Trfldng hpp ciia Linh muc Pham Ba Trflc, hay ciia Cu Sau trfldc dd, di nhien la nam trong nhflng trfldng hdp dac biet : va treng mdt giai doan lich sii dac biet, Khdng phai mpi linh [r]
Trang 114 Nghien cd'u Ton giao So I - 2010
TON GIAO VA DAN TOC
VI TRI CUA LINH MUC PHAM BA TRUC TRONG
• • • •
PHONG TRAO CHONG PHAP GIANH OOC LAP CUA
• •
VIET N A M GIAI DOAN 1945-1954
T rong bai tham luan nay, chung tdi
se khdng de cap chi tiet ve thanh
the va sfl nghiep tham gia khang chien
chd'ng Phap gianh ddc lap ciia Linh muc
Pham Ba Trflc, ma chi xin phat bieu mdt
so' suy nghi ve y nghia ciia hanh ddng ciia
Linh muc trong lich sii Giao hdi Cdng
giao Viet Nam, giai doan 1945-1954
N i e m v u i n g a y D g c l a p
Nhfl chung ta deu bie't, Linh muc Pham
Ba Trflc da tflng dfldc dao tao tai trfldng
Truyen giao d Roma, Khi ve nflde Linh muc
dfldc giao nhiem vu day triet hpc tai Dai
chiing vien Ke Sd, tflng la tru sd ciia Giao
phan Tay Dang Ngoai trfldc khi dfldc
chuyen ve Ha Npi, Va Ke Sd, trong nhflng
ngay qua, da dfldc chpn lam ndi cii hanh Le
khai mac Nam Thanh ki niem 50 nam
thanh lap hang giao pham Viet Nam, Nhfl
vay, Linh muc da cd mat va hoat ddng ngay
tai mpt cai noi ciia Giao hpi,
Ngoai ra linh muc cdn la chi'nh xfl ciia
giao xfl Khoan Vy (Ha Nam) Linh muc
cflng cdn dich mot so' sach dao dflc nflde
ngoai sang tie'ng Viet de phuc vu ba con
giao dan ngfldi Viet nhfl cudn Linh hon
cua moi cong tdc tong do (L'ame de tout
Apostolat) Nhfl vay, khi tham gia phong
trao khang chien chd'ng Phap tai xam
Ifldc Viet Nam 1945-1954, Lmh muc
Pham Ba Trflc la ngfldi dang tham gia
tfch cflc trong sinh hoat ciia Giac hdi
Cdng giao Viet Nam va ciia Giao phan
Tay Dang Ngoai ndi rieng
PHAN KH.4C T i f Chung ta cung cdn dfldc biet la khi tham gia Quoc hpi khda I ciia mdt nflde Viet Nam mdi gianh dfldc doc lap, Linh muc Pham Ba Trflc da xin phep be tren dfldc tham gia khang chien va cam ket, sau khi nflde nha dfldc hoan toan ddc lap,
se bd lai mpi chflc tfldc de trd ve lam bdn phan muc vu nhfl cac linh muc khac Giam muc Chaize - Thinh da chap thuan thinh cdu ciia Linh muc Trfldng hdp nay khien chung ta nhd lai mot trfldng hdp khac xay ra trfldc dd cung tai Giao phan Tay Dang Ngoai: trfldng hdp cu Sau Tran Luc, Thang 4/1886 cu Sau Tran Luc, tac gia ciia quan the kien true nha thd Phat Diem ndi tieng, "linh muc nho be ciia Phat Diem tdi Ke Sd, mang theo mdt sac chi vang cd trien ldn dd chdi, Dd la van bang ciia kham sai cho ba tinh Thanh Hda, Nghe An, Ha Tinh", Cu Sau tdi Ke
Sd gap be tren ciia minh la Giam muc Puginier - Phfldc de thinh y Giam muc ve viec trieu dinh giao cho Cu sfl mang Kham sai Dflc Giam muc cho phep Cu Sau nhan sfl mang ma nha vua tin cay giao cho, nhflng chi trong thdi gian cang ngan cang td't, Sau 35 ngay, Cu Sau dfldc khuyen nen tfl chflc va trd ve Phat Diem
