CHUYÊN ĐỀ I: CÁC THÌ CƠ BẢN TRONG TIẾNG ANH

b) Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra và kết thúc trong quá khứ nhưng thời gian không xác định rõ ràng hoặc kết quả có liên quan đến hiện tại... She has lost her phone. We have already done o[r]

HƯỚNG DẪN ÔN TẬP MÔN TIẾNG ANH

CHUYÊN ĐỀ 1 CÁC THÌ CƠ BẢN TRONG TIẾNG ANH

Giáo viên: Phạm Thị Thúy Phượng Trường: THCS Bình Khê

Ôn tập lý thuyết Bài tập thực hành

Bài tập về nhà Giải đáp thắc mắc

+ Present simple tense

+ Present progressive tense

+ Present perfect tense

+ Past simple tense

+ Past progressive tense

+ Future simple tense

* Cách dùng

* Cấu trúc

* Dấu hiệu nhận biết

I Present simple tense (thì hiện tại đơn)

1 Cách dùng

a Dùng để diễn tả thói quen hoặc hành động lặp đi lặp lại ở hiện tại

Eg: My father reads books every day.

b Dùng để diễn tả chân lý, sự thực hiển nhiên

The earth goes around the sun.

c Dùng để nói về một sự việc sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai- thường

áp dụng khi nói đến thời gian biểu, chương trình hoặc những kế hoạch đã được cố định

The train leaves for Hanoi at 5.00 p.m tonight

TENSES OF ENGLISH

2 Cấu trúc

* Lưu ý: HAVE I/ You/ We/ They + have

He/ She/ It + has haves

S + am/ is/ are + not +

am not

is not = isn’t are not = aren’t Am/ Is/ Are + S ….?

I/ You/ We/ They + V-inf +…… He/ She/ It + V-s/ es +…

I/ You/ We/ They + don’t + V-inf He/ She/ It + doesn’t + V-inf Do/ Does + S + V-inf +……… ?

3 Dấu hiệu nhận biết

II Present continuous/ progressive tense (thì hiện tại tiếp diễn)

1 Cách dùng

a) Diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra tại thời điểm nói hoặc xung

quanh thời điểm nói

The children are playing football now.

I am looking for a job.

b) Diễn tả 1 sự than phiền với hành động thường xuyên xảy ra ở hiện tại.Trong trường hợp này, câu thường có trạng từ tần suất "always"

They are always arguing

TENSES OF ENGLISH

c) Diễn tả một cái gì đó thay đổi, phát triển hơn.

The children are growing quickly.

I bought the ticket yesterday I am flying to Thailand tomorrow.

d)Để biểu đạt ý nghĩa tương lai theo kế hoạch đã định trước

1 Cách dùng

2 Cấu trúc

Lưu ý :

Không dùng thì hiện tại tiếp diễn với các động từ chỉ tri giác, nhận thức, tình cảm, sở hữu như : be, see, hear, feel, realize, seem, remember, forget, understand, know, like, want, smell, love, hate, own, have…

Ví dụ:

I am tired now I am being tired now.

I understand the question now I am understanding the question now.

I have a bike I am having a bike.

II Present continuous tense (thì hiện tại tiếp diễn)

S+ is/ am/ are + V-ing……

S+ is/ am/ are + not + V-ing…

Is/Am/Are + S + V-ing….?

My father is fixing his car

They are not playing soccer now

Are you going to the supermarket?

3 Dấu hiệu nhận biết:

- Trong câu có những từ: now, right now, at present, at the

EXERCISE 1 Present Simple or Present Continuous Tense

1 Listen ! Sam ( play) the piano.

2 Nam is one of my best friends He always (help) me do my homework.

3 Look! A man ( run) after the train He wants to catch it.

4 He (not study) at school on the weekend.

5 The students ( go) to school every day?

6 The children ( not play) in the kitchen at present

7 How often you (fly) to Spain ? – Every summer.

8 Your father (speak) English at work?

9 Lan (get ) up early to do morning exercise very often?

10 Where is Lan ? – She (lie) on a couch in the sitting room watching

is lying doesn’t study

is running

1 Cách dùng

a) Diễn tả hành động bắt đầu trong quá khứ nhưng còn kéo đến hiện tại.

They have lived here since 2010.

He has written the novel for 2 years.

b) Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra và kết thúc trong quá khứ nhưng thời gian không xác định rõ ràng hoặc kết quả có liên quan đến hiện tại.

She has lost her phone

We have already done our homework

c) Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra nhiều lần từ quá khứ đến hiện tại.

They have seen that film many times.

I have told you hundreds of times.

S + have/ has + PII

S + have/ has + not + PII

Have/ Has + S + PII….?

I have seen this film twice

I haven’t spoken to him yet Have you ever visited Japan? (PII= past participle.)

3 Dấu hiệu nhận biết:

- so far = until now = up to now = up to the present: cho đến bây giờ

- just : vừa mới

- already: đã rồi

- never….(before) : chưa bao giờ

- recently, lately: mới gần đây

- ever: đã từng

- yet: chưa

- This is the first / second/ third…time

- In the last/ past few days/ months/ years.

IV Past simple tense (thì quá khứ đơn)

1 Cách dùng

a) Diễn tả một hành động đã bắt đầu và kết thúc ở một thời điểm rõ ràng trong quá khứ

I received two bottles of milk two days ago.

She was at home yesterday morning

b) Diễn tả thói quen trong quá khứ:

He often went to school late last semester.

2 Cấu trúc

TO BE VERB+

She was at home yesterday

S + was not / were not…

She was not at home yesterday

Was she at home yesterday ?

Was / Were + S + … ?

