Đề thi HSG Tỉnh 2017 - 2018 đợt 2 (ngày thi 27.1.2018)

V i l t cac phuong trinh hoa hgc xay ra trong qua trinh thi nghiem va tinh ham lugng H2S trong khong khi thco ppm (so microgam chat trong 1 gam mau). Giam thi khdng giai thich gi them[r]

s d GIAO D y e VA DAO TAO

ViNH LONG

D E CHINH T H t r C

K Y T H I C H Q N H Q C S I N H G I O I T H P T C A P T I N H

N A M H Q C 2 0 1 7 - 2 0 1 8 Khoa thi ngay 21 thang 01 nam 2018

Mon thi: T I E N G A N H

Giam thi s o l : Giam thi so 2:

(Ky vd ghi rd hq vd ten)

Ho va ten thi sinh:

- Thi sinh Idm bdi true tiep tren de thi

- Thi sinh khong duac ky ten hay diing bat cu ky hieu gi de danh dau bdi thi

- Bdi thi duac viet rd rdng bang mot loai but, mot thu muc; khong duac viet bang muc do , but chi hoac hai thu muc

- Phdn viet hong phdi diing thudc gach bo, khong duac tay xda, ke cd dung but xda

s d GIAO DVC VA DAO T ^ O K Y THI C H Q N H Q C SINH GIOI T H P T C A P TINH

ViNH LONG N A M H Q C 2017 - 2018

Khoa thi ngay 21 thang 01 nam 2018

DE CHINH THlTC

(De thi gom c6 15 trang)

Mon thi: TIENC ANH Thdi gian : 180 phiit (khong ke thoi gian giao de) Chuky

Ciam khao 1

Chfl-ky Ciam khao 2

Hie&ng dSn thi Nghe hieu:

• 77?/ sinh c6 3 phitt de nghien ciht cac cdu hoi

• Bai nghe gom 3 phdn, moi phdn duoc nghe 2 Idn

• Bat ddu moi phdn deu cd thong bdo (bang tieng Anh)

• Bat ddu vd ket thuc phdn thi nghe Id doan nhgc

1 LISTENINC (5 points)

Part 1: Questions 1-8

You will hear a wildlife expert giving a talk to a group of bird lovers in the UK about a species called the Tawny Owl Complete the note below For questions 1-8, write ONE WORD ONLY You will hear the recording twice

• Sbort wings and (2) , for navigation

• Brown and (3) featbers, for camouflage

• Large eyes (more effective tban tbose of bumans), for good nigbt vision

• Very good spatial (4) , for predicting wbere prey migbt be found

• Excellent (5) , for locating prey from a percb

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Diet

• Main food is small mammals

• Owls In urban areas eat more (6)

Survival

• Two tbirds of young owls die witbin a (7)

• Owls don't disperse over long distances

• Owls seem to dislike flying over large areas of (8)

Part 2: Questions 9-17

You will hear part of a radio program in which the presenter is talking about the attractions of an

area For questions 9 to 17, fill in the missing information You will hear the recording twice

Part 3: Questions 18-25

You will hear part of an interview on a train with two friends, Jane and Chris, chefs who both won prizes in the National Railway Chef of the Year competition For questions 18 - 25, choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D You will hear the recording twice

18 What was Chris's attitude to the competition?

A He was worried about tbe quality of bis dishes

B He was afraid time migbt be a bit of a problem

C He admitted he'd been looking forward to challenge

D He said conditions were similar to bis normal routine

19 Jane admitted that tbe greatest problem she faced during tbe competition was having to

A work in a very small space

B be original when travelling at speed

C prepare a meal so quickly

D create a meal with so little money

20 What do both Chris and Jane feel is unique about their job?

A tbe close contact with tbe customers

B tbe necessity to do everything at tbe same time

C tbe opportunity to be creative

D tbe need to be focused on tbe Job

21 What do Chris and Jane feel about what they cook on board tbe train?

A They approve of tbe menus created for them |

B They consider themselves more adventurous tban other chefs

C They would like to have more freedom of choice

D They are happy to adapt their ideas to suit tbe job

22 Chris thought being a railway chef would suit bim mainly because it would enable bim to

A show bis ability to work under pressure

B use tbe skills be bad been trained for

C do something out of tbe ordinary

D satisfy bis love of traveling

23 What is often Jane's initial reaction when things spill over?

A She asks another member of staff to help her clear up

B She blames tbe train driver for tbe accident

C She tells herself to keep a closer watch next time

D She says nasty things to tbe other staff

24 What does Chris say caused bis worst disaster?

A leaving things to burn under tbe grill

B dropping tbe main cause on tbe floor

C losing bis concentration when cooking

D not keeping an eye on tbe oven temperature

25 How does Jane react to Chris's suggestion for tbe future?

A She's determined that she'll join bim if she can

B She's looking forward to a challenge of that kind

C She's afraid Chris wouldn't want her company

D She'd be unable to take part in that kind of activity

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II LEXICO AND GRAMMAR (4 points)

Part 1: Choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) to each of the following questions and write your answers (A, B, C, D) in the corresponding numbered boxes:

1 When Josh phoned, he sounded like he quite a shock

B had had C had been having

released at tbe end of next year

A on tbe verge of being B on tbe point of being C due to be

4 Fred Astaire is one of my favorite dancers and I love tbe way be seems to

A glide B march C skid

5 Scientists are predicting that tbe volcano migbt erupt so people have been

A escaped B emigrated C exported

6 Sending out e-mails that people haven't asked for to

'spamming'

A sufficient B widespread C countless

7 To be honest, Harry bas tban you have

A been more helpful considerably

B been considerably more helpful

8 Tbe play wasn't very good but it wasn't bad either

A Medium B Mediocre C Metric

C been more considerably helpful

D considerably been more helpful

, I'd say

D Mellow

9 My daughter is having trouble adjusting to

care package

A dorm life B adult life

at college I think I am going to send her a

10 My doctor

10 days

C social life D silence

once be found out that I bad a sinus infection I have to take them for

A experienced terrible heartburn

B prescribed an antibiotic

C took some blood

D ran some tests

11 You that film last week - it was only released yesterday

A mustn't have seen

B couldn't see

12 Mrs Davies asked me to tell you that she would like

A tbe orders sent

B that tbe orders sending

13 Written to be performed on a

England community

A stage scenery of bare

B bare of stage scenery

C didn't need to see

D can't have seen

by Friday at tbe latest

C tbe orders to send

D to sending tbe orders

, Thornton Wilder's play Our Town depicts life in a small New

C scenery bare of stage

D stage bare of scenery

14 A l l tbe novels we have studied this year have bad a man as tbe leading character It's about time we

bad a female

B antagonist

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A newly-employed sales assistant at a DIY store was (0) unexpectedly (EXPECT) sacked

after failing a computerized test, despite having performed so well that he was offered a promotion

