Tuy nhien, mirc do chenh lech cua biing tren khdng phan anh logic nay khi mirc chenh lech cua sir biet lii riit it (8,6%) cdn mirc chenh lech trong thai do tinh ciim thi lai Idn (32,[r]
Trang 1DANH GIA BirOfC DAU VE ANH Hl/ONG CUA CAC GIA TRj NHAT BAN
TAI VIET NAM
HOANG KHAC NAM'
J [ ^ a i viet nay nham danh gia anh hirdng
MJ CLia cac gia tri Nhat Ban tai Vict
Nam trong hien tai va tuong lai gan Vdi
muc tieu dd, bai viet tien hanh dieu tra thiim
dd phan irng va sir tiep nhan cac gia tri Nhat
Biin cua sinh vien nganh dao tao tri thirc
qudc te d ba noi la Khoa Qudc te hgc (Dai
hgc Qudc gia Ha Ndi), Khoa Qudc te hgc
(Dai hgc Da Nang) va Khoa Quan he Qudc
te (Dai hgc Qudc gia Thanh phd Hd Chi
Minh) Co sd cho sir lira chgn nay dua tren
mot sd luan diem sau:
Thir nhdt, sinh vien la ddi tugng cd mire
do hudng ngoai thuoc loai cao d Vict Nam
Up de tiep nhiin vii chiu iinh hirdng tir cac
gia tri ben ngoai ban nhieu gidi khiic Hg cd
khii niing nam bat edng nghe thdng tin vii co
hgi tiep xiic vdi truyen thdng Mire do niiy
trong sinh vien nganh dao tao ve tri thuc
qudc te lai cang cao Vi the, ddi tugng nay
cd the la noi de chiu iinh hirdng cua cac giii
tri ben ngoai tai Vict Nam
Thir hai, sinh vien la ddi tugng cd kha
niing phat tan ra xa bdi nhirng gia trj ma hg
tiep thu dugc bang sir hang hai va Idng tu tin
CLia tuoi tre Khdng nhung the, sinh vien ciic
nganh diio tao ve tri thirc qudc te cdn la
nhung ngudi thuc hien edng tac giao luu
qudc tc tuong lai cua Viet Nam Vi the, diiy
Tien sT, Khoa Quoc te hoc, TruoTig dai hoc Khoa hoc Xa
hoi va Nhan van, Dai hoc Quoc gia Ha Noi
se la lire lugng quan trgng trong yiee phat tan duy tri va niing cao ban nira viec phd bien cac gia tri tir ben ngoai trong dd cd gia tri Nhat Biin
Thir ba, sinh vien nganh Qudc te
bgc/Quan he qudc te dugc dao tao chung ve tri thirc qudc te chii' khdng phai chuyen ve Nhat Biin Dieu nay cd the giup hg danh gia, Iija chgn nhirng gia tri Nhat Ban tren co sd
so siinh vdi cac gia tri den tir nude khiic Mot
su so sdnh nhu vay cd the lam cho y kien ciia hg bdt phien dien va khach quan ban Ddng thdi qua dd cd the thay dugc vi tri ciia giii tri Nhiit Biin trong be thdng ciic giii tri ngoiii nhap d Viet Nam
Thir tu, viec lira chgn ddi tugng dieu tra la
sinh vien ba co sd dao tao ndi tren cd tinh Ciich dai dien cho ba mien d Viet Nam Ddng thdi, dd cung la ba trung tam Idn nhiit dat nude, ba dau mdi giao luu qudc te ciia Viet Nam Dd cung la ba noi cd sir hien dien manh nhat ciia ciic gia tri Nhat Ban Vii duong nhien, dd cung la ba noi cd kha nang phat tan cac gia tri nay sang cac dia phuang khac ban la ngugc lai Ngoai ra, viec lira chgn ba viing khac nhau cd the giiip thay dugc sir da dang trong anh hirdng ciia cac giii tri Nhat Ban tai nhirng viing mien kinh te-van hda khac nhau cua Viet Nam
Tuy nhien, ddi tugng dieu tra la tuong ddi ban hep (mdi nai chi 100 phieu dieu tra vii
ap dung chii yeu cho sinh vien tir nam thir ba
NGHIEN C(jru DONG BflC fl SO 9(103) 9-2009 45
Trang 2trd len) nen ket qua chi mang tinh each ban
dSu va chi la nghien cu'u trudng hgp (case
study) Hon nua, do khudn khd cd ban, bai
vi8t nay chi trinh bay mot vai ket qua trong
sd do Mac dii vay, bai viet nay cung hi vgng
kk quii d\hu tra cd the cung cap dugc sir
hinh dung ban dau ve nhirng gia tri Nhat Ban
d Viet Nam, miic do tiep nhan chung nhu
tbi nao, quy md anh hudng cua chung ra
sao, sir khac nhau giira cac viing mien d Viet
Nam trong viec tiep nhan, tac ddng cua cac
gia tri nay la nhirng gi, kha nang duy tri ciia
chiing thi nao, nhirng kenh nao dang chuyen
tai gia tri Nhat Ban vao Viet Nam, sir tuong
tac vdi cac ludng van hda khac ra sao ?
