Tan Viet md Meu sach Trung Tan d dudng Macpudt (Da Nang), phat banh sach bao tien bg, ttong do cd ca sich ve CNCS mua tir Trung Qude va Phap. Nh'm chung, anh hudng cua Tan Viet Caeh [r]
Trang 1NHAN VAT-sir KIEN
Sir muH THANH OAC TO OHU^D TIEN THAN QUA ^mG 0 Qumo mm VA BA mne
BUI XUAN
Ngay tir khi tiiyc dan Phap nd siing vao cira
bien Da Nang md diu cudc cMen tianh xam
lupc Viet Nam, nhan dan QuIng Nam - Da Nang da
bat khuat, kien cudng bao ve tiianh Da Nang, lam
tfiat bai muu do "danh nhanh tiiang nhanh" cua tiiyc
dan Phap KM tiieu dinh nha Nguyen da diu hang
hoan toan, phong ttao chdng Phap van lien tiep nd ra
dudi nMeu binh tiiiic, tinh chat khac nhau: phong ttao
NgMa hpi Quang Nam (1885-1887), d c phong ttao
Ddng Du, Duy Tan (1904-1908), phong ttao chdng
tfiue nam 1908 va cupe khdi ngMa Viet Nam Quang
Phuc hpi nam 1916 Cac phong tiio yeu nude nay
cudi cung cQng deu bj tiiyc dan Phap dun ttong bien
mau Tuy nMen, dii bj dan ap khiing bd, nhan din
Quang Nam van tiep tiic dlu tianh chdng Phip
Tieng bom Pham Hdng Thai tai QuIng Chau, Trung
Quoc, phong tiao ddi tiiyc dan tfia Phan Bdi Chau,
phong tiao de tang Phan Chau Trinh da tiidi nhimg
luong sinh kM mdi lam bimg len ngpn lira yeu nude
lau nay dang am i chay ttong long nhan dan dat
Quang Va ciing chinh ttong phong ttio yeu nude
nhimg nam 1925-1926, mpt sd tiianh Men yeu nude
Quang Nam da dpc d c td bao each mang nbu:
Ngudi ciing kho, Viet Nam hdn Dac biet sd hpc
sinh Quang Nam ra Hue hpc, ttp tai Nha Hpi Quang
Nam da cd dugc nMeu djp gap gd nha yeu nude
* Ban Tuyen giao Thanh iiy Da Nang
Phan Bdi Chau, dugc ngudi con re cua cu Phan la Vuong Tbuc Oanh, phai vien ciia Hpi Viet Nam Cach mang Thanh men (VNCMTN) gap go va tiiyen ttuyen deb mang
Ngay 6-4-1927, d Hue nd ra mdt cupe bai khda ldn Nha Hdi Quang Nam ttd tiianh tiimg tim lanh dao bai khda Tbuc dan Phap dan ap du dpi, dong cua mpt sd ttudng bpc Chinh tiang tfidi diem do Do Quang (ngucri huyen Que Son), phii vien ciia Hpi VNCMTN kjp gap gd mpt sd hpc sinh tfiam gja bai khda, van dpng tfianh lap Ban van dpng Hpi VNCPvlTN Quang Nam gdm cd Dd Quang, Dd Quy, Le Quang Sung, Phan Long, Tbii TM Bdi Thang 6-1927, Ban van dpng Hpi VNCMTN QuIng Nam chuyen ve boat dpng tai Da Nang, liy Tradng tii thuc Cy Timg lam noi day hpc de sinh sdng va lam ca quan lien lac each mang Ban van dpng Hpi VNCMTN QuIng Nam ra ddi dung luc tiidi tie tiang tinh dang khao kbit tim hieu dch mang de
chpn hucing di Ban van ddng da in cudn Duong Kdch
minh cua Nguyen Ai Qude de lam tai lieu hiyen tiuyen
