SỔ TAY TỪ NGỮ VIỆT - ANH CHUYÊN NGÀNH LỮ HÀNH

Nhân sự kiện kỷ niệm 25 năm thành lập trường Cao đẳng Nghề Du lịch Sài Gòn (1991 – 2016), trong khuôn khổ nội dung sinh hoạt chuyên đề được tổ chức định kỳ hàng quý nhằm bổ sung kiến th[r]

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LỜI NÓI ĐẦU

Kính thưa quý Thầy, Cô,

Các bạn sinh viên thân mến,

Với tinh thần “học tốt để có một nghề nghiệp vững chắc, một tương lai tươi sáng cùng khát vọng vươn xa”, chúng em – sinh viên các dòng lớp HD03 – 10, QTLH 03 – 10 khoa Lữ hành – cùng bắt tay thực hiện quyển sổ tay từ ngữ Việt – Anh – chuyên ngành lữ hành

Quyển sổ tay bao gồm 878 từ liên quan đến các tuyến du lịch đi và về trong ngày:

438 từ - Tuyến nội thành Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh

180 từ - Tuyến Củ Chi

260 từ - Tuyến TPHCM – Tiền Giang – Bến Tre

Hơn 6 tháng cùng thu thập tài liệu và biên soạn quyển sổ tay, chúng em đã học được nhiều điều bổ ích

Trong thời gian thực hiện quyển sổ tay, chúng em đã nhận được sự quan tâm và chỉ đạo của Ban Giám hiệu đồng thời là Ban cố vấn

Những bản thảo của chúng em được cô Dương Thị Kim Phụng và cô Đoàn Thị Kiều Nga cẩn thận chỉnh sửa nhiều lần Thầy Nguyễn Hữu Công đã rất nhiệt tình hỗ trợ chúng em về mặt kỹ thuật

Chúng em trân trọng kính gởi đến quý Thầy, Cô lời chân thành cảm ơn vì tất cả những gì Thầy Cô đã luôn dành cho chúng

em và các bạn sinh viên trong trường

Chúng em xin được xem việc biên soạn quyển sổ tay như một trong những hoạt động của sinh viên khoa Lữ hành trong chuổi các hoạt động kỷ niệm 25 năm thành lập trường Cao đẳng Nghề Du lịch Sài Gòn (1991 – 2016)

Phạm Thị Hồng Thắm – HD03 – nhóm trưởng tuyến Mỹ Tho – Bến Tre và các thành viên

Trần Ngọc Lữ Phong – HD10 – nhóm trưởng tuyến Củ Chi và các thành viên

Đào Đức Duy Khang – LH05 – nhóm trưởng tuyến nội thành TPHCM và các thành viên

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LỜI NGỎ

Nhân sự kiện kỷ niệm 25 năm thành lập trường Cao đẳng Nghề Du lịch Sài Gòn (1991 – 2016), trong khuôn khổ nội dung sinh hoạt chuyên đề được tổ chức định kỳ hàng quý nhằm bổ sung kiến thức và kỹ năng cho sinh viên, sinh viên khoa Lữ hành đã cùng nhau thực hiện quyển sổ tay từ ngữ Việt – Anh - chuyên ngành lữ hành với mong muốn được cùng trau dồi tiếng Anh, chuẩn bị tốt cho công việc tương lai trong ngành du lịch

Được sự đồng ý và cố vấn của Ban Giám hiệu nhà trường, sinh viên khoa Lữ hành đã bắt đầu biên soạn quyển sổ tay từ ngữ Việt – Anh - chuyên ngành lữ hành từ tháng 06/2016 và hoàn thành vào tháng 02/2017 Tổ bộ môn Nghiệp vụ hướng dẫn khoa Lữ hành trân trọng giới thiệu cùng quý Thầy, Cô, các bạn sinh viên quyển sổ tay từ ngữ Việt – Anh

Cảm ơn sự quan tâm và những ý kiến đóng góp của quý Thầy Cô và các bạn sinh viên để quyển sổ tay từ ngữ Việt – Anh có thể góp một phần nhỏ vào việc học ngoại ngữ của sinh viên khoa Lữ hành

Tháng 03/2017

Tổ bộ môn Nghiệp vụ hướng dẫn – khoa Lữ hành

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MỤC LỤC

NGUYEN HUE WALKING STREET 5

THE VIETNAM HISTORY MUSEUM 19

THIEN HAU TEMPLE = TUỆ THÀNH ASSEMBLY HALL 77

INDEPENDENCE PALACE 94

TOUR OF CU CHI TUNNELS 124

MY THO – BEN TRE TOUR 155

VIỆT TIẾNG ANH PHIÊN ÂM QUỐC TẾ GỢI Ý CÁCH DÙNG

1 Bến Bạch Đằng Bach Dang Wharf

BrE /wɔ ː f/

AmE /wɔ ː rf/

Bach Dang Wharf is in the centre of District 1, near the Monument of General Tran Hung Dao which was built on Ton Duc Thang Street to commemorate the glorious victory against the Yuanmeng invaders in

