Cho den nim 1948, "sy chi dao cic Ding bg d xa nhu Nam Bg, Nam Trung Bg rit la ldng leo (d mgt noi, Tmng uong chi giao cho mgt uy vien phy frich) pham vi giao thdng lien lac chi[r]
Trang 1NHAN VAT • SLf KIEN
Sl/RA D d i CUA TRUNG U'dNC CUC MIEN NAM
DOAN THI HUOfNG*
Vdo ndm 1951, khi cuoc khdng chien chong thuc ddn Phdp xdm luge ciia ddn toe
ta chuyen sang mgt giai doan mdi, Trung uang Cue mien Nam dugc thdnh lap de lanh dgo phong ddo khdng chien dNam Eg Lieh sir td chirc vd hogt dgng Trung uang Cue mien Nam la mgt net ddc ddo trong cong tdc xdy dung td chirc ciia Ddng ta tren co so tudn thii nguyen tdc td chirc Ddng ciia chii nghia Mdc-Linin, phii hap vdi dgc diem Viet Nam
Sau Cich mang thing Tim 1945, cimg vdi
viec nim chinh quyen tren toan quoc,
Ding Cgng sin Ddng Duong timg budc tien
hinh dieu chinh he thdng bg may td chirc phu
hgp vdi nhiing bien ddi ve don vi hanh chinh,
dip img yeu ciu mdi ciia edng cudc khing chien
kien quoc Trung uong Ding chu tmong ket thuc
boat dgng eua eae Xir uy', thiet lip su lanh dao
true tiep ciia Ban Chip hanh Trung uong tdi cic
tinh bg^ Do die diem cy the eua tinh hinh khang
chien d Nam Bg, su chi dao true tiep eiia Trung
uong Ding ddi vdi cic Ding bg frong Nam gap
nhieu khd khan nhit do khoing each dia ly va sy
chia cit ciia chien tmdng, nen Trung uong van
chii tmong duy tri va chan chinh, cimg cd Xir
uy Nam Bg Tliang 12-1947, Xii uy Nam Bg
chinh thire dugc cimg cd, do ddng ehi Le Duin
lim Bi thu Cic ban chuyen mdn giiip viec cho
Xir uy ciing din din hinh thinh
* Hge vien CT-HC Quoc gia Ho Chi Minh
Cudc khang chien d Nam Bd ngay cang gay go, phiic tap, trong khi dd, dii da thiet lap phuong thirc lanh dao thdng qua lien lac dien dii thudng xuyen, Trung uong vin gap kho khin trong viec nim bit tinh hinh va chi dao phong frio khang chien d Nam Bg Cho den nim 1948, "sy chi dao cic Ding bg d xa nhu Nam Bg, Nam Trung Bg rit la ldng leo (d mgt noi, Tmng uong chi giao cho mgt uy vien phy frich) pham vi giao thdng lien lac chim fre, phin vi cic Dang bg trong do khdng eho viee bio cio kinh thudng vdi Tmng uong li mgt bdn phin"^ Trong tinh hinh dd, Xir iiy Nam Bg da tich eye, ehu dgng lanh dao phong trao khing chien fren dia bin duge phin edng phy trich Ddng chi
Bi thu Xir uy Le Duin khing dinh: "Co nhieu viee, nhieu vin de xiy ra cip bach, phai can eii vao dudng ldi chung ciia Trung uong de giai quyet kip thdi, khdng the ehd chi thi ciia Trung uang"''
Trang 2NHAN VAT - SU'KIEN
Tuy nhien, la nhung ngudi trye tiep chiu
frich nhiem tmdc Ding ve chi dao phong frao
khang chien d Nam Bg cd y thirc cao vl
nguyen tic td chuc eua Dang, nhiing can bd chu
chdt frong Xir uy Nam Bg da nhin tiiay ddi vdi
nhieu vin de ldn ve doin ket tdn giao, ve lien
minh ding phii, ve cdng tie Cao Mien ddi
hoi phii ed chu tmong, giii phip dimg din kip
thdi neu khdng se inh hudng bit Igi ddi vdi
cudc khang chien fren toin qude De thue hien
dugc dieu dd Xir uy Nam Bg nhin thiy sy cip
thiet phii ning cao vai frd, quyen ban eua co
quan linh dao eua Dang tai Nam Bg Nghi