Den tiiang 9-1927, CM bp Hpi VNCMTN d Da Ning dugc tiianh lap do Dd Quang lam Bi tiiu, cd
Dd Quy, Ei Quang Sung, Le Van Hien, Thai TM Bdi, Phan Long Ciing frong tiidi gian nay, d Da Nang cdn cd mot td chirc Hpi VNCMTN do
Nguyen Tudng phat ttien vao cdt can ciia Hpi di him
ldi xe miin Trung, gdm Phan Van Djnh, Nguyen
Van Giao, Nguyin Tudng Hudng phat ttien cua
Trang 2NHAN VAT-sir KIEN
nhdm nay la cdng nhan lao ddng nbu Hi xe, lam
cdng cho d c hang budn Td chu'c Hdi VNCMTN
cua Nguyin Tudng - Phan Van DjMi, qua sy gicii
tfiieu cua Vuong Thiic Oanh, Dd Quang da fim bat
lien*lac Thang 10-1927, tai Hdi An, do sy gidi titieu
cua Phan Them (tiic Cao Hdng Lanh), Hdi
VNCMTN Quang Tri da tfianh lap CM bd Hdi
VNCMTN tai nha tiid Diic An do Phan Them llm
Bi tiiu Ciing dugc sy gidi titieu cua Vuong Thuc
Oanh, Do Quang da tim bit lien lac Cfing ttong nam
1927, tai Tam Ky cd mot sd tiianh Men tilng tiieo hgc
tai Hul, ttp tai Nha Hpi Quang Nam, chju Inh hudng
cua Hpi VNCMTN da hinh tiianh mdt nhdm boat
ddng each mang tfieo tdn cM eua Hpi VNCMTN,
tiianh lap M sich Chieu Anh quIn de ttuyen ba tii
tiidng each mang ttong ldp tiianh Men tien bd
Nbu vay, chi frong vdng nira nam 1927, fren cac
dja ban quan frpng frong tinh deu c6 boat ddng cua
Hdi VNCMTN (Da Nang, Hpi An) hoac boat ddng
tiieo tdn chi cua Hpi VNCMTN (nhu d Tam Ky) VI
mac dil xult phat til d c diu mdi khac nhau nhung
nhd tiidng qua ky bd Trung Ky, d c diu mdi sdm
lien lac vdi nhau de di den tiidng nbat boat ddng
Tren co sd dd, vao diu nam 1928, mdt cudc hdi ngM
dugc td chirc tai Gieng Bong (Da Nang) chinh tiiiic
tiianh lap Tinh bd Hpi VNCMTN Quang Nam vcii
Ban Chap banh gdm: Dd Quang, Phan Them,
Nguyen Tudng, Nguyen Thai, Phan Long, Thai TM
Bdi, Le Van Hien do Dd Quang lam Bi tiiu Le Van
Hien dugc cu dai dien Tinh bd dy Hdi nghj Ky bd
Trung Ky vao tfiang 4-1928
Thang 9-1928 tiip tfiu CM tiii "Vd sin hda" cua
Tdng bp Hpi VNCMTN, Tinh bd Hpi 'VNCMTN
Quang Nam da bang hai dua hpi vien vao d c nba
may, ddn dien de cimg lao ddng, an d, dau tianh vdi
cdng nhan
Thang 3-1929, Ky bd Hdi VNCMTN Trang Ky
chil tiuong tich chi bd Da Nang ra khdi Tinh bd
Quang Nam, hudng su phat frien hdi vien cua Tinh
bd vao ndng tiidn Ban Chip hanh Hdi VNCMTN QuIng Nam dugc cM djnh lai do Dd Quang phu ttach ttue tiiudc Ky bd
Thang 5-1929, to chiic Hdi VNCMTN dugc phat ttiln rdng ra ndng tiidn, tdng sd hdi vien d Quang Nam vl Da Ning II 50 ngudi Hgi VNCMTN nhanh chdng tid tiilnh mdt td chiie chinh tii cd anh budng ldn frong tinh Hdi ra siic phat frien d e to chirc quin chung nhu hdi ai him, hdi nil cdng, td chiic day nghe Hdi van ddng va td chile mdt sd cuoc diu ti-anh ciia cdng nhin, ndng dan, bgc sinh QuIng Nam frd tiianh mdt tinh cd phong tiao kha cua Ky bp Trung Ky