1/ Hi^u bi^t cua ban ve flat niroc con
nguoi Nhat Ban: nhieu, trung binh, it, rat
it?
Mire do hieu biet ve dat nude con ngudi
Nhat Ban cd the phan anh phan nao mirc do
anh hudng ciia cac gia tri Nhat Ban tai Viet
Nam Anh hudng cang Idn, sir hieu biet cang rong Anh hudng cang manh, sir hieu biet cang sau Ngugc lai, sir hieu biit nhieu va sau sac lai tao didu kien cho sir phat huy anh hudng
Day la cau bdi dl sinh vien tu danh gia mirc do bilu biit cua minh ve Nhat Ban Cau tra Idi thudng dugc can cir tren hai yeu td la
su cam nhan ve muc do thdng tin dugc cung
cap va nhu cm bilu biet cua ban than Vi
thi, tra Idi cau hoi nay cd the giiip chiing ta thSy dugc khdng chi tinh trang cung cap thdng tin vl Nhat Ban trong sinh vien ma cdn ph4n nao la ca sir quan tam va nhu cau tang them bilu biit ve Nhat Ban cua giai nay Qua dd, chiing ta cd the doan dinh phan nao ve mirc do anh hudng cua cac gia tri Nhat Ban tai Viet Nam Vdi tdng sd 300 phieu phat ra, cd 287 phieu tra Idi Cau hoi nay cd ket qua dieu tra nhu sau: ;
Bang 1: Muc do hieu biet ve Nhat Ban
MUC DO
Nhieu
Trung binh
It
Rat it
HANOI
3
17
21
53
94
TP HCM
0
11
32
54
97
DA NANG
0
22
36
38
96
TONG
3
50
89
145
287
%
1
16,6 29,6 48,3
Y kien cho rang mirc do hieu biet ve dat
nude con ngudi Nhat Ban la nhieu va trung
binh cd ti le rat thap lan lugt la 1 % va 16,6%
vdi tdng la 17,6% Ngugc lai, ti le danh gia d
mirc it va rat it la cao khi chiem Ian lugt
29,6% va 48,3% vdi tdng la 77,9% Trong
dd, ti le danh gia d mirc rat it chiem tdi gan
mot nira (48,3%) va dd la ti le Idn Sinh vien
la ddi tugng cd tinh than hgc hoi va cd kha nang tiep xiic vdi thdng tin nhieu nen ti le tren cho thay sir hieu biet ve Nhat Ban trong gidi nay la ngheo nan : d Theo sir hieu biet cua chiing tdi, con so nay phan anh phan nao sir that Thdng tin ve
dk nude va con ngudi Nhat Ban la cdn ban
chi d Viet Nam Khdng chi lugng thdng tin
Trang 3Nghien citu khoa hgc
chua nhieu ma cdn d each thirc truyen dat
thdng tin Ciic thdng tin nay thudng le te,
khdng lien tuc va khdng he thdng nen khdng
tao ra su hieu biet chac chan ve Nhat Ban
Mot ly do khac khdng kem phan quan trgng
la d chinh ndi dung thdng tin Qua phdng
van bd sung, nhieu sinh vien ndi rang Nhat
Ban van la cai gi day khd hieu ddi vdi hg,
tire la hg chi biet ma khdng hieu Trong khi
dd, qua thdng tin, hg cd the de dang hinh
dung ve My, Chau Au, Trung Qudc, Han
Qudc ban la Nhat Ban
Theo chung tdi, rd rang xa bdi Nhat Ban
cd nhieu dac thii, sir khac biet van hda-xa hoi
giira hai nude la khdng nhd, sir ddng dieu
trong nhan thirc va Idi sdng la khdng Idn da
quy djnh tinh trang nay Nhung nguyen nhan
cdn nam d chd ndi dung thdng tin chua chu
y day du tdi sir chgn Igc phii hgp vdi nhu ciiu
cua Viet Nam, chua tao sir hap dan phii hgp
vdi tam ly tinh cam cua ngudi Viet Nam va
nhat la chua dem lai su than bieu Thdng tin
khdng don gian la sd lugng kilobyte ma cdn
la chat, tire ndi dung thdng tin Thdng tin
khdng don giiin la tiep can ma cdn la tham
than
Cd the thay rd ban dieu nay qua mot cau