quyet Hgi nghi Xir uy Nam Bg hgp rir ngay 16
din 20 - 12-1947 di xic dinh: " D I chi huy sit
vdi tinh the X.U phii dugc coi la phin eye ciia
Tmng uong nghia li phii phy frich chi huy Cao
Mien va Nam phan Trung bg""\
Thing 8 - 1948, nhin thiy yeu ciu ting
cudng lanh dao phong trio khing chien d Nam
Bg Thudng vu Tmng uong Ding vi Chu tich
Hd Chi Minh eu mgt phii doin cin bg cip cao
eua Ding, Chinh phu, do ddng ehi Le Dire
Thg, Uy vien Thudng vy Trung uong Ding,
phu trich cdng tic td chuc va din van eua
Tmng uong, din diu vao Nam Bd tmyen dat
mgt sd chu tmong eua Trung uong ddi vdi
Nam Bd, ting cudng lye lugng linh dao eho
Xir iiy Khoing tiling 5 -1949, Doan tdi ca
quan Xir uy Nam Bg ddng tai Ddng Thip
Mudi Vao Nam Bd mgt thdi gian, mdi tiiinh
vien trong phai doin cin bd cip eao eua Trung
ucmg Dang, Chinh phu nhin mdt cdng tic khie
nhau theo su phin cdng eua Trung uong vi Xir
uy'' Trong qua tiinh cung ed, chin chinh lai td
ehirc, vao thing 10 - 1949, Xu uy Nam Bd va
cin bd Trung uong cdng tic tai Nam Bd da neu y kien bd cip Xir uy thinh lip "Phin eye Nam Bg" tare thugc Trung uong Ding Viee thinh lip Phin eye Tmng uong d Nam Bg nhu
de xuit eua Xii uy Nam Bg va can bd Trung uong cdng tic tai Nam Bg la mgt van de he frgng, lien quan den nguyen tic td chirc, nhit la lien quan trye tiep den co ciu bg may vi boat dgng ciia Ban Chip hanh Trung uong va phii
do CO quan linh dao cao nhit eua Ding li Dai hgi Dai bieu toan Ding quyet dinh Trong khi
dd, do nhieu nguyen nhin, dy dinh tien hanh Dai hgi Dai bieu toin Ding vio nam 1949 khdng thye hien dugc
Cudc khing chien eua nhan din ta ngay cang phit frien, ddi bdi phii ting cudng su lanh dao eua Ban Chip binh Trung uong ddi vdi cic cip bd Ding, nhit li ddi vdi nhiing dja phuong xa Xuit phit tir nhung yeu ciu eiia thye tien linh dao khing chien, Dai hgi Dai bieu toan qude lin thir II, thing 2-1951, thdng qua Dieu le Ding Lao dgng Viet Nam, frong
dd, Chuong tiiii VIII, Dieu 53 qui dinh ve co quan Trung uong eua Ding, cd ghi: "Tuy theo
su cin thiet, Ban Chip hanh Trung uong cd the
td chuc cic Cyc Tmng uong de chi dao cic dia phuong xa Thinh phin, nhiem vy, quyen ban
va cich lam viec eua cic Cyc Trung uong se
do Ban Chip hinh Tmng uong in dinh vi thdng tri cho cic dia phuong cd quan he biet"^
Cy the hda chii tmong ciia Dai hgi II, Hgi nghi Ban Chip binh Trung uong lin tiiir nhit, hgp tir ngay 13 din ngiy 16-3-1951, quyet
dinh thanh lip Trung uang Cue mien Nam
thay cho Xir uy Nam Bg Nghi quyet Hgi nghi qui djnh ve "bg miy va le ldi lam viec ciia
Trang 3NHAN VAT • SL/KIEN
Tmng uong" neu rd ca eau nhin su va pham
vi boat dgng eua Tmng uong Cyc mien Nam:
"1- Tmng uong Cyc mien Nam gdm cac uy
vien Tmng uong a Nam Bg 2-Trimg uong
Cyc mien Nam cin eir cac nghi quyet eua
Tmng uong va Bg Chinh tri ma cy the ehi dao
cdng tic cho Nam Bg va bg phin Dang Lao
dgng Viet Nam d Cao Mien"''
Hgi nghi quyet dinh dieu chuyen ddng chi
Le Duin, Uy vien Bg Chinh tri, Bi thu Trung
uong ve Tmng uong; phin cdng cic ddng ehi
uy vien Trung uong Dang tham gia Trung