1288 on the Bach Dang River

2 Biểu diễn

nghệ thuật Art performance /ɑ ː rt/ /pə rˈ fɔ ː rmə ns/

Nguyen Hue walking street

is chosen as a place for big events of Ho Chi Minh city

as parades, meetings, street festivals, culture

exhibitions, art performances, etc

 As schedule, on week days, vehicles are still allowed to run along Nguyen Hue street, but from 6pm

to 1am on Saturday and Sunday, all kinds

of vehicles are banned to travel here

4 Cây sứ

(trắng) White frangipani /waɪ t/ /ˌ frændʒ iˈ pæni/

The area of President Ho Chi Minh Statue Park has the lotus pond, two lines of white frangipanis and a lot

of colorful flowers and trees

5 Chiều cao Height (n) /haɪ t/ - It is almost 2 meters in

height

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- She is the same height as her sister

6 Chiều dài Length (n) /leŋθ/

- The Nguyen Hue walking street includes 2 areas with 670m in total length and 60m in width

- This room is twice the length of the kitchen

- The river is 300 miles in length

7 Chiều rộng Width (n) /wɪ dθ/ -It's about 10 metres in

width

8 Ảnh chụp

tự sướng Selfie (n) /ˈ selfiː / There are many young people using their iPhones

or iPads to take selfies

world In 1956, the Charner Boulevard was renamed Nguyen Hue Boulevard and became the most beautiful street in Sai Gon

14 Giầy

Pa-tanh

Roller-skate (n)

(also skate) /ˈ roʊ lə r/ /skeɪ t/ Idioms: “be skating/walking on thin

ice” = to be taking a risk

15 Hệ thống phun sương Spraying system(n) /spreɪ -iŋ//ˈ sɪ stə m/

 an early morning mist = sương sớm

 Spraying system is arranged in the tree lines to cool the air, prevent dust and create humidity for trees

 Spraying systems will work in the distance among trees

to keep the square cool

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Hồ sen Lotus pond /ˈ loʊ tə s/ /pɒ nd/ The area of President Ho

Chi Minh Statue Park has a lotus pond, two lines of white frangipanis and a lot

of colorful flowers and trees

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Khu thương

mại/Khu

buôn bán

Downtown (n/adj/adv) /ˌ daʊ nˈ taʊ n/

 a hotel in the heart of downtown

 The Nguyen Hue Pedestrian/walking Street is located in downtown Dictrict 1,

Ho Chi Minh City

-Pavement parking is dangerous for wheelchair users and other disabled people

Balloon artist /bə ˈ luː n//ˈ ɑ ː rtɪ st/ Artists are making stunning

toys from balloons

23 Nhà vệ sinh

công cộng

Public bathroom/toilet/rest-room /ˈ pʌ blɪ k//ˈ tɔ ɪ lə t/

In addition, 160 benches and two

underground/public restrooms have been put along the square to serve visitors

24 Nhạc nước Water music system /ˈ wɔ ː tə r//ˈ mjuː zɪ k/ The square has also

installed modern art

photographer’s lens

 Photogenic (adj) /ˌ foʊ toʊ ˈ dʒ enɪ k / = ăn ảnh

26 Nhóm nhạc Band/Group /bænd/

 The excitement of seeing a live band

 They play in a rock band

 She sings in a rock group

 Franchisee (n):doanh nghiệp mua

franchise/

/ˈ fræntʃ aɪ z/  Brand-name

franchise = Nhượng quyền thương hiệu

 The coffee-shop franchise = (Chuỗi cửa hàng) Cà phê nhượng quyền

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 quyền kinh doanh

 Management franchise = nhượng quyền có tham gia quản lý (chuỗi khách sạn lớn như Holiday Inc, Marriott, )

 Full business format franchise = nhượng quyền mô hình kinh doanh toàn diện (KFC, Subway, McDonald’s, Starbucks, Phở 24)

 He’s got a job as manager of a burger franchise

 He runs a local pizza franchise

 a catering franchise

in the fast-food industry

 Non-business format franchise = nhượng quyền mô hình kinh doanh không toàn diện

+ Nhượng quyền phân phối sản phẩm, dịch vụ (product distribution franchise): như sơ mi cao cấp Pierre Cardin cho An Phước, Foci, chuỗi cà phê Trung Nguyên…