bdi kiem tra kien thiic ma chiing tdi dat ra
cho sinh vien ba khoa Vi du ve mirc do tiep
can ddi vdi mot sd loai hinh van hda nghe
thuat cua Nhat Ban nhu truyen tranh Manga,
phim boat hinh Anime, tho Haiku, kich
Nd, Ket qua la bg da dgc truyen tranh
Manga, mot sd da xem Anime va da sd
khdng biet tho Haiku va kich Nd Cung mot
cau hdi neu nhiJng di tich kien true lich sir
ndi tieng cua Nhat Ban thi chi khoang 40%
biet den Kyoto, vai sinh vien (dudi 3%) biet
den cd dd Nara va khdng biet gi ban Hay
cau hdi ve neu ten mot nha van hda ndi tieng ciia Nhat Ban thi hau het sinh vien khdng tra Idi
Tuy nhien, birc tranh nay khdng hoiin toan
bi quan Khi ngudi ta cho rang hieu biet cua minh la it hoac rat it, tire la chua du thi thudng nam sau dd la mong mudn hieu biet nhieu ban, tuc la cd sir quan tam den dat nude con ngudi Nhat Ban Qua ket qua dieu tra tren, sir quan tam va mong mudn hieu biet hon ve Nhat Ban d Viet Nam, it nhat la trong gidi sinh vien la cd va la kha Idn
Rd rang, mudn thuc day quan he huu nghi
va nang cao sir hieu biet Ian nhau giCra hai nude, chiing ta cdn nhieu viec phai lam Mot trong sd dd la cai tien each thirc truyen dat
va ndi dung cua thdng tin ca ve lugng lan chat Nhung de lam dugc dieu nay, can xiic dinh nhu cau thdng tin ve Nhat Ban ciia "thi trudng" Viet Nam
2/ Ban biet nhieu hon ve Ijch su, van hoa, xa hoi Nhat Ban truyen thong hay hien dai? Ban thich nhung gia trj Nhat Ban truyen thong hay hien dai?
Day la cau hdi cd the giiip nhan biet ban dau ve nhu cau thdng tin Nhat Ban cua "thi trudng" trong mot bd phan sinh vien Viet Nam Sir hieu biet nhieu ban cd the cho thay hai dieu: lugng thdng tin cung cap nhieu ban
va cd the ca su quan tam cung nhieu hon Ddng thdi, sir hieu biet nhieu ban cung phan anh cac gia tri truyen thdng hay hien dai ciia Nhat Ban dang hien dien nhieu ban d Viet Nam Cdn sir thich nhieu ban thi cho thay mirc do phii hgp va hap dan cao ban va tir dd
la kha nang tiep nhan gia tri cao ban Dieu
dd cd the giup du bao gia tri truyin thdng hay duong dai se ngay cang phd biin ban Cau hdi nay cd the dem lai them kha nang
Trang 4lira chgn thdng tin phii hgp de gdp phan Viet Nam Ket qua dieu tra nhu sau:
niing cao sir hieu biet ve Nhat Ban ciia ngudi
Bang 2: Miic do hieu biet va ua thich gia trj truyen thong va hien dai ciia Nhat Ban
MLJC DO
Biet nhieu ban ve gia tri truyen thdng Nhat Ban
Biet nhieu hon ve gia tri hien dai Nhat Ban
Thich nhieu ban ve gia tri truyen thdng Nhat Ban
Thich nhieu ban ve gia tri bien dai Nhat Biin
SO LUONG
90
116
65
162
%
30,0 38,6 21,6 54,0
Vdi sd lugng 300 phieu phat ra, chi cd
206 sinh vien tra Idi ciiu hdi dau (68,6%),
227 ngudi trii Idi cau sau (75,6%) Sd lugng
tham gia tra Idi cau bdi nay it ban nhieu so
vdi Ciic cau hdi khiic Ti le tham gia it nhu
vay cd le do nhirng ngudi nay khdng biet
nhieu ve cac gia tri Nhat Ban nen khdng rd
minh biet nhieu ban ve ciii gi Mat khac, cd
the vi khdng biet nhieu nen hg khdng xac
dinh dugc sir ua thich ciia minh ve giii tri ciia
Nhiil Biin Tiit nhien cung cd the cd khii
