Trang 3/5 – Mã đề thi 001 Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34.. Visit[r]
Trang 1SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TP.HCM TRƯỜNG THPT NGUYỄN DU
Trang 2TRƯỜNG THPT NGUYỄN DU
TỔ TIẾNG ANH
KẾ HOẠCH VÀ NỘI DUNG ÔN THI TỐT NGHIỆP THPTQG
Năm học: 2019 - 2020 Thời gian: Từ ngày 20/4
- Common SOUNDS: s/ed/u/i/ou…
- STRESS with 2 and 3 more syllable words
(11/5 – 17/5)
- If/ would rather/ as if/ wish 2 Dự trù
Online Tuần 5
(18/5 – 24/5)
Online Tuần 6
(25/5 – 31/5)
Online Tuần 7
(1/6 – 7/6) - Review 1 - Relative clauses + Reduce
- Modals Tuần 8
(8/6 – 14/6) - Review 2 - Comparisons
- Conjunctions Tuần 9
Trang 3PHONETICS
I SOUNDS:
5 a brothers b weekends c problems d secrets
7 a concerned b raised c developed d maintained
9 a sacrificed b trusted c recorded d acted
12 a average b indicate c application d grade
13 a specialize b variety c particular d wide
17 a grasses b stretches c comprises d potatoes
19 a attitude b survive c introduce d human
20 a chemical b priority c crisis d primary
II STRESS
1 a hospital b mischievous c supportive d special
2 a biologist b generally c responsible d security
3 a confident b important c together d exciting
4 a possible b university c secondary d suitable
7 a example b consider c several d attention
8 a situation b appropriate c informality d entertainment
10 a restaurant b assistance c usually d compliment
11 a impolite b exciting c attention d attracting
12 a mechanic b chemistry c cinema d finally
13 a typical b favorite c division d organize
14 a disappearance b vulnerable c conservation d generation
16 a extinction b animal c classify d primary
17 a biologist b seriously c commercial d identify
18 a habitat b different c industry d introduce
19 a medicine b endanger c addition d survival
Trang 4Tag questions (Câu hỏi đuôi)
Câu hỏi đuôi là câu hỏi ngắn thường được thêm vào ở cuối câu Nó được dùng để kiểm chứng
lại lời nói trước đó
Ex: You can speak French, can’t you?
➢Cách thành lập câu hỏi đuôi:
- Nếu mệnh đề chính ở thể phủ định thì câu hỏi đuôi ở thể khẳng định và ngược lại
Ex: He doesn’t buy a poor house, does he?
You are thirsty, aren’t you ?
- Nếu động từ trong mệnh đề chính là động từ thường thì động từ này sẽ được thay thế
bằng trợ động từ (do/does hoăc did)
Ex: She sells her motorbike, doesn’t she?
We had breakfast in that restaurant, didn’t we?
- Nếu động từ trong mệnh đề chính là động từ đặc biệt thì động từ đặc biệt này sẽ được
lặp lại trong câu hỏi đuôi
Ex: They can’t swim very fast, can they?
- Nếu động từ trong mệnh đề chính là trợ động từ (be, have, did,…) thì trợ động từ này sẽ
được lặp lại trong câu hỏi đuôi
Ex: He is an honest person, isn’t he ?
She didn’t go to school yesterday, did she?
They have been to Japan, haven’t they ?
- Nếu chủ từ trong mệnh đề chính là một danh từ chung hay danh từ riêng thì trong câu
hỏi đuôi danh từ đó phải được thay thế bằng một nhân xưng đại từ tương ứng
Ex: Your daughter is a university student, isn’t she?
His son studied abroad, didn’t he?
Tom looks very handsome, doesn’t he?
You and I met the teacher yesterday, didn’t we?
Children shouldn’t have too many sweets, should they?
➢Một số dạng đặc biệt:
- Trong lối nói thông thường, câu hỏi đuôi của I am … là aren’t I? Còn trong tiếng Anh
trang trọng là am I not ?
Ex: I am your friend, am I not (aren’t I?)
- Nếu chủ ngữ trong mệnh đề chính là chủ ngữ giả there hay it thì chủ ngữ đó sẽ được lặp
lại trong câu hỏi đuôi
Ex: There are two books on the table, aren’t there ?
It’s terrible day, isn’t it?
- Nếu chủ ngữ trong mệnh đề chính là no + danh từ, nothing, everything, this, that…
thì chủ ngữ của câu hỏi đuôi là it
Ex: No sugar isn’t added, is it?
This is your hat, isn’t it?
Everything is Ok, isn’t it?
- Sau Let’s… là shall we?
Ex: Let’s sing together, shall we?
- Sau câu mệnh đề, sai khiến:
Ex: Come and see me tomorrow, will you?
Lưu ý:
1 Nếu câu có “wish” thì phải dùng “may I?”
2 Nếu câu có “must”:
a Câu mang ý nghĩa bắt buộc, cấm đoán:
His daughter mustn’t go out after 22 o’clock, must she?
b Câu mang ý nghĩa cần thiết:
Trang 5I think it will rain tomorrow, won’t it?
Exercise: Add question tags to the following statements
1 He hardly ever makes a mistake, ?
2 Nobody liked the play, ?
3 She’d save money if she bought fresh food, _ ?
4 She’s very funny She’s got a great sense of humour, _ ?
5 The area was evacuated at once, ?
6 Mr Smith usually remembered his wife’s birthdays, ?
7 It never works very well, _ ?
8 He ought to have made a note of it, ?
9 Neither of them offered to help you, ?
10 There’ll be plenty for everyone, ?
11 Let’s go out for dinner tonight, _ ?
12 That isn’t Bill driving, ?
13 Nothing went wrong, ?
14 There used to be trees here, ?
15 This won’t take long, ?
16 Don’t touch that button, ?
17 I’m too late, ?
18 Not a very good film, ?
19 Somebody wanted a drink, _ ?
20 I think you’ve seen this one before, _ ?
21 Nobody understands what the stranger man has said, _?
doesn’t he
22 There has been a great increase in retail sales, ?
A hasn't there B isn't there C isn't it D doesn't
it
23 People don't like the way he shows off, ?
he
24 She had to do the shopping for her neighbor, _?
she
25 “Buy me a newspaper on your way back, _?”