+ Nhượng quyền công thức sản xuất sản phẩm và tiếp thị (marketing

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franchise): như CocaCola

28 Pháo hoa Firework (n) BrE /ˈ faɪ ə wɜ ː k/

AmE /ˈ faɪ ə rwɜ ː rk/

 a firework(s) display

 They set off fireworks in their back garden

 The firework show is part of the activities

in commemoration of the Reunification Day, April 30 and Labor Day, May 1

29 Phố đi bộ Pedestrian Street

= Walking Street /pə ˈ destriə n//striː t/

 Đường hoa = The Flower Street

 The old Nguyen Hue Flower Street now becomes a square

and the first walking

street of Saigon

 Nguyen Hue walking street stretches from the building of Ho Chi Minh City People's Committee

to Bach Dang Wharf,

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fronting the Saigon River

 Underground trade centers of the first metro route project Ben Thanh-Suoi Tien will be connected with the walking street in the future

30 Tấm bia Stele(n)

(danh từ số nhiều: stelae) /ˈ sti:li/

Behind Uncle Ho’s Statue, there is a stele inscribing the presentation of

Southern Interim Administrative Committee (Ủy ban hành chính lâm thời miền Nam) after the success of

water shows and monitor activities above

Nhà Văn Hóa Thanh Niên

33 Tòa nhà

chọc trời Skyscraper /ˈ skaɪ skreɪ pə r/

Bitexco Financial Tower is the tallest skyscraper in Ho Chi Minh City and the second tallesttower in Vietnam

34 Triễn lãm Exhibition(n) /ˌ eksɪ ˈ bɪ ʃ n/

= to behave in a bad or stupid way in public

Ex: I’m afraid Frank got drunk and made an

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 Uncle Ho’s copper

statue with the

height of 7.2m, facing to Sai Gon River, has been put

up in the area of President Ho Chi Minh Statue Park

36 Tuyến xe điện ngầm

Metro line

= Subway (n)

BrE /ˈ metrə ʊ / AmE /ˈ metroʊ / /ˈ sʌ bweɪ /

 underground / subway / metro / tube

A city’s underground railway/railroad system is

usually called the

underground (often the

Underground) in British

English and the subway in

North American English

The Metro is the name for

the systems in Paris and Washington, D.C

London’s system is often

called the Tube

37 Ván trượt Skateboard (n)  (v) BrE /ˈ skeɪ tbɔ ː d/

AmE /ˈ skeɪ tbɔ ː rd/

 to ride (on) a skateboard

 I used to skateboard

in the streets

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38 Vỉa hè Pavement (n)

Sidewalk (n) /ˈ peɪ vmə nt/

 Pavement artist = sidewalk artist = họa

sĩ đường phố

 A pavement café =

cà phê lề đường Ex: There are plenty of attractive restaurants

and pavement cafes

 Don’t ride your bike

on the pavement!

 A narrow pavement ran along the side of the road

*Motor vehicles (= cars, buses, lorries/trucks, etc.) -The city centre is off-

limits to wheeled vehicles

 Phô mai que = Cheese stick(s)

 Bánh tráng trộn

“thần thánh” = The

/ˈ ʃ eɪ kɪ ŋ/ /ˈ mæŋɡ oʊ / Customers are waiting for “shaking mangoes”

outside a stall on Nguyễn Huệ Street in District 1

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ultimate mixed paper

rice- Bánh tráng nướng = Vietnamese grilled rice-paper with egg

 Phá lấu = Offals braised in coconut juice

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THE VIETNAM HISTORY MUSEUM

Designed and built by the French in 1927 and finished in 1929, the museum was originally named Museé Blanchard de La Brosse

Later it was renamed The National Museum of Saigon in 1956 and the Vietnam History Museum in HCM city in 1979

There are more than 17.000 exhibits illustrating the evolution of Vietnamese history and the cultures of Southern provinces and some Asian countries

They are displayed in 18 showrooms:

1 Prehistoric period (about 500.000 years ago – 2879 B.C)

2 Metal age – National building under the Hùng Kings (2879 B.C – 179 B.C)

3 Chinese occupation – The struggle for independence (179 B.C – 938)

4 Ngô – Đinh – Early Lê – Lý dynasties (939 – 1225)

5 Trần – Hồ dynasties (1226 – 1407)

6 Champa culture (2nd – 17th centuries)

7 Oc Eo culture (1st – 7th centuries)

8 Buddhist statues from various Asian countries

9 Posterior Lê – Mạc – Lê Trịnh – Nguyễn Lords dynasties (1428 – 1788)

10 The cannons (18th – 19th centuries)

11 Tay Son dynasty (1771 – 1802)

12 Nguyen dynasty (1802 – 1945)

13 Cambodia stone carvings (9th – 13th centuries)

14 Asian ceramics

15 The mummy in Xom Cai – HCM City

16 The Vuong Hong Sen collection

17 Minority cultures from Southern Provinces

18 Special exhibition area/ Shorterm

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THE VIETNAM HISTORY MUSEUM Room 1: Prehistoric period (about 500.000 years ago – 2879 B.C)