Cimg tiidi gian boat ddng vdi Hdi VNCMTN nhu
da neu ti«n, d QuIng Nam luc bay gid cdn cd mpt td chile yeu nude khac la Tan Viet Cach mang Dang Tan Viet each mang Dang la mdt td chiic yeu nude, luc mdi tiianh lap chua cd dudng ldi chinh tti
vl chuong tiinh boat dpng rd ring Mdt sd dang vien Tan Viet van dpng cbo viec hgp nbat Tan Viet vdi Hdi VNCMTN nhung khdng tiianh Ve sau, dudng ldi boat ddng eua Tan Viet anh hudng Hgi
VNCMTN 6 QuIng Nam, vao tiiang 12-1926, mpt
td Tan Viet diu tien dugc tiilnh lap Nam 1927, to phat ttien tiiem 5 dang vien va tiianh lap mdt cM bp Dang do Biii Chiu, que d Ha Tuih vio llm viec tai Buu dien Da Nang lam Bi tiiu Luc bay gid tai Tam
Ky cQng xult Men bai nhdm Tin Viet, hang tiling cd sinh boat va ddng nguyet pM
Miia he nam 1928, Dai hdi Ky bd Tan Viet hpp d Hue Bill Chau friing cir via Ban Chap hanh Ky bg
vl dugc phan cdng tiuc tiep phu ttach QuIng Nam Sau Dai hdi Ky bd, td chirc Tan Viet Cach mang Dang d Quang Nam dugc ciing ed tiianh Tinh bd va
cu ra Ban Chap banh Tinh bd gdm: Biii Chau, Dang Van Te, Nguyen Kim, Nguyin Khilt, Le Khie Nhon do Biii Chau lam Bi tiiu E)en nam 1929, d
Trang 3NHAN V A T - s u KIEN
Quang Nam, Tan Viet Cach mang Ding cd tdng
cdng 14 dang vien va mot sd nhdm dgc sach bao,
cim te bgc nghe nham de tap hgp quIn chung Tan
Viet md Meu sach Trung Tan d dudng Macpudt (Da
Nang), phat banh sach bao tien bg, ttong do cd ca
sich ve CNCS mua tir Trung Qude va Phap Nh'm
chung, anh hudng cua Tan Viet Caeh mang Ding
khong sau rpng nhu Hdi VNCMTN
Vao nam 1929, frong luc boat dpng cua Hpi
VNCMTN va Tan Viet d Quang Nam cd chieu
hudng phat frien thi vao dau thang 6-1929, Tinh bp
Hpi VNCMTN Quang Nam nhan dupe thdng tm
CO su phan liet d Dai hpi Tdng bd Hpi VNCMTN
Tiep den lai cd fruyen don keu gpi tbanb lap Ddng
Duong Cong san Dang, hd hao hgi vien Hpi
'VNCMTN gia nhap Dang Hpi VNCMTN Quang
Nam da cu Nguyen Thai di ciing Tran Van Tang
ra Nghe An nham tiep thu y kien ciia Tran Van
Cung ve viec thanh lap Ddng Duong Cpng san
Dang Sau kbi Nguyen Thai til Nghe An ve thi Hdi
VNCMTN Quang Nam chuyen thanh Dang bp
Dong Duong Cong san Dang do Phan Van Djnh
lam Bi thu Vai frd ljch su cua Hpi VNCMTN
Quang Nam da boan thanh
Ve Tan Viet, vao cudi nam 1929, xult Men
nhimg cM bp cpng san do phai ta frong Tan Viet each
mang Dang td chuc Ngay 1-1-1930, Ddng Duong
Cong san Lien doan dugc tiianh lap fren co sd nhirng
