/ 9

bottom line /bptam 'larn/ 31 bottom out /,bptem 'aut/ 39 bottom-end /,bptem 'end/ 23 bourse /buas/ 36

branch /bra:ntf/ 35

brand /breend/ 22, 30

branded /'braendid/ 22 branding /'braendin/ 22 break even /,breik 'i:van/ 28 breakthroughs /breIkÐru:z/ 15 bribe /braib/ 40

bribery /'bratbari/ 40

bull market /'bul ,markit/ 37

bullet point /‘bulit pornt/ 60

business process re-engineering

(BPR) /,biznis ,prauses ri:

call centres /ko:l »sentaz/ 24

call someone’s bluff /,ko:1

career ladder /ka'r12 lœdar/ Z7

career paths /ka'r1a pardz/ 7 cash /keef/ 28, 29, 33 cash cows /'keef kauz/ 28

cash mountain /‘kef mauntin/

33 cash pile /‘kaf parl/ 33 cash reserves /'keef r1,zarvz/ 33 cashflow /'keefflau/ 29 casual Fridays /,ke3jual

‘fraideiz/ 46

casually /‘ke3juali/ 46 catalog /‘ketalog/ 22 catalogue /‘keetalng/ 22

catering /'kertarin/ 13

cc /,sửr'sH/ 53

ccase trading /,si:s 'treidip/ 33 cellphone /'selfaun/ 48 cellular /'seljala/ 48 cellular phone /,seljala 'faun/

48

chain store /‘tfein sto:/ 24 chairperson /'tfea,ps:san/ 55

challenging /‘tfaelind3/ 43 change hands /,tfemnd3 'haendz/

37 charge /tfaid3/ 23, 30 charisma /ka'rizma/ 44

charities /'tfaeritiz/ 12

cheap /tfixp/ 23 cheque /tfek/ 35 cheque account /'tfek 3,kaunt/

35 chief executive officer (CEO)

/,tfirf 1g,zekjativ 'pfisa/ 9

chief financial officer /,t fixf

fat'nentfal pftsa/ 9

chief operating officer /,t fixf

‘ppareitin pfisa/ 9 Chinese walls /,t fami:z 'wa:lz/

40 churn out /tƒ3:n 'aot/ 16 circulate /'s3:kjaleit/ 5S classified advertisements

clock off /klpk'pf/ 2 clock on /klpk'pn/ 2 clock out /klpk aut/ 2 closing a deal /,klauziy a di:l/

66 code of conduct /,kaud av

‘kondakt/ 41 code of ethics /kaud av ‘eO1ks/

41 cold calls /,kauld 'ko:lz/ 24 collapse /ka'laps/ 33, 37 collateral /ka'letaral/ 32

combine /kpm'bain/ 34 come to a consensus /,kam tu:

a kan'sensas/ 58 commercial /ka'ma:fal/ 11, 36 commercial airline /ka,marJal

‘ealain/ 11 commercial artist /ka,ma:fal

‘artist/ 11 commercial disaster /ka,ma:fal di'zaista/ 11

commercial land /ka,m3:ƒal

‘lend/ 11 commercial paper /ka,ms3:fal

‘peipa/ 36 commercial television

/ka,mazfal ,telt'vizan/ 11 commission /ka'mifan/ 5

commodities /ka'mndatiz/ 36 commodities exchange

/ka'mpdat1z 1ks'tfernd3/ 36

common ground /,kpman

'graund/ 6Š commute /ka'mju:t/ 2 commuters /ka'mju:taz/ 2

company /‘kampoani/ 11, 45 company car /,kamponi'ka:/ 5 company hierarchy /,kampani

‘harorarki/ 7

company pension scheme

/ kamponi 'pentfen ski:m/