Cd the ndi, khoa hge chien tranh nhan dan, tu tudng ciiu nuac, tinh than yeu nuac biic xiic trudfc gid phut nghiem trgng ciia Td qude, hoa hgp vao nhau, lam cho "Ldi keu ggi toan [r]
Trang 1SU* NGHIEP VA TU" TU-dNG HO CHJ MINH
TiTTL/aNG HO CHI MINH TRONG Ldi KEU GOI TOAN QUOC KHANG CHIEN (19-12-1946)
m
PGS LE THE LANG
"Ldi keu ggi toan qude khang chien" ngan
chua day mdt trang trong Ho Chi Minh Todn
tap, nhung ham chiia nhieu tu tudng quan
trgng khdng de gi Idiam pha diy du Truac het
cd the neu may quan diem ndi bat:
7 Cuoc khdng chien cda ta Id lay chinh
nghla, chong phi nghla
Md dau Loi keu ggi, Chii tich Hd Chi Minh
mudn neu ro vdi dong bdo todn quoc: "Chiing
ta mudn hoa binh, chiing ta phai nhan nhugng
Nhung chiing ta cang nhan nhugng, thuc dan
Phap cang lan tdi, vi chiing quyet tam cudp
nuac ta lan nira!"' Nhu vay nguyen nhan cua
cude khang chien la do thuc dan Phap ddn dan
tdc ta den budc dudng cimg Nhung tu tudng
chu yeu ding sau nguyen nhan true tiep ay la
phan biet rd giira chinh nghia va phi nghla Hd
Chi Minh mudn giuong cao nggn cdf chinh
nghia cua Viet Nam trong cude chien tranh
nay Neu nguyen nhan chinh la de neu mdt
van de Idn ve tu tudng gdm 2 mat ddi lap:
ehinh nghia va phi nghla, thien va ac Hanh
ddng chinh nghla bao gidf ciing cd sire ehinh
phue, Idi cudn nhieu ngudi ddng tinh irng hd
Ke thil phi nghia, tan ac, trudfc sau se bi cd
lap Chinh nghla la mdt nhan td tao nen thang
Igi nen cd kha nang dem lai niem tin, nang
cao siic chiln dau vdi khi tilt: "tha hi sinh tat
ca, chii nhat dinh khdng chiu mat nuac, nhat dinh khdng chiu lam nd le"
f r r
2 To quoc tren hit
Chii tich Hd Chi Minh canh bao Td quoc lam nguy ngay khi mdf diu Ldi keu ggi: thuc dan Phap "quyet tam cudp nuac ta lan niia"
Vi vay phai cicu To quoc ngay Liic nay khdng
cd viec gi khan cap ban cuu nuac Liic nay khdng cd viec gi quan trgng hon giie gin ddt
nuac va cung khdng cd gi quy hon Td qude,
dil phai hy sinh den gigt mdu cuoi cung Chi
trong mgt van ban ngan nhung 7 lan Hd Chi Minh ndi den Td quoc ("Td qude", "nudfc",
"Viet Nam") a vi tri quan trgng va 3 lan dimg
tir keu ggi khan cap: Hod Hai Hai
To quoc tren hit la tu tudng xuyen sudt cugc
ddi Hd Chi Minh, dugc bdc Id manh me df thdi diem nay, a gidf phiit nghiem trgng nay ciia Td qude de dang ddng vien, thiic tinh tinh thin yeu nuac quat cudng cua dan tgc Viet Nam - nhan
td quan trgng nhit cua khang chiln
3 Thirc Men chiin tranh nhan ddn
"Ldi keu ggi toan quoc khang chien" da dl cap din tu tudng, dudng ldi cua chiln tranh nhan dan:
- Ke thil chinh: thuc ddn Phdp
Trang 2SU' NGHIEP vA TU' TU'6'NG H 6 CHi MINH
- Muc tieu can dat: dgc lap vd thong nhdt
- Lire lugng thuc hien: "dong bdo todn
quoc", trong dd ndng cdt la "anh em binh si,
tuve, ddn qudn"
- Phuang cham: phai "ra sice", "mgt long
kien quyet", phai chiu gian khd hy smh Ddng
