Loại câu điều kiện này dùng để diễn tả một sự kiện có thể xảy ra hoặc có thể thực hiện được ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai. Ex: If the rain stops, I shall go for a walk. If he works hard, he[r]
Trang 1NỘI DUNG TỰ HỌC MÔN ANH KHỐI 10 (16/3 – 22/3) CONDITIONAL SENTENCE (CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN)
1 Conditional type 1 and 2 (Câu điều kiện loại 1 và loại 2)
a) Câu điều kiện loại 1: Điều kiện có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai
Cấu trúc:
Cách dùng:
Loại câu điều kiện này dùng để diễn tả một sự kiện có thể xảy ra hoặc có thể thực hiện được ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai
Ex: If the rain stops, I shall go for a walk
If he works hard, he will pass his examination
b) Câu điều kiện loại 2: Điều kiện không thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai
Cấu trúc:
Cách dùng:
Loại câu điều kiện này dùng để diễn tả một sự kiện không thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai (mặc dù động từ trong câu mang hình thức quá khứ)
Ex:If Nam were here, he would know the answer
(Nhưng hiện giờ cậu ấy không có mặt ở đây)
If he knew my phone number, he would telephone me (Tình huống thật là anh ta không biết số điện thoại của tôi) If I were you, I wouldn‟t buy that cap
(Tình huống thật là anh ta đã mua cái mũ đó rồi) Lưu ý:
Past subjunctive tense: (Thì quá khứ giả định) Thì quá khứ giả định giống như thì quá khứ đơn, ngoại trừ were dùng cho tất cả các ngôi
2 Conditional type 3 (câu điều kiện loại 3) – Điều kiện không thể xảy ra trong quá khứ
Cấu trúc:
Cách dùng:
Loại câu điều kiện này dùng để diễn tả một sự việc không thể xảy ra trong quá khứ
Ex: If I had had money, I would have bought a new house
(Nhưng thực tế tôi đã không có tiền và tôi đã không mua) If
it had rained yesterday, I should not have come
(Thực sự hôm qua trời không mưa, và tôi đã đến)
Lưu ý:
Loại câu điều kiện này được dùng để hối tiếc dĩ vãng, hối tiếc một sự việc đã rồi
TÓM TẮT BA LOẠI CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN
IF CLAUSE (Simple Present)
MAIN CLAUSE (Simple future)
S + will, shall , can , may … + V
IF CLAUSE (Past subjunctive)
MAIN CLAUSE
S + would , could , might + V
IF CLAUSE (Past perfect tence)
MAIN CLAUSE
S + would , should… + have + Vp.p
Trang 2Loại Mệnh đề IF Mệnh đề chính
1 S + V (s, es)… S + will, shall, can, may … + V
2 S + V2 / (V-ed) / were S + would , could , might + V
3 S + had + V3/(V-ed) S + would / could / should… + have + V3/(V-ed)
Exercise 1 Put the verb into the correct form
1 If my grandfather were (be) still alive, he would be a hundred today
2 (offer) to give you a lift if I had my car here
3 Where (you/ choose) if you could live anywhere in the world?
4 If you (drive) from London to Glasgow, which way would you go?
5 If I (live) out of town, I (take) up the garden
6 We (not have) any money if we (not work)
7 I (not mind) living in England if the weather (be) better
8 If I were you, I (not wait), I (go) now
9 If we (have) more reliable car, we (drive) to Spain rather than fly
10 If Mr Morgan (be) still head teacher, he (not permit) such bad behaviour
Exercise 2 Comment on these situations Use a type 2 conditional
I Alan always overeats at lunch because he never eats breakfast
Ex: If Alan ate breakfast, he wouldn't overeat at lunch
2 I don't know enough about the machine, so I can't mend it myself
3 I don't ride the bus to work every morning because it's always so crowded
_
4 Not enough money is spent on cancer research, so a prevention has not been found
_
5 The wind is blowing hard so I won't take the boat out for a ride
_
6 Nick can't find the way because he hasn't got a map
_
7 Schroeder ignores Lucy so she gets angry at him
_
8 I can't look the word up because I haven't got a dictionary
_
9 Linus is smart, so he finds clever solutions to life's problems
_
10 We don't visit our parents very often because they live so far away
_
Exercise 3 Complete these conversations Put the verbs in brackets into the first or second conditional
1 A: We're not late, are we?
B: No We will be (be) fine if we leave (leave) in the next ten minutes (if 1)
2 A Come on can't you and Anne be friends?
B: No, I (speak) to her again unless she (say) sorry for what she's done
3 A :So you think it's my fault that I feel so tired?
B:Yes, you (feel) much better if you (go) to bed at a reasonable time
4 A: What's your idea of the most perfect place for a holiday?
B: I think I (go) to the Seychelles if I (have) the money
5 A: Do you and your brother get together very often?
Trang 3B: No, we (see) each other -more if we (live) closer, but he lives in Scotland
6 A: Is it going to be a big party?
B: Yes, if most people (come), there (be) about 100 of us
7 A Let's go to the beach
B: No, it's too cold If it (be) warmer, I (not mind) going to the beach
8 A: I don't know what happened to my dictionary I've looked everywhere for it
B: What (you/ do) if you (not find) it?
9 A Do you have any plans for next year?
B: Well, I (travel) if I (can afford) it But I don't have any money
10 A: Why do you read newspapers?
B: Well, if I (not read) newspapers, I (not know) what was happening in the world
Exercise 4 Choose the correct completion
1 I'm not an astronaut If I an astronaut, I my camera with me on the rocket ship
c were/ had taken d was/ would have taken
2 Don't throw aerosol into a fire An aerosol if you it into a fire
a will be exploded/ throw b would explode/ threw
c explodes/ will throw d can explode/ throw
3 That sounds like a good offer I it if I you
a had accepted/ were b will accept/ am
c would accept/ were d accepted' were
4 Nora is using my car right now If she it back in time Your welcome to borrow it
a brought b would bring c will bring d brings
5 If energy inexpensive and unlimited, many things in the world would be different
6 If you all of my questions, I anything to help you
a don't answer/ can't do b didn't answer/ won't do
c wouldn't answer/ can't do b wouldn't answer/ couldn't do
7 If I wings, take an airplane to fly home
a have/ won't have to b had/ wouldn't have
c have/ will have to d had/ didn't have to
8 'Here's my phone' number
'Thanks, I you a call if I some help
a will give/ will need b would give/ needed
9 If we serious about pollution, we more money on research
c were/ would spend d are/ will spend
10 Sea water is salty If the oceans of fresh water, there plenty of water to irrigate all of the deserts in the world
a consisted/ would be b consisted/ were
c would consist/ could be d consist/ will be