However, Mr Filer had been promoted before tbe results of tbe company's psychometric test bad come

through I

Tbe ten-minute test presents (15) (APPLY) with statements including things like T

prefer to have close relationships outside work rather tban with fellow employees', and ' M y (16)

(PRODUCE) is higher tban others I work with'

Unfortunately, after accepting tbe promotion, be received (17) (NOTIFY) that

his efforts in tbe psychometric test bad been unsuccessful Although bis manager bad given bim

assurances that there would not be a problem, he was (18) (RULE) by tbe bead

office who insisted on Mr Filter's dismissal A company spokesperson insisted that their procedures

were fair and ensured consistency and (19) (OBJECT),' Mr Filter was eventually

escorted off tbe premises by security guards 'It is an (20) (ORDINARY) strange

way to run a company,' be commented

Your answers : 0 unexpectedly

On tbe nigbt of 21 October 1931, millions of Americans took part in a coast-to-coast ceremony to

commemorate tbe passing of a great man Lights (1) in homes and offices from New York

to California Tbe ceremony (2) tbe death of arguably tbe most important inventor of (3)

time: Thomas Alva Edison

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Few inventors have (4) such an impact on everyday life, and many of his inventions played

a crucial (5) in the development of modern technology One should never (6)

how revolutionary some of Edison's inventions were

In many ways, Edison is a perfect example of an inventor - that is, not just someone who (7)

up clever gadgets, but someone whose products transform tbe lives of millions He possessed tbe key

characteristics that an inventor needs to (8) a success of inventions, notably sheer

determination Edison famously tried thousands of materials while working on a new type of battery,

reacting to failure by cheerfully (9) to bis colleagues: 'Well, (10) we know

8,000 things that don't work.' Knowing when to take no (11) of experts is also important

Edison's proposal for electric lighting circuitry was (12) with total disbelief by eminent

scientists, until be lit up whole streets with bis lights

1 A turned out B came off C went out D put off

9 A announcing B informing C instructing D notifying

10 A by far B at least C even though D for all

Your answers here

Part 2 ; For questions 13-20 Read the following newspaper article about an expedition and choose the best answers (A, B, C or D) Write your answers (A, B, C, D) in the corresponding numbered boxes:

Tsunami

Tsunami is a Japanese word meaning "harbor wave" "Tsu" means harbor, while "nami" means wave

In tbe past, tsunamis were sometimes referred to as "tidal wave " or "seismic sea waves" But both are

misleading since tbe tidal waves are not related to tsunamis and most tsunamis are caused by

earthquake-related mechanisms

Tsunami is a series of travelling ocean waves of extreme long length generated by disturbances related

primarily to earthquakes occurring below or near tbe ocean floor Underwater volcanic eruptions and

landslides can also generate tsunamis When these earthquakes occur beneath tbe sea, tbe water above

tbe deformed area is displaced from its equilibrium position Waves are formed as tbe displaced water

mass, which acts under tbe influence of gravity, tries to regain its equilibrium When large areas of tbe

sea floor elevate or subside, a tsunami, which travels outward in all directions from tbe epicenter of an

earthquake, can be created

Tbe earth is made up of several pieces of bard rock called tectonic plates that fit together a bit like

jigsaw Oceanic plates are heavier tban continental plates and so they slide under tbe continental plates

Wbere this happens is called a subduction zone Tbere are subduction zones off Chile, Nicaragua,

Mexico and Indonesia, which are prone to earthquakes when tbe plates suddenly move against each

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other Subduction earthquakes, which are a series of violent waves, produce shaking that lasts for several minutes, and are particularly effective in generating tsunamis

On March 28, 1964, an earthquake occurred in Alaska triggering a Pacific-wide tsunami Tbe quake was accompanied by large vertical displacements over an approximate 200,000 square mile area along tbe source fault, much of this beneath Prince William Sound This vertical displacement generated a major tectonic tsunami that struck tbe southeast coast of Alaska, tbe Pacific Coast of British Columbia, and tbe west coast of tbe United States In addition to tbe tectonic tsunami, tbe violent shaking during tbe earthquake caused many large landslides and submarine slumps, which in turn produced destructive local tsunamis at many locations along tbe Alaskan coast Tbe earthquake bad a surface-wave magnitude of 8.4, an epicenter of 61.1° N , 147.5°W, and a depth of 23 km One of tbe waves reached a height of 31.7m above low tide Tbe waves destroyed two saw mills, tbe Alaska Railroad depot, and a small harbor Tbe death toll reached 106 and tbere was $84 million in damage

On December 26, 2004, another earthquake known as tbe Sumatra-Andaman earthquake occurred due

to an undersea earthquake which bad an epicenter off tbe west coast of Sumatra, Indonesia Tbe earthquake triggered a series of devastating tsunamis that spread throughout tbe Indian Ocean, inundating coastal communities across South and Southeast Asia, including parts of Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, and Thailand Tbe initial tsunami took a little over two hours to reach tbe teardrop-shaped island of Sri Lanka and additional waves continued to arrive for many hours afterward Estimates have put tbe worldwide death toll at 186,983 dead with 42,883 missing Tbe magnitude of tbe earthquake was between 9.1 and 9.3 At this magnitude, it is tbe second largest earthquake ever recorded on a seismograph Fishing villages have been wiped out and tourist resorts wrecked Sri Lanka's economy will be tbe hardest bit and Thailand's tourism industry will have to pick itself up again Tbe immediate impact on tbe Indian economy is seen as negligible, but overall South Asia's economies and markers are likely to suffer tbe most from tbe disaster i

In Hawaii, tbere are reportedly technical systems that allow countries in tbe Pacific to receive warnings well in advance of tsunamis reaching their shores In combination with well-developed infrastructure, it

is likely that tbe system would have saved many lives bad it been in operation When tbe earthquake struck off Sumatra, a monitoring system could have predicted tbe possibility of an approaching tsunami caused by tbe earthquake by measuring underwater sea currents Such a system can inform tbe relevant governments in tbe area around tbe Indian Ocean, and they can then warn their people to evacuate coastal areas Currently, implementing various measures for tsunami preparedness is a priority worldwide