thdi tu trang bi vii khi san cd, tir thd so nhat,
theo tinh than tu lire, tu cudng de chu ddng
tan cdng va tan cdng khap noi
- Ket luan: khdng chien nhdt dinh thdng lgi
Khang chien toan qude bimg nd trong tinh
trang so sanh lire lugng ta va dieh nhu "chau
chau da voi" nen Idng dan chua yen, suy nghi
phan tan ve con dudng ciiu nuac "Ldi keu
ggi toan qude khang chien" sdm phac hga con
dudng di den thang Igi, da kip thdi udn nan
nhirng vudng mac tu tudng ndi tren, dinh
hudng diing dan ve tu tudng, tinh than cho
can bd va quan dan ca nuac
Chien tranh nhan dan lay nhd danh Idn, lay
it dich nhieu la su kien dac biet ciia the gidi
trong the ky XX Viet Nam la nuac thuc hien
dau tien Hd Chi Minh la ngudi khdi xudng
qua Ldi keu ggi nay; ddng thdi cimg toan
Dang, toan dan day chien tranh nhan dan den
dinh cao khoa hge va nghe thuat
4 Kit hgp ly luan chiin tranh nhdn dan
v&i tinh thdn yiu niedc hue xiic
Ly luan bao gidf ciing the hien bang nhimg
khai niem trim tugng nen khdng phai ngudi
nao ciing de tilp thu Cd the thay ca sa khoa
hge cua "Ldi keu ggi toan quoc khang chien"
la ly luan chiln tranh nhan dan Nhung trong
khudn khd ciia Ldi keu ggi khdng the van
dung diy dii, nen chi neu may diem ndi bat:
todn ddn, Idu ddi, gian kho, tu luc tu cudng
Mat khae, do tinh than yeu nuac thdi thiic nen tac gia huy ddng tit ca cac thanh phan tham gia: bat ky dan dng, dan ba, bat ky ngudi gia, ngudi tre ; dimg ngay nhung thii via khi san
cd, khdng the trdng ehdf a dau dem tdi; ddng thdi khang dinh he la ngudi Viet Nam phai diing len, ngudi khac khdng the lam thay va liic nay tinh than yeu nudc khdng eho phep
ehan chir, do du vi gid cicu nudc dd den
"Ldi keu ggi toan qude khang chien" cdn
an chira nhiing tran tra, lo au cua Hd Chi Minh khi diing truac tinh the Td qude lam nguy; cdn bdc Id tam trang vira chu ddng, binh tinh, vira khan cap ddng vien toan dan chien dau Ldi keu ggi vang len nhu hdi trdng tran tien quan Nhung dieu dd quyen chat vdi
ly luan chien tranh nhan dan lam cho Ldi keu ggi cang sdi dgng Idng ngudi
Cd the ndi, khoa hge chien tranh nhan dan, tu tudng ciiu nuac, tinh than yeu nuac biic xiic trudfc gid phut nghiem trgng ciia Td qude, hoa hgp vao nhau, lam cho "Ldi keu ggi toan qude khang chien" ed siic lay ddng tam can cua tit ca cae tang Idp xa hdi, eiia mgi trinh do tri thiie cimg chung sdng trong cdng ddng dan tdc Viet Nam Dieu dd gdp phin sdm din den dinh cao cua mdt
khi the: qiryet tic cho To quoc quyet sinh
5 Tin tie&ng vimg chae vdo site manh cua nhan ddn
Ddi vdi Hd Chi Minh, niem tin dd khdng phai den day mdi cd, nhung bieu hien vao gidf khdi diu cude khang chien khdng can siic, cd gia tri rieng ciia nd
(Xem tiep trang 21)
Trang 3SU' NGHIEP VA TU' TU'O'NG HO CHi MINH
tat se dan den tinh trang vd td chire, vd ky
luat trong Dang Kit qua se lam cho xa hdi
rdi loan, mat dn dinh chinh tri, ky cuong
