rat nhieu ban ehe nhu Quy hoach mang ludi quan trie mdi trudng qud'c gia chua thuc sir dupc trien khai nen boat ddng quan trie MTKK cdn phan tin, chdng cheo, chua theo mdt quy trinh [r]
Trang 1NGHIEN CCrU -TRAO OOI
00 THI VIET Nam - THlfC TdBNG VA GIUI PtiAP
VU BAO*
T ax Viet Nam hien nay, cic boat ddng
nhim thiic day qui trinh phit trien
kinh te - xa bdi dang didn ra rit
manh me, dat dupc nhieu thanh tich to Idn,
gdp phin nang cao chit lupng cudc sdng
ngudi dan Thuc te cho thiy, qui trinh phit
trien kinh te-xa hdi tai cic dd thi da gay
nhidu tic ddng xau den mdi trudng ndi
ehung vi tao siic ep Idn ddi vdi mdi trudng
khdng khf (MTKK) ndi rieng Chit lupng
khdng khf ciia cic dd thi dang bi suy giam,
nhidu noi vin dd d nhidm bui da d mii'e bio
ddng
1 Thirc trang quan ly chat lupng
khdng khi dd thj Viet Nam
Hien nay, khdng khi d cac dd thi nudc ta
hi d nhidm bdi nhidu ngudn phit thii khac
nhau nhu ttr cic phuong tien giao thdng,
dot ric ngoai trdi va sir dung than trong cac
boat ddng dan sinh (phit thii bui min va
cic chit ddc), ttr cic dng khdi cua nha
miy Trong nhirng nam vira qua, mdt sd
cic bien phap nhim giim thieu phit thii
chit d nhidm vao khdng khf da ttrng budc
dupc ip dung tai cic dd thi
- Loai bd xdng pha chi: Viet Nam li
qud'c gia thii 7 trong khu vuc ASEAN
"tuyen chien" vdi chi trong xang Thii
tudng Chfnh phii da ban hinh Chi thi so
24/2000/CT-TTG ngay 23-11-2000 vd viec
trien khai sir dung xang khdng pha chi tren
toan qud'c Nhd nd luc nay, hien nay, ham
lupng chi trong MTKK xung quanh cac dd
thi d nudc ta da giim ding ke
- Gidm thieu phdt thdi chdt d nhiim vdo
khdng khi: Nhim quan ly, kiem soit khf
tbii ttr cic phuang tien ca gidi dudng bp, ban ehe miic dp gia tang d nhidm khdng khf, ttrng budc cii thien, nang cao chat lupng MTKK ndi ehung, MTKK d cic do thi ndi rieng, Tbii tudng Chfnh phu da ban hanh Quyet dinh sd 249/2005/QD-TTg ngiy 10-10-2005 quy dinh Id trinh ip dung tieu chuin khf thii ddi vdi phuang tien giao thdng CO gidi dudng bd Theo dd, Bd Giao thdng Van tii da chi dao td chiic kiem tra khf thii theo miic tieu chuin khf thai mdi ttr ngiy 01-7-2006 ddi vdi d td dang luu hanh tai 5 thanh phd (Ha Ndi, Hii Phdng,
D i Ning, TRHd Chf Minh, Cin Tha) va xe
CO gidi nhap khiu da qua sir dung vao Viet Nam; ddng thdi, td chiirc kiem tra khf thai theo tieu chuan EURO 2 ddi vdi xe co gidi san xuat, lip rap va nhap khiu mdi Dau tit
CO sd vat chit va dao tao ngudn nhan lire de dip img cdng tic kiem tra khf thai xe cd gidi theo Id trinh ap dung tieu chuan khi thii da quy dinh
Ben canh dd, td ehu'e dinh gii va cdng nhan cic phdng thir trong va ngoii nudc
Vtra qua, Cue Dang kiem Viet Nam da dinh gia, cdng nhan va cdng bd danh sich
