phai mdi cac dng dd xudng cdng tac ha tang, khep hg vao ky luat, de chira tinh kieu ngao, thdi quan lieu cho hg va de giir viing ky luat cua Dang va cua Chinh phii"^ Chinh dieu dd[r]
Trang 1SU" NGHIEP VA TU' TU'O'NG HO CHi MINH
-> • ' «* »
TlJ Ttdl^G HO CHI mNR \E \AN BE KY LEAT
VA THI BANR KY LUAT OTA BANG
ThS DO XUAN TUAT
La dang duy nhat cam quyen, lanh dao
each mang Viet Nam - Dang Cdng san
Viet Nam la mdt td chue chat che, thdng nhat y
chi va hanh ddng; lay tap trung dan chu lam
nguyen tic td chirc ca ban, ddi hdi phai cd ky
luat nghiem minh Ky luat ciia Dang ed tam
quan trgng dac biet trong viec giii vung va
nang cao vai trd, nang luc lanh dao cua Dang
La ngudi sang lap va ren luyen Dang Cdng san
Viet Nam, Chu tich Hd Chi Minh da van dung
va phat trien sang tao quan diem cua chu nghla
Mac-Lenin ve kiem tra va ky luat dang, phii
hgp vdi dac diem, thuc tien cua Dang ta va cua
each mang Viet Nam
Theo Hd Chi Minh, ky luat bao gidf ciing la
mdt van de gan lien vdi cdng tae kiem tra; la
mdt ndi dung quan trgng cua cdng tac xay
dung, chinh ddn Dang, va la mdt trong nhung
van de ed tinh quy luat trong hoat ddng lanh
dao cua Dang
Thdng qua thuc tien hoat ddng lanh dao
ciia Dang, tam quan trgng cua tinh td chiic, ky
Hoc vien CT-HC quoc gia Hd Chi Minh
luat dang dugc Hd Chi Minh nhan manh: "Tir truac tdi nay Dang ta gap nhieu khd khan, nhung Dang ta van phat trien dugc la nhdf cd tinh td chiic, tinh ky luat"'; "Kinh qua bao nhieu con sdng gid, bao nhieu buac khd khan, cang nhieu gian nan Dang ta cang nhieu ren luyen, cang them viing chae va rdng Idn Nhd chinh saeh diing, lanh dao chae, ky luat nghiem, nha tu tudng thdng nhat, ma Dang ta
va dan tdc ta dugc nhung thang Igi ve vang ngay nay"'^
Quan diem siic manh vd dich ciia Dang la
a tinh than tu giae, y thiic td chiic ky luat cao ciia can bg, dang vien dugc Hd Chi Minh nhae di nhae lai nhieu lan qua cac thdi ky each mang Siic manh ciia Dang cdn dugc the hien
a siic manh ciia ky luat chat che, ciia viec thudng xuyen siet chat ky luat Ky luat dang vira the hien tinh nghiem minh, vira thi hien tinh dan ehii, nhan van sau sle Mue dich ciia
ky luat dang la de sira chiia, udn nin, ngan ngira thieu sdt va sai lam ciia can bd, dang
vien va ciia td chiic dang trong thuc tien hoat
ddng lanh dao
Trang 2SU' NGHIEP VA TU' TU'O'NG H O CHI MINH
Dang Cdng san Viet Nam gdm nhung
ngudi con uu tii cua dan tdc Dudng Idi, chinh
saeh cua Dang se khdng the bien thanh hien
thuc sinh ddng trong cude sdng neu ddi ngii
can bd, dang vien kem y thiic td chiic ky luat
Mudn chu truong, dudng Idi eua Dang di vao
thuc tien ddi sdng rat can phai cd ky luat tu
giae Ky luat ciia ngudi can bd, dang vien hoan
toan xuat phat tir ban chat khoa bgc va each
mang cua Dang ta-noi hdi tu nhung ngudi
hang hai, uu tii, trung thanh, tu nguyen tu giae
diirng vao hang ngii tien phong, chien diu hy
sinh vi su nghiep each mang cua Dang va cua
dan tdc Chinh vi vay, nhieu lan, Hd Chi Minh
khuyen nhu, neu ngai gian khd, khd khan, neu
sg minh khdng toan tam toan y phuc vu each
