Khde vdi phrfdng phap tra Irfdng truyen Ihd'ng: Qua chii trgng dd'n bang cap hoac tham nien, khdng phdn bidt drfdc nang Iffc thffc hien cdng viec vd ddng gdp cua ed nhdn vdo hien thrf[r]
Trang 1BAN VE VAN DE Gltf NHAN TAI
BANG CHE DO LlTCfNG, THlJdNG
d CAC DOANH NGHIEP HIEN NAY
• VO HAI YEN
TOM TAT:
O cde doanh nghiep hien nay, md'u chd't quan Irpng cua canh tranh giffa cdc doanh nghiep chinh la nhdn tdi Ddy chinh la nhdn td quan tigng quyet dinh thdnh bai cua doanh nghidp Vi vdy, d^ giff nhdn tai d lai Iam vide lau dai va dam bao cdng bdng, thi doanh nghiep can ed ke hoaeh can bang Iffdng thffdng vdi ddng gdp cua ngffdi Iao dgng Bdi vie't d l cap dd'n nhffng thaeh thffc trong giff nhan tai, ede edng eu hffu hieu de giff nhan tdi trong eac doanh nghiep hien nay TuT khda: Nhdn lai; ch^ dd Iffdng, thffdng; doanh nghiep
1 Thach thffc giff nh§n tai
Navigos Group - Tap doan cung ca'p dich vu
tuyd'n dung nhdn sff hdng dau Viet Nam ngdy
10/01/2018 da cdng bd' dff lieu ve nhu can tuyen
dung nhdn sff trung va cao ca'p tai thi trffdng Viet
Nam thdng qua nhu cau luyen dung eua cde khdch
hdng dd'i vdi Navigos Search trong Quy IV/2017
Theo dd, nhu cau tuyen dung nhdn sff cd'p irung,
ca'p cao trong nam 2017 dang tid'p luc tang irffdng
so vdi ndm 2016 va cac nam trffdc Cu the Id, nhu
cau tuyd'n dung nhdn sff cap trung, cap eao tff cdc
khdch hang cua Navigos trong nam 2017 tang
trffdng 28% so vdi ndm 2016 Xet ridng quy
IV/2017, nhu cau tuyen dung eac vi tri cd'p Irung va
cap eao tdng trffdng 11% so vdi cung ky nam
ngoai Nhffng ITnh vffc dffng dau nhu eau luyen
dung eua phdn khiic ndy bao gdm: Dich vu, san
xual, hdng tieu dung - bdn le, tai chinh - ngan hang
vd cdng nghd thdng tin (DP, 2018) Ban khao sdl
eung ehi ra cd de'n 41% doanh nghiep Viet cam
tha'y khd khan trong viec lim ffng vien chd't Iffdng
eho vi tri quan ly
Theo bao cdo khao sat Iffdng mdi nha't vao nam
2019 dffdc thffc hien bdi edng ly Tu" vd'n va tuyen
dung Robert Walters, edc vi tri nhdn sff cap cao dffdc sdn ddn d td't ca cde Iinh vffc Ddy dffdc cho
Id do ldn sdng cac cdng ly nffdc ngodi gia nhdp thi Irffdng (dae biet Id nhdn hdng lieu diing nhanh); sff chuyen dich eae nhd mdy sdn xud'l tff Trung Qud'e sang Viel Nam dffdi tae dgng eua eac hiep dinh thffdng mai tu do; sff bung no eua ngdnh thifdng mai dien iff Trong Idii sff phdt trid'n nguon nhdn Iffc chffa bat kip tdc do phdt iri^n vd md r6ng eua thi trffdng ca ve so' Iffdng vd chd't Iffdng Nhffng so' lieu nay cho tha'y nhu cau nhdn siJ ca'p cao lai cac doanh nghiep hidn nay la rd'l ca'p thid't Dac biet la cae nhdn srf cd trinh do cao, mpt irong nhffng ye'u to' then ehd't dd'i vdi tiidnh cdng hay thd't bai eua doanh nghiep Vi vdy, ddy la mgt thach thffc ldn dd'i vdi cdc nhd quan tri nhdn sff Theo do, doanh nghiep can phai cd mgt ehinh sdch quan tri nhdn Iffe hidu qua, khdng ngffng ndng cao ehd'l Iffdng ngudn nhan Iffc vd giff nhffng "nhdn tai"
d lai, cdng hien cho cdng ty
2 Cdng cu hvtu hi^u dd' giff nhan tai