24 phdng thit nghiem cua cic td chiirc, nha sin xuit trong va ngoai nudc dd cic doanh nghiep sin xua't lip rap cd the lua ehpn nOi thir nghiem khf thii phii hpp va thuan tien nhit cho doanh nghiep minh Viec i p dung tieu chuin khf thii chat ehe ddi hdi cac phuang tien giao thdng van tii phii thudng xuyen dupc kiem tra va cd ehe dp bao tri chat ehe
BQ Tdi nguyen vd Moi trUdng
Trang 2Nhim ban ehe sd lupng phuang tien
giao thdng c i nhan gay d nhidm MTKK va
giim tic nghen giao thdng, hien nay, cac
c i p chinh quydn dang dae biet quan tam
den cac bien p h i p n h i m tang cudng cac
phuong tien giao thdng cdng cdng va cai
tien quan ly he thdng giao thdng Tai cic
thanh phd Idn nhu Ha Ndi, TRHd Chi
Minh, Da Ning, Hai Phdng, Cin Tha , sd
lupng c i c xe buyt ndi thi va lien tinh dupc
tang ding ke C i c du an xay dung he thdng
xe buyt nhanh (BTR), tiu dien ngim,
dudng sit tren cao da bit d i u duoc khdi
ddng tai H i Ndi va TRHd Chf Minh
De kiem soit chat ehe c i c ngudn phit
thai cdng nghiep trong va ngoii dd thi, cac
tieu chuin k h i nghiem ngat vd phit thai
cung dupc ban hanh Do vay, nhidu co sd,
nha may Idn da ap dung c i c cdng nghe sin
xuit sach ban, cdng nghe kiem soit phat
thii hien dai va sir dung nang lupng hieu
qua Ddng thdi, xir ly triet de cac co sd gay
d nhidm mdi trudng nghiem trpng Tinh
den thing 12-2006, sau 3 nam trien khai
giai doan 1 ciia Quyet dinh sd 64/2003/
QD-TTg cua Thu tudng Chinh phii phe
duyet Ke hoach xir ly triet de c i c co sd gay
d nhidm nidi trudng nghiem "trpng, trong
tdng sd 439 co sd phii xir ly (trong dd cd
42 CO sd gay d nhidm khdng khi), da cd
145 CO sd (dat 33%) khdng cdn gay d
nhidm mdi trudng, 225 cO sd (51,2%) da va
dang trien khai c i c bien p h i p xir ly
- Tifng budc loai bd cdc phuang tien ca
gidi khdng dii dieu kiin lifu hdnh: Hien
nay, Nghi dinh sd 23/2004/ND-CP ngay
13-01-2004 ciia Chinh phii vd quy dinh
nien ban sir dung ddi vdi d td tai va d td ehd
ngudi ia co sd p h i p ly cho viec loai bd cic
phuang tien khdng dii didu kien luu hanh,
gdp phin tich cue giam bd khf thii ddc hai
Den nay, da cd ban 44.500 xe cu nit, q u i
ban sir dung bi loai bd
- Trien khai Chitang trinh trong diem ifu
tiin ve cdi thien chdt luang khdng khi d cdc
do thi Viit Nam Ban hinh c i c tieu chuin
Vict Nam (TCVN) \ c chit lupng MTKK
Cac TCVN vd MTKK dupc ban hanh lin diu tien vao nam 1995, sira ddi nam 2001
va 2005 Ngay 18-12-2006, Quyet dinh sd 22/2006/QD-BTNMT ciia Bd Tai nguyen
va Mdi trudng dupc ban hanh, quy dinh bat budc ap dung TCVN vd mdi trudng, trong
dd cd 4 tieu chuin xi chit lupng khdng
khf Den nay, theo dinh gia, tieu chuan chat lupng MTKK ciia nudc ta dat mii'e trung binh so vdi mdt so nudc khac
- Budc ddu thifc hien quan tide MTKK
dd thi: Quan trie chit lupng khdng khi la
nhim theo ddi mdt each dinh lupng cu thd chit lupng MTKK, qua dd, thay dupc hieu