13 What is tbe passage mainly about?

A How a tsunami is generated

B Tbe effects of tbe December 2004 tsunami

C How tsunamis work and tbe past tsunamis disasters

D Tbe difference between tsunamis and earthquakes

14 In paragraph I, what can be inferred about tsunamis?

A Tbe terms used in tbe past are regarded as misnomers

B Tsunamis are only caused by earthquakes

C Tbe meaning of Tsunami bas been changed over time

D Tsunamis usually occur along tbe harbor

15 According to paragraph 3, bow are subduction earthquakes generated?

A One slab of rock pushes below an overriding one

B Massive amounts of stored energy are released

C Two plates move in opposite directions

D Waves move through solid rock and fluids

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16 Which of the following is not mentioned as the causes of tsunamis in the passage?

A Tidal waves B Earthquakes C Volcanic eruptions D Landslides

17 What is implied about tidal waves in tbe passage?

A Most people mistakenly believe a tsunami is caused by a tidal wave

B Most tsunamis are generated by tidal waves

C Tidal waves and gravity play an important role in generating tsunamis

D Tidal waves and seismic energy combined generate tsunamis

18 Which of tbe following does tbe author not explain about tsunamis in Alaska and in Asia?

A Tbe casualties C Impact on politics

B Tbe magnitude of tbe earthquake D Tbe location wbere tbe earthquake occurred

19 What is NOT expected if an earthquake occurs in Hawaii in tbe future?

A Fewer losses of lives are expected C Advance warnings are expected

B Rapid evacuation is expected D Better infrastructure is expected

20 Why does tbe author mention tbe countries Sri Lanka and Thailand in tbe passage?

A To illustrate that tbe countries were badly damaged by tbe earthquake in 2004

B To suggest that economic slumps have been deepened by several factors

C To explain that tbe countries have better warning systems for tsunamis

D To say that these countries will not be affected by tsunamis any longer

Write your answers here

Part 3: Questions 21-34 are based on the reading passage below

The Future of fish

Tbe face of tbe ocean bas changed completely since tbe first commercial fishers cast their nets and books over a thousand years ago Fisheries intensified over tbe centuries, but even by tbe nineteenth century it was still felt, justifiably, that tbe plentiful resources of tbe sea were for tbe most part beyond tbe reach of fishing, and so tbere was little need to restrict fishing or create protected areas Tbe twentieth century heralded an escalation in fishing intensity that is unprecedented in tbe history of tbe oceans, and modern fishing technologies leave fish no place to bide Today, tbe only refuges from fishing are tbose we deliberately create Unhappily, tbe sea trails far behind tbe land in terms of tbe area and tbe quality of protection given

For centuries, as fishing and commerce have expanded, we have held onto tbe notion that tbe sea is different from tbe land We still view it as a place wbere people and nations should be free to come and

go at will, as well as somewhere that should be free for us to explore Perhaps this is why we have been

so reluctant to protect tbe sea On land, protected areas have proliferated as human populations have grown Here, compared to tbe sea, we have made greater headway in our struggle to maintain tbe richness and variety of wildlife and landscape Twelve percent of tbe world's land is now contained in protected areas, whereas tbe corresponding figure for tbe sea is but three-fifths of one percent Worse still, most marine protected areas allow some fishing to continue Areas off-limits to all exploitation cover something like one five-thousandth of tbe total area of tbe world's seas

Today, we are belatedly coming to realize that 'natural refuges' from fishing have played a critical role

in sustaining fisheries, and maintaining healthy and diverse marine ecosystems This does not mean that marine reserves can rebuild fisheries on their own - other management measures are also required for that However, places that are off-limits to fishing constitute tbe last and most important part of our

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package of reform for fisheries management They underpin and enhance all our other efforts There

are limits to protection though I

Reserves can not bring back what bas died out We can never resurrect globally extinct species, and restoring locally extinct animals may require reintroductions from elsewhere, i f natural dispersal from remaining populations is insufficient We are also seeing, in cases such as northern cod in Canada, that fishing can shift marine ecosystems into different states, wbere different mixes of species prevail In many cases, these species are less desirable, since tbe prime fishing targets have gone or are much reduced in numbers, and changes may be difficult to reserve, even with a complete moratorium on fishing Tbe Mediterranean sailed by Ulysses, tbe legendary king of ancient Greece, supported abundant monk seals, loggerhead turtles and porpoises Their disappearance through bunting and overfishing bas totally restructured food webs, and recovery is likely to be much harder to achieve tban their destruction was This means that tbe sooner we act to protect marine life, tbe more certain will be our success

To some people, creating marine reserves is an admission of failure According to their logic, reserves should not be necessary if we have done our work properly in managing tbe uses we make of tbe sea Many fisheries managers are still wedded to tbe idea that one day their models will work, and politicians will listen to their advice Just give tbe approach time, and success will be theirs How much time have we got? This approach bas been tried and refined for at last 50 years Tbere have been few successes with which to feather tbe managers' cap, but growing litany of failure Tbe Common Fisheries Policy, tbe European Union's instrument for tbe management of fisheries and aquaculture, exemplifies tbe worst pitfalls: flawed models, flawed advice, watered-down recommendations from government bureaucrats and then tbe disregard of much of this device by politicians When it all went wrong, as it inevitably bad to, Europe sent its boats to other countries in order to obtain fish for far less

tban they were actually worth I

We are squandering tbe wealth of oceans If we don't break out of this cycle of failure, humanity will lose a key source of protein, and much more besides Disrupting natural ecosystem processes, such as water purification, nutrient cycling, and carbon storage, could have ramifications for human life itself

We can go a long way to avoiding this catastrophic mistake with simple common sense management Marine reserves lie at tbe heart of tbe reform But they will not be sufficient if they are implemented only here and tbere to shore up tbe crumbling edifice of tbe 'rational fisheries management' envisioned

by scientists in tbe 1940s and 1950s They have to be placed centre stage as a fundamental underpinning for everything we do in tbe oceans Reserves are a first resort, not a final resort when all else fails

Questions 21 -25

Do tbe following statements agree with tbe information given in tbe reading passage

In the boxes 21-25 write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

21 It is more tban a thousand years since people started to catch fish for commercial use

22 In general, open access to tbe oceans is still regarded as desirable

23 Sea fishing is now completely banned in tbe majority of protected areas

24 People should be encouraged to reduce tbe amount of fish they eat

25 Tbe re-introduction of certain mammals to tbe Mediterranean is a straightforward task

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Write your answers here

Questions 26 -28

CIRCLE the correct answer, A, B, C or D

26 What does the writer mean with the question, "How much time have we got?" in the fifth

paragraph?