niing coi hai ciii nhu nhau nen khdng tham
gia trii Idi Tuy nhien, theo chirng tdi, kha
nang nay la khdng nhieu Mot lan nua, ket
quii nay cung phan iinh phan niio ket qua ciia
ciiu hdi tren tire la sir hieu biet vc Nhat Ban
cdn kha han che
Mac dii vay, ket quii dieu tra tren cung cd
the nit ra dugc dieu gi dd 0 day sir hieu
biet va ua thich cac gia tri hien dai (38,6%
va 54%) la Idn hon so vdi nhiing gia tri
truyen thdng (30% va 21.6%) Dieu nay cho
thay cac giii tri hien dai dang cd sir hap diin
ban phii hgp ban vdi khii niing tiep nhan
khdng chi trong gidi sinh vien ma cd the la
Cii xa hdi Viet Nam Ben canh dd su hieu
biet ve cac giii tri truyen thdng Nhat Biin
khdng kem lii bao so vdi gia trj hien dai cho
thii\ it nhiit trong gidi nay cac gia trj truyen
thdng Nhat Biin cung cd dugc sir quan tam it nhieu vdi mirc do hien dien dang ke
Thdng thudng, sir bieu biet nhieu ban cd the lam tang them sir ua thich Tuy nhien, mirc do chenh lech cua biing tren khdng phan anh logic nay khi mirc chenh lech cua sir biet lii riit it (8,6%) cdn mirc chenh lech trong thai do tinh ciim thi lai Idn (32,4%) Dieu nay dugc ly giiii mot phan la do tren ghe nha trudng, sinh vien dugc tiep nhan kien thuc vc lich sir van boa xa hdi truyen thdng nhieu ban la kien thirc duong dai Trong khi dd, sinh vien van tiep thu cac gia tri duong dai tir cac kenh khac va vi la gidi tre nen bg ua thich cac gia tri nay nhieu ban Chiing tdi dd rang neu ap dung ciiu hdi nay cho cac tiing Idp xa hdi khac, ket quii cd thi phan anh logic tren ro ban
Cd the sir phd bien ciic gia tn hien dai cua Nhat Ban d Viet Nam la phii hgp ban cac gia tri truyen thdng Chiing tdi cung ciim nhan thay dieu tuong tu tii- trudng hgp Au, My Him Qudc bay P)dng Nam A d Viet Nam (rieng Trung Quoc la ngoai le) Tuy nhien, ndi nhu the khdng cd nghTa la cac giii tri truyen thdng ciia Nhat Ban it chd dirng d Viet Nam Chiing tdi dugc biit trong gidi sinh vien Viet Nam hien nay cd nhirng em tu
md quan tra dao Nhat Ban lap cau lac bg
Trang 5Nghien citu khoa hgc
Origami, hgc Ikebana suu tam Kimono va
Yukata Cac gia tri truyen thdng Nhat Ban
cd the khdng de phd bien ve chieu rong
nhirng lai la diem nhiin de di sau gdp phan
tao nen su hieu biet phong phii va sau sac
ban ve dat nude nay d Viet Nam
Tuy nhien, trong cac gia tri hien dai, cd
mot van de can luu y Kha nhieu sinh vien
cd xu hudng tiep can van hda Nhat Ban hien
dai tir gdc do tieu diing, giai tri ban la cac
gia tri tich cue khac cua Nhat Ban Hg quan
tam tdi viec thanh nien Nhat Ban dang
hirdng thu cai gi ban la lam the nao de cd
dugc nhirng cai dd Day la ket quii cua mot
cau hdi dieu tra khac Tat nhien, dieu nay
khdng ban la dd nhirng neu la xu hudng trgi
thi se tao thanh van de vi dieu kien kinh te,
xa hdi cua Viet Nam khdng gidng nhu Nhat
Biin
3/ Ban thich nhat dieu gi 6' Nhat Ban:
tinh than v6 sT dao, co' cau gia dinh truyen
thong, sir cham chi va tinh than trach nhiem, each thiic qusin trj va quan he trong cac cong ty Nhat, cac bien doi moi chju anh huong cua phuong Tay, ?
