N6 cho thay vi tong thong nay td ra than trpng ban trong viec giai quyet eae van de lien quan den dan chu, bdi sau nhirng that bai eila chien luge "thiic day dan chil" ma ngu[r]
Trang 1Thd gidd: Van de, su kien T ^ p c h i c a n g s d n
THUC CHAT CUA CAI GOI LA
"THUC DAY DAN CHO"
6 NU6C NGOAI CUA MY
NGUYEN THANH LOI
Sau khi "Chiin tranh lanh" kit thue, ede cuu tdng thing G Bu-sa (cha),
B.Clin-tan, G.W Bu-sa dd eoi "thuc ddy ddn ehu" a nude ngodi Id mot
trong nhitng mue tiiu quan trqng trong ehinh sdch ddi ngoqi eua My Diiu
dd, theo My, Id di bdo vi lqi ich qudc gia, song nd lqi gdy bdt dn eho an
ninh khu vuc cdng nhu thi gidi Chinh sdch eua Tdng thing B O-ba-ma
*> y
se cd thay ddi gi trong chiin luqe ndy?
5^ iHUC day dan chii" la viec My dya
vao hinh thai y thue va cac tieu
chuan gia tri cua minh, lay siic manh
kinh te, quan sy lam siic ep, van dung nhieu thil
doan khac nhau gay anh hudng va lam thay doi
cue dien chinh tri ciia nude khac, thiet lap che dp
dan chil kieu My Uen toan the gidi, de thong qua
dd thyc hien am muu ba chil the gidi eila minh
Ti§n trinh "thiic day dan chu" ciia
My sau "Chien tranh lanh"
Trong Thong diep Lien bang nam 1990,
Tong thong G Bu-so (cha) tuyen bo: "Bdn muoi
ndm qua My vd cdc nude ddng minh ludn ngdn
ehdn chu nghia cdng sdn de bdo dam cho ddn
chu duoc tdn tqi Gid day, do mdt sd nude trong
he thing xd hdi chu nghia bdt ddu sup do, muc
tieu cua chung ta la phdi bdo dam cho ddn chu
duqc phdt triin "
Sau khi len nam quyen, nam 1994, Tong thong B Clin-ton da cho ra ddi bao cao chien luge an ninh quoc gia vdi ten gpi "Chien luge tham gia va md rong", coi "thiic day dan chii" la muc tieu quan Upng trong chien luge an ninh
quoc gia B Chn-tcm cho rang: "Muc tieu chu
yeu cua chien luac an ninh qudc gia trong thdi dqi mdi Id diing Iuc luong qudn su ludn sdn sdng chien ddu de bdo ve ddt nude, giup nen kinh te
My khdi phuc lqi sue sdng, thuc ddy ddn chu d nude ngodi phdt trien "
Den thdi Tong thong G.W Bu-so, "thiic day dan chii" dugc coi la mpt muc tieu noi bat nhat uong chinh sach doi ngoai cila My Trong bai phat bilu nham chuc nhiem ky hai, ngay 20-1-2005,
ong G.W Bu-sa tuyen bo: "thue ddy ddn chu"
tren phqm vi todn cdu Id "yeu cdu cdp bdch md
an ninh qudc gia My ddt ra ", muc tieu cudi cdng cua "thuc ddy ddn chu" Id kit thuc sucai tri cua cdc chinh the chuyen che "
So 802 (thang 8 nam 2009) 101
Trang 2Thd gidd: Van dk, s u kien Tpp chi c a n g s d n
Tuy nhien, do nhihig anh hudng tieu eye cua
cupc chiin d I-rac, nhirng ket qua ma ehinh
quyin G.W Bu-sa dat dugc trong cai gpi la tien
trinh "thuc dly dan chd" lai khong bing nhirng
gi ma chinh quyin eua ngudi tien nhiem dat
dugc Nha phan tich Tho-mat Ca-rd-tho binh
luan: "Dudi su lanh dqo cua dng G.W Bu-so,
"thuc ddy ddn chu" da bi tdn hqi ve tieng tdm do
nd cd mdi lien he mat thiet vdi cuqc chien a
I-rac Hien nay, chi cd sd it cdng chung My ung
hq viec coi "thuc ddy ddn chu " Id mdt muc tieu
chinh sdch cua My, du Id Ddng Cong hda hay
Ddng Ddn chd nam quyen thi nqi bq deu cd
nhirng mdi bdt ddng gay gdt xung quanh vdn de
nay '(1)
Cd the thay, neu trong thdi ky "Chien tranh