A Fisheries policies are currently based on uncertain estimates

B Accurate predictions will allow governments to plan properly

C Fisheries managers should provide clearer information

D Action to protect fish stocks is urgently needed

27 What is tbe writer's comment on tbe Common Fisheries Policy?

A Measures that it advocated were hastily implemented

B Officials exaggerated some of its recommendations

C It was based on predictions which were inaccurate

D Tbe policy makers acquired a good reputation

28 What is tbe writer's conclusion concerning tbe decline of marine resources?

A Tbe means of avoiding tbe worst outcomes needs to be prioritized

B Measures already taken to avoid a crisis are probably sufficient

C Tbe situation is now so severe that tbere is no likely solution

D It is no longer clear which measures would be most effective

Questions 29 - 34

Complete the summary using the list of words/phrases, A-J, below Write the letters (A-J) in the given

spaces I

Measures to protect the oceans

Up till tbe twentieth century tbe world's supply of fish was sufficient for its needs It was unnecessary

to introduce (29) of any kind, because large areas of tbe oceans were inaccessible

However, as (30) improved, this situation changed, and in tbe middle of tbe twentieth

century, policies were introduced to regulate (31)

These policies have not succeeded Today, by comparison with (32) , tbe oceans have

very little legal protection

Despite tbe doubts that many officials have about tbe concept of (33) , these should be at

tbe heart of any action taken These consequences of further (34) are very serious, and

may even affect our continuing existence

E fishing processing F fishing techniques G large boats

H marine reserves Ithe land J the past

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Part 4: You are going to read an extract from a magazine article Six paragraphs have been

removed from the extract Choose from the paragraphs A-G the one which fits each gap (35-40)

There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use

How to have a conversation

Is conversation a dying art, struck down by text, email and messaging? And do we really need to be

taught how to talk to each other? I enrolled in a class at the School of Life, and academy of 'self-help',

to find out The topic was 'How to have a conversation'

35 I

I had arrived about twenty minutes early but tbe

rest of tbe class was already tbere One woman

kindly invited me into her circle She was

finding it bard to have meaningful

relationships Technology was partly to blame:

"Sometimes you feel tbe smart phone is like a

third person," she said Another new

acquaintance agreed and described bow

immediate access to Google bad blocked off

avenues of conversation with her boy friend

"Before we would argue about this or that but

now we just look it up on Wikipedia," she said

36 I ~

My classmates also spoke of more personal

reasons for their attendance A n IT worker in

her fifties bas found that her conversations with

her husband "wandered" and wanted to learn

ways to become a better partner A man in bis

late twenties said be wanted to have fewer rows

with bis girlfriend

37 I ~

Our discussion was interrupted by tbe arrival of

our teacher, Cathy Haynes Haynes flicked to

tbe first slide in her Power Point presentation

and we sat attentively as she talked about bow

tbe nature of conversation bad changed over tbe

past 300 years

38 I

After an enjoyable ten minutes spent chatting to

my classmates and discovering more about

their motives for joining tbe class, we were told

to retake our seats Haynes continued her Power Point presentation, as king us to reflect

on a Rene Magritte painting, a comedy sketch and a book about marriage A i l of these examples were a means to an end and to avoid stereotyping tbe other person

39 I ~

Then it was time to put some of these ideas into practice In groups, we bad to try our ideas for unusual openings A man in bis early twenties, who joked that be bad thought of this before, suggested as a chat-up line: "Tell me something

I want to know." A more challenging opener came from another group member: "If you were coming to tbe end of your life, what would you have wanted to have achieved?"

40 I ~

Despite our excellent teacher, I suspect tbe class was too abstract to be useful Nearly three-quarters of tbe session were spent listening to theories of conversation Genuine discussions were stopped in mid-flow, with tbe class asked to return its attention to tbe presentation Tbere was a touching eagerness to share ideas but frustration grew as our time ran out What I suspect my classmates bad hoped to find was that most basic thing: human connection But I doubt tbe class bad made this any more available

A These aims seemed disappointingly unambitious to me I bad hopes of becoming a witty and

intellectual conversationalist But none of my new friends shared this desire It was tbe simple

act of talking and listening that my classmates sought

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B Some useful advice followed on the six ways to have better conversation" These according to

school, are: (1) Be curious about others (2) Take off your mask (3) Empathize with others (4)

Get behind the job title (5) Use adventurous openings (6) Have courage

C Haynes went on to explain that tbe Enlightenment was tbe age of conversation, when ladies and

gentlemen in English dining rooms and French salons could become famous through eloquence

alone 1

D Then we were told to break off into pairs and answer tbe question: Which three words describe

your conversations with (1) friends, (b) family, (c) colleagues? My partner said banter, sacrifice

and sporadic were tbe words be would use to describe ail three types of conversation Before I

bad a chance to share my three words, it was time for a break

E Tbere was general unease about bow email, instant messaging and texting bad crept into tbe

space formerly occupied by conversation "What was tbe point," asked a young man, "of asking

bow someone's day was when you've been emailing them from tbe office?"

