Sau các động từ propose, attempt, intend, continue, can’t bearc có thể dùng cả hai cấu trúc mà ý nghĩa không khác. Nhƣng thông thƣờng, to-infinitive đƣợc dùng hơn[r]
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CHUYÊN ĐỀ 9: INFINITVES AND GERUNDS (TO V VÀ V-ING)
A VERBS + TO DO SOMETHING
- What do you want to do?
- I hope to go to university next year
- We have decided to leave tomorrow
- My brother is learning to drive
- I want to Tom but failed to attract his attention
- He agreed to lend me some money
B VERBS + DOING SOMETHING
- I enjoy dancing
- Mary suggested going to the cinema
- I don‘t mind helping you with your exercises
- He tried to avoid answering my questions
- Have you ever considered going to another country?
- I‘ll do the shopping when I‘ve finished cleaning the floor
●Lưu ý:
Cấu trúc would like/love/hate/prefer + to do sth
- Jane would like to meet you
- I would love to go to Australia one day
- Would you like to have a cup of coffee with me?
C VERBS + TO DO/DOING SOMETHING (KHÁC NHAU VỀ NGHĨA)
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1 a stop to do something: dừng lại để làm gì
He stopped to have a rest because he felt tired
b stop doing something: chấm dứt một việc gì
Tom stopped smoking when his doctor told him how dangerous it was
2 a remember to do something: nhớ làm gì
b remember doing something: nhớ đã làm điều gì
- Please remember post the letters when you get to the office
-I‘m sure I locked the door I clearly remember locking it
3 a regret to do something: tiếc phải làm gì
-I regret to tell you that your application has been turned down
b regret doing something: tiếc đã làm gì
-He regretted going to America for his summer holiday
4 a forget to do something: quên làm điều gì
She‘s always forgetting to give me my letters
b forget doing something: quên đã làm điều gì
- I will never forget seeing the queen
5 a try to do something: cố gắng làm điều gì
He tried to learn well for the final exam
b try doing something: thử làm điều gì xem kết quả như thế nào
- Try putting some more vinegar That might make it taste a bit better
6 a like to do something: muốn, quen làm điều gì
- I like to get up early so that I can get plenty of work done before lunch
b like doing something: thích làm điều gì
- I like walking in the rain
7 a need to do something: cần phải làm gì
- He needs to work harder if he wants to make progress
b need doing something: cần phải được làm gì
- Do you think my jacket needs cleaning?
D VERBS + TO DO/DOING SOMETHING (KHÔNG/ÍT KHÁC NHAU VỀ NGHĨA)
a Sau động từ start/begin có thể dùng to-infinitive hoặc verb-ing
- How old were you when you first started/ began to paly/ playing the piano? Tuy nhiên, phải dùng to-infinitive trong hai trường hợp sau đây:
1 Khi động từ start/begin đã được dùng ở hình thức tiếp diễn
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- When I got off the train it was beginning/ starting to rain
2 Theo sau động từ start/ begin là hai động từ understand và realise
- She began to understand realize what he really wanted
b Sau các động từpropose, attempt, intend, continue, can’t bearc có thể dùng cả hai cấu trúc mà ý nghĩa không khác Nhưng thông thường, to-infinitive được dùng hơn
- I can’t bear getting/ to get my hands dirty
- He intends doubling/ to doublethe advertising buget
c Sau các động từ allow, advise, forbid, permit và recommend, verb-ing được dùng khi không có tân ngữ
- Sorry, we don‘t allow smoking in this room
- We don‘t allow people to smoke in this room
- I wouldn‘t advise taking the car
- I wouldn‘t advise you to take the car