THỜI TIỀN SỬ ST

NAmE /ʃ ɑ ː rp/ A pencil-sharpener = đồ chuốt bút chì A knife-sharpener = đồ mài dao

2 Bộ xương Skeleton (n) /ˈ skelɪ tn/ The human skeleton consists of 206 bones

3 Cái nôi Cradle (n) /ˈ kreɪ dl/

Vietnam is one of the human cradles in the Southeast Asian

4 Công cụ Tool (n) /tuː l/

 Chopping Tool = công cụ chặt/cắt

In archaeology a chopping tool is a stone tool The history of human technology begins with the discovery of how to give stone a cutting edge

5 Cư trú Settle (n) /ˈ setl/ At the beginning of the Bronze Age, the Viet tribe groups had settled down in the North and in the North

of Central Vietnam

6 Da thuộc Leather (n) BrE /ˈ leðə (r)/

NAmE /ˈ leðə r/ In the Stone Age most clothing was made of leather or fur

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7 Dấu vết/vết

tích Trace (n) /treɪ s/ *Archeologists have found the trace of the period of Homo Erectus in cave Tham Khuyen and Tham Hai

in the mountainous Northern province of Lang Son

8 Di chỉ/ dấu

vết Vestige (n)

BrE /ˈ vestɪ dʒ / NAmE

/ˈ vestɪ dʒ /

According to archaeological vestiges, the earliest human being existed in Northern Vietnam about 500.000 years ago

9 Đồ đất nung Pottery (n)

(pl potteries)

BrE /ˈ pɒ tə ri/

NAmE /ˈ pɑ ː tə ri/

The typical tools of these periods include choppers, flake tools, natural and polished hand axes and pottery fragments

The chopper has a round, semi-oval or almost straight cutting edge

11 Đa thần*

(tín ngưỡng)

*Polytheism (n) = the belief

in or worship

of more than one god

BrE /ˈ pɒ liθiɪ zə m/

NAmE /ˈ pɑ ː liθiɪ zə m/

có tính chất nhân tạo

/keɪ v/

/ˈ ɡ rɑ ː toʊ / *The area contains vast underground cave systems *Caves around the world contain information in

various forms about the ancient history of planet Earth

*Throughout history, primitive people have made use

of caves for shelter, burial, or as religious sites

15 Khảo cổ học

Archaeology (n)

 Archaeologi cal (adj) thuộc về khảo cổ

 Archaeologi

st (n) nhà khảo cổ học

BrE /ˌ ɑ ː kiˈ ɒ lə dʒ i /

NAmE /ˌ ɑ ː rkiˈ ɑ ː lə d

Neolithic ones in Bắc Sơn

16 Kỳ đồ đá

Stone Age (n)

 Paleolithic (Old Stone Age) = Kỳ

đồ đá cũ

 Mesolithic (Middle Stone Age):

/stoʊ n/ /eɪ dʒ / /ˌ pæliə ˈ lɪ θɪ k/

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thời kỳ đồ

đá giữa

 Neolithic (New Stone Age): thời

kỳ đồ đá mới

/ˌ niː ə ˈ lɪ θɪ k/

17 Lông thú Fur (n) /fɜ ː r/

 The animal is hunted for its fur

 Animal skins were the first material for the clothing of primitive man

Later fur became an important part of trade, a measure of the calculation, as well as an essential symbol of high status, material well- being and luxury

18 Mảnh vỡ Fragment (n) /ˈ fræɡ mə nt/  a few tiny fragments of glass

19 Nền văn

minh

Civilization (n)

BrE /ˌ sɪ və laɪ ˈ zeɪ

ʃ n/ NAmE /ˌ sɪ və lə ˈ zeɪ

21 Rìu (búa) Axe (n) /æks/

Stone axes dating back to 3,000-4,000 years ago wereexcavated in the Central Highlands province of Kon Tum in 2000

the year of Our Lord"

24 Thập kỷ (10 năm) Decade (n)

/ˈ dekeɪ d/ or /dɪ ˈ keɪ d/

 Decade = a period of ten years, especially a continuous period, such as 1910–1919 or 2000–2009

 the early decades of the 19th century = thập niên đầu của thế kỷ 19

25 Thế kỷ (100 năm)

Century (n) (pl centuries) /ˈ sentʃ ə ri/

 the 20th century = AD 1901–2000 or 1900–

1999

 half-century = a period of 50 years

 The city’s population doubled during the 19th century

Millennia (plu.)