26 A fence needs the support of three stakes, _?
A needn’t it B doesn’t it C don’t they D does
it
27 Nobody died in the accident, ?
they
28 Her parents rarely let her stay out late, ?
29 Michael rarely returns to his hometown, ?
30 Sue rarely misses a chance to do voluntary work, ?
31 Mary rarely uses social networks, ?
Trang 6TENSES
I Lý thuyết: (Xem ở cuối đề cương)
II Bài tập:
1 Yesterday while I (to read) in my study, Tom (to come) in and (to ask) me to lend him a
dictionary “I (to prepare) tomorrow’s English lesson,” he (to say), “and I find several words
that I (not to know)”
2 “On Saturday there is no class So I probably (to go) for a walk tomorrow and I (to be) back at
eleven-thirty for lunch” – “Don’t come back so early, dear I still (to cook) the meal”
3 I (to e) very busy recently Last week I (to be) at the office every evening until seven o’clock
and this week extra work (to keep) me there until seven-thirty every evening
4 “Why are you so late ? I (to wait) here more than an hour” – “Sorry, but just as I (to get)
ready to start, a friend (to call) and (to stay) a long time I (to come) as soon as e (to leave)”
5 He told his wife that he (to be) back about six o’clock and (to ask) her to have dinner ready
about seven o’clock He said that he (to bring) three friends back with him, so he (to want) her
to prepare a specially good meal
6 This morning when I (to get) to the station, I (to learn) that the train I had expected to get (to
leave) ten minutes before The station-master (to tell) me that the time-tables (to be) altered
the previous week
7 Your train (to leave) at seven o’clock Why you (to sit) here doing nothing as though you (to
have) plenty of time? You (to pack) your bag yet ? I (to order) a taxi to come at half-past ten
and it (to be) nearly ten o’clock now
8 That man (to teach) in this school since 1985 Before he (to come) here, he (to live) in Hue
Now he (to live) in the suburbs and (to come) to school every day on his bicycle
Question 1 The boat was sailing north when a terrible storm
Question 2 As soon as my mother _ home, it began to rain
Question 3 When he _ tomorrow morning, he will tell us about the match
A will arrive B arrives C will be arriving D has arrived
Question 4 Scarcely her song when the audience started to cheer
A had the singer finished B has the singer finished
C the singer has finished D the singer finished
Question 5: Only after he _ the job as a computer programmer did he realise how much he
loved it
A has left B had left C was leaving D would leave
Question 6 Since I moved in, my upstairs neighbors _ their stereo loudly every night
Question 7 When my parents for a visit tomorrow, they will see our new baby
A will arrive B arrived C will have arrived D arrive
Question 8 When Sarah saw the snake, she _
Trang 7Question 10 Since the computer _it has made considerable changes to our daily life
invented
Question 11 The film for half an hour when I got to the cinema
A had been shown B has shown C was shown D had shown
Question 12: Only after the teacher the procedure clearly were the students allowed to
go ahead with the experiment
A would explain B had explained C was explaining D has explained
Question 13 The statue broke while it to another room in the museum
moved
Question 14 When I found my purse, someone the money out of it
Question 15 George _a shower when suddenly someone knocked at the door
Question 16 No sooner than things went wrong
A had she arrived B he has arrived C he had arrived D did he arrive
Question 17 No sooner _the office than the telephone rang
A was he leaving B had he left C has he left D he had left
Question 18 He will finish his work before you _here tomorrow
Question 19: Only after she from a severe illness did she realise the importance of good
THE PASSIVE VOICE
I Look at these sentences:
Active: Mr Brown wrote the report yesterday
Trang 8(1) (2) (3) (4)
II Remember these things:
1 The Active object becomes the Passive subject
2 The Passive verb is a form of BE + PAST PARTICIPLE
3 The Active subject becomes BY + AGENT (Noun / Object Pronoun)
The main thing is to use the correct form of BE:
a) The Active verb is ONE word:
AM / IS / ARE (Simple Present) WAS / WERE (Simple Past) 1- Mr Green teaches history
History is taught by Mr Green
2- The manager sacked ten workers
Ten workers were sacked by the manager
b) The Active verb is TWO or MORE THAN TWO WORDS
The same form as the active verb
In agreement with its subject
3- John will deliver the letter
The letter will be delivered by John
4- The fire has destroyed many houses
Many houses have been destroyed by the fire
5- The police are questioning Tom
Tom is being questioned by the police
6- The enemy used to attack the bay
The bay used to be attacked by the enemy
7- The engineers are going to build the bridge
The bridge is going to be built by the engineers
4 The position of adverbs and preposition phrases in the passive sentences:
a) Adverbs of place stand before BY + AGENT
8- His children are carrying the chairs into the house
The chairs are being carried into the house by his children
b) Adverbs of time stand after BY + AGENT
9- Dr Blake will read this report at the conference at 2 P.M
This report will be read at the conference by Dr Blake at 2 P.M
c) Adverbs of manner usually stand between BE and the Past participle
10- The boss has treated them badly
They have been badly treated by the boss
11- The clerk did not check these numbers carefully yesterday
These numbers were not carefully checked by the clerk yesterday
5 BY + AGENT (by me / you / him / her / them / us / people / someone, etc.) is generally
omited from the Passive sentence
12- People speak English all over the world
English is spoken all over the world (by people)
13- They must have stolen your bicycle
Your bicycle must have been stolen (by them)
BE
BE
Trang 9NOTES:
1 If there are TWO OBJECTS in the Active sentence, either of them may become the subject
in the Passive sentence
14- They told me the truth
-> I was told the truth
-> The truth was told (to) me
- 15- They may give you the result soon
-> You may be given the result soon
-> The result may be given (to) you soon
2 In the pattern Subject + Verb + Object + Infinitive without to with Verbs of perception
like SEE, HEAR, WATCH, NOTICE, etc,… and the verbs MAKE and KNOW, the Infinitive
without TO becomes the Infinitive with TO
16- I never hear him shout at his children
He is never heard to shout at his children
- 17- They made me do it
I was made to do it
- 18- I have never known that man lie before
That man has never been known to lie before
3 Prepositions that are closely connected with certain verbs and Adverbial particles that
belong to two-word verbs are not omitted from the Passive sentence
19- They prevented her from taking the medicine
She was prevented from taking the medicine
- 20- The nurse will look after the babies
The babies will be looked after by the nurse
4 TWO common passive constructions with verbs expressing opinions and rumours like SAY,
REPORT, THINK, ASSUME, BELIEVE, RUMOUR, etc
a) Subject + BE + Past Participle + Infinitive with TO
b) It + BE + Past Participle + THAT – clause
Examples:
21- People say that prevention is better than cure
a) Prevention is said to be better than cure
b) It is said that prevention is better than cure
22- Everybody believed that he had died in battle
a) He was believed to have died in battle
b) It was believed that he had died in battle
Trang 10Practice:
1) English in many countries in Africa
A speaks B is speaking C is spoken D has spoken
2) A new bridge over the river at present
A constructed B is constructed C is constructing D is being constructed
3) They are going to demolish those slums for the street
A to widen B widening C to be widened D being widened
4) The school boy _ in the accident
A seriously injured B seriously was injured
C was seriously injured D to be injured seriously
5) The house really needs
A for repainted B to be repainting
6) Nothing _ about it
A.can do B can be done C can’t be done D be able to do
7) that the earth is round
C People are believedD There is believed
8) Five people injured in the traffic accident
A reported to be B are reporting
C are to be reported D are reported to be
9) I will have my brother _ the motor – bike for me
A repair B to repair C repairing D repaired
10) She was made over the passport
11) The burglar is thinking to have broken in through the bathroom window
Trang 11THE CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
A conditional sentence often has a main clause and a subordinate clause (if-clause) The
subordinate clause may be placed before or after the main clause
There are three main types of conditional sentences:
Tense
PROBABLE Simple present Simple Future PRESENT-UNREAL Past Subjunctive Present Conditional PAST-UNREAL Past Perfect
Subjunctive Perfect Conditional
I PROBABLE CONDITIONS
* These conditions may be easily fulfilled in the present of future time
- If I have time, I shall visit you
- You will be late for class if you do not hurry
NOTES:
a) Instead of the Simple Future, we can use CAN / MAY / MUST + VERB (without TO) or
the Imperative in the main clause
1- If you try hard, you can pass the examination
2- If anyone asks for me, tell him to call back in half an hour
b) The Simple Present may be used in the main clause to show a real condition
3- If you are right, I am wrong
II PRESENT – UNREAL CONDITIONS
* These conditions are contrary-to-fact in the present or future time
* The Past Subjunctive is formed exactly like the Simple Past, except BE (which is WERE
with all persons)
* The Present Conditional is SHOULD / WOULD / COULD / MIGHT / MUST + VERB
(without TO)
4- If I were you, I should help him
5- She would speak English better if she had more practice
NOTES: Instead of Past Subjunctive, WERE TO or SHOULD + VERB (without TO) may be
used in the If-clause to emphasize the feeling of doubt
6- If she were to (If she should) see you here, she would be very surprised
III PAST – UNREAL CONDITIONS
* These conditions are contrary-to-fact in the past
* The Past Perfect Subjunctive is formed exactly like the Past Perfect
* The Perfect Conditional (or Modal Perfect) is SHOULD / WOULD / COULD / MIGHT /
MUST + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
7- If I had known she was sick, I should have visited her
8- He would have been angry if you had not told him the truth
NOTES: The Past Perfect Subjunctive in the In-clause may be replaced by COULD HAVE +
PAST PARTICIPLE
9- If he could have seen you, he would have explained our plan
GENERAL NOTES ON THE CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
a) IF may be omitted and WERE, SHOULD or HAD (and sometimes DID) is placed before
Trang 1210- Did she have more practice, she would speak
English better (If she had more practice,…) 11- Were she to (Should she) see you, she would be very surprised (If she ) 12- Had I known she was sick, I should have visited her
b) UNLESS: IF … NOT (Nếu không)
13- These plants will die unless you water them regularly
(These plants will die if you do not water them regularly) 14- Unless your health improved, you would have to stay in bed
(If you health did not improve, you would have to stay in bed
c) * PROVIDED (THAT), ON CONDITION (THAT), AS LONG AS, SO LONG AS: miễn là, với
điều kiện là:
* SUPPOSE, SUPPOSING : giả sử như
* IN CASE : nhỡ mà, trong trường hợp, nếu, phòng khi
* EVEN IF : ngay cho là, dù là
15- I will accept the job provided the salary is satisfactory
16- Supposing the third world war were to happen, human civilization would be destroyed
17- In case I forget, please remind me of my promise
18- Even if we had been invited, we could not have come because we were very busy
EXERCISES
Supply the correct verb tense, paying careful attention to the tense sequence:
1 If war (come), the nation will be ready
2 If today (be) Sunday, we should not have to work
3 If you don’t study your lessons, you (have) poor marks in the examination
4 If she had had your address, she (write) to you
5 I (catch) cold if I went out in the rain
6 If the weather is nice, we (go) to the beach
7 If she (write) more carefully, she might not have made so many mistakes
8 Were he to speak to the like that, I (be) very angry
9 Supposing your father (see) you going to the movies with me, what might he think?
10 If it (be) convenient, let’s meet at three o’clock
Trang 13PRACTICE
1 If I were you, I _ that coat It’s much too expensive
a won’t buy b don’t buy c wouldn’t buy d didn’t buy
2 If I could speak Spanish, I next year studying in Mexico
a will spend b had spent c would have spent d would spend
3 It would have been a much more serious accident fast at the time
a was she driving b she had driven c had she been driving d if she drove
4 ‘Can I borrow your car this evening?’ ‘Sure, but Nora’s using it right now If she it
back in time You’re welcome to borrow it.’