Vi "Kham sai da vang ldi""'
*, Linh muc, Uy ban Doan kei Cong giao Viet Nam
1 Olichon 98-99, trfch theo Truong Ba Can, Lich sif phdt irien Cdng gido d \ iet Nam Nxb, Ton giao
2008 tap 2 tr, 560
Trang 2Phan Khac Tir Vi tii ci'ia Linh muc Pham Bd Tntc 15
Trfldng hpp ciia Linh muc Pham Ba
Trflc, hay ciia Cu Sau trfldc dd, di nhien
la nam trong nhflng trfldng hdp dac biet
: va treng mdt giai doan lich sii dac biet,
Khdng phai mpi linh muc deu dfldc keu
gpi de thflc hien nhflng nhiem vu nhfl hai
linh muc dfldc ndi de'n tren day, Nhflng
chung ta cd the hieu dfldc rang tfnh each
dac biet d day chi lien quan den each thflc
the hien mpt tinh than, mpt sfl mang,
mdt dn keu gpi ciia Giao hdi la the hien
long yeu thfldng ciia Thien Chua dd'i vdi
con ngfldi, mpi con ngfldi, Va day la bdn
phan chung cho mpi ngfldi Cdng giao,
linh muc hay giao dan, tu si, Va ldng yeu
thfldng ay ludn bao gdm nhflng hanh
dpng cu the, trong nhflng hoan canh cu
the v a ddng dao cac thanh phan ctia
Giao hpi Cong giao tai Viet Nam da hieu
ra rang, trong hoan canh cu the ciia nam
1945, nhiem vu cu the cua ngfldi Cdng
giao la cflng vdi ddng bao ciia minh ra sflc
bao ve nen ddc lap ctia Td qudc, vi ddc lap
la mdt trong nhflng dieu kien tien quyet
de con ngfldi cd the phat trien mdt each
day dii, theo dflng pham gia ciia con
ngfldi va Thien Chua,
Tha'y dfldc gia tri to ldn ciia nen ddc lap
ma dan tdc trong dd cd ngfldi Cdng giao deo
dudi, dd xfldng mau de cd dfldc, cac giam
muc Le Hflu Tfl Hd Ngpc Can da nhan
lam cd' va'n cho Chi'nh phii, Nhieu nhan si,
trf thflc Cdng giao da dam nhiem nhieu
chflc vu cao cap nhfl cac dng Nguyen Manh
' Ha, Vu Dinh Tung, Ngd Tii Ha Giam muc
Hd Ngpc Can da iing hd ca day chuyen
vang cho chfnh phii khang chie'n trong
"Tuan le vang", Trfldc am mflu ctia Thflc
dan Phap lam le cfldp di nen ddc lap non
tre ciia dan tdc, Giam muc Nguyen Ba
j Tdng da thay mat cac giam muc ngfldi Viet
giii mdt dien van cho Tda Thanh va cho
I gidi Cdng giao the gidi de nghi iing hp
I chi'nh pbii mdi ciia Viet Nam,
"Chung tdi la bd'n giam muc Viet Nam
b Bui Chu, Vinh Long va Phat Diem, ha
j tuan thang trfldc day da giii mdt dien van
yeu cau Dflc Giao hoang, trieu dinh La
Ma, cac Hdng y, Tdng giam muc, giam muc va het giao si cflng giao dan hoan cau, ling hd nen ddc lap ciia Td qud'c Viet Nam chung tdi Nay mdt lan nfla chung tdi len tieng thiet tha keu gpi ldng quang dai ciia khap Giao hdi dd'i vdi da't nflde chung tdi, mdt nflde da dfldc Dflc Giao hoang Truyen giao (tflc la Dflc Giao hoang Pid XI) hoi phong cho giam muc Viet Nam tien khdi nam 1933 da td mdi
