Trong qua trinh thyc hien quy hoach xay dyng ndng thdn mdi, do dieu kien ngan sach ban che, Thai Binh chu truong uu tien dau tu xay dyng ket cau ha tang ndng nghiep, nhu kien cd hda [r]
Trang 1Thuc tidn - Kinh nghiem Tpp chi C^ng s d n
THAI BINH GIAI QUYET DONG BO CAC VAN DE
NONG NGHIEP, NONG DAN, NONG THON
BUI TIEN D U N G
Thdi Binh ludn ddnh cho ndng nghiep, ndng ddn, ndng thdn su quan
tdm ddc biet, vdi ndng nghiip Id mat trdn hdng ddu, ndng thdn Id dia bdn
quan trqng eho sirdn dinh ehinh tri, phdt triin kinh ti - xd hdi Ciing vdi
viec ehi dqo phdt triin todn dien ndng nghiip, Thdi Binh tap trung thue
hien ede chuang trinh "diin, dudng, trudng, trqm", nude sqeh vd diin
thoqi, vdi phuong chdm "Nhd nude vd nhdn ddn cung lam", dd lam thay
ddi ea bdn bd mat ndng thdn, cdi thiin ddi sdng vdt chdt, tinh thdn eho
ndng ddn Nhitng ndm tdi, Thdi Binh tiip tue ndng cao chdt luqng phdt
triin ndng nghiip, xdy dung ndng thdn mdi theo hudng dd
T HAI Binh la tinh thude khu vyc ddng
bang sdng Hdng, cd dja hinh bang
phang, dat dai phi nhieu, mau ma, khi
hau thuan lgi cho phat trien ndng nghiep Thai
Binh cung la nod hdi tu cua cu dan tu nhieu nod
ve lap nghiep, tao nen mdt vung ndng thdn
rdng lan, trii phu vdi nen van minh lua nude
sdng Hdng The he ndi tiep the he, nong dan
Thai Binh da tich liiy dugc nhieu kinh nghiem
quy ttong phat trien ndng thdn, tham canh
ndng nghiep, lam nen vya lua cua ddng bang
sdng Hdng
Mudi nam qua, mac du phai tap trung cao
dp cho phat trien cdng nghiep, djch vu nham
day nhanh tdc dp tang trudng kinh te va
chuyin dich ca cau kinh te theo hudng giam ty
ttpng ndng nghiep, tang ty trpng cdng nghiep,
djch via, qua hai ky dai hdi Dang bd tinh Thai
Binh xac djnh day nhanh qua trinh cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda nong nghiep, ndng thdn va chuyen ndng nghiep sang san xuat hang hda la mdt trong nam trpng tam tao budc dot pha tang trudng kinh te cda tinh
Thuc hien Nghi quyet Dai hdi XVII cua Dang bd tinh nhiem ky 2006 - 2010, ttong linh vuc phat trien ndng nghiep, kinh te ndng thdn, Tinh uy Ban Thudng vu Tinh uy tap trung chi dao tiep tuc thyc hien cac nghj quyet ciia cap
uy khoa truac ve chuyen dich ca cau cay ttdng, vat nudi, ddn dien, ddi thua dat ndng nghiep, xay dyng canh ddng dat gia tri san xuat tii 50 trieu ddng/ha/nam ttd len, phat trien nghe, lang nghe, quy hoach, xay dyng cac khu
* Uy vien Trung uong Dang, Bi thir Tinh iiy, Chu tjch Hgi dong nhan dan tinh Thai Binh
6 8 So 802 (thang 8 nam 2009)
Trang 2Thuc rien - Kinh nghiem T p p c h i c a n g s d n
ctam, diem cdng nghiep; ddng thdi quyet djnh
cac chil truong mdi ve quy hoach vung san
xuat ndng nghiep hang hda tap trung bao gdm
viing lua hang hda chat lugng cao, cay mau,
cay vu ddng, phat trien chan nudi, nudi thuy
san nude ngpt, ca gidi hda ndng nghiep
Trien khai thyc hien cac chu tnrong tren,
cap uy da chi dao chinh quyen cu the hda