q u i va tic ddng ciia cac chinh sach bao ve
MTKK 6 nudc ta, ttr nam 1994, cac hoat
ddng quan trie MTKK bit dau dupc thuc hien thdng qua cac chuong trinh quan trie cap qud'c gia va dia phuang Ttr nam 2000 nhim cung cap so lieu quan trac lien tuc, cic tram quan trie MTKK tu ddng da dupc xay dung va di vao boat ddng tai mdt sd thanh phd Idn nhu Ha Ndi (5 tram) TRHd Chi Minh (9 tram) Hai Phdng (2 tram) Da Nang (2 tram) Tdi day nham hicn dai boa mang ludi quan trie M'PKK theo Quy hoach da dupc Thii tudng Chinh phu phe duyet, den nam 2020, tren toan qud'c se xay dung 58 tram quan trie khdng khi tu ddng
Cic tram quan trie nay se dupc kdi ndi
thanh mang quan trie MTKK thdng qua trung tam didu hanh nhim thudng xuyen theo ddi chat lupng MTKK trong c i nudc
- Day manh hop tdc qudc ti' vi MTKK:
Viet Nam dang tfch cue tham gia xay dung
va da phe chuin 17 cdng ude qud'c te \c mdi trudng; trong dd, cd nhirng cdng ude lien quan den MTKK dd thi Viec huy ddng su hd trp qud'c te giai quyet cac vin
dd MTKK dd tbi da dupc chii trpng trong thdi gian qua Nhieu td chire chinh phii, phi chfnh phii da cd cac chuong trinh, du an hpp tic don phuong, da phuang vdi cac to churc ciia Viet Nam trong quan ly va kidm soat chit luong khdng khi tai cac dd thi Idn nhu H i Ndi', TR Hd Chi Minh
Tuy nhien, ben canh nhirng ket qua dat
TAP CHi Q U A N LY N H A NUOC - SO 159 (4-2009) 21
Trang 3NGHIEN CLTU - TRAO OOI
dupc, \iec quan ly chit lupng khdng khf dd
thi Viet Nam vin cdn nhirng ban ehe sau:
- Chifc ndng, nhiem vu vd to chifc qudn
ly MTKK dd thi chua duac phdn cdng rd
rdng Thd ehe vd quan ly MTKK chua thuc
su dupc trien khai trong thuc te Ben canh
Bd Tai nguyen vi Mdi trudng, mdt sd bd,
nginh khie cung dupc phan cdng trich
nhiem lien quan den quan ly vi bio ve
MTKK nhu cac Bd Giao thdng Van tii,
Cdng thuang, Y te, Xay dung, Khoa hpe vi
Cdng nghe, Tai chinh, Cdng an Cac bd
nay ddu cd co quan theo ddi tinh hinh bao
ve mdi trudng thude nganh, ITnh vuc Tuy
nhien, trach nhiem vd quan ly chit lupng
khdng khi khdng dupe uu tien va chua rd
rang Tai cic dia phuang, mac dti cd don vi
quin ly mdi trudng nhung van dd quin ly
chit lupng khdng khf chua dupc quan tam
diing miic Rit ft cic boat ddng quan ly bao
ve MTKK dupe trien khai tai cic dd thi
Mat khie, cdn thieu cic quy dinh phip luat
dae thti cho MTKK dd thi
- Thii'u ke' hoach qudn ly chdt luang
khdng khi Theo kinh nghiem ciia nhidu
nudc, mdt ndi dung quan trpng trong quin
ly MTKK la xay dung va thuc thi Ke hoach
quin ly chit lupng khdng khi Nhung hien
nay, nudc ta chua cd Kd hoach nay d cip
Qud'c gia cung nhu dia phuong
- Quan tide vd kiim ki ngudn phdt thdi
cdn yi'u Hoat ddng quan trie MTKK cdn
rat nhieu ban ehe nhu Quy hoach mang
ludi quan trie mdi trudng qud'c gia chua