/mɪ ˈ leniə m/  the second millennium AD/ the book is a

history of the last two millennia

27 Tiền sử

Prehistoric (adj)

28 Tồn tại/sống

sót Exist (v) /ɪ ɡ ˈ zɪ st/  A temple existed here hundreds of years ago

 The problem only exists in your head, Jack

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29 Trang sức Jewellry/Jewel

ry (n) /ˈ dʒ uː ə lri/ Primitive men collected snails, oysters and other kind of mollusks along the sea-shore for food Then they

also used shells to make basic jewelry

30 Trước công

nguyên

B.C = Before Christ

/ˌ biː ˈ siː / /bɪ ˈ fɔ ː r/

/kraɪ st/

31 Vỏ ốc biển Sea-shell (n) /siː /- /ʃ el/ Primitive men collected snails, oysters and other kind of mollusks along the sea-shore for food Then they

also used shells to make basic jewelry

Room 2: Metal Age – National building under the Hùng Kings (2879 B.C – 179 B.C)

THỜI KIM KHÍ – VUA HÙNG DỰNG NƯỚC

32 Bộ tộc/Bộ

lạc Tribe (n) /traɪ b/ The people of Van Lang State, known as the Lac Viet, settled in and around the Deltas of the Red

River, the Mã River and the Lam River

 Pour the chocolate into a heart-shaped mould

 It took many months to create the sculpture mould for the drum, which follows the Ngoc

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36 Mũi tên

Arrow (n)

 Arrowhead (n) đầu mũi tên

/ˈ ærə ʊ / /ˈ æroʊ /

Rough Guides Snapshot Vietnam: Hanoi (By Rough Guides)

37 Nắp đậy

Mi mắt Lid (n) /lɪ d/  The Sa Huynh culture cremated adults and

buried them in jars covered with lids, a practice unique to the culture

 Sa Huynh culture in the Central Coastal

Lowlands is renowned for its jar-shaped

tombs (mộ chum)

38 Nghi lễ Ritual (adj-n) /ˈ rɪ tʃ uə l/ The Dong Son Bronze Drum is decorated with geometric patterns, scenes of daily life and war,

animals and birds, and boats

39 Phong kiến Feudal /ˈ fjuː dl/ The 1st feudal state of ancient Vietnam is Van Lang State, which was established and ruled by Hung

Kings in the 6th century BC

40 Quan tài Coffin (n)

BrE /ˈ kɒ fɪ n/

NAmE /ˈ kɔ ː fɪ n/

 The Viet Khe ancient coffin is of the

boat-shaped one (also called hollowed-out tree trunk burial) This type of grave is often found

in low land areas near the river The Viet Khe coffin was unearthed in 1961 in Ngoc Khe village, Viet Khe commune, Thuy Nguyen district, Hai Phong city

 The coffin was viewed as a boat which carried

the dead to “the other world”

41 Tang lễ Funeral (n) /ˈ fjuː nə rə l/

In many countries, it is a convention to wear black

at funerals

The funeral will be held next Priday

* Hỏa táng = cremation (n) /krə ˈ meɪ ʃ n/

* Địa táng = Burial (n) /ˈ beriə l/

* Thủy táng = Water Burial

* Không táng = Sky Burial

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Thuc Phan – King An Duong Vuong in the 3rd century BC

43 Thời đại kim

khí Metal Age /ˈ metl/ /eɪ dʒ / There were 3 major cultures in Vietnam in the 1st millennium BC (Metal Age): Dong Son, Sa Huynh

and Dong Nai

44 Thuyền độc

mộc

Dug-out canoe (Hollowed-out tree trunk)

/ˈ dʌ ɡ aʊ t/

/kə ˈ nuː / = Dug-out (type of light narrow boat) made by cutting out the inside of a tree trunk

45 Trống đồng Bronze Drum /brɑ ː nz/ Dong Son culture in the Red River Delta is known

for its elaborate bronze drums

46 Vại/lọ/bình Jar (n) /dʒ ɑ ː r/ She filled the jars with the tomato sauce

47 Vũ khí Weapon (n) /ˈ wepə n/ Education is the only weapon to fight the spread of

the disease

Room 3: Chinese occupation/domination – The struggle for independence (179 B.C – 938)