lanh", "thiic day dan chu" d nude ngoai cda My
la mpt am muu che day mue tieu chong lai eae
nude xa hpi ehii nghia, thi sau cupc chien nay,
boat dpng dd cang trd nen cong khai ban va
quyet liet hon
Am muu, thii doan va muc tieu ciia
My trong chien luwc "thiic day dan
chu"
Am muu vd thu doqn "thuc ddy ddn chu"
cua My
Thu nhdt, tan cong hoac can thiep quan sy
Th6ng thudng, muc tieu "thiic day dan chu" d
nude ngoai cua My dugc tien hanh bang "dien
bien hda binh" thong qua nhihig bien phap dan
su, tam ly, tu tudng, nhung nhieu khi khong dem
lai ket qua nhu tham vpng eua My Do vay,
trong nhihig trudng hgp can thiet - tuc la khi anh
hudng tryc tiep den quyen lye va Ipd ich qudc gia
ma thyc chat la lgi ich eua eae tap doan tu ban
My, Chinh phu My da trang trgn su dung bien
phap quan sy nham lat do chinh phu dugc bau
len mpt each hgp hien d nhihig nude ma My cho
la "phi dan chd" Diln hinh la cupc chien ma My
phat dpng tai Nam Tu vao nam 1999 dudi chieu
bai "can thiep nhan dao", chien tranh d
Ap-ga-ni-xtan nam 2001 vdi chien dich "Tu do ben
vung" nhim truy quet eac phan tii khiing bd va cupc chien tranh I-rac nam 2003 dudi cai ed ngan chan nude nay san xuat va phat trien vu khi giet ngudi hang loat
Thir hai, gay sire ep chinh tri Ludn ty eoi
minh la "luat su bao ve nhan quyen", hang nam Chinh phd My deu cong bd Sach Trang ve nhan quyen va vien du mpi ly do de bdi mdc, binh pham tinh hinh nhan quyen d mpt sd quoc gia Nhihig "tieu chuan" ma My sii dung de danh gia ehi dya vao moi quan he than so vdi My va sy
"yeu ghet" cda My ddi vdi cae quoc gia nay Va r6i, My da lay dd de gay siic ep ehinh tri doi vdi cac nude xa hpi chil nghia hoac mpt sd nude theo chu nghia dan tpc, ddi cae nude nay phat triln theo chieu hudng ma My mong muon
Thu ba, lgi dung eae to chiic phi ehinh phu
Khi xay dyng kich ban "each mang mau sac" a
eac nude Trung A, ehinh quyen My ehii yeu dya vao cae td ehiic phi ehinh phd de ung hp phe doi lap, xiii giue ngirdi dan bieu tinh, lat do ehinh quyin duong thdi Hien My cd khoang Uen 1,5 trieu td chuc phi ehinh phii, trong dd cd nhirng to chuc phi ehinh phii chuyen giat day eho cae cupc each mang "dan chd" tren the gidi Kinh phi boat dpng eua eac td chiie nay do Co quan Vien trg Phat triln qudc te (USAID) thupe Bp Ngoai giao My cap Doi vdi nhung nude "ddi djch", eac td chuc phi chinh phu se xuat dau 16 dien de tiin hanh "cai each" theo kilu My, tue la thiic dly "each mang mau sic" Cu the: My se ed eac doan sang nude ehuIn bj dien ra bau eu de khao sat, to chiic cae lap dao tao cho phe ddi lap, truyen ba kinh nghiem xay dyng mang ludi to chuc chong doi chinh phu Sau khi ket thiie bau
CU, phe ddi lap tu choi cong nhan ket qua bau eu
ed lgi eho chinh phil, xiii giuc dan chung xuong dudng bieu tinh Trong trudng hgp kit qua bau
eu dugc tuyen bo la khong ed hieu lyc, ehinh
(1) Thomas Carothers, U.S Democracy Promotion:
During and after Bush, Carnegie Endowment for Intematinonal Peace Washington D.C 2007, Excutivc
Summary, p.v
Trang 3The gidd: Van dd, s u kien T p p c h i c a n g s d n
phu nude sd tai phai tir chuc, phe ddi lap thanh