thuc sir dupc trien khai nen boat ddng quan
trie MTKK cdn phan tin, chdng cheo,
chua theo mdt quy trinh thdng nhit, chua
bao quat het cac yeu eiu quan trie; thiet bi
quan trie thie'u va lac hau, chua tu ddng
hoi cic khau luu trir, xir ly va trao ddi sd
lieu; sd lieu vd MTKK thu thap chua ddng
bd, ft dupc chia se, khd khan trong viec
khai thac, sir dung, chua dii tin cay de danh
gia va du bio mdi trudng, phuc vu cho
cdng tic hoach dinh chfnh sich bao ve mdi
trudng, phit tridn kinh te - xa hdi ben virng;
boat ddng bao dim chit lupng va kidm soit
chat lupng (QA/QC) trong quan trie mdi trudng cdn yeu, lam giam chat lupng va tfnh thdng nhit cua so lieu quan trie; kinh phf diu tu cho quan trie MTKK cdn rat ban ehe so vdi yeu eiu nhiem vu bio ve mdi trudng Chua tien hanh kiem ke dupc cic ngudn phit thai khi
- Ddu tu nhd bi vd chua tuang xifng
Kinh phf diu tu cho cdng tic bao ve moi trudng d Viet Nam ngiy cing tang nhung viec giii ngan ngudn kinh phf niy d cac nginh vi dia phuong cdn nhidu khd khan Hon niira, ti le chi cho MTKK so vdi cac ndi dung khie chua hop ly Theo sd lieu cua Bd Ke hoach vi Diu tu vd cic du an ODA cho mdi trudng va chuong trinh cac
du in diu tu cdng cho llnh vuc bio ve moi trudng giai doan 1996-2005, chi cd khoang 276,2 trieu USD dupc diu tu cho MTKK ndi ehung d Viet Nam; trong dd, diu tu cho MTKK dd thi chiem ti le 7,1% tdng vdn diu tu cho ITnh vuc bio ve mdi trudng
- Ddo tqo, nghiin citu khdng theo kip
yen cdu Theo thdng ke so bd, c i nudc hien
cd ban 30 trudng dai hpe va 10 trudng cao ding tham gia dio tao chuyen nganh moi trudng O trinh dp dai hpe, cd gin 50 chuPng trinh dao tao, trinh dp sau dai hpe
cd 25 chuong trinh va cao dang cd 10 chuong trinh So lupng ngudi da vi dang dupe dio tao chuyen nganh mdi trudng tuy
cd tang nhung chua dip iing dupe yeu eiu Cac cin bd d co quan quan ly mdi trudng dia phuang phin Idn ddu chuyen ngang tir cac nganh khie sang Mat khie, trong ITnh vuc nghien cuu mdi trudng, chiing ta cung
cd rit ft cic chuong trinh nghien cuu ve 6 nhidm khdng khf va chua cd cic nghien Clin, dinh gii tdng the, diy dii vd hien trang d nhidm khdng khf ndi ehung va 6 nhidm khdng khi dd thi ndi rieng
- Su tham gia ciia cdng ddng cdn nhieu
han chi' Chien lupc Bio ve mdi trudng
qud'c gia den nam 2010 va dinh hudng den nam 2020 da nhin manh "Bao ve mdi trudng la nhiem vu cua toan xa hdi, ciia cac cip, cic nganh, cic td ehirc, cdng ddng va
22 TAP CHi Q U A N LY N H A N U 6 C - so 159 (4-2009)
Trang 4ciia mpi ngudi dan" Sir thanh cdng ciia
cdng tic b i o ve mdi trudng phu thude rit
Idn vao su tham gia ciia cdng ddng, tuy
nhien, sir tham gia ciia cdng ddng trong
cdng tac nay cdn ban ehe Hien nay, cdng
tic tuyen truydn vin chua thuc sir di vao
cdng ddng, tidm nang ciia cdng ddng trong