mang, phuc vu nhan dan, sg khep minh vao td
chiic, sg ky luat sat cua Dang thi dimg vao
Dang hoae hay khoan vao Dang
Ky luat ciia Dang truac het buge mgi can
bd, dang vien va td chiic dang phai tuyet ddi
trung thanh vdi chii nghia Mac-Lenin; chap
hanh vd dieu kien cuong linh chinh tri, chu
truong, dudng ldi cua Dang Chinh vi vay,
nlu khdng cd su thdng nhat ve tu tudng, ly
luan thi hanh ddng cua ngudi can bd, dang
vien se khdng thdng nhat, y thiic td chiie ky
luat se Idng leo Su nhat tri ve tu tudng va
hanh ddng la yeu eau dau tien eua van de tang
cudng ky luat sit, ky luat nghiem minh, ky
luat tu giae cua Dang "Dang phai giir ky luat
rit nghiem tir tren xuong dudi Ky luat nay la
tu tudng phai nhit tri, hanh ddng phai nhat tri
Ky luat nay la do Idng tu giae ciia dang vien
vl nhiem vu ciia hg ddi vdi Dang "^ Vdi Hd
Chi Mmh, thue hien tdt ky luat dang ciing cd
nghla la thue hien diing nguyen tac tap trung dan chu; tiic la ca nhan tuyet ddi phue timg td chiic, sd it phai phuc timg sd nhieu, cap dudi phai phuc timg cap tren, dia phuang phai phuc timg Trung uong Day ciing la mdt nguyen tac
CO ban trong hoat ddng lanh dao cua Dang Mudn bao dam dugc sir thdng nhat ve phuang dien ly luan thi phai het siic chu trgng van dung va phat trien sang tao chu nghla Mac-Lenin eho phii hgp vdi hoan canh cu the Dieu
dd ciing ddng nghla vdi viec phai lam cho toan Dang, mdi can bd, dang vien hanh ddng diing
va tdn trgng quy luat khach quan, cung cd nghla la tuan thu ky luat cua Dang mdt each tu nguyen, tu giae Siic manh ky luat tu giae cua can bd, dang vien la chap hanh vd dieu kien nghi quyet, chu truong, dudng ldi cua Dang Nhu the ciing cd nghla la dudng Idi, chu truong cua Dang phai bao dam dugc tinh diing din cua nd Khi dudng ldi, chu truong cang diing din thi su thdng nhat, ky luat cua toan Dang cang duge chat che va nang cao hon; nghi quyet cua Dang vi the nhanh ehdng bien thanh hanh ddng each mang cua can bd, dang vien va quan ehiing, di vao thuc tien ddi sdng
Do vay ma ky luat trong Dang, ky cuong phep nuac dugc tang cudng
Hd Chi Minh ludn khang dinh sire manh cua tinh than tu giae va tinh td chirc, ky luat cao trong Dang Dieu dd ddi hdi dang vien phai myet ddi tranh ddc doan, chuyen quyen,
ca nhan chu nghla Muc dich cua viec thi hanh
ky luat nghiem ngat trong Dang la de dam bao eho tu tudng nhat tri va hanh ddng thdng nhat trong toan Dang Viec chap hanh nghiem ky luat, gan mgi boat ddng cua ban than mdi can
TAP CHI LICH SLT OANG - SO 11/2009 17
Trang 3SU' NGHIEP VA TU" TU'O'NG HO CHi MINH
bd, dang vien vdi tinh td chirc, ky luat cao
chinh la mdt bao dam chin chae cho viec
nang cao chat lugng, hieu qua cdng tac, eho
viec hoan thanh nhiem vu chinh tri: "Tat ea
can bg, dang vien phai giir tinh ky luat, tinh td
chiic Nhdf rang khdng cd viec gi lam ngoai td
chiie, ngoai ky luat ma thanh cdng"^
Qua thuc tien boat ddng lanh dao ciia Dang,
Hd Chi Minh chi ro chi bd, td chiic ca sa dang la
noi quan ly, giao due ddi ngii can bd, dang vien
mdt each true tiep va cu the nhit Do vay, mdt
van de quan trgng dugc dat ra trong bao dam ky