Vdy doanh nghidp phai Iam the' nao de gifl chdn nhdn tai? Mgt trong nhffng cdng cu hffu hidu trong vide giff nhdn ldi d cdc doanh nghidp hidn
Trang 2nay vdn Id vd'n de Iffdng, thffdng va ddc bidl la cdn
bdng ye'u Id' nay vdi ddng gdp eua ngffdi Iao ddng
de vffa giff dffde hg, vffa dam bao cdng bdng
Mdt Bdo cdo gin ddy vdi ten ggi "Chdn dung
nhan Iffc nganh san xud'l: Thdeh thffc vd cd hdi
trong nen cdng nghidp 4.0" dffdc Navigos Search
thffc hien vao thang 12/2018, dffa tren sff phdn tich
cua hdn 3.200 cdu tia Idi tff ffng vidn vd ngffdi tim
vide, cung nhff y kid'n cua hdn 200 doanh nghidp
nganh san xud'l, da cho ra kd't qua lop 5 ly do nghi
vide nhff Bang sau:
Bang Top 5 cdc ly do nghT viec tif cac
Lfng v i i n nganh son xudt
49%
43%
30%
16%
15%
15%
LJOng, che do phuc ldi khdng canh tranh
Che do thang tien I<h6ng rd rang
TanglUdng it va chdm
Khdng phu hdp vdi quan ly trijc tiep
Lam vide xa trung tam
Mdi trudng lam vide b| "d nhiern" bdi tieng on
ho§c khdng khi
Nguon: Navigos Seach
Du chi la bdo cdo trong nganh san xuat, nhffng
sff ddi ngd ve vdt chd't vdn dffdc coi dffde Id "chia
khda van nang" de giff ngffdi ldi, ben canh nhffng
van de nhff: lao di^u kien edn bang cude sd'ng cd
nhdn, mdi irffdng Idm vide, danh tie'ng cdng ty
Cud'i nam 2014, Thd' Gidi Di Ddng da thrfdng
hdn 5 tridu cd phid'u (tri gid hdn 500 ty ddng) cho
600 nhdn vien edng ly Day Id mdt trong nhffng
chinh sdch giff ngffdi hffu hieu da dffdc doanh
nghiep ndy dp dung thdnh edng nhieu nam Bang
chffng Id dff cae doanh nghiep nganh Bdn le cd
nhieu bie'n dgng vi nhdn sff, nhffng The' Gidi Di
Ddng vdn dn dinh va hidn cd hdn 15.000 lao ddng
Cud'i thang 4/2016, gidi kinh doanh xdn xao trffdc
thdng lin Cdng ly TNHH FES Viel Nam - ddn vi
sd hffu nhan hdng MaeCoffee - Cd phe Phd' (thudc
Tap doan Food Empire) thffdng de'n 10 chid'e d td
cho eae giam ddc kinh doanh (Thanh Ngdn, 2016)
Cd the' tha'y rang, ngoai mffc Iffdng, thi vide
doanh nghidp dffa ra nhffng khoan thffdng ldn
khdng gi khdc hdn la de giff nhdn tai - nhffng ngffdi
tao ra hidu qua Iao ddng vffdt trdi ddng gdp lo ldn
eho sff phat tiid'n cdng ty
Bdo cdo cua mang vide Idm trffc tuyd'n Anphabe va Nielsen edng bd' hoi giffa thdng 03/2016 eho thd'y, 3 yen id' quan trgng dffdc ngffdi
di Iam de eao trong khao sat la Irfdng, thffdng, phuc Idi Theo dai dien Anphabe, xu hffdng va ddng cd ngh^ nghidp eua ngffdi di Iam deu hffdng tdi sff dn dinh ve cdng viec va thu nhap dam bao
3 Giai phap de giff dffdc ngffoii tai
Tuy nhien, mffc Iffdng, thffdng nhff thd' ndo de' vffa dam bao sff edng bang, vffa tao ddng Iffc thu hut, giff dffdc ngffdi lai ludn la "bai loan" ddt ra dd'i vdi eae doanh nghiep Mgt trong nhffng hinh thffc tra Iffdng, thffdng hffu hidu nhd't hidn nay cd the' ke tdi hinh tiiffe 3P
Lrfdng 3P bao gom: (1) Pay for Position - Tra Iffdng theo vi tri Xac dinh mdi mffc Irfdng hoac mdt dai Irfdng (ngach Irfdng) trfdng ffng cho Iffng cdng vide Viec xde dinh mffc Irfdng hodc dai Irfdng cd the drfa trdn xdc dinh gid tri edng vide va mffc Irfdng tren thi irrfdng lao ddng;