lap chinh phii mdi My se lap tire len tiing cong
nhan chinh quyen mdi nay
Thutu, tin cong van hda Day la hinh thue lgi
dung eac phuang tien thong tin truyin thong de
tuyen truyin vdi thi giod he thdng quan niem gia
tri va 16i sdng My, gay ra nhihig anh hudng
ngam trong gidi tre hoac mng ra cae bai bao
cong kich, dau doe nguoi dan d eac qudc gia ma
My cho la "phi dan chil", tir dd tao nen sy bit dn
trong du luan, gay roi trat ty xa hpi va ily dd
lam cd de can thiep vao npi bp eila cac qu6c gia
nay
Muc tieu "thuc day ddn chu" cua My
Mot Id, bao dam cho lgi ich kinh tl cua My
tren toan cau Lich sir phat triln cila nude My
gan lien vdi eae cupc chien tranh xam luge, thon
tinh nhirng nguon tai nguyen quan trpng eila the
gidi, dae biet la tai nguyen nang lugng Sd hiru
mpt nguon tai nguyen khong 16 kh6ng chi la
huyet mach quan trpng de kinh te My c6 the phat
trien, ma edn la nen tang vat chat duy tri sy t6n
tai ciia che dp dan ehii kieu My Sau Trung
D6ng, dja ehi ma My nham tdi la vung bien
Ca-xpi - dia ban cac nude Trung A, noi c6 trir
lugng dau md len tdi 200 ti thiing, chi dung sau
Trung D6ng, trir lugng khi thien nhien cung len
tdi 7.900 tl m-^, dung thu ba the gidi sau Nga va
Trung D6ng Th6ng qua viec thyc hien chien
luge "thiie day dan chil" My cd tham vpng
kh6ng che chat che ehinh phil eac nude d hai
khu vyc Trung Dong va Trung A, d6ng thdi se
gianh dugc quyen kiem soat kho dau trpng yeu
cila the gidi
Hai Id, ngan chan sy tr6i day cila cae nude
v6n la moi de dpa ldn doi vdi My Cac nha chien
luge phuong Tay eho ring, Dong Au va Trung A
la "trai tim" cua thi gidi, ai kiem soat dugc khu
vyc trpng ylu nay se kiem soat dugc ca the gidi
Sd dl My tich eye thyc thi chien luge "thuc dly
dan ehU" d khu vuc nay la muon khong che Nga
mpt each tdi da va tao dyng rao chan chien luge
vimg,chic nhit ddi vdi cac nude dang phat trien
nhu An Dp va Trung Quoc
Ba Id, diet trir tan g6e "cai gai" chu nghia
khung bo Sau sy kien khung b6 ngay 11-9-2001 nham vao nude My, trong s6 19 thil pham bit cdc may bay de dam vao toa thap d6i d Niu 06c, c6 15 ten den tu A-rap Xe-iit - mpt trong nhung nude d6ng minh tin cay nhit cua My d Trung D6ng Day la mpt kit qua khien Chinh phu My thyc sy bat ngo va giiip My "ngo" ra ring, giai phap duy nhat de bao dam an ninh qu6c gia la th6ng qua con dudng "thuc day dan chii" d nude ngoai, va chi c6 phuong thirc nay mod c6 the triet tieu tan g6c nhihig moi nguy hiem de dpa den sy
an toan eila nude My
Bdn la, ket hgp chien luge "thuc day dan
chil" vdi boat dpng bao ve chu nghia ba quyen cua My, nham dat dugc muu do "mpt mui ten triing nhieu dich" Hoc gia noi tieng ngudi My
Mai-con Man-den-bao cho rang: "Nhung thdt
hqi trong viec thuc ddy ddn chii ciia My khdng ddng nghia vdi su thdt bqi cua bdn thdn nen ddn chu Tren thuc te, nhung thdt bqi trong tien trinh thuc ddy ddn chu cua My di lien vdi su md rdng cua bdn thdn nen ddn chu"^^\ Do do, neu xet
tren mpt khia canh khac, ban than hanh dpng cua
My diing cac bien phap mang tinh chat ep bupe
de "thiie day dan chu" da di ngugc lai vin cac
quan niem gia trj ciia dan chu