luat cua Dang la phai tang cudng chit lugng cua
chi bd, chit lugng cua td chiic ca sdf dang Da
xac dinh ky luat cua Dang la 1^ luat sit thi mdi td
chiic ca sdf dang phai la mdt td chiic nghiem tiie,
chat che; phai thue hien tdt cac nguyen tic sinh
boat dang, tranh tinh trang phan tan td chiic, tu
tudng va hanh ddng; hoae hien tugng thieu thdng
nhit, "trdng danh xudi, ken thdi ngugc",
Theo Hd Chi Minh, ciing nhu cdng tac
kiem tra, ky luat dang ddi hdi de cao tinh tich
cue, chu ddng va deu nham muc dich ngan
ngira nhiing sai pham, nham nang cao dao
diic each mang ddi vdi can bd, dang vien Ky
luat khdng phai la trimg phat, truy xet, ma cao
hon the la giiip eho ngudi mac khuyet diem,
sai lam nhan rd Idi lam, vi pham cua mmh va
ed hudng sira chira, khac phuc
Dang ta la dang cam quyen, do dd Hd Chi
Minh ludn nhan manh den nhiing thii benh cd
the dan den nguy ca ciia dang cam quyen, Iam
suy yeu ea the Dang va bd may chinh quyin,
cac td chiic trong he thdng chinh tri, nhu benh
tham d, lang phi, quan lieu, ea nhan chu nghla,
benh vd ky luat, "di khdng xin phep, vl khdng
bao cao"; trong dau tranh tu phe binh va phe binh thi e de, nl nang, theo kilu "bin siing chi thien"; "tudng la dang vien thi mudn lam trdi lam dit gi thi lam", Hd Chi Minh phe phan nghiem khic hien tugng "khinh re y kiln cap duoi Xem thudng chi thi cua d p tren": "Vira qua cd hien tugng: Thii tudng, Phd Thii tudng
da ra lenh, rihung cip dudi khdng thi hanh ma Cling khdng cd ky luat Cd can bd, dang vien Igi dung quyin thi cua Dang va Nha nudc lam nhiing viec trai vdi chinh saeh va phap luat, xam pham din Igi ich vat chit va quyin
tu do dan ehu cua nhan dan, nhung ciing chua
bi xu phat kip thdi, Nhu vay la ky luat chua nghiem Chiing ta cin phai chii y hon niia den viec giao due y thiic td chiic, ky luat trong Dang va phai thue hien diing chinh saeh khen thudng va ky luat cua Dang va Nha nudc"^ Chi dan nay ciia Ngudi van giir nguyen tinh thdi su trong thuc tien ddi sdng chinh tri dit nuac hdm nay
Ngudi yeu cau phai dua nhirng ke sau mgt,
hu bai ra khdi Dang va thudng xuyen bd sung cho Dang nhung thanh phan uu tii Day la mdt van de cd tinh quy luat dao thai nghiem khac cua Dang Cgng san; lam dugc nhu vay tiic la bao dam tinh nghiem minh ciia ky luat dang Trong tu tudng Hd Chi Minh, vin de ky luat dang ludn the hien ro tinh dan chu, long bao dung, do lugng sau sac Hd Chi Minh quan niem, ddi ngudi ai ciing cd khuyet diem; tuy nhien chiing ta khdng sg sai lam, khuyet diem, chi sg khdng chiu cd gang siia chiia va ciing chi sg ngudi lanh dao khdng biet tim diing each de giiip can bd, dang vien siia chira nhiing khuyet diem, sai lam Hd Chi Minh
Trang 4SU" NGHIEP VA TU' TL/O'NG H 6 CHi MINH
cho rang ky luat trong Dang phai la sir thdng
nhit bien chiing giira "xay" va "ehdng", trong
dd lay giao due la chinh; nhung dong thdi
ciing phai rat nghiem khic trudfc nhiing vi
pham ky luat dang
Mgi vi pham ky luat dang deu phai dugc
xem xet, neu din miic phai thi hanh ky luat
dang thi xir ly thich dang, khdng ed vimg elm,