thanh cac de an, chuang trinh, ke hoach dai
ban va hang nam, ban hanh cac co che chinh
sach khuyen khich nhu hd trg ndng dan mua
may san xuat ndng nghiep, khac phuc thiet hai
do thien tai, dich benh gia sue, gia cam de dn
djnh, phat trien san xuat, hd trg gidng cay,
gidng con, mien giam thuy lqi phi phuc vu san
xuat vu ddng khi Nha nude chua cd chinh sach
miln thuy lgi phi, dau tu xay dung kit cau ha
ting khu chan nudi va viing thuy san tap trung
Ddng thdi thudng xuyen chi dao phd bien, ap
dung cac tiin bd khoa hpe, ky thuat, cdng
nghe cho ndng dan; dau tu xay dung, nang cap
cac cdng trinh thuy lgi, kien cd hda kenh
muang Vl phat triln kinh te nong thon, tinh
da tiip tuc thyc hien chd truong phat trien,
nang cao hieu qua san xuat cua nghe, lang
nghi, giai quylt d nhiem mdi trudng; quy
hoach, xay dyng cac cum cdng nghiep d cac
huyen, thanh phd, diem cdng nghiep lang nghe
d eac dja phuong trong tinh; khuyin khich cac
dy an diu tu vao cac cum cdng nghiep de gdp
phin phat triln, chuyin djch co cau kinh te va
giai quylt viec lam cho lao ddng ndng thdn
Tich eye diu tu xay dyng, nang cap dudng
giao thdng, tnrdng bpc, ttam y tl va cac cdng
ttinh phuc lgi cdng cdng
Ba nam qua (2006 - 2008), nhirng chd
ttuang dd dugc cac d p , cac nganh to chuc
thuc hien nghiem tiic, nhan dan ddng tinh
hudng ung, dat thanh tyu kha toan dien
- San xuit ndng, lam nghi?p, thuy san tuy
gap khdng it khd khan do diln biln phuc tap
ciia thdi tilt, djch benh gia sdc, gia cam, nhung
vin phat triln toan dien ca trong trpt, chan
nudi va thuy san theo hirdng nang cao gia tri, hieu qua, timg budc chuyen sang san xuat hang hda
Gia tri san xuat ndng, lam nghiep, thuy san tang trudng kha; binh quan ba nam tang 4,63%/nam Nhieu nam Hen, nang suat liia dat
120 ta/ha trd len, nam 2008 dat tten 131 ta/ha; giii vung san lugng thdc tten 1 trieu tan/nam, gia tri san xuat dat 51 trieu dong/ha Toan tinh
da chuyin ddi 8.104 ha (10% dien tich canh tac) tu cay liia kem hieu qua sang nudi, trong cay, con cd hieu qua kinh te cao; viec dau tu xay dung thi diem 16 viing nudi thily san vdi dien tich 889,5 ha, 7 khu chan nuoi tap Uung vdi dien tich 91 ha dat ket qua budc dau Mpt
sd dja phuong da quy hoach, xay dung dugc vLing liia chat lugng cao, viing rau, mau dat hieu qua cao hon nhieu so vdi trong lua
Gia tri san xuit chan nudi tang binh quan 9,1 %/nam; thuy san tang binh quan 11,8%/nam; ty trpng chan nuoi trong ndng nghiep nam 2008 ehilm 36%, tang 3,8% so vdi nam 2005 Tung budc chuyen tu chan nudi phan tan, tan dung, trong khu dan cu sang chan nuoi trong viing tap trung, ban cong nghiep va cong nghiep Toan tinh cd 2.348 trang trai va 13.326 gia trai chan nudi, 421 trang trai nudi thuy san; mpt sd hp lien ket vdi doanh nghiep diu tu chan nuoi vdi quy md l(in