(2) Pay for Person - Tra Irfdng Iheo nang Iffc cd nhdn Tiiy theo ndng Irfc cd nhan d^ bd' nhiem, xe'p vide cho tffng ngrfdi, iff do xd'p Iffdng Iffdng ffng Iheo cdng vide drfdc giao Khi xd'p Irfdng can giai thich cd che' Idng Irfdng theo srf tid'n bd va mffc dd ddp ffng ydu clu cdng vide cua doanh nghiep Gan tiin Irfdng vdi Id irinh cdng danh, cd'p do nang Irfc Ngoai ra, cd the' dp dung cde ehinh sdch khde theo ndng Irfe nhrf phu cd'p thu hut, phu ca'p nang Irfc, phu cd'p bang cd'p, phu edp thdm nidn, phuc Idi, rfu ddi ca nhan khde (vay vd'n, mua cd' phan) (3) Pay for Performance - Tra Irfdng theo hidu qua, ket qua hodn thanh cdng vide Tiiy theo thdnh tich dat dffde eua ngrfdi Iao ddng de' cd Irfdng theo nang sud't Cd the' xe'p theo hang thanh tich (A, B, C) theo mffc do hodn thdnh cdng vide Dat thanh lieh hang A thi drfdc hrfdng Irfdng eao hoac drfdc them phan tiln thrfdng, hang B thap hdn va hang
C tha'p nha't
Tra Irfdng theo 3P drfdc ffng dung rdng rai vd phd' bid'n d rd'l nhieu nrfdc tren thd' gidi, nhrf: Anh, Dffc, My, Uc va du nhdp vao Viet Nam d cae cdng ty da qud'e gia dd hdn 20 nam Cae tap dodn, doanh nghidp Idn cua Viel Nam cung dd dp dung phrfdng phdp nay trong nhffng nam gan day, nha'l
la nhffng ddn vi cd quy md tff 100 nhdn vien trd len se Id phu hdp nhd'l
Khi dp dung phffdng phdp nay, ngffdi Iao ddng
se drfdc tra Irfdng phii hdp vdi tam anh hrfdng cua
Trang 3vi tri ddi vdi doanh nghidp; doanh nghiep cd the
Ihu hut vd giff chdn nhan vien gioi, khuyd'n khich
ndng cao hidu qua cdng vide bang vide tra Irfdng
trfdng xffng vdi nang Iffc, ddng gdp eua hg vao ke't
qua chung cua doanh nghidp
Khde vdi phrfdng phap tra Irfdng truyen Ihd'ng:
Qua chii trgng dd'n bang cap hoac tham nien,
khdng phdn bidt drfdc nang Iffc thffc hien cdng
viec vd ddng gdp cua ed nhdn vdo hien thrfc hda
muc lieu doanh nghiep, cdch tinh thu nhdp theo
Irfdng 3P se tao ra srf edng bang ngi bd irong he
thd'ng Irfdng ihrfdng eua cong ly, loai trff bdi cac
yd'u id cam linh hay thien vi cd nhdn, ddng thdi
ciing tao dgng life de ngrfdi lao ddng lam vide
hidu qua hdn, dat thdnh tich td't hdn dd' cd thu
nhdp cao hdn
Hdn nffa, chinh sach Irfdng, thrfdng 3P ngoai
vide dam bao cho doanh nghiep dung quy Irfdng
hidu qua vd dffng chie'n Irfdc kinh doanh, cdn giup
nhan vidn eua minh ndng eao tinh ehu ddng eho
edng vide va srf nghiep eua minh Nhdn vidn se
chu ddng tim them nhffng each hidu qua de hodn
Ihanh cdng vide, se ehu dgng hoan thidn bdn thdn,
vd ludn nd Iffe de vffdt ke' hoach, muc lieu de ra
Phffdng phdp tra Iffdng 3P da giai ddp dffdc bai
loan cua rd't nhieu doanh nghiep mudn iff xay dffng
chinh sdch lien Iffdng linh ddng, hd'p ddn thu hut
nhi^u nhdn tai va phii hdp vdi doanh nghidp Cu
the nhffng Idi ich phffdng phdp tra Iffdng thffdng 3P
dem lai eho doanh nghidp nhrf sau:
Mot Id, dam bao edng bang ngi bd: Giup nhdn
vien hieu rd ly do vi sao Irfdng iheo vi tri vd nhdn