Cau hdi nay nham tim hieu gia trj nao cua Nhat Ban dugc quan tam nhiit trong ddi tugng sinh vien duoc dieu tra Sir quan tam nay cd the xuat phiit tir nhieu ly do: sir hieu biit nhilu ban, sir ua thich Idn ban, sir mong mudn cai minh cdn thieu hay sir nhan thirc cai minh can cho tuong lai Dang sau dd neu nhin rong ra, cac gia tri dugc ua thich hon cd the la nhung yeu td gdp phan liim nen thien cam CLia ngudi Viet Nam ddi vdi dat nude con ngudi Nhat Biin
Viec dieu tra dugc tien hanh tren co sd xep hang va cho diem theo thir nhat la 5 diem thir nam la 1 diem Vdi sd phieu phiit ra 300 ket qua dieu tra nhu sau:
Bang 3: Miic do ua thich mot so gia trj Nhat Ban cu the
Cach thirc quiin tri va
quan he trong cac
edng ty Nhat
Sir chiim chi va tinh
thiin trach nhiem
Ciic bien ddi mdi chiu
anh hudng cua
phuang Tay
Tinh thiin vd sT dao
Co cau gia dinh
truyen thdng
HANOI
402
385
276
194
157
TP HCM
431
269
334
160
208
DA NANG
389
356
192
283
169
Tdng
(%)
1.222 (29,0%) 1.010 (24,0%)
802 (19,1%)
637 (15,1%)
534 (12,7%)
Hang
1
2
3
4
5
Ket quii dieu tra cua cau hdi nay cung dugc ua thich ban deu gSn liin vdi thdi hien phiin iinh phiin nao cau hdi tren khi ba gia trj dai va chiem tdi 70,1% tdng so dilm dugc
Trang 6cho Trong khi dd cac gia trj cd tinh truyen
thdng CLia Nhat Ban dugc quan tam it ban
khi chiem chua day 30% tdng sd diem
Trong sd nay, each thire quan tri va quan
he trong cac edng ty cua Nhat Ban, sir cham
chi va tinh than trach nhiem dugc ua thich
ban ca vdi ti le chiem tren 50% sd diem
Day la nhu-ng gia tri lien quan den kinh te
vdn dang la uu the cua Nhat Biin va ciing la
su quan tam hang dau ciia Viet Nam Trong
hai gia tri, each thirc quan tri va quan he
trong cac edng ty cua Nhat Ban dugc quan
tam nhieu nhat cd le bdi vi tinh dgc dao va
sir hieu qua da dugc chirng minh, vi lugng
thdng tin ve nd ciing khdng it, vi day la cai
ma ngudi Viet Nam mudn hgc hdi nhieu
Theo chiing tdi, day cd the la nhirng gia tri
neu khai thac tdi ban se khdng chi giup nang
cao sir hieu biet Ian nhau ma cdn thiic day sir
hgp tac kinh te giua hai nude
Biing 3 cdn cho thay cd su lira chgn khac
nhau dang ke giira cac viing mien d Viet
Nam Sir khac nhau dugc quy dinh bdi nhieu
nguyen nhan nhu co hdi tiep xuc thdng tin
ve Nhat Ban khac nhau, sir bien dien cua
tirng gia tri khac nhau giira cac viing, lich sir
viin hda va tam tinh khac nhau, mirc do phat
trien kinh te va co cau sd hiru khac nhau
Vi du, d thanh phd Hd Chi Minh cd sir phat
trien kinh te vdi nhieu edng ty tu nhan ban
hai viing kia nen sir quan tam tdi each thirc
quan tri edng ty la cao ban va yeu cau cham
chi vdi tinh than trach nhiem it ban so vdi
hai viing kia Tuang tu nhu vay, do tam tinh
ciia dieu kien gan bien nen d Da Nang cd sir
ua thich ve tinh than vd sT dao ban hai viing
kia Hay tinh cdi md ban d mien Nam khien cac bien ddi mdi chiu anh hudng cua phuang Tay cung de dugc tiep nhan ban d day so vdi Ha Ndi va Da Nang Dieu nay cho thay, mudn thuc day han nira sir giao luu
va sir hieu biet lan nhau giira nhan dan hai nude, vai trd cua nha nude va chinh sach qudc gia chung la khdng du ma can phai cd sir tham gia cua nhieu gidi va chinh quyen dia phuang
4/ Hieu biet ciia ban ve Nhat Ban duoc
• • • thu nhan chii yeu va thirong xuyen hon
qua nhung kenh nao: hoc tap va nghien ciru 6' truong dai hoc, ban be va du hoc sinh, ti vi, dien anh, sach, bao viet, internet, cac heat dong kinh te tai Viet Nam nhir hang hoa va quang cao?