to chiic cM bd dnh ta frong Tan Viet Ciing frong
tfioi gian ndi tren, Tdng bd Tan Viet d Hue bj tan va,
nhieu can bp, ding vien Tan Viet bi thyc dan Phap
bat cam tii Cac dang vien Tan Viet Quang Nam
phan tan di mpt sd noi, sd khac nam im chd lien lac
ciia cap tren nhu Biii Chau, Nguyen Soan, Le Cao
Phong va khi dugc Dang Cong sin Viet Nam bat
lien lac titi gia nhap vao Dang Ciing nbu Hpi
VNCMTN Quang Nam, Tan Viet Quang Nam cQng
hoan tiianh nhiem vu lich sir cua minh
Qua frinh binh tiianh vl phat tiien cua Hpi VNCMTN va Tan Viet Quang Nam, chung tdi nit ra mdt sd nhan xet:
1 Td chile Hdi VNCMTN QuIng Nam hinh tiianh vl phat tiien tir 3 diu mdi:
a Thdng qua boat dpng cua E)d Quang tai Nba Hdi QuIng Nam d Hue
b Thdng qua boat ddng ciia Nguyen Tudng vl Phan Van Djnh d Hdi ai htm lai xe mien Trang
c Thdng qua boat ddng ciia Phan Them tai Hpi
An Hudng anh hudng chu yeu eua Hpi VNCMTN QuIng Nam la til Hue, Quang Tri Mac dii xult phat til nhieu diu mdi khac nhau nhimg nhd tiidng qua Ky bp Hpi VNCMTN Trung Ky nen de di den viec tiidng nhat td chuc va banh dpng Hpi cd vai frd rat quan frpng frong viec tiuyen ba chu ngbia
Mac - Lenin, cac sach bao nhu: Ngudi cimg khd,
Viet Nam hon, cae tic pham nhu Bdn dn che dp thiec ddn Phdp, Duong Kdch minh ciia Nguyen Ai
Qude vao Quang Nam, gdp phan fruyen ba chu nghia Mac - Lenin vao cac ting ldp nhan dan frong
tinh Dac biet viec in va phat banh Die&ng Kdch
menh ciia lanh tu Nguyen Ai Qude da co tie dung
rat ldn Cudn Duong Kdch menh vach ro each
mang Viet Nam la each mang giai phdng dan tpc, cdng ndng la gdc each mang, mudn lam each mang phai biet doan ket quoc te, pbai ed phuong phap dch mang va frudc bet phai co Dang each mang mdi thanh cdng Dang each mang mudn virng vang pbai lay chii ngbia Mac - Lenin lam cdt, lay tu each ngudi each mang lam frpng Tudi fre dat QuIng tiep
tiiu each mang qua Dudng Kdch menh ciia lanh tu
Nguyin Ai Qude, tun tiiiy dugc mot ngudn sire manh mdi, vi vay viec phat frien hpi vien Hdi VNCMTN cQng nbu ding vien Ddng Duong Cpng sin Dang kha nhanh
(Xem tiep tang 70)
Trang 4NHAN V A T - s u KIEN zy
Doin 371 da van chuyin dugc 31 chuyen an tiian,
vdi 520 tan vii kM Sd vQ khi nay luc dd rat quy, vi
sau Tit Mau Than 1968 ta dang tftieu ngMem frgng
Tiip tiieo doan cdn di tiiem 6 chuyen nua, van
chuyin 100 tin vii kM phye vu cho mat fran Tay Sai
Gdn frong cMin djch Ho CM Minh md man vao
ngay 26-4-1975
"Dudng H6 Chi Mmh fren bien" van chuyen
vii khi, cac phuang tien phuc vy chien dlu til Bac
vao Nam la sang kien ky dieu cua quan va dan ta,