uong Cyc mien Nam gdm 5 ddng ehi: Le Dire
Thg Pham Hung, Ung Van Khiem, Nguyen
Vin Kinh, Hi Huy Giip Cic ddng chi: Le
Dire Thg, Pham Himg, Ung Van Khiem li uy
vien chinh thirc vi cic ddng ehi: Hi Huy Giap,
Nguyen Vin Kinh li uy vien dy khuyet Ban
Chip hanh Tmng uong Khoi II
Thue hien quyet dinh eua Hgi nghi Ban
Chip hanh Tmng uong lin thir nhit, ngiy
27-3-1951, tai Nam Bg, ddng chi Le Dire Thg giri
dien xin y kien Trung uong ve pham vi boat
dgng, sip xep bg miy td chirc vi phan cdng
nhan sy ey the eua Trung uong Cue mien Nam;
dy kien ddng chi Le Dire Thg lam Bi tiiu Phan
cyc kiem Chinh uy Nam Bg, phy frich Ding
vu Ddng chi Pham Himg lim Phd Bi thu phu
frich chinh quyen Ddng chi Nguyen Vin Kinh
(Thugng Vii) li Uy vien Thudng vu Trung
uong Cyc, phy frich Vin phdng; Ddng chi Ung
Vin Khiem, phy frich Mat fran; ddng ehi Ha
Huy Giap phy frich Tuyen huin
Sau mgt tiidi gian gip nit chuin bi, ngay
7-6-1951, Trung uong Cyc mien Nam ra Thong cio
sd 1 tuyen bd bai bd Xir uy Nam Bg va thanh
lip Trung uong Cyc mien Nam Do ddng chi Le Duin chua ra Bic nen thanh phin nhin sy eiia Trung uang Cyc gdm 6 ddng chi dugc phan cdng nhu sau: ddng ehi Le Duin, Bi thu Trung uong Cue; ddng chi Le Dire Thg Phd Bi thu eae ddng ehi uy vien: Pham Himg, Nguyen Van Kinh, Ung Vin Khiem, Ha Huy Giap; ddng ehi Nguyen Vin Kinh dugc phan cdng thay mat Trung uong Cyc mien Nam ky ten cac giay td
eua Ding vi liy bi danh li Trung Nam
Trung uong Cue mien Nam ed nhiem vu chinh li thuc hien mgi dudng ldi, chii tmong ciia Trung uong Ding nhim lanh dao, chi dao cic Ding bg Nam Bg vi Ban Cin su Cao Mien phit trien siu rdng thuc lyc cich mang, diy manh cudc khing chien chdng thuc dan Phip den thing Igi cudi cimg
Bg may giup viee eua Trung uong Cue dugc hinh thanh fren co sd cic ban chuyen mdn giup viee ciia Xir uy Nam Bg tmdc do Mgt sd ban chuyen mdn giup viec dugc kien toan: Vin phdng Ban Giao thdng lien lac Ban Tii chinh Ban Kiem tra Ban Ding vy (sau doi thinh Ban Td chiic) Ban Tuyen huan Ban Mat trin, Ban Hoa van Ban Cin su Mien (chi huy phong frao Cao Mien ve tit ea eae mat nhu quin sy chinh tri, din van Ding)
Sau khi thanh lip, Trung uong Cue mien Nam rien hanh td chiic lai bg miy td chiic ciia cic ding bg Nam Bg phii hgp dieu kien chien tmdng, phue vu chit ehe ban cdng tic quin su
Td chirc Ding d Nam Bg dieu chinh td chirc tir
4 Khu'° thanh 2 Phin Lien Khu uy: Phan Lien Khu uy mien Ddng bao gdm cic tinh Ba- Chg Thii - Bien, Long-Chiu- Sa, My Tho, Gia Dinh-Ninh; Phan Lien Khu uy mien Tiy bao gom cac
Trang 4NHAN VAT - SU' KIEN
tinh Bae Lieu, Ben Tre Cin Tha Long-
Chiu-Hi, Sde Tring Rach Gii, Vinh- Tra
Thing 5-1952 ddng ehi Le Duin ra Tmng
uong Tmng uong Cyc mien Nam cd sy dieu
chinh ve phin cdng nhin su Ngiy 27-7-1952,
Hgi nghi eua Trung uong Cyc mien Nam
thdng'i^ua Nghi quyet ve vin de sira ddi le ldi
lam viec eua Trung uong Cyc phin edng trich
nhiem cic ddng ehi Tmng uong Cue mien
Nam nhu sau: ddng chi Le Dire Tbg lim Bi
thu Tmng uong Cue thay ddng chi Le Duin
trye tiep phy trich cdng tie ding vy, Chinh uy