F After this enjoyable burst of role play Haynes put up a slide that said: What conversation are

you not having? and then it was ail over Once tbe class structure bad been dismantled,

conversation seemed to dwindle

G Tbe basics of this were first described by tbe ancient Roman writer Cicero, which can be

summarized as follows: speak clearly, do not interrupt, be courteous, never criticize people

behind their backs, stick to subjects of general interest, do not talk about yourself and, above ail,

never lose your temper

IV WRITING (5 points)

Part 1: Complete tbe second sentence so that it bas a similar meaning to tbe first sentence, using tbe

word given Do not change the word given You must use between three and eight words, including

tbe word given

1 Tbe suggestion to increase tbe entrance fee at tbe disco came from Tony,

should

It was Tony increased at tbe disco

2 It is as yet unclear whether a new sports center is being planned or not

seen I

ft are any plans for a new sports center or not

3 Tbe twins are so alike that most people find it bard to distinguish them,

difference |

The twins are so alike that not many people them

4 Unfortunately, Katie bas decided to withdraw from tbe competition,

pull

Unfortunately, Katie bas made up tbe competition

5 Most people are more aware of other people's faults tban they are of their own

identify

Most people are they are tbose of others

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Part 2: The flow chart illustrates the consequences of deforestation Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features

Write your answer to the task in at least 150 words

micro-organisms feeding on waste lost

pioneer species move

in, vegetation is spoilt

plans return less moisture to air

soil becomes hard and

Part 3: Write an essay about 250 words on the following topic

Some say that because many people are living much longer, the age at which people retire from work should be raised considerably

To what extent do you agree or disagree? '

Provide specific reasons and examples to support your opinion

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15 applicants 16 productivity 17 notification

18 overruled 19 objectivity 20 extraordinarily

111 R E A D I N G (0.1 X 40 = 4 points) Parti:

I

IV WRITING (5 points)

who/that suggested that the entrance fee should be increased at the disco

1 It was Tony

2 It remains to be seen whether there are any plans for a new sports center or not

3 The twins are so alike that not many people can tell/see the/any difference between

them I

4 Unfortunately, Katie has made up her mind to pull out of the competition

5 Most people are less able to identify their own faults than they are those of others

Part 2: (2 points)

- Task achievement (0.5)

(e.g requirement of the task, overview of main trends, differences or stages, purpose, highlights key

features/bullet points)

- Coherence and cohesion (0.5)

(e.g logically organizes information and ideas, progression, cohesive devices)

- Lexical resource (0.5)

(e.g range of vocabulary, word choice, spelling, lexical items)

- Grammatical range and accuracy (0.5)

(e.g range of structures, simple and complex structures, error free sentences)

Part 3: (2 points)

- Task response (0.5)

(e.g addresses parts of tbe task, position, main ideas, supporting ideas, conclusion drawn)

- Coherence and cohesion (0.5)

(e.g logically organizes information and ideas, progression, cohesive devices, central topic witbin each

paragraph, referencing, paragraphing)

- Lexical resource (0.5)

(e.g range of vocabulary, word choice, spelling, uncommon lexical items, awareness of style and

collocation)

- Grammatical range and accuracy (0.5)

(e.g range of structures, simple and complex structures, error free sentences)

— H E T ~

sd GIAO D V C V A D A O T A O K Y THI CHQN H Q C SINH G i d l C A P THPT V O N G T i N H

J VINH L O N G N A M H Q C 2017 - 2018

Mon thi: T O A N

Thai gian lam bai: 180 phut (khong ke thai gian giao de)

Ngay thi: Sang 21/01/2018

DE CHINH THlTC

Bai 1 (3.0 diem) Cho ham s6 y = x^ ~ f ' " ^ ^ ^2"^^ ^° ^^""^ ^^^^ ^™

tit ca gia tri thuc cua tham so m de d6 thi ( C „ ) c6 hai d i l m cue tri la ^ va 5 sao cho dudng thang AB vuong goc dudng thing d :y = x

x+dx-]

Bai 2 (3.0 diem) Giai phuong trinh 2''^^ -9.2 2 + 2^^^ = 0 vdi x e R

Bai 3 (4.0 diem) Cho hinh lang tru ABC.A'B'C bilt tam giac + 5 C l a tam giac can,

AB = BC = 3a, AC^2a Cac mat phing (B'AB),(B'AC),(B'BC) cung tao vdi mat

phing (ABC) mot goc 60°

a) Goi H la hinh chilu vuong goc cua B' tren mat phing (.4J5C) Chung minh H

la tam dudng trdn noi tilp tam giac ABC

h) Tinh thi tich khdi lang tru ABC.A'B'C theo a

4sin''x-i-4cos

Bai 4 (3.0 diem) Giai phuong trinh

X

4 cos2x

- 1

^ = 2

Bai 5 (4.0 diem) Cho x,y la hai so thuc thoa man dieu kien 2x^ + 2>'^ - xy = 1 Tim gia

tri ion nhit va gia tri nho nhit cua h i l u thuc P = 7 (x"* + y"*) + 4x^y^

Bai 6 (3.0 diem) Cho ABCD la hinh binh hanh tam O, d i l m I thuoc doan thdng OC

(diem / khong trung vdi d i l m O va d i l m C ) Dudng thdng BI Ian lugt cit cac dudng

thang CD va AD tai P, E sao cho BI = PE Chung minh rdng

AD AE

H E T

- Thi sinh khong dugc su dung may tinh cam tay va tai lieu

- Giam thi khong giai thich gi them

SOf G I A O D V C V A D A O T A O K Y T H I C H Q N H Q C S I N H G I O I C A P T H P T V Q N G T I N H

HlTOiNG D A N C H A M MON T O A N (Buoi sang)

Bai 1 Cho ham s6 y = mx^ +-m^ c6 d6 thi (C„) (m la tham s6) Tim tkt ca gia tri thuc

cua tham s6 m dk db thi (C„) c6 hai dilm cue tn la A\aB sao cho dudng thing AB vuong goc dudng thang d:y = x I

Bai 2 Giai phuang trinh: 2'^' -9.2 ^ + 2^*^"^ = 0 vdi x e M

Bai 3 Cho hinh lang tru ABC.A'B'C bilt tam giac ABC la tam giac can, AB ^ BC = 3a, AC = 2a

Cac mat phing {B'AB),{B'AC),{B'BC) cung tao vdi mSt phing {ABC) mgt goc 60°

a) Goi H la hinh chilu ciia B' tren mat phing [ABC) Chiing minh H la tam ducmg

tron noi tiep tam giac ABC \

b) Tinh thi tich khii iSng Xm ABC.A'B'C _

a) Ggi M, N, P lin lugt la hinh chieu ciia H tren AC,

Ta CO goc giua (B'AC) va (BAC) la goc B'MH

Tuong tu ta c6 B'MH = B'NH = B'PH = 60°

AB va BC

1.0

Do do AB'MH = AB'NH = SB'PH ^ HM = HN ^ HP

Vay H la tam dudng trdn noi tiep tam giac ABC 1.0

b) Theo cong thiic S^^^ = 2V2o^

Mat khac S^,, =pr^r = HM = ^ ^ = =

p da 2

1.0

Tam giac vuong B'HM cd B'H = HM.taneo" =^.yf3 = ^

Tir dd V,,c ,.,.c = S^,c.B'H^ 2A2a\^ = 2V3a' ( dvtt)