Giao luu va thdng tin phu thuoc nhieu vao kenh thdng tin Kenh thdng tin cang nhieu, lugng thdng tin cang Idn Kenh thdng tin cang da dang, ndi dung thdng tin cang phong phii Ca hai dieu nay cung gdp phan tang cudng kha nang giao luu Ngoai ra, do mdi kenh thdng tin thudng cd xu hudng chuyen tai thdng tin dac thii, viec tim bilu kenh thdng tin cdn cd the cho thay loai thdng tin nao ve Nhat Ban de cd uu thi d Viet Nam
LTU the nay cd the dem lai ggi y khdng chi ve phat trien kenh thdng tin ma rong han la ca ITnh vuc uu tien phat trien quan he
Viec dieu tra van de nay dugc tiin hanh dua tren sir ghi nhan ciia sinh vien v l cac kenh thdng tin ma hg da sir dung d l cd dugc
thdng tin ve Nhat Ban ik nhien, viec tilp
xuc vdi cac kenh thdng tin cdn phu thuoc
Trang 7Nghien citu khoa hgc
quan tiim va dieu kien ciia tirng ca nhan Tuy 285 sinh vien tra Idi Ket qua dieu tra nhu nhien, ket qua nay cd the phan anh phan nao sau:
tinh hinh chuyen tai thdng tin ve Nhat Ban d
Viet Nam Vdi tdng sd 300 phieu phat ra, cd
Bang 4: Kenh thong tin chuyen tai gia trj Nhat Ban tai Viet Nam
KENH
Ti vi
Cac boat ddng kinh te
Hgc tap va nghien ciru d trudng dai hgc
Bao viet
Internet
Sach
Ban be va du hgc sinh
Dien anh
SO LUONG VA TI TRONG SINH VIEN
SU DUNG CHII YEU 176(61,7%)
138 (48,4%) 126(44,2%)
64 (22,4%) 53(18,6%) 47(16,5%)
8 (2,8%) 4(1,4%)
Trong sd cac kenh chuyen tai thdng tin ve
Nhat Ban, cd the chia lam cd ba nhdm
Nhdm mot gdm tivi, cac boat ddng kinh te
va qua trinh hgc tap nghien ciru tai trudng
dai hoc Dd lii nhung kenh dugc sinh vien ba
CO sd dao tao sir dung nhieu nhat (mdi kenh
deu cd tren 40% sinh vien sir dung nhu
ngudn chu yeu) Nhdm hai gdm bao viet,
internet va sach Dd la nhirng kenh cd mirc
do sir dung thap ban (14-22%) va tan suat sir
dung ciing kem thudng xuyen ban nhung
van cd tac dung it nhieu Nhdm thir ba thi ti
le qua thap (dudi 3%) nen coi nhu khdng
dang ke
Trong sd nay, chi cd tivi dugc sir dung
qua ban, dat tren 60% Tivi hien nay cd le la
kenh cd kha nang phd bien thdng tin cao
nhat d Viet Nam Ly do khac cua viec sir
dung tivi nhieu la bdi vi yeu cau nam bat
thdng tin kinh te, chinh tn cap nhat cua
nganh dao tao Quan he Qudc te va Qudc te
hgc da khien sinh vien phai theo ddi tivi thudng xuyen ban Kenh tiep theo dugc sinh vien sir dung nhieu la qua cac boat ddng kinh tl cua Nhat Ban tai Viet Nam (48,4%) nhu quang cao, hang hda, cung each lam viec vdn deu chira dung van hda va thdng tin Sinh vien tiep nhan cac thdng tin nay mot each chu ddng bdi sir quan tam ciia ban than va do tac ddng ciia cac boat ddng kinh
te manh me ciia Nhat Ban Sinh vien tiep nhan thdng tin ve Nhat Ban bj ddng ban trong qua trinh hgc tap nhung ti trgng sir dung kenh nay cung khdng it (44,2%) mac dii ba CO sd dao tao nay khdng phai la chuyen ve Nhat Ban hgc Tuy nhien, kenh nay lai cung cap kien thirc he thdng va sau sac ban
Ket qua dieu tra tren cho thSy day la ba kenh tiem nang de tang cudng thdng tin v l Nhat Ban d Viet Nam Kit qua nay cd thi dua ra ggi y ve viec tilp tuc phat huy ba
NGHIEN Ciru DdNG BflC fl SO 9(103) 9-2009 51
Trang 8kenh nay de tiep tuc chuyen tai thdng tin
tang cudng sir hieu biet ve Nhat Ban tai Viet
Nam Tuy nhien, de hinh thanh dugc nhii'ng
gia tri dich thuc vdi sir anh hirdng dang ke,
Cii ba kenh chu yeu nay deu cd nhirng ban
che Thdng tin ve Nhat Ban tren tivi cua Viet
Nam chii yeu la tin tire thdi su, it phdng su
chuyen de, tire la cd cap nhat nhung it
chuyen sau Rat it sinh vien cd kha nang va
dieu kien theo doi kenh truyen binh Nhat
Ban NHK tren truyen binh cap Thdng tin tir
cac boat ddng kinh te thi manh miin va phien
dien khi nang ve cac gia tri kinh te Thdng
tin trong nha trudng cap nhat chua cao va cd
ve thien ve cac gia tri truyen thdng Vi the,
mot su ket hgp ca ba kenh vdi tinh phd bien
rong rai cua tivi, sir hap dan va mirc do quan
tam cao tir cac boat ddng kinh te ciing vdi su
he thdng kien thirc va kha nang hieu sau tren
ghe nha trudng cd the dem lai thuan Igi ban
cho sir bam re cua cac giii trj Nhiit Ban tich
cue tai Viet Nam
Ndi nhu the khdng cd nghTa phii nhan sir
can thiet cua cac kenh trong hai nhdm cdn
lai Su da dang kenh thdng tin bao gid ciing
cd Igi trong viec chuyen tai thdng tin khi dap
irng dugc yeu cau phong phii ve thdng tin va
da dang ve ddi tugng tiep nhan Cac kenh
nay hien nay chua dugc sinh vien ba khoa sir
dung nhieu vi ly do ca khach quan lan chu
quan Vi du, website cua Vien nghien ciru
Ddng Bac A it dugc biet den Sach nghien
ciru it phd cap va chua cd nhieu tac pham ve
thdi ky duong dai Sach cho gidi tre va gidi
tri thirc it Chi cd 2 cudn sach dugc sinh vien
biet den nhieu la "Tdttdchan - Cd be ben
cira sd" va "Rirng Na uy" Manga thi khdng
phan iinh nhieu ve xii hgi thuc cua Nhat Ban
va chu yeu chi phuc vu cho thieu nhi Phim anh ciia Nhat Ban thi it di va khdng dugc gidi tre biet nhieu Hg chi nghe ndi den phim truyin hinh nhieu tap " 6 sin" va mot sd it da xem "Nir tiep vien hang khdng" ma thdi
5/ Ban co cam tinh vdi Nhat Ban khdng? Ban xep thu tir nhung nirdc ma ban CO cam tinh theo thir tir tir tren xuong dudi: My, Dong Nam A, Han Quoc, Nhat Ban, Phap, Nga?