S + V(past simple)……

He stayed up late last night

He didn’t stay up late last nightS + didn’t + V (infinitive) …

Did + S + V(infinitive) … ?

Did he stay up late last night ?

She went to Ha Noi two days ago

She didn’t go to Ha Noi two days ago

Did she go to Ha Noi two days ago?

3 Dấu hiệu nhận biết:

- in + mốc thời gian trong quá khứ (in 1980…)

- yesterday

- last (night, week, month, year…)

- khoảng thời gian + ago (three months ago…)

2 Cấu trúc

IV Past simple tense (thì quá khứ đơn)

1 Cách dùng

EXERCISE 2 Choose the best answer

1 When I was a child, I in Ho Chi Minh City.

A live C have lived D living

2 She German for two years.

B is learning C learn D learns

3 Robert recently ?

A Did you see C You have seen D Do you see.

4 London a lot since we first to live here.

A changed / came

C had changed / came D has changed/ come

5 Last year, they 22 million TV sets.

A were selling C has sold D had sold

6 I’m very tired I over four hundred miles today

A drive B am driving D have drived

7 The boy a letter yesterday.

B have written C written D writes

8 Your father a manager in this bank since last year ?

B did / work C was / being D have / been

9 Jane just a few minutes ago.

B has left C leaves D had left

10 Timson 13 films and I think her latest is the best.

A.made B had made D was making

B lived

A has learnt

B Have you seen

B has changed/ came

V Past continuous tense (thì quá khứ tiếp diễn)

1 Cách dùng

c) Chỉ 2 hoặc nhiều hành động dài xảy ra đồng thời trong quá khứ.

a) Diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ

We were singing at 10 o’clock last night.

He was playing football at this time last week.

b) Chỉ một hành động đang xảy ra trong quá khứ thì một hành động

khác xen vào, thường đi kèm when, while

I was watching TV when he came.

While they were learning English, the phone rang.

While I was reading, my sister was playing the piano.

TENSES OF ENGLISH

S + was/ were + V-ing…

S + was/ were + not + V-ing…

Was/ Were + S + V-ing…

I was learning English at 8 am last Sunday She was not sleeping when he came home Were the children playing when it rained?

- at this time + thời gian trong quá khứ (at this time two weeks ago, …)

- at + giờ chính xác + thời gian trong quá khứ

I was studying English at 8 pm last night

1 When I (arrive) at his house, he (sleep)

2 The light (go) out while we (have ) dinner 3 Who (drive) the car at the time of the accident ? 4 While Diana (watch) her favourite TV programme, there (be) a power cut 5 I (do) some shopping yesterday when I (see) your friend 6 What you (do) when I (come) to your office yesterday ? 7 He (study ) English at ten o’clock yesterday 8 When I (be) small, I often (go) to the zoo with my brother 9 My father (build) my house two years ago 10 Who you (talk) to when I (see) you in the street yesterday ?

was driving

was watching was

was studying

built

EXERCISE 4 Find the mistake in one of the underlined parts in each sentence

1 So far she spends a lot of time there chatting with her friends

1 So far she spends a lot of time there chatting with her friends

has improved

EXERCISE 4 Find the mistake in one of the underlined parts in each sentence

6 Linda has lost her passport again It’s the second time this happens

VI Future simple tense (thì tương lai đơn)

1 Cách dùng

a Diễn đạt một hành động được quyết định tại thời điểm nói

A: - This bag is very heavy.

B: - I will carry it for you.

b Đưa ra lời yêu cầu, đề nghị.

Will you open the door?

c Diễn đạt dự đoán không có căn cứ.

People will not go to Jupiter in 22nd century.

2 Cấu trúc

+ -

?

Lưu ý:

- I / we có thể dùng với cả “will” và “shall”, các ngôi còn lại chỉ dùng “will” Trong câu hỏi mang tính chất gợi ý, chỉ dùng “Shall I/ we… ?”, (không dùng “Will I/ we… ?”)

Eg: Shall I open the door ?

Shall we go out for dinner tonight ?

- Hình thức viết tắt:

will not = won’t : She will not / won’t go on a picnic

I will / shall = I’ll

VI Future tense (thì tương lai đơn)

1 Cách dùng

TENSES OF ENGLISH

S + will/ shall + V (infinitive)

S + will/ shall + not + V (infinitive)Will / Shall + S + V (infinitive)…?

3 Dấu hiệu nhận biết:

- in + khoảng thời gian (in 2 minutes…)

- tomorrow

- next ( next day/next week/ next month/ next year…)

- think/ believe/ suppose/ promise…

EXERCISE 5 Give the correct forms of the verbs in the parentheses

1 My teacher (teach) English at this school for six years

2 So far, you (make) no mistakes on this exercise

3 - I’ve got a terrible headache

- Have you ? Wait there and I (get) you some medicine

4 The weather usually (get) quite hot in July and August

5 It ( often/not/rain) in the dry-season

6 Where is Tom? – He (sit) on the chair under the trees over there

7 Look! The girl (dance) and the man (sing) beautifully

8 You have just missed the last train – Never mind I (walk)

9 While my mother (cook) dinner, the phone (ring)

10 Families in the Western world (change) very much in the last 100 years

11 I (come) to the airport with you tomorrow ?

12 The baby (sleep) Don’t make so much noise

has taughthave made

will/ shall get gets

doesn’t often rain

is sleeping

1 I started to play the piano 3 months ago.

played the piano for 3 months

heard from his family since June

hasn’t met his brother for 20 yearsthe first time I have seen that play

did you last see Maryalways go to school on timehas never seen snow before

we go to the cinema tonight

Preparing: Passive form