- Co ciu kinh te nong thon chuyen djch theo hudng tang ty trpng cong nghiep, tiiu, thil cdng nghiep, djch vu da tao viec lam, tang thu nhap cho hang van lao dpng d khu vuc nong thdn Cac huyen, thanh phd da quy hoach, xay dung 15 cum cdng nghiep vdi dien tich 540 ha, thu hilt 134 dy an diu tu; 16 dilm cdng nghiep lang nghi vdi dien tich 162 ha.^ Nghe, lang nghi dugc md rdng va phat trien Den nam
2008, toan tinh cd 210 lang nghi dat tieu chi cua tinh, thu hut 163 nghin lao dpng nong nghiep tham gia san xuit; gia tri san xuat cua nghi, lang nghi ebilm 35% gia tri san xuat cdng nghiep Nhd phat triln manh me cong
Trang 3Thuc tien - Kinh n g h i e m T p p c h i C ^ n g s d n
nghiep, tieu, thu cdng nghiep, dich vu trong
nhung nam qua, co cau lao ddng ttong ndng
thdn chuyen djch tich eye, tang lao ddng tieu,
thu cdng nghiep, djch vu, giam lao ddng ndng,
lam nghiep, thuy san va giam ban sd ngudi
khdng cd viec lam ttong ndng thdn
- Ket cau ha tang ndng nghiep, ndng thdn
dugc tang cudng Vod sy dau tu cua Nha nude,
su ddng gdp cua nhan dan trong tinh Thai
Binh da xay dyng, nang cap he thdng thuy lgi,
ha tang ky thuat cac vung nudi thuy san, khu
chan nudi tap trung Den nay, 100% sd xa
trong tinh cd tram bom dien bao dam chu ddng
tudd, tieu cho phan ldn dien tich canh tac; hau
bet dudng giao thdng ndng thdn, mdt sd dudng
giao thdng ndi ddng dugc kien cd hda; 100%
sd xa, thdn ed mang ludd dien co ban dap ung
yeu cau san xuat va ddi sdng cua nhan dan;
16,4% sd trudng mam non, 88% sd trudng tieu
bpc, 19,7% sd trudng trung bpc co sd, 17,1%
sd trudng trung hpe pho thong, 73% sd ttam y
te dat chuan qudc gia; tat ca cac xa va mdt sd
thdn cd nha van hda; he thdng truyen thanh
den toan bd khu dan cu; 65,4% sd hp dan d
khu vuc ndng thon dugc su dung nude sach
Ddi sdng vat chat, tinh than cua dan cu ndng
thdn dugc cai thien
Tuy nhien, ben canh nhirng thanh tuu dat
dugc Thai Binh cdn cd mpt sd ban che, yeu
kem:
- Cdng tac quy hoach tdng the phat trien
ndng nghiep ciing nhu quy hoach vung san
xuat d CO sd tuy da cd chu truong chi dao,
nhung viec trien khai thuc hien dat ket qua
thap do ngan sach dau tu ban hep, nhieu co sd
lung tung ttong viec xay dung quy hoach va td
chuc san xuat hang hda ndng nghiep tap trung
- San xuat ndng nghiep phat trien chua
virng chac; quy md cdn nhd, phan tan, chua
tao dugc khdi lugng san pham hang hda ldn,
cd chat lugng de phuc vu che bien, tieu thu dn
djnh Hieu qua san xuat, sue canh tranh cua
san pham thap Viec hen ket "4 nha" la mpt
chu truong dung, nhung cham di vao cupc sdng Viec che bien, tim thi ttudng tieu thu ndng san, san pham lang nghe gap khd khan
- Kit ciu ha tang kinh te - xa hdi chua dap iing yeu cau sy nghiep cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda ndng nghiep, ndng thdn
- Nhilu nghe, lang nghe san xuat thieu dn djnb; mdt sd giam sut; d mdt sd nod, tinh ttang
d nhiem mdi trudng ttd thanh van de hire xiie Nhiing ban che, yeu kem neu tren ttong qua trinh kiim dilm giira nhiem ky thuc hien Nghj quylt Dai hdi X cua Dang, nghi quyet dai hpi dang bd cac cap da dugc cac cap uy tu tinh den