Do chien luge "thiic day dan chii" chu yeu phuc vu cho lgi ich quoc gia cua My, nen trong tien trinh "Ung hp", "nang do" dan ehu, My thudng dua ra tieu chuan kep, trong do mpt loai tieu chuan danh cho cac nude than My, mpt loai tieu chuan danh cho cac nude d6i djch vdi My Doi vdi cac nude than My, hp se tich eye tham gia, tham chi con c6 nhirng hanh dpng vugt khoi khu6n kh6 cua Lien hgp quoc Trong van de nhan quyen My lu6n ne tranh de cap cae vu be boi nguge dai tii nhan, vi pham nhan quyen d cac nha til bi mat nhung lai thudng xuyen danh gia, chi trich vo cd tinh hinh nhan quyen d nhihig
(2) Michael Mandelbaum: "Democracy without America: The Spontaneous Spread of Freedom", in
Foreign Affaires, September/October 2007 pp 119 - 120
So 802 (thang 8 nam 20091 1 0 3
Trang 4The gidd: Van dd, s u kien Tpp chi C^ng s d n
qu6e gia v6n la "cai gai" trong mit My Doi vdi
boat dpng phat trien vii khi hat nhan eua eae
nude d6ng minh My dung tiing eho qua Nhung
khi mpt qu6e gia ddi djch vdi My nhu I-ran phat
trien vu khi hat nhan, My chi trich gay gat, tim
mpi each ngan can Trong van de bau cu My da
ehi trich Tong th6ng Venexuela H Chavet
-ngudi thang cu sau cupc bau eu hgp hien, e6ng
kich ehinh phu cda Tong th6ng H Cha-vet la
"moi de dpa d6i vdi nen dan ehu d Nam My"
Doi vdi cac quoc gia iing hp My, eho dii ttong
y y ^ fj
mat My, cac quoc gia nay kh6ng he dan ehu,
nhung My van de dang bd qua Tii dd ed the
thay, viec dua ra tieu chuan kep trong van de
dan ehu cang lam cho ngudi ta thay ro rang,
"thiic day dan chU" chi la cong cu de My thyc
hien ehinh sach d6i ngoai, tim kiem lgi ich eho
minh ma th6i
Cai gia phai tra cho chien linrc
"thiic day dan chu" a ninyc ngoai cua
My
Sau sy kien ngay 11-9-2001, My eoi eh6ng
khung b6 la muc tieu hang dau trong chien luge
toan eau, d6ng thdi coi "thuc day dan chil" la 16
trinh can ban de giai quyet van de chu nghia
khiing b6 Tuy nhien, e6 hpe gia bay td nghi ngd
vdi each lam nay Giao su Mai-con Phri-man,
Vien Hai quan M6n-te-ri (Ca-li-pho6e-ni-a) eho
rang: "Mac du thuc ddy ddn chu da trd thdnh
nqi dung quan trqng trong chien luqc truy quet
chu nghia khung bd cua Chinh phu My, nhimg
chien luqc ndy khdng the tqo ra duqc nhiing dnh
hudng tich cue nhu nhung gi md ngudi de xudng
nd ky vqng"^^\
Thyc te eho thay, chien luac "thue day dan
ehu" d nude ngoai eua My da gay ra nhieu anh
hudng tieu eye eho an ninh qu6e te, eu the nhu
sau:
Bdt lqi cho su hqp tdc qudc te tren phqm vi
todn cdu
Cd thi thay, chiin luge "thue dly dan chil"
eiia My van mang nep tu duy eua "Chien tranh
lanh", bdi nd da ehia eac qu6c gia tren the gidi thanh hai bp phan: nhom qu6c gia dan chil va nh6m qu6e gia "phi dan ehu", dieu nay kh6ng phii hop vdi trao luu hda binh, phat trien, hgp tac cda the gidi duong dai, di nguge vdi xu the toan eau hda Chien luge nay eila My da lien ket cac nude phat trien va mpt bp phan cac nude dang phat trien lai vdi nhau, tir dd gay ra siix; ep rat ldn eho cae nude dang phat trien va cae nude xa hpi ehu nghia bi My gan eho la "phi dan ehu"
Chuong trinh Dqi Trung Ddng vdp phdi nhieu cdn trd