a brought b would bring c will bring d brings
5 If energy inexpensive and unlimited, many things in the world would be different
6 We the game if we’d had a few more minutes
7 I William with me if I had known you and he didn’t get along with each other
a hadn’t brought b didn’t bring c wouldn’t have brought d won’t bring
8 The lecturer last night didn’t know what he was talking about, but if Dr Mason I
would have listened carefully
a lectured b had been lecturing c was lecturing d would lecture
9 If you to my advice in the first place, you wouldn’t be in this mess right now
a listened b will listen c had listened d listen
10 interested in that subject, I would try to learn more about it
11 If I the same problems you had as a child, I might not have succeeded in life as well as
you have
12 I you sooner had someone told me you were in hospital
a would have visited b visited c had visited d visit
13 more help, I could call my neighbor
a Needed b Should I need c I have needed d I should need
14 then what I know today, I would have saved myself a lot of time and trouble over
the years
a If I know b If I would know c Did I know d Had I known
15 Do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people the same
language?
a speak b will speak c spoke d had spoken
Trang 14THE REPORTED SPEECH(STATEMENTS IN REPORTED SPEECH)
I Look at these examples:
1 He said, “I will leave here tomorrow”
He said that he would leave there the following day
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (5)
2 Mary said to me: “I saw them at this place”
Mary told me that she had seen them at that place
(1) (2) (3) (4) (3) (5)
II Remember to make these FIVE changes:
(1) Repeat the Introducing verb SAY (example 1) or change SAY TO to TELL (example 2)
(2) Change the Comma (,), or Colon (:) to THAT and omit the Quotation marks (“……”)
(3) Change the Personal pronouns and Possessive adjectives, if necessary, according to the
meaning of the sentence
(4) Change the verb in the direct speech one step into the past if the introducing verb
(usually TO SAY) is in any past tense
- Simple present → Simple past
- Present Continuous → Past continuous
- Present Perfect → Past Perfect
- Simple Past → Past Perfect
- Past continuous → Past Perfect Continuous
- Simple Future → Future in the past
- Present Conditional → Perfect Conditional
* The Past Perfect and the Perfect Conditional are not changed
(5) Change the words showing Place and Time, if the Place and Time are different, so that
the meaning is quite clear
- to night → that night
- tomorrow → the next day (the following day / the day after)
- yesterday → the day before (the previous day)
- next week / month / year → the next week / month / year
(the following week / month / year)
- last night / week / month / year → the night / week / month / year before
(the previous night / week / month year)
GENERAL NOTES:
a) THAT may be omitted from the reported sentence
- She said, “I have not finished my exam paper”
- She said (that) she had not finished her exam paper
b) It is not always necessary to express the words showing place and time
- She said, “I’m coming to see you now”
- She said that she was coming to see me (THEN is not necessary)
c) The auxiliary MUST is often changed to HAD TO; MUST NOT (MUSTN’T), which
expresses a prohibition, remains unchanged: NEED NOT (NEEDN’T) is changed to DID
NOT HAVE TO
- The teacher said, “You must do the exercises carefully”
The teacher said that we had to do the exercises carefully
Trang 15- The girls said, “You needn’t come with us if you don’t want to”
The girls said that I didn’t have to come with them if I didn’t want to
d) The Simple Past in the direct speech is not changed if the meaning is quite clear
- Tom said to me, “My mother died of cancer in 1985”
Tom told me that his mother died of cancer in 1985
e) If the direct speech expresses a general truth, the tense of the verbs can remain
unchanged in the reported speech
- He said, “The earth revolves around the sun”
He said that the earth revolves around the sun
f) When the introducing verb is in the Simple Present, Present Continuous, Present
Perfect, or Simple Future, the tenses of the verbs in the direct speech do not change
The words showing Place and Time also remain unchanged
“You have to stay here”
The doctor says that
is saying that I have to stay here has said that
will say that
EXERCISE
Change the following sentences from direct to reported speech:
1 Paulo said, “I want to buy a pocket calculator for my father”
2 “The store isn’t going to open on New Year’s Day,” the man informed us
3 She said, “I once spent a summer here in this village”
4 The students said, “We’ll be sitting for our exams next Monday”
5 The nurse said, “The patient in this room did not obey your orders, Doctor”
6 “The house will seem so empty without you and Tom,” Mrs Brown said to Susan
7 “If she knew the truth, she would be unhappy,” David told me
8 Peter said to Suzy, “I may come when I’ve finished my work”
9 These students speak English very well,” the visitors remarked
10 Mother said, “I think it won’t rain tomorrow”
Trang 16THE REPORTED SPEECH
(Continued)
QUESTIONS IN REPORTED SPEECH
I Look at these examples:
1 He said, “Where can I find her in this town?”
He asked (me) where he could find her in that town
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
2 She asked : “Will it rain tonight?”
She asked (me) if it would rain that night
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
II Remember to make these FIVE changes:
(2) Change the introducing verb SAY to ASK (INQUIRE, WONDER, WANT TO KNOW…) Add
an object to the verb ASK in the reported sentence, if necessary
Omit the Comma (,) or Colon (:), Quotation marks (“……”), and Question mark (?)
(3) Repeat the Question words (WHERE, WHEN, WHY, WHO, WHAT, HOW…) of the direct
question (example 1)
If the direct question has no question word, place IF or WHETHER before the subject in
the reported question (example 2)
(4) Change the Personal pronouns and Possessive adjectives, if necessary, according to the
meaning of the sentence
Place the subject before the verb as in the statement
(5) Change the verb tense in the direct speech, if the introducing verbs is in any past tense
(the same as in STATEMENTS)
(6) Change the words showing Place and Time, if the place and time are different (the
same as in STATEMENTS)
NOTES: In questions which show polite requests, SHALL becomes SHOULD (with all three
persons), and WOULD remains WOULD (with all three persons) in reported questions
- He said, “Shall I open the windows?”
He asked (me) if he should open the windows
- He said, “Would you mind telling me the time?”
He asked (me) if would mind telling him the time
EXERCISES
Change the following sentences into indirect form:
1 Mr Smith said, “Where are you going on your vacation this year?”
2 “Did the mechanic finish repairing my car?” she said
3 “Why has David been looking so miserable lately?” she wondered
4 “Was anyone badly hurt in the automobile accident last night?” I asked my friend
5 The manager said, “When will it be convenient for you to start work, Miss Snow?”
6 The boys said, “Must we be here at six or can we come a little late?”
7 “Do you know which is the cup you used?” she asked her son
8 “Which country was the first to send a man into space?” the teacher asked
9 “Shall I be seeing you next week?” John said to his girlfriend
10 Mrs Baker said, “Tom! Why don’t you go to bed?”
Trang 17THE REPORTED SPEECH
(Continued)
ORDERS AND REQUESTS IN REPORTED SPEECH
I Look at these examples:
1 She said to Bill, “please wait for me here”
She asked Bill to wait for her there
(1) (2) (3) (4)
2 He said: “Don’t touch anything in this room!”
He ordered us not to touch anything in that room
(1) (2) (4)
II Remember to make these FIVE changes:
(1) Change the introducing verb SAY to TELL; bảo, (ASK: yêu cầu, ORDER: ra lệnh…)
according to the meaning of the sentence
Add an object to the verb TELL (ASK, ORDER,…) in the reported speech
Omit the Comma (,) or Colon (:), Quotation marks (“……”), the word PLEASE, and the
(3) Change the Personal pronouns and Possessive adjectives, if necessary, according to the
meaning of the sentence (the same as in STATEMENTS)
(4) Change the words showing Place and Time, if the place and time are different (the
same as in STATEMENTS)
NOTES:
A question with WILL or WOULD expressing a polite request, invitation, or offer may be
reported in two ways: a) as a question or b) as a request
- “Will you please be here at nine o’clock?”