Khi anh cd tinh cam, tuc la anh da cd sir hieu biet it nhieu ve nude Nhat va con ngudi Nhat Ban Khi anh cd tinh cam, anh se cd birng thu va su tiep tuc quan tam tim hieu nhieu ban ve Nhat Ban Va khi dd, cac gia trj cua Nhat Ban cd them ca sd de duy tri Day la ly do de dua ra cau hdi dau
Trong sd 300 phieu phat ra, cd 234 phieu tra Idi la cd cam tinh dat 78% Ti le nay la rat Idn, cho thay phan Idn sinh vien Viet Nam, it nhat la trong ba co sd dao tai ve Qudc te bgc/Quan be qudc te cd sir thien Ciim nhat djnh vdi Nhat Ban Cd 37 phieu tra Idi la khdng, chiem 12,3% 29 phieu khdng
cd y kien
Khi dieu kien chuyen tai thdng tin ngay cang thuan Igi, kha nang anh hudng cua gia tri Nhat Ban tai Viet Nam se cd sir phu thuoc dang vao ke vao tinh cam cua ngudi Viet Nam Tuy nhien, trong bdi canh Viet Nam dang ngay cang md cua va thuc day giao luu qudc te, se khdng chi cd mdi gia tri Nhat Ban tac ddng vao Viet Nam Vi the, viec xem xet su thien cam cua ngudi Viet Nam ddi vdi Nhat Ban trong sir so sanh vdi cac qudc gia khac cd the giup doan dinh phan nao kha nang anh hudng cua cac gia tri Nhat Ban d Viet Nam Ddi vdi cau hdi sau v l xep
Trang 9Nghien citu khoa hgc
thir tu cam tinh, viec xep hang dugc tinh diem Vdi 264/300 phieu tra Idi, ket qua bang diem vdi thir nhat 7 diem, thir hai 6 dieu tra nhu sau:
Bang 5: Sy thien cam doi vdi mot so nuoc
Nif6c
My
Ddng Nam A
Han Qudc
Nhat Ban
Phap
Nga
HANOI
469
453
395
407
386
365
TP HCM
537
454
433
426
344
195
DA NANG
509
423
486
429
328
312
Tong(%)
1.515(18,9%) 1.330(16,6%) 1.314(16,4%) 1.262(15,8%) 1.058(13,2%) 872(10,9%)
Hang
1
2
3
4
5
6
Ket qua dieu tra cho thay, Nhat Ban
dirng bang thir tu (sau My, Ddng Nam A va
Han Qudc) nhung vdi ti le diem 15,8% va
khoang each khdng phai qua xa so vdi nude
dii'ng dau la My 18,9% Sir chenh lech vdi
Ddng Nam A va Hiin Qudc ciing khdng Idn
(chua day 1 % sd diem) Day la mot dau bieu
dang khich le
Mirc do thien cam cd sir khiic nhau nhiit
dinh giua ciic viing mien d Viet Nam dii
khdng Idn Vi du, so sanh giira Han Qudc va
Nhat Ban, d Da Nang, su quan tam tdi Hiin
Qudc Idn ban Nhat Biin cd phan do Han
Qudc gan day da tiing cudng boat ddng diiu
tu kha Idn d Da Niing Tinh hinh ngugc lai d
Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh ciing bdi ly do nay
C5 Ha Ndi, sir quan tam tdi Han Qudc cung
Idn ban nhung mirc chenh khdng dang ke
nhu Da Nang bdi sir tiep can tdi Nhat Ban d
day kha da dang
Mirc do thien cam khac nhau phu thuoc
vao nhieu yeu td Viec tim hieu va so sanh
cac yeu td nay rat quan trgng ddi vdi viec
phat trien quan he Nhung do khudn khd cd
ban cua bai viet nay, chirng tdi xin phep
khdng de cap den Ddi vdi Nhat Ban, chiing tdi da tien hanh tim hieu qua phdng van bd sung va dugc biet mot sd yeu td sau day da dugc cac sinh vien de cap den (chiing tdi xep theo thir tu uu tien theo danh gia cua sinh vien): Sir phat trien kinh te cua Nhat Ban, quan he chinh tri tdt dep giira hai nude, su cham chi can cii lao ddng, tinh nghiem tiic