Thang 2-2004, Tong thong G.W Bu-so de
ra chuang trinh nay nham thiie day 22 nude thanh vien eua Lien minh A-rap va eae nude I-xra-en, I-ran, Thd Nhi Ky, Ap-ga-ni-xtan, Pa-ki-xtan tien hanh cai each tren nhieu linh vyc nhu ehinh trj, kinh te va xa hpi Thyc chat cda chuong trinh nay la mu6n "cai tao" cae nude Trung Dong theo m6 hinh My, dua cae qu6e gia nay vao quy dao chien luge cda minh Tuy nhien, trong qua trinh thyc hien, mue tieu dan ehu hoa Trung D6ng eua My da vap phai rat nhieu kho khan
Mpt mat, cue dien I-rae tiep tuc bat on, tuong lai eila I-rac van het sue mil mit Cupc bau cii dau tien eila I-rac sau chien tranh dugc My "ca nggi bet ldi", nhung ket qua bau eu da khien My thyc sy that vpng, lye lugng H6i giao ddng Si-ai v6n CO moi quan he mat thiet vdi I-ran lai gianh dugc da s6 phieu trong quoc hpi Sy tr6i day cua lyc lugng H6i giao ddng Si-ai lam gia tang anh hudng eila I-ran d6i vdi I-rac va ca khu vyc Trung D6ng, dieu nay di ngugc vdi chien luge e6 lap I-ran eiia My, va nd cung dy bao cho viec
My tiep me bj liln sau vao "vung lay" d khu virc
"nhay cam" nay
Mat khac, viec Phong trao Ha-mat - mpt t6 chirc
bj My eoi la "to chuc khiing b6" va eye lyc bai
(3) Michael Freeman: "Democracy, Al Qaeda, and the
Causes ofTerroism: A Strategic Analysis of U.S.Policy", in
Studies in ConHict & Terrorism, Vol.31, No 1.2008, p53
Trang 5The gidd: Van de, su kien T a p c h i C p n g s d n
xich lai gianh dugc 2/3 s6 ghe trong qu6c hpi
Pa-le-xtin ngay 26-1-2006 la dieu nam ngoai su
dy doan eua My Viec Ha-mat thang cu khien
cho chien luge "thiic day dan chu" trd thanh "tro
he" kh6ng ban khong kem
"Cdch mqng mdu sdc"ddn ddn nhqt mdu
Sau khi "each mang mau sac" n6 ra d U-crai-na
va Gm-di-a, ngudi dan d hai quoe gia nay da
phai trai qua nhihig khoanh khac kho dien ta: tii
vui sudng cu6ng nhiet den hy vpng, tir hy vpng
den chd dgi, tir chd dgi den nhan nai, tir nhan nai
din that vpng tran tre "Cach mang mau sac"
kh6ng "xan lan" nhu hp ky vpng, ro rang, "dan
chil h6a" chi la mpt c6ng cu de dau tranh chinh
tri, n6 kh6ng the cai thien ddi s6ng nhan dan va
eiing kh6ng lam cho bp may chinh quyen d cac
qu6c gia nay trd nen minh bach, trong sach hon
Trong ehiln luge "thiie day dan chu" ciia My,
mpt so nude bj My liet vao danh sach cac nude
"phi dan chil" duong nhien se trd thanh d6i thii
hoac ke thu eua My Va de tranh "each mang
mau sic" nd ra tren dit nude minh, cac qu6c gia
nay lu6n dl phdng su can thiep cila My, Iu6n tim
kilm eac bien phap manh de bao ve an ninh
qu6c gia, tham chi phat trien vu khi hat nhan
nhim ddi ph6 vdi sy de dpa tir My Dieu nay, v6
hinh trung, din din nguy co mpt eupe chay dua
phat trien vu khi hat nhan d mpt s6 qu6c gia, gay
bit on cho an ninh khu vyc va thi gidi
Quan he giua cdc nude ldn bi rqn nut
Sy hgp tac giira cae nude ldn eo vai trd het
sure quan trpng trong viec duy Ui on djnh, hoa
binh tren thi gidi Tuy nhien, chiin luge "thuc
day dan ehu" cua My lai khong co lgi cho sy hgp
tac nay Vin dl dan chil lu6n la ylu t6 nhay cam
anh hudng din quan he ehiln luge giira My va
Trung Quoe Vdi sy ldn manh cua Trung Qu6c,