bio ve mdi trudng chua dupc phat huy diy
dii, sir tham gia ciia cdng ddng vao cac qua
trinh ddng gdp y kien ra quyet dinh, hoach
dinh chfnh sich va c i c boat ddng quin ly
mdi trudng cdn nhieu ban ehe, trich nhiem
ciia cdng ddng ddi vdi viec tuan thii phap
luat va b i o ve MTKK chua cao
2 Mdt sd giai p h a p bao ve mdi trudng
khdng khi dd thi
Mdt la, h o i n thien chiic nang, nhiem vu
va td chiic q u i n ly MTKK dd thi Trudc
mit, hoan thien chiic nang, nhiem vu va td
chiic quan ly MTKK ttr c i p trung uong den
dia phuang theo hudng phan dinh rd ehu'e
nang co quan, don vi va diu mdi vd quan ly
MTKK trong he thdng c i c co quan quan ly
mdi trudng Cu thd, d cap trung uong, trong
Bd Tii nguyen va Mdi trudng, xic dinh rd
don vi diu mdi vd quin ly MTKK qudc
gia d c i p tinh/thanh phd, xic dinh rd don
vi diu mdi vd b i o ve MTKK tai cac dia
phuong, dae biet tai H i Ndi, TRHd Chf
Minh va c i c dd thi loai 1 Xay dung co ehe
phdi hop chat ehe giua c i c bd, nganh xa
cac dja phuong trong bao ve MTKK
Xic lap CO ehe thdng tin ve MTKK dd
thj Xay dung c a ehe trao ddi, chia se thdng
tin ve MTKK dd thj giu'a c i c bd, nganh va
cac dja phuong Thiet lap He thdng thdng
tin va CO sd dti' lieu vd chit lupng MTKK,
phat thii chit gay d nhidm khdng khf tai
cac thanh phd nhim chia se va trao ddi
thdng tin giira c i c thanh phd va phuc \iJ
nghien cdn, theo ddi, danh gia du bao ve
tinh hinh chit luong MTKK tren c i nudc
Tang cudng sd lupng \ a chit lupng can
bd chuyen trach \ e quan ly mdi trudng ndi
ehung Vii cin bd chuyen trach \ c quan ly
chat lupng khdng khi ndi ricng d tit ca cac
cap ttr trung uong den dja phuong sao cho phu hpp vdi didu kien cua ttrng khu vuc Xay dung dpi ngii can bd quan ly luc lupng thanh tra kiem tra, trien khai va xir
ly nghiem cic trudng hpp vi pham nhim bao dam thuc hien nghiem chinh luat phap
Hai la, hoan thien chfnh sach, luat phap
vd bao ve MTKK dd thj Tang cudng phip che've bio ve MTKK theo hudng quy dinh
rd quydn lpi, trich nhiem bao \e MTKK ciia cac td chiic, c i nhan, cac ehe tai cu the cho cac trudng hpp vi pham, xay dung cac quy djnh vd bdi thudng thiet hai trong ITnh vuc MTKK Cu the, nghien ciru, xay dung
CO ehe thuc sir Idng ghep cic yeu cau bao
ve MTKK vao cic chien lupc, quy hoach
ke hoach phat trien ciia cic nganh dja phuong, dae biet li cac quy hoach phat trien dd thj va khu cdng nghiep Tiep tuc ra soat, chinh sira, bd sung, hoan thien he thdng van ban quy pham phap luiit ve bao
ve MTKK D i y manh xay dung xa ban
hanh ap dung phi bao xc MTKK ddi \di
khf thai - mdt cdng cu kinh te budc cac ddi tupng gay d nhicm phai giam thieu cac ngudn thai ra mdi trudng Ra soat hoan thien cac quy chuan qudc gia ve MTKK Xay dung Quy chc bao ve MTKK dd thi trong dd quy djnh id trach nhiem ciia cac