vidn Idide nhau, nhSn thffc rd vd'n de Idm the' nao
d^ d\iac hrfdng Irfdng eao va thu nhdp td't hdn, tff dd
thiic dd'y ddng Iffc cho hg phdn dd'u, canh tranh
cdng bang dem lai hieu qua cho chinh ban thdn,
eung nhff eho doanh nghidp
Hai Id, dam bao edng bang bdn ngodi: Nd'u
each thffc tra Iffdng theo vi tri vd ndng Iffc cd nhan
dam bao cdng bang ndi bg thi edng bang ben ngoai
la vide xdc dinh mffc Iffdng thi Irrfdng dang ira eho
cac bi tri, theo trfng quy md doanh nghidp drfa vao
khao sat thi Irrfdng de xac dinh mffc Iffdng phii hdp
vdi nhu elu do, trf dd doanh nghidp cd the thu hiit
nhdn lai qua ehinh sach Iffdng ciia minh
Ba let lao ddng Irfc phat trid'n doanh nghidp:
Hinh ihffe tra Irfdng theo ke'l qua hodn thanh cdng
vide khuyd'n khieh nhdn vidn quan ldm nhieu hdn
de'n ke'l qua thrfc hien cud'i eung va ed nhi^u ddng
gdp cho doanh nghidp, iff dd day hidu sudt ldm vide len cao hdn
Tuy nhidn, trong thrfc te, khdng phai doanh nghidp ndo cung dp dung he thdng Iffdng 3P mgt caeh thudn Idi, thdm chi edn cam tha'y khd khdn, Iiing tung vd ba't ^n 3P se la cdng eu kha td't vdi nhffng cdng ly da cd he thd'ng quan ly chuydn nghiep, drfdc to chffc, van hanh bdi nhffng nhjl quan ly chuydn nghidp, ddnh gid ke't qua lam vide cua nhdn vien dffa tren dffkien sd'lieu Ddc bidt IS
dd'i vdi doanh nghiep mdi thdnh lap, dang trong
qud trinh tuyd'n dung, bd' tri nhdn sff, neu du'a phffdng thffc tra Iffdng theo md hinh 3P ngay tff dIu
se rat thudn ldi vd phdt huy lac dung nhieu hdn Vdi doanh nghidp ldn da ed qua tnnh boat dgng nhi^u nam, vide dp dung 3P thay cho he thd'ng Iffdng cu phai het sffc than trgng Bdi le, mdt doanh nghidp Idn thffdng cd cd cdu to ehffe kha phffc tap, vdi nhieu phdng, ban ehffe nang, nhieu chffc danh,
vi tri cdng vide va cd nhieu ngffdi Iao ddng dang c6 mffc thu nhap on dinh vd tdng dan theo mdi nam Cdc mrfe Iffdng deu dffdc linh lodn chi tia theo mffc binh qudn hoac eao hdn thi trffdng de' giff ngffdi tdi Khi drfa he thong Irfdng 3P vao doanh nghidp, he Ihd'ng thu nhdp se bi dao Ion, ne'u drfdc tang thdm thi ngrfdi lao ddng vui, cdn ne'u hi giam di hg se phan ffng, nghidm trgng hdn Id se dinh edng, bai cdng, bd vide gdy khung hoang eho doanh nghiep
Ap dung ird Iffdng theo md hinh 3P, doanh nghidp se phai ddnh gid Iai nang Irfe nhdn vidn de xe'p Irfdng cho phu hdp Tuy nhidn, du ed tudn theo Iff dien nang Irfc cdng ty va nhffng hrfdng ddn kem theo drfdc chud'n bi ky Ihd' ndo thi phan ddnh gia ndng Irfc nay cung ed th^ bi ye'u td cam linh chi
phd'i Ca'p tren cd cam tinh thi danh gid eao hdn, c6
thanh kid'n thi danh gid tha'p hdn Chrfa ke de'n nhffng cude tianh cai giffa cac phdng ban ve chuydn thie'u khaeh quan, thid'u edng bang ti-ong ddnh gia Trong trffdng hdp ndy, tra Iffdng theo phffdng phdp 3P gdy ra hau qua Iam md't doan kd't ngi bd, chia re sau sac trong khdng it cdc cdng ty Idn Mgt sd' trffdng hdp khae thd't bai Id do khi ^p dung he thd'ng Irfdng 3P, mdt sd'cdng ty vdn duy tri nhffng phu cd'p nhff: phu ca'p thdm nidn, phu cap quan he "con dng chdu cha" Iam pha vd muc tieu