CO sd nhin nhan nghiem tuc, phan tich, tim nguyen nhan va de ra cac bien phap khac phuc
Hien nay va nhirng nam tdi Thai Binh het sue chu trpng quan triet sau sac, trien khai thuc hien ddng bd Nghi quyet Hdi nghj lan thu bay Ban Chap hanh Trung uong khda X ve ndng nghiep, ndng dan, nong thdn vod cac nhiem vu
va giai phap chu yeu sau:
Mot Id, chuyin mqnh ndng nghiep, thuy sdn sang sdn xudt hdng hda tap trung vdi quy md ldn, ndng cao gid tri, hiiu qud vd sire cqnh tranh
Tap trung chuyen ddi ca cau gidng, mua
vu, giii virng nang suat lua 130 ta/ha/nam, san lugng thdc tren 1 trieu tan; md rdng dien tich
vu ddng, vu he, phan dau dat dugc muc tieu den nam 2010 dien tich vu ddng chiem 45% dien tich canh tac loan tinh Quy hoach, xay dyng vung san xuat ndng nghiep hang hda tap trung nhu vung Ida chat lugng cao, vung cay mau, cay vu ddng; rut kinh nghiem xay dyng thi diem cac vung nudi thuy san, khu chan nudi tap trung de nhan ra dien rdng Phan dau den nam 2010, gia tri san xuat nganh chan nudi chiem tu 40% trd len tdng gia tri san xuat ndng nghiep Chuyen manh nudi thily, hai san ttong vung nude man, nude Ig sang nudi tham canh, ban tham canh Chu ddng phdng, trir
7 0 S6 802 (thang 8 nam 2009)
Trang 4Thuc tiin - Kinh nghiem T a p c h i c a n g s d n
dich benh, phdng, chdng lut bao, khIc phuc
hau qua thien tai
Tich eye xiic tiin thu hut eac doanh nghiep
dau tu vao san xuit nong nghiep Md rong
hinh thuc lien ket chan nuoi giira hd ndng dan
vdi doanh nghiep Thuc hien cd hieu qua co
che chinh sach ho trg ndng dan mua may dl
day manh ca gidd hda cac khau san xuit nong
nghiep Tang cudng xue tiin thuong mai,
quang ba, xay dyng thuang hieu hang hda
ndng, thuy san
Ban hanh ehinh sach ddn ddi, tich tu rupng
dat; quy che quan ly, dau tu xay dyng cac khu
chan nudi, viing nudi thuy san; ca che, chinh
sach hd trg dau tu xay dung ha tang ky thuat
viing san xuat hang hda tap trung, hd trg lai
suat sau dau tu ddi vod cac dy an dau tu vao
viing chuyen ddi tir cay liia kem hieu qua sang
nudi, trdng cac cay, con cd gia tri kinh te cao,
hd trg phat trien trang trai; ca che, chinh sach
hd trg ddi vdi cac dja phuong va ngudi lao
ddng khi Nha nude thu hdi nhieu dat lam khu,
cum cdng nghiep va phat trien dd thj
Hai la, phdt triin cdng nghiep, tieu, thu
cdng nghiip vd dich vu ndng thdn; cung cd
hop tdc xd dich vu ndng nghiep
Tap trung chi dao, huy ddng va bd tri vdn
dau tu xay dyng hoan chinh ket cau ha tang
mdt cum cdng nghiep tai mdi huyen va diem
cdng nghiep lang nghe da dugc quy hoach,
nhat la d nhirng nod buc thiet ve mat bang de
md rdng san xuat va giai quyet d nhiem mdi
ttudng lang nghi Ban hanh co che ehinh sach
khuyin khich doanh nghiep lien ket vdi ndng
dan diu tu cbl biln, tieu thu nong san; bd sung
ca cbl, chinh sach thu hut dau tu vao cum
cdng nghiep, dilm cong nghiep lang nghe Md
rdng va phat triln nghi, lang nghe; phan diu