hi vpng cd ngay se xflng dang cai danh hieu la "Con trfldng Giao hdi d Cflc Ddng" Nha't la chung tdi hd hao hai cfldng qud'c Anh, My xin can thiep mdt each hieu qua de chflng tdi khdi lam vao nan binh dao ghe sd, gifla luc ca hoan cau
da dfldc hfldng thai binh bay lau nhfl mong ddi,, Phai, chinh lflc nay, d nflde Viet Nam chung tdi dang dien ra mdt cupc xung dot dang lo ngai Ldng ai qud'c anh dung va khdng lay chuyen ciia ngfldi Viet Nam dang xd hp ra chdn sa trfldng, xdng pha dan liia Chi vi mud'n gifl vflng nen ddc lap, chi vi mud'n benh vflc cdng If
va tfl do ma mdt sd' ldn con dan dang bi giet hai, nhflng con dan ma nflde Viet Nam ra't can de kie'n thie't va mflu la'y hanh phflc cho minh "''^'
Qua thge, qua cac giam muc ciia minh, ngfldi Cdng giao Viet Nam da bay td vdi the gidi Cdng giao va the gidi ndi chung la ngfldi Cdng giao Viet Nam gan bd va tha thie't vdi nen ddc lap ciia dan tdc, cung la muc tieu, li tfldng ciia tuyet dai da sd ngfldi Viet Nam luc ba'y gid La ngfldi Viet Nam, ngfldi Cdng giao cung da phai chiu chung so' phan ciia tuyet dai da sd ngfldi Viet Nam dfldi sfl thd'ng tri ciia ngoai bang, ciia chii nghia thflc dan, do
dd, cung nhfl bao ngfldi Viet Nam khac, cflng khao khat ddc lap, tfl do va xem dd nhfl mdt gia tri cdn phai bao ve Ngfldi Cdng giao Viet Nam da mong mdi sd'ng niem tin tdn giao ciia minh t r o n g hda
2 Trfch theo: Nguydn Dinh Dau (J budi ddu ldi cd
Cdng gido deu img ho che'do Viet Nam Ddn ciui Cdng Iwa trong Bao Cdng gido vd Ddn tdc tuan Id
tir 14/10 den 20/10/2005
Trang 316 Nghien ciiu Ton giao Sd 1 - 2010
binh, trong mdt da't nflde ma mpi con
ngfldi deu dfldc yeu thfldng va tdn trpng
Nhufng thii t h a c h mdi
Nhflng niem vui ciia ngay le Doc lap
da khdng keo dai dfldc lau, Cupc chien
tranh tai xam Ifldc Viet Nam ctia Phap va
cupc khang chie'n de bao ve nen ddc lap
ciia nhan dan Viet Nam da sdm hi td dam
mau sac y thflc he; hflu than va vd than
Va hau qua la khdng ft ngfldi Cdng giao,
tflng hd hdi trfldc vien tfldng ciia mdt
nflde Viet Nam ddc lap, gid day da bat
dau lo au cho niem tin tdn giao ciia minh
Ngfldi Cdng giao Viet Nam lflc nay da hi
dat trfldc mpt sfl lfla chpn bi dat: Hoac
tie'p tuc tham gia khang chien trong
phong trao Viet Minh "cpng san vd than"
va nhfl vay la tfl bd niem tin tdn giao hp
da nhan dfldc tfl cha ong nhfl mdt con
dfldng dem lai cho hp sfl giai thoat, sfl
cflu dp, nen tang ciia hanh phflc trfldng
tdn Hoac duy tri va bao ve niem tin tdn
giao ciia minh, nhflng nhfl the, va trong
hoan canh cu the khi a'y, phai tfl bd cupc
da'u tranh bao ve nen ddc lap trong phong
trao khang chien do nhflng ngfldi "cdng
san vo than" lanh dao Sfl ddi nghich khi
a'y chang nhflng da khdng cd dfldc mdt
giai phap "hda giai" ma trai lai, da dfldc