My ngay cang lo ngai vl m6i de dpa ldn tir
Trung Qudc Nhimg ldi phe phan, chi ttich cila
My ddi vdi cyu Tong thdng Nga V.Pu-tin vi da
gay ra cai gpi la "dan chu tut liii" va viec My
ling h6 manh me doi vdi cupc "each mang mau
sic" d cac nude thupe Cong ddng eac qu6c gia
doe lap da trd thanh nguyen nhan quan trpng
khien quan he My - Nga xau di Trong chien luge toan cau, mpt mat My mu6n hgp tac vod Nga va Trung Qu6c tren linh vyc eh6ng khung b6, ngan chan phat trien vu khi giet ngudi hang loat, an ninh khu vyc, kinh te ; mat khac My lai lu6n tim mpi each gay sue ep cho hai quoc gia nay trong van de "thuc day dan chu" Chinh sach mau thuan nay at se anh hudng den hieu qua hgp tac lau dai giira My vdi Nga va Trung Quoc
Ro rang, viec My diing cac thu doan quan sy, kinh te, van hoa de ap dat mpt "nen dan chu" kilu My thi de, song de duy tri cai "nen dan chu" d6 thi kh6ng don gian chiit nao Chien luge
"thiic dly dan chii" d nude ngoai eila My sau
"Chiin tranh lanh" da gay ra nhung tac d6ng tieu eye d6i vod nen hoa binh the gidi, de dpa den sy phat triln, 6n dinh va an ninh loan cau
Chien luvc nao cho chinh quyen
B 6-ba-ma?
Trudc khi nham chiic, tra ldi phong van to
Buu dien Oa-sinh-um 6ng B 6-ba-ma cho biet
se xem xet thuc day dan chu "thdng qua mdt
thdu kinh thuc su di mang lqi mdt cudc sdng tdt dep cho ngucri ddn tren the gidi " Sau khi
nham chirc, T6ng thing B 6-ba-ma va cac c6 vin kh6ng dl cap nhieu muc tieu "thuc day dan chu" Mac dil kh6ng hoan toan tir bo tham vpng cua ngudi tiin nhiem, nhung dudng nhu 6ng
B 6-ba-ma se c6 ke hoach quay trd lai mpt chinh sach mang tinh truyen thong hon So voi bai diln van nham chuc cua 6ng G.W Bu-so hon 4 nam vl trudc keu gpi coi "thuc day dan chu" la nhiem vu trpng tam trong chinh sach ngoai giao cua My, thi bai dien van nham chirc cua Tong thdng B 6-ba-ma ngay 20-1-2009 lai
CO gipng dieu khac: "Sue mqnh cdt ldi cua nude
M\ khdng phdi bdt ngudn tir nhihig mdi de dqa hdng vu lire hay kho tdng ciia cdi, vdt chdt dd so,
md bdt ngudn tu sue mqnh ben bi, do chinh Id ddn chu, tudo, cahdi vd niem hy vqng khdng chiu khudt phuc" Co the dy doan ong B 6-ba-ma
S6 802 (thang 8 nam 20091 105
Trang 6The gidd: Vdn dd, s u kien T p p c h i C ^ n g s d n
ed ehu truong "giiip do'" eac qudc gia khac xay
dyng va hoan thien the che dan chu bang mpt
ehinh sach "mem deo" ban
Sy mem deo trong dudng 16i doi ngoai eila
T6ng th6ng B 6-ba-ma dugc the hien ro ttong
viec My mong mu6n cai thien quan he vdi
Cu-ba, Ve-ne-xu-e-la, dac biet la nhirng thay ddi
ve lap tnrdng xung quanh van de I-xra-en va
Pa-le-xtin 6ng B 6-ba-ma da ehi trich I-xra-en
ve viec tiep tue xay dyng eac khu djnh eu d khu
vyc Bd Tay s6ng Giodc-dan, d6ng thdi yeu eau
nude nay phai thay d6i each tu duy ve dudng
bien gidi, an ninh lau dai 6ng eiing mong
muon giai phdng ngudi Pa-le-xtin thoat khdi sy
chiem ddng eua I-xra-en, cai thien ddi s6ng cda
ngudi dan nude nay Dae biet, mdi day My da
yeu eau I-xra-en ky Hiep udc khong ph6 bien vii
khi hat nhan - mpt cii s6c vdi qu6e gia nay, vi
nhieu thap nien qua, My van t6n trpng ehinh
sach "map md hat nhan" cua I-xra-en va tranh