THỜI BẮC THUỘC – ĐẤU TRANH GIÀNH LẠI ĐỘC LẬP

48 Anh hùng Hero (n)

(pl heroes)

BrE /ˈ hɪ ə rə ʊ / NAmE /ˈ hɪ roʊ /

or /ˈ hiː roʊ /

The Hai Ba Trung (Trung Sisters) Temple Festival

is held annually on lunar January 6 in Me Linh Commune, Me Linh District, Hanoi It is the birthplace of the two sisters Trung Trac and Trung

Nhi, two famous Vietnamese heroines who rode

elephants to lead their troops to defeat the foreign invaders

49 Ăn trầu Betel chewing /ˈ biː tl/

/tʃ uː ɪ ŋ/  They preserved the custom and traditions of

tooth dyeing, betel chewing and tattooing

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50 Bà Triệu (The)Lady

Triệu /ˈ leɪ di/

In 225, another woman, Triệu Thị Trinh, popularly

known as Lady Triệu, led another revolt which

lasted until 248 Once again, the uprising failed and Triệu Thị Trinh threw herself into a river

51 Cái chậu/cái

thau Basin (n) /ˈ beɪ sn/ This object can be used as a basin or a drum

52 Cai trị/điều

khiển Rule (v)/(n) /ruː l/

There were major uprisings against the Chinese

rule during this period such as the Trung Sisiters

(40 AD), Lady Trieu (248), Ly Nam De (542), Mai Hac De (722), Phung Hung (791), Khuc Family (905)

53 Con ếch

Frog (n)

≠ Fog (n) sương

mù

BrE /frɒ ɡ / NAmE /frɔ ː ɡ / , /frɑ ː ɡ /

Idioms: have a frog in your throat = bị khan tiếng

54 Cuộc đấu

tranh

Struggle (n)/(v) /ˈ strʌ ɡ l/  struggle (for something):

Ex: a country struggling for independence

32

 struggle to do something:

Ex: They struggled just to pay their bills

 struggle (against somebody/something)

Ex: He struggled against cancer for two years

 struggle together = vật lộn/đánh nhau

Ex: Ben and Jack struggled together on the grass

/ˌ speʃ iˈ ælə ti/  Fermented pork rolls (nem chua) are seen as a

simple Thanh Hoa's specialty

57 Điểm tham

quan

Tourist attraction

/ˈ tʊ ə rɪ st/

/ə ˈ trækʃ n/

About the tourist attractions, the Ho Dynasty’s Citadel and Sam Son Beach are the most well- known names Besides, Ba Trieu Pagoda, Holy Fish Pond and Ben En National Park are also very

attractive

In the middle of June, 2012, the Ho Citadel was recognized by the UNESCO as one of the world heritages

58 Đô hộ/thống

trị

Dominate (v) Occupy (v)

/ˈ dɑ ː mɪ neɪ t/

/ˈ ɑ ː kjupaɪ / From 179 B.C to 938 A.D., China occupied this country

33

59 Đốt nương

làm rẫy

burn agriculture

Slash-and-= Fire-fallow cultivation

/slæʃ /bɜ ː rn/ They made a living by fishing, hunting and slash- and burn agriculture

/-/ænd/-60 Gìn giữ Preserve (v) /prɪ ˈ zɜ ː rv/  They preserved the custom and traditions of

tooth dyeing, betel chewing and tattooing

61 Hai Bà Trưng

The Trung Sisters /ˈ sɪ stə r/

In North Vietnam the people resented Chinese rule and in 40 AD the Trung Sisters led a rebellion at Mê Linh district (present day Vĩnh Phúc) However in 43

AD the Chinese crushed the rebellion and the sisters killed themselves

To this day, the Trưng Sisters are revered in Vietnam

as the national symbol of Vietnamese women

The decoration combines motifs of Đông Sơn culture and those of the Han culture – creating a rather imaginative coordination It may represent a

“legitimate” way of preserving the Đông Sơn culture of the ancient Vietnamese

Her passport seemed legitimate, but on closer inspection, it was found to have been altered

63 Mặt trống drumhead (n) /'drʌ mhed/ The Drum is decorated with as few as four, frogs/

four frogson the drumhead

34

64 Nhà quản

lý/quản trị

Administrator (n)

/ə dˈ mɪ nɪ streɪ t

ə r/

The independent period began from 905-931 when the position of administrator was assumed by Khúc Thừa Dụ

65 Nhuộm răng Tooth dyeing /tuː θ/ /ˈ daɪ ɪ ŋ/

 Tooth dyeing = a custom of dyeing one's teeth black

 They preserved the custom and traditions of tooth dyeing, betel chewing and tattooing