nganh, ITnh xuc boat ddng d dd ihi trong
viec phat thai \ao khdng khi, ngan chan kjp thdi cac tac ddng xau, gdp phan chan da suy giam chit lupng MTKK dd thj hien nay
Sdm dua ke hoach xay dung Ludt Khoiig
khi sach vao Id trinh xay dung luat ciia
Qud'c hdi, day se la khung phap ly va npi dung quan trong nhat cho hoat ddng bao \ c MTKK
Ba Id, xay dung Ke hoach quan ly chat
lupng khdng khf qud'c gia Ke hoach quan
ly chat lupng khdng khf qud'c gia phai phii hpp vdi cac ke hoach quan ly chai lupng khdng khf ciia cac thanh phd \a ngupc lai Trong dd, phai bao gdm cac yeu eiu nguyen tac chinh ddi vdi cic kc hoach quan ly chai lupng khdng khi ciia cac dja
TAP CHi Q U A N LY N H A NUdc - S6 159 (4-2009) 23
Trang 5NGHIEN CLTU - TRAO OOI
phuong, phai dua ra cic mue tieu ngin ban
vi mue tieu dai ban, chi ra cic uu tien
chfnh, ude tfnh kinh phf dd thuc hien Ddng
thdi, phii neu ra cic bien phip thuc hien cu
the, cic td ehirc chju trich nhiem thuc hien
cic bien phip nay vi Id trinh thuc hien
Xay dung ke hoach quin ly chit lupng
khdng khf cho H i Ndi, TP Hd Chf Minli va
mdt sd dd thi Idn khie Hien nay, H i Ndi
dang xay dung Ke hoach quan ly chit
lupng khdng khf den nam 2020 Cin sdm
hoin thinh viec xay dung Kd hoach va dua
vio thuc thi trong thuc te de lim md hinh
miu cho cac dd thj khie
Bdn Id, tang cudng kinh phf cho quin ly
MTKK Tang ti le chi cho bao ve MTKK ttr
cic ngudn ngan sich, ngudn vdn hd trp
phit trien chinh thiic Cic dja phuong cin
phan djnh rd vi sir dung cd hieu qua, dung
mue dfch kinh phi bio ve MTKK Iiy tii
ngudn 1% chi ngan sich cho mdi trudng
hing nam Ddng thdi, tim kiem ngudn kinh
phf ttr cac td ehu'e qud'c te vi cic nudc cho
boat ddng quin ly va bio ve chit lupng
khdng khf dd thj Xay dung danh sich cac
du in uu tien vd bio ve MTKK de tranh thii
sir hd trp ODA
Ndm Id, day manh boat ddng quan trie,
kiem ke khf thii, kidm soat MTKK dd thi
Tap trung trien khai Quyet dinh sd
16/2007/QD-TTg ngiy 29-01-2007 ciia
Thu tudng Chinh phii ve Quy hoach tdng
the mang ludi quan trie tii nguyen va mdi
trudng qudc gia, trong dd cd xay dung
mang ludi quan trie MTKK Trudc mit,
diy nhanh xay dung mang ludi quan trie
chit lupng khdng khf tai cic thanh phd Idn,
khu cdng nghiep de giim sit, phit hien cic
vin de d nhidm khdng khf Diy manh diu
tu CO sd vat chit ki thuat, miy mdc, thiet bj
vi cdng nghe hien dai cho tram quan trie
khdng khf vi cic boat ddng truyen tin, xir
ly, quan ly vi cung cip thdng tin, sd lieu vd
MTKK dd thj Uu tien cac thinh phd Idn
thupc vting kinh te trpng diem Mat khac,
sdm trien khai viec kiem ke rdng rai ngudn
phit thii trong toan qudc, nhat la d cic khu
vuc dd thj cd cic ngudn phit thai chit 6 nhidm vao khdng khf