a) He asked me if I would please he there at nine o’clock
b) He asked me to be there at nine o’clock
“Would you come back a little later?”
c) She asked if he would come back a little later
d) She politely told him to come back a little later
EXERCISE
Change these sentences into indirect (reported) speech:
1 The manager said, “Come into my office, please”
2 The teacher said to us, “Don’t make so much noise”
3 Mr Green said, “Please come to our dinner tonight, Bill”
4 “Don’t call me again at this late hour!” Susan said to Tom
5 “Hurry up if you want to go out with me,” Father said
6 The driver said, “Don’t get off the bus while it’s going”
7 “Show me what you have in your hand,” she told the boy
8 “Stay where you are and don’t touch anything!” ordered the policeman
9 “Do what you’re told or you’ll get into trouble,” he warned the man
10 “Ring my boss and tell him I won’t be back till tomorrow”, she said
Trang 18PRACTICE
1 “Why don’t you put a better lock on the door?” said John
A John suggested to put a better lock on the door
B John asked why not putting a better lock on the door
C John suggested putting a better lock on the door
D John made us put a better lock on the door
2 “You ought to slow down a bit,” the doctor told him
A The doctor begged him to slow down B The doctor made him slow down
C The doctor threatened him to slow down D The doctor advised him to slow down
3 Kate said, “You are not as intelligent as I thought, Bill”
A Kate had thought that Bill was stupid
B Kate had thought that Bill was more intelligent
C In Kate’s opinion, Bill was not so intelligent as her
D Kate told Bill to think about his intelligence
4 Mr Brown said, “Could you please wait here about half an hour?”
A Mr Brown asked me if I had been able to wait there about half an hour
B Mr Brown asked me if I could wait there about half an hour
C Mr Brown asked me to wait there about half an hour
D Mr Brown asked me if I was pleased to wait there about half an hour
5 “Who did you come to the party with?” said Tom to Lyn
A Tom asked Lyn who did she come to the party with
B Tom wanted to know with who Lyn had come to the party
C Tom asked Lyn who she had come to the party with
D Tom asked Lyn who she had come to the party with?
6 “Don’t be so disappointed, Bill You can take the driving test again,” said Helen
A Helen told Bill not to be disappointed and not to take the driving test again
B Helen told Bill to be disappointed because of the driving test again
C Helen said Bill not to be disappointed in order to take the driving test again
D Helen encouraged Bill to take the driving test again
7 The mother said to her daughter, “You must be back home by 8 o’clock.”
A The mother told her daughter that she must be back home by 8 o’clock
B The mother said that her daughter would be back home by 8 o’clock
C The mother suggested her daughter to be back home by 8 o’clock
D The mother told her daughter to be back home by 8 o’clock
8 “You’re always making terrible mistakes,” said the teacher
A The teacher complained about his students making terrible mistakes
B The teacher asked his students why they always made terrible mistakes
C The teacher realized that his students always made terrible mistakes
D The teacher made his students not always make terrible mistakes
9 Mary said, “Would you like some tea, Peter?”
A Mary asked Peter to make her some tea
B Mary wanted to know if Peter like tea
C Mary offered to make some tea for Peter
D Mary and Peter asked for some tea to drink
10 “I’ll certainly help you tomorrow,” said Tom to Helen
A Tom promised to help Helen the day after
B Tom announced that he would help Helen the day after
Trang 1911 “No, I didn’t steal anything from her,” said Henry
A Henry confirmed that he had stolen things from her
B Henry refused to steal things from her
C Henry denied stealing things from her
D Henry said no to stealing things from her
12 “ You ought to slow down a bit”, the doctor told him
A The doctor begged him to slow down
B The doctor made him slow down
C The doctor threatened him to slow down
D The doctor advised him to slow down
13 Kate said, “ You are not as in telligent as I thought, Bill”
A Kate had thought that Bill was stupid
B Kate had thought that Bill was more intelligent
C In Kate’s opinion, Bill was not so intelligent as her
D Kate told Bill to think about his intelligence
14 Mr Brown said “ Could you please wait here about half an hour?”
A Mr.Brown asked me if I had been able to wait there about half an hour
B Mr.Brown asked me if I could wait there about half an hour
C Mr.Brown aked me to wait there about half an hour
D Mr.Brown asked me if I was pleased to wait there about half an hour
15 “ Who did you come to the party with?” said Tom to Lyn
A Tom asked Lyn who did she come to the party with
B Tom wanted to know with who Lyn had come to the party
C Tom asked Lyn who she came to the party with
D Tom asked Lyn who she had come to the party with?
16 “ Don’t be so disappointed, Bill You can take the driving test again” said Helen
A Helen told Bill not to be disappointed and not to take the driving test again
B Helen told Bill to be disappointed because of the driving test again
C Helen said Bill not to be disappointed in order to take the driving test again
D Helen encouraged Bill to take the driving test again
17 The mother said to her daughter, “ You must be back home by 8 o’clock”
A The mother told her daughter that she must be back home by 8 o’clock
B The mother said that her daughter would be back home by 8 o’clock
C The mother suggested her daughter to be back home by 8 o’clock
D The mother told her daughter to be back home by 8 o’clock
18 “ You’re always making terrible mistakes” said the teacher
A The teacher complained about his students making terrible mistakes
B The teacher asked his students why they always made terrible mistakes
C The teacher realized that his students always made terrible mistakes
D The teacher made his students not always make terrible mistakes
19 Mary said, “ Would you like some tea, Peter?”
A Mary asked Peter to make her some tea
B Mary wanted to know if Peter like tea
C Mary offered to make some tea for Peter
D Mary and Peter asked for some tea to drink
20 “I’ll certainly help you tomorrow,” said Tom to Helen
A Tom promised to help Helen the day after
B Tom announced that he would help Helen the day after
C Tom asked if Helen wanted him to help her the day after
D Tom told Helen to help him the day after
21 “No, I didn’t steal anything from her,” said Henry
Trang 20C Henry denied stealing things from her
D Henry said no to stealing things from her
22 “ Don’t forget to go to the supermarket after work,” said Pete’s wife
A Pete’s wife reminded him to go to the supermarket after work
B Pete’s wife invited him to go to the supermarket with her after work
C Pete’s wife warned him to go to the supermarket after work
D Pete’s wife allowed him to go to the supermarket afer work
23 “ Unless you give me a pay rise, I’ll resign,” said Mike
A Mike asked for a pay rise before he would resign
B Mike asked to resign without a pay rise
C Mike threatened to resign if he didn’t have a pay rise
D Mike was asked to resign without any pay rise
24 “ If I were you, I would send this information to her” Harry said to Andrei
A Harry said that he would send the information to her on Andrei’s behalf
B Harry advised Andrei to send the information to her
C Harry encouraged Andrei sending the information to her
D Harry wanted to become Andrei in order to send the information to her
25 “Would you mind if I smoked in here?” said the man
A The man wanted me not to smoke in there
B The man wanted me to smoke in there
C The man asked for permission to smoke in there
D The man offered me a cigarette to smoke in there
26 “ Let’s have dinner out this evening,” said George
A George wanted to have dinner out alone
B George suggested having dinner out
C George invited them having dinner out
D George let other have dinner out
Trang 21VERB FORMS
LÝ THUYẾT: XEM Ở CUỐI ĐỀ CƯƠNG
BÀI TẬP:
I Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets
1 I didn‟t have enough time (finish) my work yesterday
2 As she drove past his house, she noticed him (run) away from home
3 I was relieved (find out) that I had passed the exam
4 She made her son (wash) the windows before he could go outside
(play) with his friends
5 She lets her children (stay) up very late
6 We had nothing (do) except look at the cinema posters
7 We both heard him (say) that he was leaving
8 It made him angry (wait) for people who were late
9 I couldn‟t understand what the passage said, so I had my friend (translate) it
for me
10 It‟s important (start) the meeting on time
11 There are too many people here for me (talk) to all of them
12 It took ages (download) the pictures from the Internet
13 Whenever I have free time, I like (watch) the basketball team
14 She sent me an e-mail (inform) me that the meeting had been canceled
15 It was a thrill (see) my brother (win) the chess tournament last year
1 Instead of buying a new pair of shoes, I had my old ones
a repair b to repair c repairing d repaired
2 It‟s possible a train across Canada
a take b to take c taking d to be taken
3 Now that we‟ve finished painting the house, there is nothing left
a to do b for doing c to be done d for being done
4 Before we leave, let‟s have Shelley a map for us so we won‟t get lost
5 I can hear a cat at the window
a scratches b to scratch c scratching d was scratching
6 I think your mother should let you your own mind
a make up b to make up c making up d made up
7 The police never found the money in the robbery
a stealing b be stolen c steal d stolen
8 Do you know what made so many people their home ?
a evacuate b to evacuate c evacuated d be evacuated
9 bread, you usually need flour, salt, and yeast
10 We saw our favorite ballet at the theater last night
a perform b performing c performed d in perforning
11 He was never heard “thank you” in his life
12 I was delighted my old friends again
13 to friends is nice but alone is also enjoyable
a Talk / to be b To talk / be c Talk / be d Talking / being
14 I‟d rather to Elvis than the Beatles
a listen b to listen c listening d listened
15 I can make myself pretty well in English
Trang 22III Put the werb into correct form: infinitive, to-infinitive, or-ing
1 You shouldn‟t let your children (play) with matches It‟s very easy
(catch) fire
2 I enjoy (be) busy I don‟t like it when there is nothing (do)
3 Let‟s hurry! We must finish (paint) the office before 3:00 today
4 As we don‟t agree (carry out) a proposal we generally avoid
(discuss) the subject
5 I don‟t mind (remind) you (lock) the door, but you‟d better
(try) _ (remember) on your own
6 Please stop (interrupt) when I‟m explaining something to you You can
(ask) questions at the end
7 He admitted (enter) the house but refused (steal) the money
8 I don‟t really fancy (spend) my whole holiday with your cousins I‟d rather
(spend) my time with you
9 We had hoped (finish) the project by the end of the month but we keep
(delay) by changes in the plans
10 You‟d better (go) and see the boss and say what you‟ve done If you put off
(explain) it to her, she‟ll only more annoyed
11 No, that‟s not what I meant (say) How can I make you
(understand)?
12 Those shirts need (iron), but you don‟t need (iron) them now
13 Are we permitted (bring) guests to the ceremony? I‟d like
(invite) my friend to join us
14 Children shouldn‟t be allowed (watch) violent programs on TV Parents should
encourage their children (watch) educational programs
15 It‟s no use (try) (persuade) her (change) her
mind Spend your time (do) something more worthwhile
IV Choose the correct answer
16 I don‟t mind late, if it will help at all
a to wrok b to be work c working d being working
17 I remember to the zoo when I was a child
a to take b to be taken c taking d being taken
18 We managed over the wall without
a to climb / seeing b climbing / being seen
c to climb / being seen d to be climbed / seeing
19 Isabel expected to the university, but she wasn‟t
a to admit b to be admitted c admitting d being admitted
20 The city council agreed the architect‟s proposed design for a new parking
garage
a to accept b to be accepted c accepting d being accepted
21 The tin opener seems for left-handed people
a to design b to be designed c designing d being designed
22 My parents appreciate the thank-you note you sent them
a to receive b to be received c receiving d being received
23 When the police first questioned him, Wayne denied in robbery
a to involve b to be involved c involving d being involved
24 Many reliable methods of storing information tended when computers arrived
a to forget b to be forgotten c forgetting d being forgotten
25 The police warned everybody inside with their windows closed
a to stay b to be stayed c staying d being stayed
Trang 2326 She resented to make tea for everyone at the meeting
a to ask b to be asked c asking d being asked
27 Let‟s leave early We can‟t risk in heavy traffic during rush hour
a to hold up b to be held up c holding up d being held up
28 After their children had grown up, they decided to a condominium in the city
a to move b to be moved c moving d being moved
29 The new students hope in many of the school‟s social activities
a to include b to be included c uncluding d being included
30 Does Dr Johnson mind at home if his patients need his help?
a to call b to be called c calling d being called
Trang 24REVIEW 1
1 The Magic Hat _ at 12 a.m every Saturday
A broadcast B broadcasts C is broadcasting D broadcasted
2 Many young people are fond of _ football and other kinds of sports
3 The whistle signaled the end of the first half The match will continue after half-time and now AC Milan _ Juventus by 2 goals to nil
4 _ any letters from him lately?
A Do you receive B Have you received
C Are you receiving D Had you received
5 I _ a meeting at the office this time tomorrow, so you can phone me
later in the evening
A have B have had C will have had D will be having
6 The moon _ around the earth
A has moved B moves C is moving D will move
7 She said she _ that film years before
8 America, which is considered to be a new continent, it is said _ by
Christopher Columbus
C to be discovered D being discovered
9 They couldn’t help _ when they heard the little boy singing a love song
10 Your house needs _
A redecorated B redecorating C being redecorated D to redecorate
11 I remember _ them to play in my garden
12 It’s about time you _ harder for the next exam
A work B are working C worked D have worked
13 Your eyes are red, _, darling?
A Are you cried B Do you cry C Will you cry D Have you been crying
14 While my mother _ a film on TV, my father was cooking dinner It was
March 8th yesterday
A watched B was watching C had watched D was watched
15 The next train _ at 7 p.m., so get ready now
A leaves B is leaving C will leave D has left
16 I meant to get up early but I forgot _ up my alarm clock
17 If he really doesn’t feel like _ now, I suggest that he should go out for
some fresh air
18 It was a nasty memory Do you remember both of us wearing sunglasses to avoid
_ by the supervisors?
A to recognize B to be recognized C recognizing D being recognized
19 I can’t bear thinking back of that time I’d rather _ equally
A treat B be treated C have treated D have been treated
20 Neither my colleagues nor I _ particularly interested in the training
course next month
21 The car was _ to be seen
A somewhere B nowhere C anywhere D everywhere
Trang 2523 I’m afraid she’s got _ of the qualities we need for a promoter
24 _ Which one would you like to have?
_ _ of them is OK, I think
25 We had expected many of them to come, but only _ showed up
26 No one is a better cook than his mother, _?
A is no one B are they C isn’t she D aren’t they
27 Her car is more economical, but _ is faster than _
A my / her B mine / her C it / hers D mine / hers
28 Every man and woman _ responsible for what he or she does
29 All students in the school are free to join any club they wish or _
30 Some people believe in _, but _ don’t
A them / the other B themselves / another
C theirs / others D themselves / others
31 You have to work _ for the coming exam
32 That’s really an _ man He tells very good jokes
A amused B amusing C amusedly D amusingly
33 The secret of getting good marks is to keep _ in the exam room
34 It was such _ news that they all sat there saying nothing
35 _, there are no such so-called ghosts
A Science B Scientist C Scientific D Scientifically
36 I cut myself _ I was shaving
37 You’ll see my house _ you cross the street
38 He just had to apologize _ he knew he had made a mistake
39 I often feel tired _ I get up in the morning
40 No sooner had he come home _ he knew he had dropped his wallet
41 _ the church service, people keep quiet
42 _ in doubt about taking the medicine, consult your doctor
43 She hasn’t received a single letter from him _ they both left school
44 _ I am aware, this is the last talk on the topic
45 He wouldn’t have failed his exams _ he hadn’t been ill
46 What will you do when you _ away for the weekend?
47 _ he gets home before us and can’t get in?