khdng cd dang vien nao ed the diing tren
Dang, tu cho minh la ban Dang Ngudi cdn
chi ro, sira chira sai lam, cd nhien can dimg
each giai thich, thuyet phuc, cam hoa, day
bao, song ciing can phai ket hgp vdi bien phap
xir ly ky luat Trong xem xet, thi hanh ky luat
dang khdng nhiing phai dam bao tinh khach
quan, than trgng, ma cdn het siic tranh hinh
thiic, qua loa, chieu le Diing truac mdi
khuyet diem, sai lam cua can bd, dang vien, td
chiie dang, true tiep la cap uy cac cap phai di
sau tim hieu, phan tich thau dao, can ke den
"tan gdc re" nguyen nhan gay ra khuyet diem,
sai lam (ca chu quan va khach quan, do cd y
hay do trinh do ban che ma mac phai) de cd
quyet dinh va ap dung hinh thiic, miic do xir
ly ky luat phii hgp Hd Chi Minh yeu cau chu
the kiem tra can phai phan tich ro nguyen
nhan dan tdi sai lam, phai xet ky ludng vi
pham nang hay nhe, phai dimg miie xii phat
cho diing
Trong chap hanh ky luat dang, Hd Chi
Minh chi rd mdt hien tugng nguy hai: "cd
nhung ngudi cay minh la "cdng than each
mang" rdi dam ra ngang tang, khdng giir gin
ky luat, khdng thi hanh nghi quyet cua Dang
va cua Chinh phii The la hg kieu ngao, hg
pha ky luat cua Dang, cua Chinh phu"^ Vdi
nhung sai pham cua cac ddi tugng nay, "Can
phai mdi cac dng dd xudng cdng tac ha tang, khep hg vao ky luat, de chira tinh kieu ngao, thdi quan lieu cho hg va de giir viing ky luat cua Dang va cua Chinh phii"^ Chinh dieu dd lam cho ky luat dang duge thi hanh tir tren xudng dudi, mgi ngudi deu binh ding truac
ky luat cua Dang, qua dd bao dam tinh cdng minh, nghiem minh cua ky luat dang, tao tinh thuyet phuc, tac dung giao due, cam hoa, lam cho ngudi cd Idi lam thuc su "tam phuc khau phue", lam chuyen bien tu tudng va nhan thiic theo hudng tich cue ciia ca nhan can bd, dang vien mac khuyet diem, sai lam
Trong thi hanh ky luat dang, Ngudi rat chii
y den tinh tu gjac nhan khuyet diem, ldi lam va dua ra hudng sira chira, khac phuc, tren tinh than do ma "khoan hdng dai do"; nhung dong thdi ciing het sire nghiem khae ddi vdi thdi thieu trung thuc va nhung hanh dgng, thu doan bao che trude nhung vi pham cua can bd, dang vien Van de quan trgng trong xay dung ddi ngii can bd, dang vien va td chiire dang trong saeh, vung manh la phai ludn chii y tdi nhiing bien phap ngan ehan, phdng ngira nhung sai pham cua td chiic dang va eiia can bd, dang vien ngay tir khi mdi manh nha, cd diu hieu vi pham, chii khdng de nhiing vi pham do trdf thanh nghiem trgng mdi xem xet, xir ly ky luat, theo phuang cham "phdng benh hon chiia benh" Ngudi ndi: "Neu de sai llm khuylt diem trdf nen to tat rdi mdi dem ra "chinh" mdt lin, thi la "dap" can bd Can bd bi "dap", mit
ca Idng tu tin, ngudi hang hai ciing boa thanh nan ehi, tir nan chi di den vd dimg"*
Trong thi hanh ky luat dang, Hd Chi Minh nhm nhan nhirng Idi lam, khuyet diim cua can
bg, dang vien rat bien chiing, de tir dd dua ra
TAP CHI LICH SLT OANG - SO 11/2009 19
Trang 5SLF NGHIEP VA TU' TU'ONG HO CHi MINH
nhung chi dan diing din cho viec thi hanh ky
luat: "Ngudi ddi ai ciing cd khuyet diem Cd
