Khi S là no one/nobody thì phải dùng phủ định ở câu bị động.. No one believes this story.[r]
Trang 1LOP 10 – TUAN 5 Unit 10 (cont) CÁCH ĐỔI TỪ CHỦ ĐỘNG (ACTIVE VOICE) SANG BỊ ĐỘNG (PASSIVE VOICE)
Muốn chuyển từ câu chủ động (Active voice) sang câu bị động (Passive voice), ta thực hiện các bước sau:
Active S VA O
Passive S VP By +
O
Active People speak
English
Passive English is spoken (by
people)
1 Lấy tân ngữ (O) của câu chủ động làm chủ ngữ (S) của
câu bị động (me/us/you/him/her/it/them
I/we/you/he/she/it/they)
2 Đổi động từ chủ động (VA) thành động từ bị động (VP)
(xem phần dưới): V P = Be + V 3/ed
3 Đổi chủ ngữ (S) của câu bị động thành By + O Nhớ rằng
by me/us/you/him/her/it/them/one/people/someone/somebody /
everyone/everybody, chúng ta bỏ đi.
4 Nhớ trật tự: Nơi chốn + By O + Thời gian trong câu bị
động
Chú ý:
a Khi S là no one/nobody thì phải dùng phủ định ở câu bị động.
No one believes this story This story
b Những V không có hình thức bị động: arrive, become,
belong, come, contain, die, get, have, lack, like, live, look, mean, resemble, seem…
II CÁCH ĐỔI MỘT SỐ THÌ CƠ BẢN
No
Tenses Active structure (Cấu trúc chủ động) Passive structure (Cấu trúc bị động)
1 Present simple
(Hiện tại đơn) VPeople speak English here.s/es am/is/are + V 3/ed
2 Present
continuous
(Hiện tại tiếp
diễn)
am/is/are + V ing
They are painting the house.
am/is/are + being + V 3/ed
3 Past simple
(Quá khứ đơn)
V 2/ed
Somebody cleaned this room
yesterday.
was/were + V 3/ed
4 Past continuous
(Quá khứ tiếp
diễn)
was/were + V ing
My sister was baking the cakes.
was/were + being + V 3/ed
5 Present perfect
(Hiện tại hoàn
thành)
have/has + V 3/ed
He hasn’t worn the jacket for
years.
have/has + been + V 3/ed
6 Past perfect
(Quá khứ hoàn
had + V 3/ed
They had destroyed all the
had + been + V 3/ed
Trang 2
thành) documents when we arrived .
7 Future simple
(Tương lai đơn)
will + V bare
I will tell you when the time comes.
will + be + V 3/ed
8 Near future
(Tương lai gần)
be going to + V
We are going to meet her.
am/is/are going to + be + V 3/ed
9 Modals
(ĐT khiếm
khuyết)
modal (can, could…) + V bare
The manager must sign the cheque.
modal (can, could…) + be + V 3/ed
10 Have to have to/has to/had to + V
They have to do this job.
have to/has to/had to + be + V 3/ed
They used to eat corn a lot.
used to + be + V 3/ed
Task 1 Change the sentences into Passive Voice
1 They use a computer to do that job
2 People speak English all over the world
3 The mechanic is repairing Judy’s car
4 Mary is cutting the cake with a sharp knife
5 They built a big house three years ago
6 They didn’t allow Tom to take a long rest
7 They were cleaning the floor when I arrived
8 Lan was waiting for Mai at this time yesterday
9 He has spelt this word wrongly
10 The police have arrested five suspects
11 She had finished her report by noon
Trang 3
12 Tim had returned the book to the party.
13 He will buy the house next week
14 He won’t allow you to do that silly thing again
15 They are going to steal your money if you’re not careful
16 The teacher is going to tell a story
17 They should help Jane with the sewing
18 He can use this machine
19 They may pay money tomorrow
20 Employers must pay all the expenses for this training course
21 She has to finish this report tomorrow
22 They have to buy more food in case their friends come
23 He had to finish this plan earlier
24 They used to drink beer a lot
25 They used to catch fish a lot
Task 2 Choose the best answer
1 English in many countries in Africa
A speaks B is speaking C is spoken D has spoken
Trang 42 A new bridge over the river at present.
A constructed B is constructed C is constructing D is being constructed
3 The school boy in the accident
A seriously injured B seriously was injured C was seriously injured D to be injured seriously
4 That signal by Tom last night
A wasn’t seen B isn’t seen C didn’t see D weren’t seen
5 We by a loud noise last night
A woke up B are woken up C were woken D were waking up
6 The boxes packed yet
A aren’t B weren’t C haven’t been D won’t be
7 The telephone by Alexander Graham Bell
A is inventing B was invented C invents D invented
8 The cathedral built in the fourteenth century
9 This room is going next week
A to be painted B to paint C to be paint D to painting
10 Since the 1970s, computers at a low enough cost to allow individuals to own a personal computer
A will be produced B have been produced C are produced D were
produced