the bien long yeu nude sau sac, tii thdng mmh,
dung cam cua quan va dan cl nude, gdp phan
quan frgng vao sy nghiep giai phdng mien Nam,
hoan tbanb each mang din tgc dan chu nhan din,
thdng nbat dat nude va dua cl nude ta qua do len
chu ngbia xa bdi
Do cd nMeu cdng lao cdng Men frong cudc khang
cMen chdng My, cim nude, Doan 962 boat ddng ti€n
"dudng Hd CM Minb teen bien" da dugc Dang,
Qude bdi, Cbinh phu tang daitfi Meu "Anh himg lye
lugng vji ti-ang nhan dan"; nMeu d nhan Anh himg
nhu Bdng Van Dia, Hd Dac Thang, Dinh Diic Dira,
Phan Van Nhd (Tu Mau) Dai ddi 169 dugc tang
danh hieu "Thanh ddng"; dai ddi 273 danh Meu "10
nam ve vang" Toan Doan dugc tang tiiudng 3 Huan
chuong Quan cdng hang NM; 4 Huan chuong CMen
cdng bang Nhat; 6 Huan chuong CMen cdng bang
NM; 6 Huan chuong CMen cdng bang Ba Hang
tim can bd cMen si dugc tang tiiudng danh Meu
"Diing si diet My", "Diing si quyet tiiang", "DQng si
giir nude"
0 Ca Mau cdn luu tiuyen mai nhiing vln tiia ca
nggi viec xay bin tiep nhan vii khi til BIC VIO Nam:
Nhd xua ten mdnh ddt ndy
Rach thdnh bin cdng, rimg xdy kho tdng
Tdu ra Bdc, Idu vdo Nam
Trdm Idu cap ben, bdc hdng len ddy
SlJ HINH THANH CAC TO CHLTC TIEN THAN CUA DANG 6 QUANG NAM
VA DA NANG
(Tiep iheo tang 63)
2 Td chirc Tan Viet d Quang Nam phit tiien chu
ylu d Da Nlng, xuat phit M Tan Viet d Nghe - Tinh, viec phit tiiln dang vien ban che, khdng tiuc tiep van ddng d c cudc diu tianh ciia quan chiing nen tac dung cua Tin Viet khdng sau rdng bing Hpi VNCMTN
3 Cl hai td chiic deu cd khuynh hudng vd san
vl deu cd nhimg cd gang frong viec ttuyen ba chu ngbia Mae - Lenin vao dat Quang Ca hai td chirc Hdi VNCMTN va Tan Viet Quang Nam ra ddi va boat ddng fren mdt dja bin khdng cd mat cac dang pbai phin ddng la mdt tiiuan lgi ldn CQng chinh tir dac diem nay nen d Quang Nam luc bay gid khdng cd dau franh gay gat giiia hai dudng ldi -dudng ldi cua giai cap vd san va -dudng ldi ciia giai cap tu san Giira Hgi VNCMTN va Tan Viet Quang Nam khdng cd hien tugng mau tiiuan, ti-anh gianh anh hudng lln nhau, ca hai deu dat van de thdng nhit td chiic song chua di den ket qua Khi Dang Cdng san Viet Nam ra ddi tiii dang vien ciia hai td chirc nhanh chdng frd thanh dang vien ciia Dang Cdng sin Viet Nam
Sy ra ddi cua bai td chile Hdi VNCMTN va Tan Viet Cach mang Dang, nhat la Hgi VNCMTN, da cd tie dgng rat ldn den sy phat tiien cua phong trao each mang, den sy tiuyen ba chu nghia Mac - Lenin vao Quang Nam, II budc chuan bj rat ca ban, vung chac cho viec thanh lap Ding bd Dang Cdng san Viet Nam tinh Quang Nam vao ngay 28-3-1930