lam viee thi cd sai llm Chiing ta khdng sg cd
sai llm va khuylt diem, chi sg khdng chiu ed
gang sira chiia sai lam va khuyet diem Va
cang sg nhung ngudi lanh dao khdng biet tim
each diing de giiip can bd sira chiia sai lam va
khuyet diem Vi vay, ddi vdi can bd bi sai
lam, ta quyet khdng nen nhan rang hg mudn
nhu thi, ma cdng kich hg Trai lai, ta phai
diing thai do than thiet, giiip hg tim ra cai ea
vi sao ma sai lam? Sai lam nhu the se ed hai
den cdng viee the nao? Lam the nao ma sira
chiia? Tdm lai, phai phe binh eho diing"^
Vdi Hd Chi Minh, dii quy dinh, ky luat eiia
Dang cd dugc bd sung, hoan thien nhu the
nao chang nira, thi dieu quan trgng truac het
van la tinh tu giae trong tu duong, ren luyen
dao diic each mang cua can bd, dang vien Ky
luat la y thirc tu giae trong nhan thiic va hanh
ddng ve cai tat yeu Mdi dang vien, du la dang
vien giir trgng traeh trong bd may Dang va
Nha nuac, thi trudc het phai la mdt edng dan
guong mau Ngoai viec chap hanh nghiem
ehinh ky luat dang, cac nghi quyet, chi thi,
cuong ITnh, Dieu le Dang, phai thuc hien
nghiem chinh Hien phap, phap luat Bat ky
trong hoan canh nao, dang vien va can bd can
phai ludn ludn ra siic phan diu, ra siic lam
viec, cd gang hge tap de nang cao trinh do van
hoa, tri thiic va nang cao ban linh chinh tri;
ludn ludn giir gin ky luat; xiing dang la ngudi
can bd, dang vien cua Dang
Khdng chi dinh hudng each thiie, phuang
phap xu ly ky luat phii hgp, diing din truac
nhung sai pham eua can bg, dang vien, Hd
Chi Minh cdn chi rd nhung ban chi, ylu kem
trong viec thi hanh ky luat dang, nhu: xii ly ky luat, xet thu khilu nai cdn cham chap; kiem tra dang vien pham sai lam cdn chua chu ddng; hudng din van dung phuong cham ky luat chua chat che, de cho ky luat dang cd chd bi budng Idng, vi vay ma thieu tac dung giao due
va ngan ngira dang vien khdi pham ky luat; hoae hien tugng: "Nhieu noi cac ddng chi pham ldi, nhung khdng bi trimg phat xung dang, cd ddng chi bi ha ting cdng tac noi nay,
di noi khac lai df nguyen cap cii hay chi bi ha ting cdng tae theo hinh thiic, nhung van d cap
bd cii lam viec Cd ddng chi dang phai trimg phat, nhung vi cam tinh ne nang chi phe binh, eanh cao qua loa cho xong chuyen, tham chi cd noi che day cho nhau, tha thii lan nhau, lira doi
d p tren, giau giem Doan the (Ddng-NV) Thi
hanh ky luat nhu vay lam cho cac ddng chi khdng nhirng khdng biet sira ldi minh ma cdn khinh thudng ky luat"'^
Nhu vay, bat ky mgt td chiic xa hdi, mgt
td chiic chinh tri nao ciing can tinh td chiic
ky luat Ky luat cang cao, cang nghiem minh, chat che thi siic manh cua td chiic vi the cang dugc cimg cd, tang cudng Vin dl kilm tra
va ky luat dang ludn la van de cd tam quan trgng dac biet ddi vdi mgt td chiic chinh tri, nhat la ddi vdi Dang Cgng san cam quyen Dang dieu chinh hanh vi ciia td chiic dang, dang vien bing Dieu le, ky luat dang Budng Idng ky luat, sdm hay mudn Dang se bi suy yeu, tan ra Thuc tien phang trao cdng san the gidi cho thay, neu xa rdi nhiing nguyen ly Mac-Lenin ve xay dung Dang, trong dd c6 van de thuc hien ky luat dang nghiem minh