Trang 2648 _ you change your mind, I won’t be able to help you
49 _ you keep it in good condition, I’ll lend you my car
A So long as B Although C Because D While
50 Fail to pay the bill _ they will cut off the electricity
51 If a driver _ suddenly on a wet road, he will skid
52 If I saw a tiger walking past me, I _ a tree
A climb B will climb C would climb D had to climb
53 It is such an important matter _ I can’t decide anything about it myself
54 He hid that letter in a drawer _ no one could read it
55 _ Tom was unable to see anything, he knew someone was in his room
56 _ other workers’ constant objection, the director dismissed the worker
A Because B Because of C Although D In spite of
57 No one else in the class plays the guitar _ John
A as well B as far as C so well as D as soon as
58 The town was nearer _ we thought it would be
59 some scientists use lasers for military purposes, others use them in
medicine
60 It seems those students haven’t learnt this grammar point before
A so that B as if C such that D even though
61 He doesn’t seem to be successful hard he works
A whatever B although C because D however
62 They were disqualified they fought to the last minute
63 The teacher explained the lesson twice the students understood it clearly
A as long as B so that C because D as if
64 Peter looks he hasn’t been able to sleep for some time
A as though B as for C as well as D as far as
65 Huong didn’t participate in the contest her lack of confidence
A because B because of C since D despite
66 English in many countries in Africa
A speaks B is speaking C is spoken D has spoken
67 A new bridge over the river at present
A constructed B is constructed C is constructing D is being constructed
68 They are going to demolish those slums for the street
A to widen B widening C to be widened D being widened
69 The school boy in the accident
A seriously injured B seriously was injured
70 The house really needs
A for repainted B to be repainting C being repainted D repainting
71 Nothing about it
A can do B can be done C can’t be done D be able to do
72 that the earth is round
Trang 2773 Five people injured in the traffic accident
A reported to be B are reporting C are to be reported D are reported to be
74 I will have my brother the motor-bike for me
A repair B to repair C repairing D repaired
75 She was made over the passport
76 Christmas Eve, people often have parties late at midnight
80 They will have built this road the end of the year
81 Please take the picture the wall It’s too old now
82 Jane got the bus when it stopped then she walked into a café
83 My house is not too far my school
84 Mary was standing front of her desk
85 They stepped the stairs many times just for fun
A to and fro B back and forth C up and down D in and about
86 Scientists are searching some other kinds of energy
87 Alice has been absent the last two classes
88 All of us are fond listening to music
95 His illness prevents him coming to the party
96 I missed the train catch to work
A which usually B that usually C usually for me D I usually
97 They are excellent students I have complete confidence
Trang 2898 The Smiths, house had been destroyed in the explosion, were given rooms
in a hostel
99 They’re my two brothers, are architects like me They don’t like the job
A both of those B neither of whom C neither D who neither
100 I‘ve no idea he behaved strangely at the meeting
Units 1&2 Tenses of verbs (SGD)
1 She with her sister at the moment until she finds a flat
A stays B is staying C will stay D has stayed
2 It was noisy because our neighbours a party
A had B had had C have had D were having
3 I this computer for more than 10 years, so I’m thinking of getting a new one
A have B have had C have been having D am having
4 Will you tell him the truth when he _ tomorrow?
A is returning B will return C returns D is going to return
Unit 3 Reported speech
5 The doctor _ stay in bed for a few days
A said that I B told me to C told that I should D said to me I should
6 The girls _ coming to the meeting on time
A suggested them B asked us C offered D apologized for not
Unit 4 Passive voice
7 This beautiful dress _ especially for me by a French tailor
A is made B was made C has been made D made
8 Much progress on computers _ since its invention
A have been made B has been made C have made D has made
Unit 5 Conditional sentences
9 If the motorbike cheaper, I would have bought it
A had been B were C could be D had not been
10 If you had sent the application on time, they _ you for an interview now
A would have called B will call C would call D will be
11 I’m going now you want me to stay
A providing B provided C as long as D unless
Unit 6 Relative clauses
12 I’m looking for a cooker I saw in this shop a few days ago
13 We must find a time we can tell them the truth
A when B whose C why D which
Unit 7 (Al)though / even though
13 He didn’t take a rest _ he was exhausted
A although B in case C but D because
14 He went to school _ his flu
A because of B despite C although D even though
Unit 8 Prepositions and articles
15 A computer is useful means for language learning
A the B an C a D some
16 Would you like milk in your coffee?
A the B a C any D some
17 Of course I will be taking advice on this matter, but the end, it is up to me to decide
Trang 29Unit 9 So, but, however, therefore
18 It is one possible solution to the problem , there are others
A However B But C Therefore D Whereas
19 I'm sorry, I think you're wrong when you say she did it deliberately
A however B therefore C but D so
Unit 10 May, might, must(n’t), need(n’t)
20 You concern yourself with the hotel booking The travel agent will take care of it
A mustn’t B needn't C may not D might not
21 You take photographs in here It's forbidden
A may not B might not C needn’t D mustn't
22 In the future, it be possible to fly across the Atlantic in about thirty minutes
Unit 11 Modals in the passive voice
23 They advise that a passport _ with you at all times
A should be carried B should carry C can be carried D is carried
24 Cancellations _ in writing
A must make B can make C must be made D made
Unit 12 (in)transitive verbs
25 A lot of smoke was _ from the chimney
A raised B risen C raising D rising
26 Everyone realized that the news her
A wasn’t surprised by B didn’t surprise
C weren’t surprising D weren’t surprised by
Unit 13 Comparative and comparative - The comparative, the comparative
27 The we start, the sooner we will be back
A early B earliest C earlier D more early
28 Every day she sinks _ into depression
A far and far B farther and farther
C further and further D more farther
Units 14 & 15 Phrasal verbs and verb + preposition
29 She doesn’t approve _ my leaving school this year
A with B of C for D about
30 He turned _ the job because it involved too much traveling
Unit 16 Adverbial clauses of time
31 Please let us know your decision _ you can
A after B as soon as C while D as
32 Once he starts a job he won't stop _ it's finished
RELATIVE CLAUSE
1 Defining relative clauses (Mệnh đề tính từ (quan hệ) xác định):
Mệnh đề tính từ được gọi là xác định khi nó cần thiết cho ý nghĩa của cả câu Bỏ nó đi, câu sẽ không đủ nghĩa Trong trường hợp này giữa mệnh để chính và mệnh đề tính từ không có dấu phẩy
Ex: The story which you told me last night was interesting
Nếu ta chỉ viết The story was interesting (Câu chuyện rất hay) thì câu không đủ nghĩa, vì ta không biết
đó là câu chuyện nào Vì vậy mệnh đề which you told me last night là mệnh để tính từ xác định
Ex: The woman who lived near my house died of cancer
The couple who we met on holiday have sent us a card
2 Non-defining relative clause (Mệnh đề tính từ không xác định)
Mệnh để tính từ không xác định là mệnh đề không cần thiết cho ý nghĩa của cả câu Bỏ nó đi, mệnh đề chính vẫn có đầy đủ ý nghĩa Nó chỉ thêm vào mệnh đề chính một ít chi tiết mà thôi Trong trường hợp này giữa mệnh đề chính và mệnh đề phụ có dấu phẩy
Ex: Shakespeare, who wrote Romeo and Juliet, died in 1616
Câu trên có thể viết Shakespeare died in 1616 cũng đầy đủ ý nghĩa rồi Who wrote Romeo and Juliet chỉ là một chi tiết thêm vào câu mà thôi, chứ nó không cần thiết lắm
Trang 301/ Trước danh từ quan hệ có: this, that, these, those, my, her,…
Ex: My mother, who is fifty years old, is a teacher
2/ Từ quan hệ và tên riêng hoặc danh từ riêng
Ex: Mr Smith, who has a lot of teaching experience, will join us in this new year
Lưu ý: ⬧ Đối với mệnh đề tính từ không xác định, ta không được dùng that để thay thế cho which, who, whom và cũng không được lược bỏ đại từ quan hệ
⬧ Đại từ quan hệ who (m), that, which được lược bỏ khi nó là túc từ trực tiếp trong MĐQH xác định
3 Relative pronouns with prepositions (Đại từ quan hệ có giới từ)
Trong tiếng Anh trang trọng, giới từ thường đứng đầu mệnh đề tính từ Tuy nhiên, trong văn nói giới từ thường đi sau chủ ngữ và động từ của mệnh đề tính từ
Ex: 1 The picture was beautiful She was looking at it
→ The picture which / that she was looking at was beautiful
→ The picture at which she was looking was beautiful
2 The man is my uncle You talked to him last night
→ The man who(m) you talked to last night is my uncle
→ The man to whom you talked last night is my uncle
Lưu ý: Nếu giới từ đứng đầu mệnh đề tính từ thì chỉ có whom và which được áp dụng trong trường hợp này mà thôi, giới từ không bao giờ đi với who và that
4 Relative clause replaced by participies and to infinitives (Mệnh đề tính từ thay thế bằng
phân từ và động từ nguyên mẫu có to)
Mệnh đề tính từ có thể được rút gọn bằng cụm từ hoặc cụm động từ nguyên mẫu có to
1 Có hai loại phân từ: hiện tại phân từ (V-ing) và quá khứ phân từ (Vp.p)
- Đối với những mệnh đề tính từ có động từ chính ở dạng chủ động, ta dùng hiện tại phân từ để rút
gọn
Ex: 1 The woman who spoke to Hoa is my sister
→ The woman speaking to Hoa is my sister
2 Do you know the girl that is drinking coffee over there?
→ Do you now the girl drinking coffee over there?