kiem Tu lenh Nam Bg; ddng ehi Pham Hung,
Phd Bi thu phy trich mien Ddng; ddng chi
Ung Vin Khiem phu frich chinh quyen va
kinh te tii chinh; ddng ehi Hi Huy Giip phu
frich Tuyen huin; ddng ehi Nguyen Vin Kinh
phu trach Vin phdng Tmng uong Cyc''
Cic ddng chi Uy vien Tmng uong Cue
dugc phin cdng true tiep den cic tinh du cic
dai hdi hdi nghi quan frgng eua cic tinh de
ting cudng sy linh dao siu sat eua Tamg
uong Cue mien Nam ddi vdi cic dia phuong
Tmng uong Cue - Uy ban Nam Bg va cic
nganh chuyen mdn cip Nam Bg phii thudng
xuyen xuong dy cic cudc hgi nghi eiia tinh va
lien lac chit cbe vdi cic Tinh uy
Hing thing Tmng uong Cue tien hanh hgp
Hdi nghj thudng le Ngoii thanh vien chinh
eua Tmng uong Cyc, Hdi nghi cdn cd su
tham du eua 3 dong chi duge mdi la Nguyin
Van Nguyen (dai dien Tuyen huan), Pham
Vin Bach (dai dien chinh quyen) vi ddng chi
Vinh (dai dien quin sy)
Trong Hgi nghi tiiudng le ciia Trung uong
Cue miln Nam cic ddng chi Trung iiy bio
cio cdng tic eua nganh minh phy frich: neu cic vin de cin giii quyet; thio luan nhung chi thi, nghi quyet eiia Tmng uong vi dit ke hoach thi hanh
Bg phin Ding Lao dgng Viet Nam d Cao Mien dugc thinh lip, cip lanh dao cao nhit la Ban Cin sy toin Mien do Trung uong Cyc mien Nam tare tiep chi dao, gdm 16 thanh vien ngudi Viet vi Mien'^ Dudi Ban Cin sy toan Mien la cic Ban Cin su mien eua Cao Mien,
CO cau gdm: Phin Ban can sy mien Ddng; Ban Cin sy Tiy Bae; Ban Cin su Tiy Nam'" Nhu vay, tir ngay 7- 6-1951, Trung uong Cyc mien Nam chinh thirc thinh lap, gdm 6 ddng chi Uy vien Tmng uong, do ddng ehi Le Duin lam Bi thu; tir nim 1952, cd 5 uy vien,
do ddng chi Le Dire Thg lim Bi thu
Thanh vien eua Trung uong Cyc mien Nam
li nhtrng ddng chi mdi dugc biu vao Ban Chap hinh Tmng uong Ding Lao dgng Viet Nam dang cdng tic tai Xir uy Nam Bg timg frii qua nhting cudc diu franh kien cudng bit khuit trong nhi tu Cdn Dao frd ve da khing dinh chit lugng va sire manh eua td chirc mdi nay
Li mgt phin cyc ciia Trung uong Ding tai Nam Bg Trung uong Cyc mien Nam dugc thanh lip tiieo ehu tmong Dieu le Dai hgi II ciia Ding, nhim dip img kip thdi ve lanh dao cich mang fren tiiyc te chien tmdng Nam Bg vi chiln tmdng Cao Mien frong mdi quan he lien minh chiln diu die biet eiia 3 din tgc Ddng Duong Vdi nhiem vy va pham vi lanb dao nhu
da trinh biy d tren, cic ban ehuyen rhdn giiip viee eua Trung uong Cyc mien Nam dugc td chiic tuang tu nhu co quan giup viec eua Tmng uong
vi dim bio tinh die thu ciia dia ban Nam Bg'"*
Trang 5NHAN VAT-SU'KIEN
Td cbirc bd may ggn nhe, nhin sy tuong ddi
dn dinh Trung uong Cyc mien Nam tdn tai v i
boat dgng cd hieu qui cho den khi ket thuc cudc
kliang chien chdng thye dan phip Sy boat dgng
ed hieu qui ciia md hinh td chirc Trung uong
Cue mien Nam thdi ky khing chien ehdng thye
din Phap xim luge l i mgt frong nhiing ea sd de
Trung uong Ding thinh lip Trung uong Cyc
mien Nam frong thdi ky khing chien chdng de
qude My xam luge sau nay
Su thanh lip Trting uong Cyc mien Nam
dugc xuit phat tir yeu ciu thye tien lanh dao a