va tu giae, tat yeu se dan din su sai lam vl dudng ldi, danh mat niem tin vao ly tuong,
Trang 6SU' NGHIEP VA TU' TU'O'NG HO CHi MINH
tat se dan den tinh trang vd td chire, vd ky
luat trong Dang Kit qua se lam cho xa hdi
rdi loan, mat dn dinh chinh tri, ky cuong
phep nuac bi xem thudng va dieu dd tac
ddng tieu cue trd lai ban than Dang, lam suy
thoai Dang va ddi ngii can bd, dang vien; dan
den nguy ea mat edn cua Dang, cua che do
Diing nhu V.I Lenin da chi rd: " nhiing
ngudi Bdnsevich se khdng giii dugc chinh
quyin, tdi khdng ndi dugc den hai nam rudi,
ma ngay ca den hai thang rudi ciing khdng
dugc niia, neu Dang ta khdng ee ky luat het
siic nghiem minh, ky luat sat thue sir""
Siic manh cua Dang Cdng san Viet Nam
bat ngudn tir nhieu yeu td, trong dd cd vai trd
het siic quan trgng cua viec xay dung td chirc
chat che va ky luat tu giae Van de ky luat
trong Dang vi vay tra thanh mdt trong nhung
nhan td quyet dinh sire chien dau cua Dang
Cdng san Viet Nam
Tu tudng Hd Chi Minh ve van de ky luat
dang tiep tuc soi sang cho cdng tac kiem tra
va ky luat dang hien nay Van de dat ra la
chiing ta nhan thirc dugc tang sau ban chat cac
quan diem, tu tudng dd nhu the nao va hanh
ddng ra sao trong cude van ddng xay dung,
ehinh ddn Dang Sir nghiep ddi mdi dat nude
cang di vao chieu sau thi cang ddi hdi phai
nang cao nang lire, sue chien dau cua Dang va
eua ddi ngu can bd, dang vien Vi vay, van de
nang cao chat lugng td chiic dang, cua can bd,
dang vien trong dd neu cao ky luat dang, giir
nghiem ky luat dang van la ddi hdi cap thiet
cua cdng cude xay dung, chinh ddn Dang, de
Dang Cdng san Viet Nam mai mai "la dao
diic, la van minh"; tieu bieu cho tri tue, luong
tam va pham gia cua dan tdc
I, 4 H6 Chi Mmh Todn t^, CTQG, H,2002, T.8,
tr344,344
2,3,6, 7, 8,9, 10 Ho Chi Mmh Todn t^, CTQG, H,
2000, T.5, tr.549,250,286,286,282,283-284,73
5.H6ChiMnhTodntq),CiqG,\i2m),l.\\,tr515
II V.lLenin: Todn tip, Tien Bo, M, 1977, T.41, tr.6
TU* TtTdNG H O CHI M I N H
(Tiep theo trang 15)
Chien tranh do thuc dan Phap gay ra, tien hanh bdi ddi quan nha nghe, vii khi hien dai liic bay gid lam cho nhieu ngudi, du luan the
gidi lo sg Nhung Ldi keu ggi eua Hd Chi
Minh lai ddng vien ddng bao toan qude vdi cude, thudng, gay gdc ra ddi diu vdi ed may giet ngudi ay la dieu khdng phai ai ciing hieu dugc ngay Hon nira, Ngudi cdn khang dinh
chae ehan thdng lgi nhdt dinh ve ddn tgc ta
Vi Idi ddng vien va niem tin ay dugc bao dam bang khoa hge Mac - Lenin, be day thuc tien ehdng ngoai xam cua lieh sir dan tgc, va kiem nghiem cua Cach mang thang Tam
"Ldi keu ggi toan qude khang chien" the hien niem tin vao siic manh ciia nhan dan, tin vao thang Igi ciia dan tdc ta Hai niem tin dd
la siic sdng ciia Loi keu ggi da truyen thang
vao can bd va nhan dan ta Ket qua truac mit
la kip thdi dua ca dan tdc di theo con dudng
ma Ngudi da neu Ket qua lau dai la nang trinh do tu tudng cua can bd va nhan dan len timg budc de tao ra siic manh mdi, din din dua khang chien den thanh edng
1 Ho Chi Minh Todn tap CTQG, H, 2002,
T.4, tr.480