- Đối với những mệnh đề tính từ có động từ chính ở dạng bị động, ta dùng quá khứ phân từ để rúit
gọn
Ex: The Sport Games, which was held in India in 1951, were the first Asian Games
→ The Sport Games, held in India in 1951, were the first Asian Games
- Đối với những mệnh đề tính từ có động từ be + cụm giới từ, ta chỉ dùng cụm giới từ mà thôi
Ex: The books that are on the table belong to Nam
→ The books on the table belong to Nam
2 Cụm động từ nguyên mẫu có “to” có thể được dùng sau các từ như: the first, the second, … the last /
only… và sau so sánh nhất
Ex: Yuri Gagarin was the first man who flew into space
→ Yuri Gagarin was the first man to fly into space
Lưu ý:
Động từ nguyên mẫu trong trường hợp này có ý chủ động, còn nếu diễn đạt ý bị động ta phải dùng
nguyên mẫu ở thể bị động
Ex: This is the second person who was killed in that way
→ This is the second person to be killed in that way
5 Revision of relative clauses (ôn lại mệnh đề quan hệ / tính từ)
Có hai loại: mệnh đề quan hệ xác định và mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định
Sở hữu , whose + danh từ , whose / of which
Trang 316 Omission of relative pronouns (Lược bỏ đại từ quan hệ)
Trong tiếng Anh thân mật, ta có thể lược bỏ đại từ quan hệ (who(m), which, that) khi chúng làm chức năng tân ngữ Còn khi chúng làm chức năng chủ ngữ thì chúng ta không thể lược bỏ được
Ex: The man whom I met yesterday was very friendly
→ The man whom I met yesterday was very friendly
Trong trường hợp đại từ quan hệ làm chức năng tân ngữ cho giới từ thì ta phải đem giới từ ra sau động
từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ rồi ta mới bỏ đại từ quan hệ được
Ex: The teacher to whom you talked is my brother
→ The teacher whom you talked to is my brother
→ The teacher whom you talked to is my brother
7 Cleft sentences (Câu chẻ hay còn gọi là câu nhấn mạnh)
Để nhấn mạnh một từ hay cụm từ bằng cách đưa từ hay cụm từ đó vào cấu trúc It + be + … sau động
từ to be còn lại ta đưa tất cả vào mệnh đề quan hệ ở phía sau Cấu trúc này ta gọi là câu chẻ
Ex: Mr Cuong teaches English in Chu Van An High School
S V O Adv
→ It is Mr Cuong that teaches English in Chu Van An High School
(nhấn mạnh chủ ngữ - subject focus)
→ It is English that Mr Cuong teaches in Chu Van An High School
(nhấn mạnh tân ngữ - object focus)
→ It is in Chu Van An High School that Mr Cuong teaches English
(nhấn mạnh trạng ngữ - adverbial focus)
1 Subject focus (nhấn mạnh chủ ngữ)
It + be + subject + mệnh đề quan hệ
Ex: The boy gave her the book
→ It was the boy who gave her the book
2 Object focus (nhấn mạnh tân ngữ)
It + be + object + mệnh đề quan hệ
Ex: I met Lan at the party
→ It was Lan that I met at the party
3 Adverbial focus (nhấn mạnh trạng ngữ)
It + be + Adverbial modifier + mệnh đề quan hệ
Ex: She bought him a present at the shop
→ It was at the shop that she bought him a present
Lưu ý:
- Trong câu chẻ, đại từ quan hệ làm chủ ngữ thường được theo sau bởi động từ hòa hợp với tiền trí từ của
nó
Ex: It is the farmers who work in the fields
- Khi tân ngữ là danh từ riêng thì that được dùng rộng rãi hơn who Ex: It was Mr Manh that I saw
PRACTICE
Câu 1 Mark Twain is an author I like best
A his books B that books C the book of whom D whose books
Câu 2 Do you remember Mrs Goddard, taught us English composition?
Câu 3 Jane, you have never met before, is a genius in painting
Câu 4 Ann quit her job at the advertising agency, surprised everyone
Câu 5 There are some large tables students can sit and read books in the library
Câu 6 I think the reason we get on so well is that we both enjoy talking
Câu 7 The factory in John works is the biggest in the town
Trang 32Câu 8 The paintings _ Mr Flowers has in his house are worth around $100,000
Câu 9 Is this the address _ you want the package sent?
Câu 10 Do you have the book the teacher?
A that it belongs to B to which belongs to C to which belongs D that belongs to
Câu 11 (Choose the bold part that is incorrect) The nice couple with who we went on holiday
has just moved in next door
Câu 12 The teacher has not yet arrived
A who I wrote to you
B I wrote to you about him
C whom I wrote to you about him
D I wrote to you about
Câu 13 The first village _ was not far from the capital
A that I visited to B where I visited C to which I visited D I visited
Câu 14 What was that notice ?
A at that you were looking
B you were looking at
C you were looking at it
D which you were looking
Câu 15 Despacito, over four billion times on YouTube, is one of the most favourite songs among teenagers worldwide
A is viewed B which viewed C viewing D viewed
Câu 16 The pianist _ at the concert last night is internationally famous
Câu 17 Everyone the building was searched by the police
Câu 18 Only a few of movies on TV are suitable for children
Câu 19 Lady Astor was the first woman her seat in Parliament
Câu 20 It was in 1875 _ joined the staff of the astronomical observatory at Harvard
University
A that Anna Winlock B Anna Winlock, who C as Anna Winlock D Anna Winlock then
Câu 21 _ that Columbus discovered America
A In 1492 B That was in 1492 C It was in 1492 D There was in 1492
Câu 22 (Choose the bold part that is incorrect) It is the ASEAN Para Games that disabled
athletes have an opportunity to have their talents and efforts recognised
Trang 33Câu 23 Tom came to the party in patched jeans This surprised the other guests Most of them
were wearing evening dress
A Tom came to the party in patched jeans which surprised the other guests, most of them were
wearing evening dress
B Tom came to the party in patched jeans, which surprised the other guests, most of them were
wearing evening dress
C Tom came to the party in patched jeans which surprised the other guests, most of whom were
wearing evening dress
D Tom came to the party in patched jeans, which surprised the other guests, most of whom were wearing evening dress
Câu 24 These are the pictures My son drew them when he was young
A These are the pictures, which my son drew when he was young
B These are the pictures which my son drew them when he was young
C These are the pictures which my son drew when he was young
D These are the pictures in which my son drew when he was young
Câu 25: My mother enjoys hill walking
A who is in her seventies
B , that is in her seventies,
C which is in her seventies
D , who is in her seventies,
Câu 26: I missed the train catch to work
A which usually B that usually C usually for me D I usually
Câu 27: They are excellent students I have complete confidence
Câu 28: The Smiths, house had been destroyed in the explosion, were given rooms in a hostel
Câu 29: They’re my two brothers, are architects like me They don’t like the job
A both of those B neither of whom C neither D who neither
Câu 30: I’ve no idea he behaved strangely at the meeting
Câu 31: The day when I first met her then is still on my mind
Trang 34MODALS
LÝ THUYẾT: XEM VIDEO CLIP ( https://youtu.be/yS6fzsyXe0I )
BÀI TẬP:
1 When she was young, she swim across this river
2 He stop making personal calls at work, or he will lose his job
3 I clean the room before the guest arrives?
4 I use your computer for a minute?
5 My brother attend a university in the USA, but he isn’t sure yet
6 I think the principal of this school _ give students more freedom in choosing the courses they want to study
7 You wear jeans to school It’s not suitable
8 Excuse me, you please tell me when the next bus comes?
9 You ask for permission before going inside the room
10 The exhibition is free for all students We pay any fee
A must not B should not C had better not D haven’t got to
11 You eat those mushrooms They’re very dangerous
12 You see the doctor soon I think you may get H1N1
13 Is that Tom over there? ~ No It be him He’s not that all
14 They are doing very hard on their project It be very important to them
15 Hopefully, he walk again after the operation tomorrow
to
16 She has a linguistic ability; she speak five languages
17 He has failed the test again He be very sad
18 You explain that again because I understand everything now
Trang 3519 Take this umbrella with you because it rain this evening
20 As students, you show your disrespect to your teachers
21 He _ work very hard, he is a millionaire
A hasn’t to B mustn’t C doesn’t have to D not has to
22 I _ ride a bicycle when I was only 6 years old
23 All I know is that he _ be very wealthy man
24 I do that again It’s my promise
25 You _have been absent from that important session
26 The firemen _ put out the fire in just half an hour
27 You do it now, and do not argue
28 _ we go shopping this evening?