 In Vietnam, tooth dyeing was practiced by the majority Vietnamese people as well as by minority ethnic groups

66 Phong

tục/tục lệ

Custom (n)

≠ Customs (n) /ˈ kʌ stə mz/

= hải quan

/ˈ kʌ stə m/

 an old/ancient custom

 the custom of giving presents at Christmas

 It's a local custom

 It is the custom in that country for women to marry young

67 Phối hợp/kết

hợp

Combine (v)

 combination (n)

/'kɔ mbain/

/,kɔ mbi'neiʃ n/

The decoration combines motifs of Đông Sơn culture and those of the Han culture – creating a rather imaginative coordination It may represent a

“legitimate” way of preserving the Đông Sơn culture of the ancient Vietnamese

Thiếp Concubine (n) /ˈ kɑ ː ŋkjubaɪ n/ "I'd like to ride storms, kill sharks in the open sea,

drive out the aggressors, reconquer the country,

35

to be the concubine of whatever man."

“Tôi chỉ muốn cưỡi cơn gió mạnh, đạp luồng sóng

dữ, chém cá trường kình ở biển Đông, lấy lại giang sơn, dựng nền độc lập, cởi ách nô lệ, chứ không chịu khom lưng làm tì thiếp cho người!”

70 Xâm mình Tattoo (v-n)

(pl tattoos)

BrE /tə ˈ tuː / NAmE /tæˈ tuː /  They preserved the custom and traditions of

tooth dyeing, betel chewing and tattooing

Room 4: Ngô – Đinh – Early Lê – Lý dynasties (939 – 1225)

THỜI NGÔ – ĐINH – TIỀN LÊ – LÝ

71 A Di Đà Amitabha /ə miˈ t̪aː bə / *This is the statue of Amitabha Buddha displayed in

Phật Tích Pagoda of Bắc Ninh Province

72 Ám sát Assassinate (v)

BrE /ə ˈ sæsɪ neɪ t/

NAmE /ə ˈ sæsə neɪ t/

 The murder of Dinh Bo Linh in 979 brought a six-year-old Prince to the throne Meanwhile the Sung dynasty had taken power in China where order was restored A Sung expeditionary corps was sent to reconquer Vietnam, which was also being attacked from the south by the Cham

 After King Dinh Tien Hoang and the Crown

Prince Dinh Lien were assassinated, his

commander-in-chief Le Hoan was enthroned

73 Bài thơ

Poem (n)

 Poet (n) nhà thơ/thi sĩ

BrE /ˈ pə ʊ ɪ m/

NAmE /ˈ poʊ ə m/

General Lý Thường Kiệt, who defeated the Chinese

Song,wrote the poem considered as the first

Declaration of Independence of Vietnam

36

 Poetry (n) thơ ca/thi vị BrE /ˈ pə ʊ ɪ t/

NAmE /ˈ poʊ ə t/

74 Bản sao/hiện

vật làm lại Replica (n) /ˈ replɪ kə /  a replica of the Eiffel Tower

 a replica of the Buddha

75 Buộc tội/kết

tội Accuse (v) /ə ˈ kjuː z/ Queen Y Lan, accused of ordering the assassination of one of her rivals, spent the rest of her life building

100 pagodas to redeem herself

76 Truyền cảm

hứng

Inspire (v)

 Inspiration (n)

/ɪ nˈ spaɪ ə r/ His confident leadership inspired his followers

I want to take the most advantage from placing the capital here What do you think, the court mandarins?”

Vùng này đất rộng mà bằng phẳng, thế đất cao

mà sáng sủa, dân cư không khổ cực tối tăm, vạn vật tươi tốt phồn thịnh Xem khắp nước Việt đó

37

là nơi thắng địa, thực là chỗ tụ hội quan yếu của bốn phương, đúng là nơi thượng đô kinh sư mãi muôn đời

Trẫm muốn nhân địa lợi ấy mà định nơi ở, các khanh nghĩ thế nào?