chien tmdng Nam Bg, su thdng nhit ve tu duy td
chirc lanh dao ciia Trung uong Ding nhim lanh
dao thanh cdng cudc khing chien eua nhin din
ta d mien Nam, the hien tinh linh hoaL sing tao
ciia Trung uong Dang, eua cic cip uy Ding d
Nam Bg, fren co sd tuin thu nguyen tie td ehirc
Ding ciia ehu nghia Mie - Lenin, tu tudng Hd
Chi Minh, phii hgp vdi die diem Viet Nam
1 Trong qua trinh dau tranh gianh chinh quyen
(1930-1945), can cir vao dac diem ciia sy phan chia hanh
chinh va yeu can lanh dao Dang Cong san Dong Duong
thanh lap cac Xir iiy de lanh dao cac xii bo d Dong
Duong Tren dia ban Viet Nam, Dang to ciuic 3 xu uy la
Bae Ky Tmng Ky va Nam Ky
2 Thang 10 -1946, Trung uxjng quyet djnh giai the Xir
uy Tmng I3o va den tliang 6-1947 giai the Xu' uy BSc Eio
3 Dang Cong san Viet Nam: Vdn kien Ddng Todn
lap, CTQG, H, 2001, T.IO, tr.l43
4 Xem Le Toan Tiiu: Di theo phdi dodn ddu tien
eua Trung uxyng Ddng vd Chinh phu vdo Nam Bo khdng
chien, trong: Kyyeu Ban To chitc Trung itxmg Cue mien
Nam thdi khdng chien chong Phdp, Cau lac bo truyen
thing kliang chien kiioi TWC -UBNB, 2008, tr 158
5 Dang Cong san Viet Nam: Vdn kien Ddng Todn
tcqx CTQG, H, 2000, T.8, tr.356
6 Co tai lieu viet dong chi Le Due Tho dam nhiem chuc vu Pho Bi thu Xir iiy Nam Bo nhung cung co tai lieu viet dong chi Le Dure Tho kliong tham gia Xir uy ma hoat dong voi tu each la Dac phai vien eua Thuong vu Trung uong, tham gia moi sinh hoat eua Xii uy
7 Xem Sa do he thong td chirc cdc Ban Chap iiy
Ddng (5-10-1949) Phong Tmng uong Cue mien Nam
P42 Tai lieu Cue luu trir Tmng uong Dang
8,9 Dang Cong san Viet Nam: Vdn kien Ddng Todn
rt?7, CTQG, H, 2001, T 12, tr 467,519
10 Do la Khu VIL Khu Vlll, Khu IX va Dac khu Sai Gon- Chg Lon Do vj tri quan trong etia Sai Gon- Chg Ldn, Hoi nghj Thanh uy ma rong (thang 8-1950) da thanh lap Dac khu Sai Gdn- Chg Lon va biu Dac Khu uy gom
13 dong chi, do dong ehi Nguyen Van Linh lam Bi thir Dac Khu uy thanh lap Ban Can sir noi thanh do dong chi Nguyen Kiem la Bi thu Sau khi Tmng uong Cue mien Nam thanh lap, Dac Khu Sai Gon- Chg Ldn van dugc giu' nguyen, voi ten ggi chinh tliiic la Dac khu Sai Gon
11 Xem: Dang Cgng san Viet Nam: Vdn kien Dimg
Todn tap, CTQG, H, 2001, T.13 tr 414
12 Bao gom cac dong chi: Nguyen Thanh Son (tiic Ha), Kim Bien (tire Son Nggc Minh), Nguyen Diic Thuan, Nguyen Song Timg, Pham Van X6, Tousmouth, Chansmay, Sin Heng, Vu Huii Binh, Nguyen The Cung, L^ Quang Tmng, l ^ Van Dung, Mai Lam, Pham Thanh Dan, Nguyen Xuan Hoang, Huynii Chi Manh
13 Danh sach cac dong chi Ban Can su Toan Mien
va Ban Can sir Mien Tai lieu Kho tu lieu Vien Lieh sir Dang, Ky hieu 10/121/8.19
14 Cac ca quan giiip viec ctia Tmng uong gom co: Ban Tuyen huan Ban To chirc Ban Mat tran Ban Kinh te
- Tai chinh, cac tieu ban Mien- Lao, Cong van, Nong van Thanh van, Phu van va Van phong Trung irong Cue mien Nam to chuc cac ban chuyen mon: Van phong, Phong Tong hgp Ban Giao thong lien lac; Ban Kinh te -Tai chinh,' Ban Kiem tra; Ban To chuc; Ban Tuyen huan; Ban Mat tran; Ban Hoa van Ban Can sir Cao Mien