day tdi dinh diem, ve phia Giao hdi Cdng
giao, vdi Thfl chung ciia cac giam muc
Ddng Dfldng 1951 de dpa loai trfl khdi
Giao hdi nhflng ngfldi Cdng glad gia nhap
hay ling hd Viet Minh nam chi'nh quyen
Sfl lfla chpn trd nen dflt khoat De
Lattre de Tassigny, Cao iiy Phap, ngfldi
Cdng giao, vd'n xem cupc chie'n tranh tai
xam Ifldc Viet Nam nhfl mpt cudc "Thap tfl
chinh" va nhflng ngfldi linh Phap la nhflng
chien si chien da'u de bao ve nen van minh
Kitd giao''^', dfldc xem la ngfldi da cd mdt
vai trd quan trpng trong viec day sfl ddi
nghich na}' tdi dinh diem cua nd
Nhflng lich sii ciia dan tdc Viet Nam
da khdng dflng lai d dd Va sau dd vd ca
ve mat vat cha't liin tmh than If tfldng ca
dan tdc theo dudi da tflng bfldc dfldc the
hien: chien tranh da hoan toan cha'm dflt
tren da't nflde than yeu ciia chung ta, sfl thd'ng nha't da dfldc tai lap, nen doc lap cung da trd lai vdi dan tdc Chung ta khdng ngay ngo de'n ndi khdng tha'y dfldc nhflng khd khan, tham chf nhflng mau thuan cu va mdi dang ddi phai dfldc giai quyet Nhflng chung tdi lai cung xac tfn rang, viec giai quye't nhflng khd khan va mau thuan nay hoan toan cd the dfldc tien hanh khdng phai bang da'u tranh de loai trfl ma bang ddi thoai de dat dfldc sfl ddng thuan can thie't che viec xay dflng mdt xa hpi moi ngay mdi mang tfnh nhan van hdn, trong sfl tdn trpng nhflng khac biet tao nen sfl phong phu ciia kho tang van hda ciia dan tpc
Ket l u a n
Hdm nay, chung ta td chflc budi tfldng niem Lmh muc Pham Ba Trflc vdi tfl each la mdt linh muc da cd' gang thflc thi bdn phan chung ciia mgi cdng dan yeu chudng ddc lap, tfl do I^inh muc Pham Ba Trflc cd the dfldc xem nhfl mdt hinh anh ciia mpt quan he hai hda gifla dao va ddi Linh muc da chpn di theo khang chien cho'ng Phap tai xam Ifldc de bao ve ddc lap ciia Td qud'c vdi tfl each Linh muc va han la Linh muc da cd the trd ve tiep tuc lam cdng tac muc vu tai mpt giao xfl nao dd theo fldc nguyen
da bay td vdi be tren ciia Linh muc, khi dat nflde t h a n h binh, Nhflng Linh muc
da qua ddi trfldc khi dfldc toai nguyen (5/10/1954), chl 5 ngay trfldc khi quan khang chien tie'n vao Thii dd Ha Npi
Y nguyen ctia Linh muc han se dfldc tiep tuc the hien trong hanh ddng ciia chflng ta trong giai doan lich sii hien nay ciia dan tdc Chflng ta se tim each the hien traeh nhiem ciia ngfldi Cdng giao gifla dan tdc va cung vdi dan tdc, vdi mpi ngfldi Viet Nam, qua con dfldng ddi thoai, Lheo chung tdi, la con dfldng cu the thfeh hdp vdi hien tai, trong hoan canh cu the ciia da't nflde hien nay,/
3, Xin xem: Tran Thi Lien, De Lattre an X'ietnain
1951 L'aniie de la Croisade luan van Cao hpc Sir
hoc tai Vien Nghien ciru Chfnh tri Paris 1987-1988, tr^ 143