<=>(!- cos 2x)^ + (1 + sin 2x)^ -1 = 2 cos 2x

o 2 - 2 c o s 2 x 4 - 2 s i n 2 x = 2cos2x

o 2cos2x-sin2x = 1

<=> 2(cos^ X - sin^ x) - (cos x + sin x)^ = 0

o (cos X + sin x)(cos x - 3 sin x) = 0

K i t hgp vdi dilu kien phuong trinh da cho cd nghiem la x = arctan + (A: G Z) 0.5

Bai 5 Cho x, y la hai so thuc thoa man dilu kien: 2x^ + 2y^ - xy = 1 Tim gia tri Idn nhit va gia

tri nho nhit ciia hieu thuc: P = 7(x"+y") + 4 x V

1 = 2x^ + 2y^ - xy = 2(x + yf - 5xy > -5xy => xy > - - 0.5

1 = 2x^ + 2y^ - xy = 2(x - yf + 3xy >3xy=>xy<-j=>—j<xy<^ 0.5

33 33 25 5

0.5 Ket luan

Bai 6

Cho ABCD la hinh binh hanh tam O, dilm / thuoc doan thing OC Dudng thing BI l i n luot

cit cac dudng thSng CD va AD tai P, E sao cho BI = PE Chung minh rang — ^ i

s d GIAO DVC V A DAO TAO KY THI CHQN HQC SINH GIOI THPT CAP TiNH

Khoa thi ngay 21 thang 01 nam 2018

Mon thi: Vat ly

Thdi gian: 180 phiit (khong ki thai gian giao de)

Budi thi thir nhat: sang 21/01/2018

(DI thi cd 02 trang, gdm 05 cau)

1 K h i luc keo F=120N vdi gdc a =60° thi khdi hop chuyen ddng thing deu

a Xac dinh va ve hinh cac luc tac dung vao khdi hop

b Tinh he sd ma sat trugt p

2 K h i gdc a =30° thi gia tdc chuyen ddng ciia vat bing bao nhieu?

Cau 2: (4,00 diem)

Mot lugng khi Heli (p = 4) cd khdi lugng m=lg Ban dau cd nhiet dg t, =127°C va the tich la 4 lit, dugc bidn doi qua 2 giai doan:

- D i n g nhiet, the tich tang gip hai l i n

- D i n g ap, thd tich trd v l gia tri ban diu

1 Xac dinh cac thdng sd trang thai va ve dd thi hieu dien cac qua trinh bien ddi trong

he tga dd (p,T) Cho R = 0,082atm f/mol.dd

2 Tim nhiet dd va ap suit thip nhit trong qua trinh bien doi

Cau 3: (4,00 diem)

Vat sang A B dugc dat vudng gdc vdi true chinh cua mot thau kinh hoi tu L i A n h A j B i

cho bdi L i la anh that, each A B 90cm va cao gip ddi A B Dat them thiu kinh phan ky Lj

trong khoang giua A B va L i sao cho hai true chinh trung nhau, hai quang tam each nhau

£ = 10cm A n h cudi cung cua A B cho bdi he thau kinh d vd cung

1 Xac dinh tieu cu ciia L i va La

2 G i u nguyen vi tri ciia A B , doi cho hai thiu kinh L i va La Xac dinh vi tri ciia anh sau cung

Cau 4: (3,50 diem)

Cho hai dien tich d i l m qi=16|a,C va qa = -64 p C Ian lugt dat tai hai diem A va B trong chan khdng each nhau 100cm Xac dinh vec ta luc dien trudng tong hgp tac dung len dien tich dilm qo=4 | i C dat tai:

1 D i l m M : A M = 60cm, B M = 40cm

2 D i l m N : A N = 60cm, B N = 80cm

Trang 1

L , r -UOTTO9N-

Cau 5: (5,00 diem)

Cho mach dien xoay chieu nhu hinh ben Hieu dien the

xoay chieu hai d i u mach c6 b i l u thuc: UAB = Uo-coslOOTit (V),

bo qua dien tra cac day ndi Cac hieu dien the hieu dung: UAN = 300 (V), UMB = 60N/3 (V)

Hieu dien thd tuc thdi UAN lech pha so vdi UMB mot goc Cugn day cd he sd txjc cam

L = - T = (H) vdi dien trd r, dien dung cua tu dien C =^-^^ (p)

1 Tinh dien trd r Vidt bidu thuc hieu dien thd tuc thdi giua hai didm A N

2 Thay ddi R ddn khi cdng suit tidu thu trdn no cue dai Tinh gia tri cua R luc nay

H i t

HQC sinh khong duac su dung tai lieu

- Giam thi khong gidi thich gi them

Trang 2

SOf GIAO DVC VA DAO TAO

VINH LONG

DE C H I N H T H V C

KY THI CHON HQC SINH GIOI THPT CAP XiNH

* NAM HQC 2017-2018 Khoa thi ngay 21 thang 01 nam 2018

Mon thi: Vat ly

Thdi gian: 180 phut (khong ke thai gian giao de)

Bu6i thi thu nhat: sang 21/01/2018

H L T O N G D A N CHAM Can 1: (3,50 diem)

Mot kh6i hop c6 khoi lugng m = 20 kg dugc keo chuyin dong tren mSt san nkm ngang bdi lire F,

hgp vol phuang ngang mgt goc a He s6 ma sat trugt gida vat vdi san la p Cho g = 10 m/s^

1 Khi luc keo F=120N va goc a =60° thi khdi hop chuyen ddng thing dIu

a Xac djnh va ve hinh cac luc tac dung vao khdi hop

b Tmh he so ma sat trugt p

2 Khi gdc a =30° thi gia tdc chuyin ddng ciia vat bing bao nhieu?

1 a Cac luc tac dung len vat: Luc keo F , trgng luc p ,

phan luc Q ciia mSt san, va luc ma sat Fn

b Theo djnh luat 11 Niu ton:

Khi luc keo F hgp vdi phuang ngang 1 gdc 60° thi vat chuyen ddng thang deu nen

a=0, thay (2) vao (3) ta dugc:

F.cosa - p(mg - F.sina) = 0 Fcosg

0,50 d 0,50d

1,00 d

Cau 2: (4,00 diem)