dam bao edng bang, khid'n cho 3P tid ihdnh hd
Ihdng gdy rd'i ram cho doanh nghiep
Vi vdy, mdt trong nhffng ye'u id' quan trgng cfia
he thdng Iffdng 3P la he ihd'ng ddnh gia thanh lich,
Trang 4de Ihffc hien ddnh gia thanh tich mdt each khdch Thd tu, theo ddi, giam sat Ihrfe hidn
quan, doanh nghidp thdng thffdng thffc hidn qua Thd ndm, danh gia kd't qua hodn thdnh
cdc bffdc sau: mue tidu
Thd nhdt, ihid'l Idp muc lieu cd'p cdng ty Nhff vdy, tra Iffdng, thffdng, sao eho vffa thda Thd hai, phdn bo vd hen kd't cae muc tieu: Phdn man srf mong ddi cua nhdn vidn, nhuiig lai khdng
bd' va lidn kd't mue tidu xud'ng ede bd phdn, sau do ldm gia tang chi phi va thffc dd'y srf phat trien la mgt phdn bo va lien ke'l muc lieu xud'ng tffng ca nhdn bai loan khdng ddn gidn dd'i vdi doanh nghiep Vi Ket thuc qua trinh ndy se eho kd't qua Id cdy muc vay, he thd'ng tra Irfdng theo md hinh 3P phai drfdc tidu doanh nghiep dp dung dung chd, dung Iuc va dung bd'i eanh
Thd ba, thid't lap cdc chi lieu, chi so' ddnh gid Khdng nhffng vay, ban ldnh dao eung phai he't sffc
gdn vdi tffng muc tieu, kem theo dd Id he thd'ng do chii y de'n iruyen Ihdng trong todn cdng ly dd' trdn
Irfdng d^ dam bao cdc chi sd' nay diing drfdi eiing hieu, ddng cam va ung hg edng ly •
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO:
1 Navigos Search (2018) Bdo cdo "Chdn dung nhdn luc ngdnh sdn xud't: Thach thdc vd cO hoi trong nen cong nghiep 4.0", thdng 12/2018
2 DP (2018) Nhu cdu tuyen dung nhdn sU cdp trung, cdp cao tdng mgnh quy IV/2017, truy cap td http://thoibaon-ganhang vn/nhu-cau-tuyen-dung-nhan-su-cap-trung-cap-cao-tang-manh-quy-iv2017- 71874 html
3 Thanh Ngdn (2016) Gid chdn nhdn tdi: Luang, thifdng cd Id Id't cd?, truy cap td https://doanhnhansaigon.vn/goc-nha-quan-tri/giu-chan-nhan-tai-luong-thuong-co-la-tat-ca-1070861.html
4 Vu Hong Phong (2018) Cdc phuong phdp trd luang trong doanh nghiep, truy cap lit http://daotaonhan-lucviet.com.vn/cac-phuong-phap-tra-luong-lrong-doanh-nghiep.hlml
5 DP (2018) Luang thudng Id ye'u id quan trong de giS chdn nhdn su, truy cdp td: http://enternews.vn/luong-thuong-la-yeu-to-quan-trong-de-giu-chan-nhan-su-140772.html
Ngay nhan bai: 5/1/2019
Ngay phan bidn danh gia va sffa chffa: 15/1/2019
Ngay chap nhan dang bai: 25/1/2019
Thong tin tdc gia:
ThS VU H A I Y E N
Cdng ty C6' ph^n VHRS
RETAINING TALENTS BY CURRENT SALARY
AND INCENTIVES SCHEMES AT ENTERPRISES
• Master, VU HAI YEN VHRS Joint-Stock Company ABSTRACT:
Nowadays, talents play a key role in the competition among enterprises and determine the success of businesses In order lo retain talents in the long term and ensure the fauness in the workplace, it is necessary for enterprises lo have a salary scheme that satisfies employees This paper discusses challenges that enterprises have to face with in terms of keeping their talents and useful tools to do thai
Keywords: Talent, salary and incentives scheme, enterprise