phep nuac bi xem thudng va dieu dd tac
ddng tieu cue trd lai ban than Dang, lam suy
thoai Dang va ddi ngii can bd, dang vien; dan
den nguy ea mat edn cua Dang, cua che do
Diing nhu V.I Lenin da chi rd: " nhiing
ngudi Bdnsevich se khdng giii dugc chinh
quyin, tdi khdng ndi dugc den hai nam rudi,
ma ngay ca den hai thang rudi ciing khdng
dugc niia, neu Dang ta khdng ee ky luat het
siic nghiem minh, ky luat sat thue sir""
Siic manh cua Dang Cdng san Viet Nam
bat ngudn tir nhieu yeu td, trong dd cd vai trd
het siic quan trgng cua viec xay dung td chirc
chat che va ky luat tu giae Van de ky luat
trong Dang vi vay tra thanh mdt trong nhung
nhan td quyet dinh sire chien dau cua Dang
Cdng san Viet Nam
Tu tudng Hd Chi Minh ve van de ky luat
dang tiep tuc soi sang cho cdng tac kiem tra
va ky luat dang hien nay Van de dat ra la
chiing ta nhan thirc dugc tang sau ban chat cac
quan diem, tu tudng dd nhu the nao va hanh
ddng ra sao trong cude van ddng xay dung,
ehinh ddn Dang Sir nghiep ddi mdi dat nude
cang di vao chieu sau thi cang ddi hdi phai
nang cao nang lire, sue chien dau cua Dang va
eua ddi ngu can bd, dang vien Vi vay, van de
nang cao chat lugng td chiic dang, cua can bd,
dang vien trong dd neu cao ky luat dang, giir
nghiem ky luat dang van la ddi hdi cap thiet
cua cdng cude xay dung, chinh ddn Dang, de
Dang Cdng san Viet Nam mai mai "la dao
diic, la van minh"; tieu bieu cho tri tue, luong
tam va pham gia cua dan tdc
I, 4 H6 Chi Mmh Todn t^, CTQG, H,2002, T.8,
tr344,344
2,3,6, 7, 8,9, 10 Ho Chi Mmh Todn t^, CTQG, H,
2000, T.5, tr.549,250,286,286,282,283-284,73
5.H6ChiMnhTodntq),CiqG,\i2m),l.\\,tr515
II V.lLenin: Todn tip, Tien Bo, M, 1977, T.41, tr.6
TU* TtTdNG H O CHI M I N H
(Tiep theo trang 15)
Chien tranh do thuc dan Phap gay ra, tien hanh bdi ddi quan nha nghe, vii khi hien dai liic bay gid lam cho nhieu ngudi, du luan the
gidi lo sg Nhung Ldi keu ggi eua Hd Chi
Minh lai ddng vien ddng bao toan qude vdi cude, thudng, gay gdc ra ddi diu vdi ed may giet ngudi ay la dieu khdng phai ai ciing hieu dugc ngay Hon nira, Ngudi cdn khang dinh
chae ehan thdng lgi nhdt dinh ve ddn tgc ta
Vi Idi ddng vien va niem tin ay dugc bao dam bang khoa hge Mac - Lenin, be day thuc tien ehdng ngoai xam cua lieh sir dan tgc, va kiem nghiem cua Cach mang thang Tam
"Ldi keu ggi toan qude khang chien" the hien niem tin vao siic manh ciia nhan dan, tin vao thang Igi ciia dan tdc ta Hai niem tin dd
la siic sdng ciia Loi keu ggi da truyen thang
vao can bd va nhan dan ta Ket qua truac mit
la kip thdi dua ca dan tdc di theo con dudng
ma Ngudi da neu Ket qua lau dai la nang trinh do tu tudng cua can bd va nhan dan len timg budc de tao ra siic manh mdi, din din dua khang chien den thanh edng
1 Ho Chi Minh Todn tap CTQG, H, 2002,
T.4, tr.480
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