Mgt lugng khi Heli (p = 4) cd khdi lugng m=lg Ban diu cd nhiet do t, =127°C va thi tich la

4 lit, dugc biln ddi qua 2 giai doan:

- Ding nhiet, thi tich tang gap hai Ian

- Dang ap, the tich trd v l gia tri ban dau

1 Xac dinh cac thdng sd trang thai va ve do thi bllu dien cac qua trinh blln doi trong he toa dg(p,T)

1 Vedd thi

- Trang thai 1: (p, ""^^^ - 2,05 atm Vi= 4 / , Ti = 400K)

Trang 1

- Trang thai II: (p2, ¥2= 2Vi= 8 ^, T2 = Ti= 400K)

- Trang thai III: (ps = p2, V3= Vi= 4 ^, T3)

D6 thj nhu hinh ben

b Nhiet do va ap suit thap nhat trong qua trinh bien doi

Tren do thj ta thay Pmin = P2 Xet qua trinh ding nhiet (1 )-(2) ta c6: ,

PiV, = P2V2 => P2 = PiV, 1 '1 _ = 1,025 atm

=>Pmin = P2= 1,025 atm

Tren do thj ta thay Tmin = T3

xet qua trinh ding ap (2) -(3) ta c6:

1 Xac djnh tieu cu ciia Li va L2

2 010 nguyen vj tri ciia A B , ddi cho hai thiu kinh Li va L2 Xdc djnh vj tri cua anh sau cimg

1 Tieu cu ciia thau kinh Li va L2

a Khi chua dat them L2, Vat AB qua Li cho anh A i B i Khidd: d, = A , A - d , =90-d,

Mat khac: k = - i - = -^^51^ = -2

d, d,

^ d, = 30cm va d', = 60cm ct> f - _ i ^ = 2 0 c m

d,+d,

b Khi dat them thiu kinh L2

0,25d 0,25d 0,50d 0,50 d

Ta cd so do tao anh: A B ^ ^ A B , — 5 ^ A , B

d, d; dj dj

'•2^2 Tir dilu kien bai toan ta dugc di = 30 -10 = 20cm

0,25d 0,25d 0,50d

0,25d

Trang 2

d2=dl==o 0,25d

0,25d

Cau 4: (3,50 diem)

Cho hai dien tich dilm qi=16 | i C va q2 = -64 p C lin luot dat tai hai dilm A va B trong chan

khong each nhau 100cm Xac dinh vec to luc dien trudng ting hgp tac dung len dien tich dilm

qo=4|jC dat tai:

Cho mach dien xoay chieu nhu hinh ben Hieu dien thi xoay ^ ^ L , r ^

chieu hai dau mach cd hieu thdc: U A B = Uo.sinl007rt (V), bd qua • C Z Z Z > ^ j j - « ( J ^

j dien trd cac day ndi Cac hieu dien thi hieu dung: UAN = 300 (V),

UMB = 60N/3 (V) Hieu dien thi tuc thdi UAN lech pha so vdi UMB mgt gdc — Cugn day cd he s6 tu

cam L = —7= (H) vdi dien trd r, dien dung ciia tu dien C =—'• (F)

Trang 3

1

2

Tinh dien tra r Vilt bieu thuc hieu dien the tdc thdi gida hai diem A, N

Thay doi R din khi cdng suit tieu thu tren no c\rc dai Tinh gia trj ciia R liic nay

Vay : Z L ( Z C - Z L ) = r.(R + r), hay: U^CUc - U J = U , ( U R + U,) (1)

Mat khac: U ^ N = (U, + U R )' + U ^ (2)

Bilu thiic UAN:

- Ta cd: uAN = UOANCOS(1 OOrit + (p^^N) •

+ Bien dd: UOAN = 300V2 (V)

+ Pha ban diu:

9UAN = <Pi + 9AN = 9U - 9 + 9AN = - 9 + (PAN

Z, - Z p Ma: tg(p = C, ^

(13)

Trang 4

2 Cong suat tieu thu tren R :

0,25 d

0,50d

Chii v: - N6u hoc sinh lam theo each khac diing van cho dii s6 dilm

- NIU hoc sinh lam sai don vi, hoac khdng cd don vi thi trir 0,25d nhung khdng qua 2ian/cau

Trang 5

sd G I A O D U G V A D A O T A O K Y T H I C H Q N H O C S I N H G I O I T H P T C A P T i N H , V i N H L O N G N A M H Q C 2017-2018

I Khoa thi ngay 21 thang 01 nam 2018

D E C H I N H T H l T C Mon thi: H O A H Q C (BUOI S A N G )

Thdi gian: 180 phut (khdng ke thai gian giao de)

D I thi C O 02 trang, g6m 06 cau

Cho: , i N a , „ C 1 , ,3A1, , N , gO, 9F, ^ K , j^S, ^ A r , ^^Ca, jjMg, ^C, ^^Ca, ggBr, ^^Ve, ^Be

Na = 23, K = 39, Ca = 40, M g = 24, Cu = 64, Fe = 56, Pb = 207, Zn = 65, A l = 27, Ba=137, A g = 108, Cr=52, M n =55, C = 12, H = 1, O = 16, CI = 35,5, S = 32, N = 14, Br= 80,1 = 127 , Be = 9

H3PO4 - i ° U K 2 H P O 4 (10)

^ K H 2 P O 4

1.2 Chit (X) tao tu 3 nguyen t l (A), (B), (C) co cong thiic phan tii la A B C T6ng s6 hat co ban

trong phan tii (X) la 82, trong do so hat mang dien nhilu hon s6 hat khong mang dien la 22 Hieu s6 k h I i ciia (B) va (C) gap 10 l i n s6 k h I i cua (A) T6ng so k h I i cua (B) va (C) g i p 27 l i n s6 khoi ciia (A) Xac djnh s6 khdi ciia (A), (B), (C)

1.3 Can bang cac phan ling oxi hoa khii theo phuong phap thang bSng electron:

a) CrjSj + Mn(N03)2 + NazCOj ^ Na2Cr04 + Na2S04 + Na2Mn04 + N O + CO2

b) FCxOy + H2SO4 ^ Fc2(S04)3 + SO2 + H2O

C a u 2 (2,0 diem):

2.1 Neu hien tugng va v i l t phuong trinh phan ung xay ra dang ion trong cac thi nghiem sau:

' a) Cho tu tu d i n du dung dich H C l vao dung dich chua N a A l G j (hoac Na[Al(0H)4]j

b) Cho dung dich H2SO4 loang vao dung dich

Fc(N03)2-I c) Cho FC3O4 tac dgng voi dung dich HFc(N03)2-I du

d) Sue khi CI2 den du vao dung djch Br2

2.2 Nguyen t l luu huynh tao thanh voi flo hgp chit SFn, trong do n co gia trj cue dai Dua vao

c i u hinh electron ciia S d l tim gia tri do V i l t cong thuc c i u tao, cong thiic electron ciia SFn Cac obitan nguyen tii trung tam S lai hoa kieu gi? Dang hinh hgc ciia SFn?