/wʌ n/ /ˈ pɪ lə r/

/pə ˈ ɡ oʊ də /

Dien Huu Pagoda, commonly known as the

One-Pillar Pagoda and built in 1049, is a graceful

pavilion built on a stone pillar standing in the middle

of a pond, the whole complex resembling a lotus flower in bloom

79 Chuộc lỗi Redeem (v) /rɪ ˈ diː m/ His good points redeem his faults

80 Địch thủ Rival (n) /ˈ raɪ vl/ She has no rival in the field of romantic fiction

81 Điện tiền chỉ

huy sứ Court General

/kɔ ː rt/

/ˈ dʒ enrə l/

When Le Hoan’s son, Le Long Dinh died in his

twenties, a Court General named Ly Cong Uan was

enthroned He established the Ly dynasty lasting from 1010 to 1225

82

Đề cao/

Đánh giá

cao

Appreciate (v) /ə ˈ priː ʃ ieɪ t/ There’s no point buying him expensive wines – he doesn’t appreciate them

83 Ghi dấu Mark (v) /mɑ ː rk/ Ngo Quyen marked the end of the Chinese domination by the victory at the Bach Dang River in

938

84 Hoàng thành Thăng Long

Imperial Citadel of Thang Long

/ɪ mˈ pɪ riə l/

/ˈ sɪ tə del/

The Imperial Citadel of Thang Long was first

built during the Lý Dynasty and subsequently expanded by the Trần, Lê and finally the Nguyễn Dynasty

After Ngo Quyen’s death, Vietnam was in political

chaos and devastated by 12 Warlords

86 Lãnh thổ

Territory (n) (pl

territories)

BrE /ˈ terə tri/

NAmE /ˈ terə tɔ ː ri/

“Vietnam’s territory is controlled by Vietnam’s

Emperor;

It was determined by the Providence

Any invader cannot occupy our country;

You will surely be defeated.”

Nam Quốc Sơn Hà

(Mountains and Rivers of the Southern Country)

87 Lên ngôi Enthrone (v)

BrE /ɪ nˈ θrə ʊ n/

NAmE /ɪ nˈ θroʊ n/ The Queen was enthroned in an ancient abbey

Wood-/wʊ /ɪ nˈ ɡ reɪ vɪ ŋ/

d/-This is the woodblock of the “Chieu Doi Do”

(“Edict on the Transfer of the Capital” written by King Ly Cong Uan on the move of Vietnam’s capital from Hoa Lu to Dai La – Hanoi at present)

90 Ngoại xâm

Kẻ xâm lược Invader (n) /ɪ nˈ veɪ də r/ Le Hoan then led the people against the Chinese Sung

invader and won the battle in 980

91 Hoàng Thái

Tử Crown Prince /kraʊ n/ /prɪ ns/ The wife of a crown prince is also titled crown

princess

39

92 Nhà chính

trị Politician (n) /ˌ pɑ ː lə ˈ tɪ ʃ n/

Ly Thuong Kiet was the architect of the victory He

was a great politician who knew how to win the

hearts of the people and inspire his troops with enthusiasm

93 Nhà Tống

Chinese Sung / Sung (Song) dynasty

/ˌ tʃ aɪ ˈ niː z/

/sʌ ŋ/

Song dynasty, Wade-Ciles Romanization Sung 1279), Chinese dynasty that ruled the country during one of its most brilliant cultural epochs

(960-94 Nho giáo Confucianism /kə nˈ fjuː ʃ ə nɪ

Her family doesn't appreciate her

Thanks for coming I appreciate it

I would appreciate it if you paid in cash

 appreciate somebody doing something

We would appreciate you letting us know of any problems

95 Phật giáo Buddhism (n) /ˈ bʊ dɪ zə m/

During the Lý Dynasty, Buddhism was the national

religion Many beautiful pagodas were built, some

of them have beenpreserved up to the present day, such as One Pillar Pagoda in Hanoi built in 1041 and Keo Pagoda in Thai Binh Province

96 Quốc Tử

Giám

The royal college

/ˈ rɔ ɪ ə l/

/ˈ kɑ ː lɪ dʒ / In the Ly Dynasty, the Van Mieu (the Temple of Literature) was built in 1070 by King Ly Thanh Tong

≠ Descending Dragon

renamed it Thang Long (Ascending Dragon).The

country was renamed Dai Viet

99 Trận đánh Battle (n) /ˈ bætl/ This is the model of the battle against the Chinese

Sung at the Cau River in 1077

100 Tuyên

bố/công bố Declare (v)

BrE /dɪ ˈ kleə (r)/

NAmE /dɪ ˈ kler/

In 968, Dinh Bo Linh defeated the twelve lords and

unified the country He declared himself King and

named the country Dai Co Viet This name remained throughout the Dinh Dynasty (968-980), Pre-Le Dynasty (980-1009) and the beginning of Ly Dynasty (1010-1225)

101 Tuyên ngôn độc lập

Declaration of Independence

/ˌ deklə ˈ reɪ ʃ n/

/ˌ ɪ ndɪ ˈ pendə n s/

The Declaration of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam was proclaimed by Uncle Ho on the 2nd of September, 1945 in Hanoi’s Ba Dinh Square

102 Văn Miếu The Temple of