khong bupe nude nay phe chuan Hiep udc kh6ng
pho bien vii khi hat nhan
Ngay 4-6-2009, phat bieu tai Dai hpe Cai-r6
(Ai Cap), 6ng B 6-ba-ma mong mu6n dugc cai
thien vdi the gidi H6i giao, hien e6 tdi 1,5 ti tin
do tren khap hanh tinh Trong bai phat bieu nay,
6ng B 6-ba-ma da bay td quan diem ctla minh
ve van de dan chd: "Khdng mot nude ndo cd
quyen dp ddt mot the che chinh tri cho mot qudc
gia khdc, tuy nhien nude My chu truong the che
chinh tri phdi the Men y mudn cua ngudi ddn dd
cdch the Men y mudn ndy cd the khdc nhau tiiy
theo phong tuc tap qudn cua tirng ddn tdc My
khdng the xdc dinh cdch chqn ndo thi tdt cho
qudc gia ndo, vd cung khdng the qud quyit
ngudi ndo hay ddng phdi ndo mdi xung ddng
duac chqn lua" C6 the ndi, quan diem nay cda
6ng B 6-ba-ma dugc coi la sy tuong phan sac
net so vdi bai phat bieu eua ngudi tien nhiem
G.W Bu-so ban 4 nam trudc N6 cho thay vi
tong thong nay td ra than trpng ban trong viec
giai quyet eae van de lien quan den dan chu, bdi
sau nhirng that bai eila chien luge "thiic day dan
chil" ma ngudi tien nhiem de lai, ong B 6-ba-ma
nhan thay rang, ap dat mpt che the ehinh tri cho mdt qudc gia khac la dieu rat khd thyc hien! Tai mpt phien hpp vdi Uy ban Cac van de doi ngoai cda Ha vien, ngay 22-4-2009, Ngoai trudng H Clin-tan da dung ba chir "D" de khai quat eae uu tien ttong dirdng loi ngoai giao eila
My ttong tuong lai: Phdng ngy (defense), Ngoai giao (diplomacy) va Phat trien (development), chir "D" thu tu Dan chd (democracy) khong dugc dua vao Qua d6 cd the thay, thai dp eila ong B 6-ba-ma doi vdi van de "thiic day dan ehu" d nude ngoai se ed mpt so thay d6i so vdi ngudi tien nhiem G.W Bu-so hay B.Chn-ton 6ng B 6-ba-ma se kh6ng eoi xay dyng va "thiie dly dan ehu" la mue tieu cam quyen hang diu cua minh Chinh sach ngoai giao cda T6ng thdng B 6-ba-ma c6 the se quay ve vdi dudng loi chd nghTa hien thyc, ne tranh cae ehu truong qua khich, chil trpng van dung cac each lam Unh loat de tien hanh "thiie day dan chil" d nude ngoai, tir dd ed the bao ve va md rong mpt each t6i da eho lgi ich eiia nude My
Khong phai ngau nhien ma lap trudng eua ong B 6-ba-ma lai e6 nhirng thay doi nhu vay,
do la he qua eua eupe khiing hoang kinh te ttong nude va nhihig that bai trong chien luge "thiic day dan chu" d nude ngoai ciia cae ddi t6ng th6ng trudc My la qu6e gia cham ngdi eho eupe khung hoang tai chinh, kinh te nam 2008, d6ng thdi la nude phai ganh chju nhiing thiet hai nang
ne trong eupe khung hoang nay Hai tru cot ldn cda nen kinh te My la tien te va cong nghiep xe hod phai d6i mat vdi sy sup do ldn chua tirng co trong ljcb sd Trong b6i canh nay My dang phai d6i mat vdi rat nhieu khd khan, "6e khong mang n6i minh 6e, dc nao mang dugc epe eho reu", edn vdi chien luge "thiic day dan ehu", eo the noi, doi vdi nude My hien nay la "lyc bat tdng tam" Ngoai ra, nhirng hau qua nang ne ma hai eupe chien ttanh Ap-ga-ni-xtan va I-rac do ngudi tien nhiem G.W Bu-so phat dpng dya tten danh nghia "thue day dan chu" de lai da khien ong B 6-ba-ma buoc phai eo sy dieu chinh
ve dudng loi ngoai giao eho phii hgp vdi tinh hinh mdi • - - .r