hlu hit cac xa trong tinh deu cd nghi tiiu, Uiu
cdng nghiep
Chi dao va tao dilu kien d l phat huy vai ttd
cua cac hgp tac xa djch vu ndng nghiep trudc
hit trong viec xay dung ke hoach, de an san
xuat, quy hoach viing san xuit hang hda tap trung, djch vu dau vao cho san xuit va phin dau tieu thu hoac lien kit tieu thu san phim cho nong dan Khuyin khich hinh thanh cac hinh thuc hgp tac mdi trong eac khau san xuit nong nghiep
Ba la, day mqnh chuyen giao, ung dung tiin bd khoa hoc - ky thuat, cdng nghe, nhdt Id cdng nghi sinh hoc vdo sdn xudt
Tap huan, bdi duong kiln thiie cho ndng dan, chuyin giao va iing dung eae thanh tyu khoa hpe, cong nghe, ky thuat san xuit tien tien, nhat la cae thanh tyu ve giong cay, giong con, phdng trii djch benh, ddi mdi quy trinh san xuat thdng qua viec eiing co td chuc, nang cao hieu qua boat dpng cila he thong khuyen ndng, lam, ngu, khuyen cong va trung tam hpe tap cdng ddng xa, phudng, thj tran Bdi duang kien thuc quan ly, thj tnrdng cho can bp CO sd, chil trang trai
Bdn la, tdng cudng ddu tuxdy dirng kit cdu
hq tdng ndng nghiep, ndng thdn
Tren ca sd quy hoacb, su dung ed hieu qua cac ngudn von eiia Trung uong, cila cac cap trong tinh dau tu xay dung, nang cap he thong giao thdng ndng thon, giao thong ddnp rupng,
he thdng thily lgi, chg ndng thdn, nhat la chg dau moi tieu thu hang hda ndng san; xay dung tnrdng hpe, tram y te xa dat chuan quoc gia; tru sd lam viec cda cap ily, chinh quyen va cac cdng trinh phiic lgi cdng cdng Day manh viec ban giao ludi dien nong thdn cho nganh dien quan ly dl cd dieu kien nang cap he thdng ludi dien phuc vu phat ttien san xuat ndng nghiep
va kinh tl ndng thdn; phat trien he thdng buu cue, diem buu dien - van hda xa
Ndm la, tap trung xdy dung diim md hinh ndng thdn mdi vd xdy dung quy hoqch ndng thdn mdi d tdt cd cdc xd trong tinh
Triln khai thuc hien Nghj quyet Hpi nghi Trung uong 7 khda X vl ndng nghiep, ndng dan, ndng thdn Ban Chip hanh Dang bp tinh, Hdi ddng nhan dan tinh da de ra chil ttuang
Trang 5Thyrc tien - Kinh nghiem T p p c h i C ^ n g s d n
xay dyng diem md hinh ndng thdn mdi thyc
hien Ur nam 2009 din nam 2011 dl tung budc
hit kinh nghiem nhan rdng trong toan tinh
Thyc hien chu truong tten, diu nam 2009, cac
huyen, thanh phd da lira chpn 8 xa (1 xa/
huyen, thanh phd) cd sy nhat tri cao cua dang
bd, nhan dan trong xa dl triln khai xay dyng
diem md hinh ndng thdn mdi Ban Thudng vu
Tinh uy da thanh lap Ban Chi dao eua tinh do
ddng chi Bi thu Tinh uy lam Tnrdng Ban, Sd
Ndng nghiep va Phat trien ndng thdn la ca
quan thudng tryc Ban Chi dao; ddng tiidi chi
dao cac huyen, thanh phd, cap uy cac xa dugc
chpn lam diem thanh lap ban chi dao do ddng
chi bi thu cap uy lam trudng ban Can cu vao
dac diem, nhiing thanh tyu dat dugc ttong qua
trinh xay dyng ndng thdn mdi nhieu thap nien
qua, nhirng yeu cau phat trien ndng thdn giai
doan day manh cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda
Thai Binh da de ra bd tieu chi ndng thdn mdi
de lam ca sd cho viec quy hoach tdng the phat
trien kinh te - xa hpi va quy hoach xay dyng
ket cau ha tang ndng nghiep, nong thon De an
xay dyng diem mo hinh nong thdn men va bd
tieu chi dugc Hdi ddng nhan dan tinh thao
luan, phe duyet
Ban ehi dao xay dyng diem mo hinh nong
thdn mdi, cap uy, chinh quyen cae cap trong
tinh tu dau nam 2009 tap trung chi dao, trien
khai cac cdng viec lien quan Ban Thudng vu
Tinh iiy Ban Chi dao cua tinh, Uy ban nhan
dan tinh chi dao cac xa lam diem quan triet sau
rdng chu truong cua tinh den can bd, dang vien
va nhan dan, tao sy nhat tri cao; chi dao cac xa
xay dyng quy hoach tdng the phat trien kinh te
- xa hdi, quy hoach vung san xuat, quy hoach
xay dyng ket cau ha tang ndng nghiep, ndng
thdn, cd sy tham gia ddng gdp y kien cua ddng
dao can bd, dang vien, nhan dan ttong xa; sau
dd bao cao Ban Thudng vu Tinh uy, Ban Chi
dao ciia tinh va trinh cap tham quyen phe
duyet; ddng thdi tren co sd quy hoach, xa se
xay dyng cac dy an cu the tren timg ITnh vyc
Trong qua trinh thyc hien quy hoach xay dyng ndng thdn mdi, do dieu kien ngan sach ban che, Thai Binh chu truong uu tien dau tu xay dyng ket cau ha tang ndng nghiep, nhu kien cd hda he thdng thuy Ipd ndi ddng, dudng giao thdng ddng rudng de thyc hien ca gidi hda, xay dyng, nang cap cac ttam bom va xay dyng ket cau ha tang vung san xuat hang hda; thyc hien ca che hd trg ndng dan mua may san xuat ndng nghiep; ddng thdd tap trung cac ngudn vdn thude chuong trinh cila Chinh phu cho cac xa lam diem nhu chuang trinh kien co hda trudng hpe, xay dyng ttam y te, tru sd lam viec cua cap uy, chinh quyen, cac cdng trinh phuc lgi cdng cdng, chuong trinh nude sach ndng thdn, chuang trinh bao dam mdi trudng lang nghe
Tren co sd rut kinh nghiem cua cac xa dugc chpn lam diem, trong nhiing nam tdi, Thai Binh se chi dao tat ca cac xa ttong tinh tien hanh quy hoach va tung budc trien khai xay dyng ndng thdn theo cac tieu chi mdi
Day manh cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda ndng nghiep, ndng thdn, giai quylt ddng bp cac van de ndng nghiep, ndng dan va ndng thon la nhiem vu quan trpng, cd y nghia chiin luge Tuy nhien, ttong qua trinh thyc hien, Thai Binh gap khdng it khd khan, trd ngai do ngan sach rat ban hep, khdng cd kha nang dap ling kip thdi, day du nhu cau phat trien ndng nghiep, kinh te ndng thdn va xay dyng ndng
thdn mai Vi vay, cung vdi sy nd Iuc cua cap
uy, cbinb quyen, nhan dan trong tinh, Thai Binh rat can sy quan tam cua Trung uong ttong viec dau tu ngan sach xay dyng kit ciu
ha tang ndng nghiep, ndng thdn; ban hanh ca che, chinh sach, phap luat ddng bd lien quan den ndng nghiep, ndng dan, ndng thdn theo tinh than Nghi quylt Trung uong 7 khda X, dl ndng nghiep, kinh te ndng thdn ca nude ciing nhu Thai Binh virng budc di len cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda •
7 2 Sfi 802 (thang 8 nam 2009)