That’s a good idea
29 I’ve no idea why the car _ start What a nuisance!
30 She _ have been the one who caused the damage, I think She was not home then
REVIEW 2
1) A lot of things to the house before we can move in
A need be doing B need to be done C need being done D need to do
2) I’ll get my brother the heating
3) You come with us if you don’t want to
C aren’t supposed to D don’t have to
4) When he arrived,a crowd for several hours to greet him
A had been waiting B is waiting
C has been waiting D was waiting
5) She’s just bought a brand new car, so she be able to drive
6) she was an hour late, she didn’t apologize
A.In spite of B However C Even though D Because
7) They don’t like him at all He treats them _ they were children
8) There was a terrible _on Highway 10 this morning Five vehicles were involved
Trang 369) The religious wedding _takes place in a church
A performance B marriage C ceremony D engagement
10) I’m really _ to the party All my old friends will be there
A appreciating B thinking about C enjoying D looking forward
11) The hotel was so awful that we wrote a letter of to the travel agency when we got back home
12) You can’t _ on him at all He never does what he says he’ll do
13) It’s much too expensive We can’t possibly it
14) _ I think he’s really good live performer, and his songs are excellent
_ _ you can’t hear the words because the music is too loud
15) Hard work can often make _ for lack of intelligence
16) The forest fire went after three weeks
17) The experts were not fully that the animal was becoming extinct
A convinced B believed C realized D discovered
18) Men are better suited harder work
19) He opened the letter without _ to read the address on the envelope
A worrying B caring C fearing D bothering
20) I am very in the information you have given me
A concerned B surprised C worried D interested
21) The computer, the memory capacity has just been upgraded, is among the latest generations
22) Your friendly attitude makes _ for you to socialize
A its easy B easier it C it easier D it more easily
23) students in this class have trouble finding time to work out
A.Mostly all B Many of C Few D A great deal of
24) No – one in our class _ his opinion
A.agrees with B agree to C agrees to D agree with
25) will they return us the book?
_ May be in a week’s time
A How fast B How come C How long D How soon
26) One of the major recent is the development of laser in medical treatment
A accomplishments B accomplishment
27) This is a _ measure to cope with the probem
A weighty B underweight C overweight D weightless
Trang 37COMPARISONS
1 So sánh bằng (Equality)
Cấu trúc:
Khẳng định (positive): S + V + as + adj/adv + as + N/pronoun
Phủ định (negative): S + V + not + so/as + adj/adv + N/Pronoun
Ví dụ:
She is as beautiful as her sister
He is as stupid as his friend
2 So sánh hơn (Comparative)
Tính từ dài (Long Adj): S + V + more + adj/adv + than + N/pronoun
Ví dụ:
He is taller than his father
She speak English more fluently than her friend
Bảng một số tính từ so sánh đặc biệt cần nhớ
3 So sánh hơn nhất (Superlative)
Tính từ ngắn (Short adj):S + V + the + adj/adv + est + N/pronoun
Tính từ dài (Long adj):S + V + the most + adj/adv + N/pronoun
Ví dụ:
She is the most beautiful girl I have ever seen
This is the longest river in the world
Chú ý:
- Những tính từ ngắn kết thúc bằng một phụ âm mà ngay trước nó là nguyên âm duy nhất thì chúng ta
nhân đôi phụ âm lên rồi thêm "er" trong so sánh hơn và "est" trong so sánh nhất.(ex:hot >hotter/hottest)
- Những tính từ có hai vần,kết thúc bằng chữ "y" thì đổi "y" thành "i" rồi thêm "er" trong so sánh hơn và
"est" trong so sánh nhất(ex:happy >happier/happiest)
- Những tính từ/trạng từ đọc từ hai âm trở lên gọi là tính từ dài,một âm gọi là tính từ ngắn.Tuy nhiên,một số tính từ có hai vần nhưng kết thúc bằng "le","et","ow","er"vẫn xem là tính từ ngắn (ví dụ: slow > slower)
4 So sánh dạng gấp nhiều lần (Multiple Numbers Comparison)
Trang 38Ở dạng so sánh này, chúng ta sẽ sử dụng so sánh bằng và phải xác định được danh từ là đếm được hay không đếm được
Cấu trúc: S + V + multiple numbers + as + much/many/adj/adv + (N) + as + N/pronoun
Ví dụ:
The bicycle costs three times as much as the other one
Mary types twice as fast as I do
Lưu ý: twice that many/twice that much = gấp đôi ngần ấy chỉ được dùng trong văn
nói, không được dùng trong văn viết
The + comparative + S + V + the + comparative + S + V
Ví dụ: The sooner you take your medicince, the better you will feel
Mẫu câu 2:
The more + S + V + the + comparative + S + V
Ví dụ: The more you study, the smarter you will become
Mẫu câu 3: Đối với cùng một tính từ:
Short adj:S + V + adj + er + and + adj + er
Long adj:S + V + more and more + adj
Ví dụ: The weather gets colder and colder
6 So Sánh hơn kém không dùng “than”
Phải có “the” trước tính từ hoặc trạng từ so sánh Chú ý phân biệt với so sánh hơn nhất Thường trong câu sẽ có cụm từ “of the two+noun”
Ví dụ:
Harvey is the smarter of the two boys
Of the two books, this one is the more interesting
Trang 39PRACTICE (SPECIAL COMPARISON)
1 _ you study for these exams, _ you will do
a The harder / the better b The more / the much
c The hardest / the best d The more hard / the more good
2 My neighbor is driving me mad! It seems that _ it is at night, _ he plays his
music!
a the less / the more loud b the less / less
c the more late / the more loudlier d the later / the louder
3 Thanks to the progress of science and technology, our lives have become _
a more and more good b better and better
c the more and more good d gooder and gooder
4 The Sears Tower is _ building in Chicago
a taller b the more tall c the tallest d taller and taller
5 Petrol is _ it used to
a twice as expensive as b twice expensive more than
c twice more than expensive d more expensive than twice
6 Peter is _ John
a younger and more intelligent than b more young and intelligent than
c more intelligent and younger than d the more intelligent and younger than
7 San Diego is town in Southern California
a more nice and nice b the nicer c the nicest d nicer and
nicer
8 It gets _ when the winter is coming
a cold and cold b the coldest and coldest c colder and colder d more and more cold
9 Robert does not have _ Peter does
a money more than b as many money as c more money as d as much money as
10 The Mekong Delta is _ deltas in Vietnam
a the largest of the two b the more larger of the two
c one of the two largest d one of the two larger
11 As she did so, her parents became _
a the angriest b the most angry c the more angry d angrier and angrier
12 People should eat and do to reduce the risk of heart disease
a less fat / more exercise b less and less fat / the more exercise
c the less fat / the more exercise d fatter / more exercise
13 He spent a year in India and loves spicy food _ the food is, _ he likes it
a The hotter / the more and more b The hotter / the more
c The more and more hot / the more d The hottest / the most
14 Of course you can come to the party _
a The more, the merrier b The more and the merrier
c The more and merrier d The more and more merrier
15 I feel _ I did yesterday
a much more tired than b many more tired than c as many tired as d as more tired
as
16 She is _ a spectator
a more an athlete than b more of an athlete than
c an athlete more than d an athlete of more than
17 His house is _ mine
a twice as big as b as twice big as c as two times big as d as big as
twice
18 live in Ho Chi Minh City than in the whole of the rest of the country
a As much as people b More people c As many as people d People more
Trang 40c difficult more and more d more and more difficult
20 You must drive slower in built up areas _ you drive in the city, it is _ that you
will have an accident
a The faster and faster / the more b The faster / the more
probable
c The more and more fast / the more and more probable d The more fastly / the
probable
21 The party was _ I had expected
a more a hundred times fun than b a hundred times as fun as
c a hundred times more fun than d as fun as a hundred times
22 He finds physics _ other science subjects
a far more difficult than b many more difficult than
c too much more difficult than d more much difficult than
23 _ he drank, _ he became
a More / more violent b The most / the most violent
c The more / the more violent d The less / less violent
24 Mary was _ of the two sisters
a the clever b as clever as c the cleverer d the cleverest
25 French is a _ language to learn than English is
a difficult b more difficult c most difficult d more and more
difficult
26 The cuisine of France is _
a more famous than that of England b famous than the cuisine of England
c more famous than which of England d as famous than that of England
27 Earning money has always been the thing that pleases him most _ he becomes,
he is
a The more rich / the more happy b The richest / the happiest
c The richer / the happier d Richer and richer / happier and happier
28 The faster we finish, _
a the sooner we can leave b we can leave sooner and sooner
c the sooner can we leave d we can leave the sooner
29 Of all athletes, Alex is _
a the less qualified b the less and less qualified
c the more and more qualified d the least qualified
30 The climber was seventy miles in the wrong direction and got _
a more panicked b the more panicked
c more than panicked d more and more panicked