ky luat cua ngudi Nhat Ban, sir trg giup ODA, thai do cu xir dung muc van minh, Nhat Ban la niem tu bao Chau A Tat nhien, day la nhung sinh vien dugc dao tao thien ve chinh tri va kinh te nen cd the ket qua chua hoan toan day du nhung thuc Idng
ma ndi, chung dang dugc tham khao
Cac gia tri den tir nhieu ludng, giira chiing cd the cd su canh tranh hoac thiic day Ian nhau, hoac "chia thi phan" vdi nhau Vdi cac ludng van hda chii yeu ndi tren, sir canh tranh la khdng tranh khdi Tuy nhien, theo
chiing tdi, tac ddng thuc dhy van hda Nhat
Ban d Viet Nam tir cac ludng ndi tren la Idn ban canh tranh Viet Nam chiu anh hudng lau dai cua van hda Trung Hoa, Nhat Biin cung vay nen sir ddng dieu la de xay ra
NGHIEN Ciru DONG BflC fl SO 9(103) 9-2009 53
Trang 10Tuong tu nhu viiy la trudng hgp ludng van
hda Han Qudc vira chiu anh hudng cua van
hda Trung Qudc, viia cd nhieu mau sac cua
Nhat Biin nen su thiic day nhau giira ludng
van hda Han Qudc va Nhat Biin ciing de xiiy
ra Chiing tdi qua phdng van bd sung cung
dugc biet rang nhieu sinh vien da hinh dung
dugc phan nao Nhat Ban qua cac bd phim
ciia Han Qudc Trong khi dd, iinh hudng ciia
van hda My cung khdng phai cai gi xa la ddi
vdi van hda Nhat Ban, nhiit la nen van hda
duong dai - mot nen viin hda A Ddng cd le
chiu anh hudng Idn nhat ciia van hda My Vi
the, anh hudng cua van hda My neu cd tang
tai Viet Nam cung se cd tac dung thuc day
viin hda Nhat Ban tai day Rat cd the, sir
giao thoa giira cac ludng van hda khac nhau
nhu vay se giup tao ra nhirng gia tri chung
khu vuc trong bdi canh hgp tac Ddng A
dang tang Ien Va dieu nay chac ban se ddng
gdp tich cue cho sir hieu biet Ian nhau va
gdp phan thuc diiy quan he hiru nghi Viet
Nam-Nhat Ban
Thay cho Idi ket, chung tdi xin nhan
manh rang sir giao luu van hda-xa hdi vdi
nhirng hieu biet ve gia tri cua nhau se la mot
chiin de giup cung cd quan he hgp tac kinh te
chinh tri giti'a hai nude Tuy nhien, sir giao
luu va hieu biet nay giira hai nude se tdt
ban, vtrng chac ban neu dd la hai chieu Cac
gia tri tich cue ciia Nhat Ban se anh hudng
nhieu ban d Viet Nam neu Viet Nam cung
tao dugc sir quan tam tir phia Nhat khdng chi
nhu mot ddi tac kinh te, chinh tri ma cdn la
dat nude, con ngudi vdi cac gia tri lich sir,
van hda, xa hdi tdt dep Sir giao luu va hilu
biet lan nhau giira hai nude ciing se tdt dep
hon neu cd sir phdi hgp giira hai ben, cd sir
chgn lira cac gia tri va kenh chuyen tai Cd nhu the, cac gia tri mdi ddng gdp thiet thuc cho sir phiit trien quan he va tinh hQ-u nghi Ben canh dd, qua trinh nay can dugc xay dung ddng thdi tren ca cap do nha nudc-nha nude va nhan dan-nhan dan vdi sir tham gia cua cac nha khoa hgc, doanh nghiep va sinh vien, Mot sir tham gia rong rai nhu vay se giiip tao nen tang cho sir hieu biet Ian nhau sau sac va lau dai
Cudi ciing, cd the tien hiinh dieu tra danh gia ve chu de "Nhat Ban trong con mat ngudi Viet Nam" mot each chi tiet ban, tren dien rong ban vdi cac liia tuoi va cac gidi khac nhau Ket qua cua cuoc dieu tra nay chac chan se cdn ddng gdp nhieu ban cho sir phat trien quan he giira hai nude./