C a u 3 (4,0 diem)

3.1 Co 5 khi (A), (B), (C), (D), (E)

I - K h i (A) dugc dieu c h i bSng each dun nong K M n 0 4

- K h i (B) dugc dieu che bang each cho K M n 0 4 tac dung voi dung dich H C l

- Khf (C) thu dugc bang each dot chay hoan toan quang CuFcS2 trong oxi

- K h i (D) dugc d i l u c h i bSng each cho quang sit FCS2 tac dung voi dung djch H C l

- K h i (E) dugc d i l u c h i h i n g each dun nong b i n Ca(0H)2 va NH4CI

a) Hay v i l t phuong trinh hoa hgc ciia cac phan ung tao thanh cac khi (A), (B), (C), (D), (E)? b) Cho cac khi (A), (B), (D), (E) l i n luot tac dung voi nhau timg doi mgt, truong hgp nao c6

phan ling xay ra? V i l t phuong trinh hoa hgc ciia cac phan ung va ghi ro d i l u kien (nlu c6)

3.2 Thiiy phan hoan toan 2,475 gam halogenua ciia photpho ngudi ta thu dugc b i n hgp 2 axit (axit ciia photpho vdi so oxi hoa tuong ling va axit khdng chiia oxi ciia halogen) D I trung hoa

hoan toan b i n hgp nay c i n dung 45 ml dung dich N a O H 2 M X a c dinh cong thiic ciia halogenua

do

H S G Hoa hgc Dai cuong - V d C O 1/2

4.2 D I xac dinh ham lugng khi doc H2S trong khong khi ngudi ta lam thi nghiem nhu sau: Lay

50 lit khong khi n h i l m khi H2S (D = 1,29 g/lit) cho di qua thiet bi phan tich co chua dung dich CdS04 du Sau do axit hoa toan bg hon hgp thu dugc va cho tat ca luong H2S sinh ra hap thu het vao Ing dung 10 ml dung dich I2 0,015 M Lugng I2 du tac dung vua dii vdi 12,5 ml dung dich

Na2S203 0,008 M V i l t cac phuong trinh hoa hgc xay ra trong qua trinh thi nghiem va tinh ham

lugng H2S trong khong khi thco ppm (so microgam chat trong 1 gam mau) Biet 1 ppm = 10'" g Cau 5 (3,0 diem):

5.1 Cho 18,4 gam N2O4 vao binh chan khong dung tich khong d l i 5,904 lit 0 27°C, xay ra phan ung: N2O4 (k) 2 N O 2 (k)

Luc can bSng ap suit trong binh la 1,0 atm

a) Tinh ap suit rieng p h i n m i l khi luc can bSng

b) Tinh dg phan l i a cua N2O4 d 27°C

c) Tinh h i n g s i can b i n g Kp cua phan ung 0 400K chip nhan hieu ung nhiet cua phan ung

khong d l i trong khoang nhiet do khao sat va b i n g 58,04 kJ K i t qua thu dugc co phu hgp v d i nguyen ly L c Chatclicr khong? Giai thich

Gia su A H ° khong thay d l i trong khoang nhiet dg nghien cuu Cho phuong trinh Van't Hoff:

5.2 Tantan (Ta) co k h I i lugng rieng la 16,7 g/cm', k i t tinh thco mang lap phuong vdi canh

cua 6 mang co sd la 3,32A

a) Trong moi 6 co sd do co bao nhieu nguyen tu Ta?

b) Tantan k i t tinh thco k i l u mang lap phuong nao? Cho Mja ^ 180,95 g/mol, cho NA=

6,023.10"

Cau 6 (2,5 diem):

Hon hgp (X) gom Fc va mgt k i m loai M co hoa tri khong doi H o a tan hoan toan 3,3 gam (X) trong dung dich H C l du thu dugc 2,9568 lit khi d 27,3°C va latm Mat khac cung hoa tan hoan toan 3,3 gam (X) trong dung dich H N O 3 I M l i y du 10% thu dugc 896 ml b i n hgp khi ( Y )

g i m N 2 O va N O (dktc) co ti k h I i hoi so vdi hon hgp (T) g i m N O va C2H6 la 1,35 va mgt dung djch (Z) B i l t R = 0,082

a) Xac dinh M va tinh % k h I i lugng cac k i m loai trong (X)

b) Tinh t h i tich H N O 3 da su dung

H E T

- Thi sinh khdng dugc sii dung tai lieu Giam thi khdng giai thich gi them

- Thi sinh khdng dugc su dung bang tuan hoan va bang tinh tan

H S G Hoa hgc Dai cuong - V6 co 2/2

CI2 + 2NaOH -> N a Q + NaClO + H2O

G o i s6 proton, natron cua A , B , C Ian lugt la Z A , ZB, ZC, N A , N B , N C

Thco dft kien d l bai ta c6 he 4 phuang trinh nhu sau

b) Tao khi khong mau, hoa nau trong khong khi

4H" + 3Fe'" + N O , -+3Fe'^+ N O + 2H2O

c) Fe304 tan, tao ket tua

Fe304+ 8 H " + 2 r >3Fe'^+ ^ + 4H2O

d) mat mau dung dich B TI

CI2+ 5Br2+ 6H2O- -+10HBrO3+ 2HC1

.0,25a 0,25a

.0,25a 0,25a 0,25a 0,25a

V i S C O cac obitan t r i n g a phan lop 3d nen cac c ghep doi a 3s, 3p co the nhay len phan

lop 3d d l tao ra 6c doc than se tao v o i flo 6 lien k i t cong hoa tri trong SFn la SFs V a y cac

obitan cua S trong hop chk SF^ a trang thai lai hoa s p ' d '

.0,25a 0,25a

0,25a

HOA - 2/7