Kiem soit va ban ehe cic ngudn gay 6 nhidm bui d dd thj nhu yeu eiu cic cdng trinh xay dung phii kiem soit bui tai cac dia diem thi cdng va tren cic phuang tien van chuyen vat lieu xay dung; quy hoach hop ly cic tuyen van chuyen qua thanh phd; cic xe d td phii dupc phun nude rira sach trudc khi vao thinh phd
Tang cudng phuong tien giao thdng cdng cdng vi cic hinh thiic giao thdng khdng gay d nhidm Khuyen kbich su phat trien cua cic phuang tien giao thdng sir dung nang lupng sach nhu khf thien nhien, khf hoi Idng, cdn nhien lieu, biodiesel va dien Thuc hien nghiem tiic cic quy djnh lien quan den phat thii ciia cic phuang tien giao thdng (tridn khai viec ap dung tieu chuan EURO 2; thuc hien kiem tra va bao dudng cic phuang tien giao thdng ) Tang cudng ip dung cic bien phip nhim kiem soit, giim phat thai chit 6 nhidm khdng khi do boat ddng sin xua't cdng nghiep va dan sinh Cic boat ddng cdng nghiep phii tuan thu nghiem ngat cac tieu chuin khf tbii, iing dung cic giii phap sin xuit sach ban, lip dat cac thiet bj xir ly khf thai tai ngudn phit thii, cai tien quy trinh ddt nhien lieu trong sin xua't, thay the nhien lieu it gay d nhidm Tuyen truydn, khuyen khfch cdng ddng dan cu sir dung cic nhien lieu sach trong dun niu thay bing su dung diu, than, ciii; tang mat do cay xanh trong cic dd thj
Kiem tra, giam sit chit lupng xang, dau nhap khiu, pha ehe va sin xua't trong nudc, dim bao dung tieu chuan theo cic quy djnh hien hanh Dae biet chii trpng den ham lupng chi trong xang va him lupng sunfua trong diu
Sdu Id, day manh boat ddng nghien cihi
khoa hpe va cdng nghe trong ITnh vUc MTKK, de ra cac bien phip phti hpp nhim bio \e siic khoe cdng ddng va sir phit trien
(Xem tii'p trang 56)
Trang 6dit thanh vdn la giai phdng mat bing
Nguyen nhan ca ban cua khd khan nay la
dung cham tdi quydn Ipi ciia ngudi dan
trong vimg giai tda Tuy phap luat Viet
Nam quy dinh khi giai phdng mat bing,
ngudi dan phai dupc di ddi tdi nai d mdi
tdt ban hoac bing nai d cii Nhung thuc te
khdng phai dia phuang nio cung lam dupc
nhu vay Nhidu nai ngudi dan cho ring, cii
mit nhidu ban la cai dupe Chuyen tdi nai
d mdi xa trudng hoc, benh vien, thieu dien,
thieu nudc sach v i khdng ft trudng hop gii
ddn bu dit va tai sin thap xa so vdi gii thi
trudng, dae biet la gii dit sin xuat ndng
nghiep Vi vay, cung vdi viec xic dinh gia
dat den bu thda ding cho ngudi dan, chfnh
quydn dia phuang va chii diu tu phai quan
tam tdi xay dung khu tii dinh cu dim bao
didu kien sdng thuan lpi cho cic hd dan di ddi va cd chinh sich chuyen ddi nganh nghd cho nhung lao ddng bi Nha nudc thu hdi dit
Viec chuyen ddi dat dai thanh vdn dang didn ra sdi ddng d cic dia phuong trong nudc De thuc hien chu truong nay cd hieu qua, viec rut ra bai hpe kinh nghiem de giiip chfnh quydn cic dia phuong td chiic chi dao, lanh dao tdt la yeu eiu cap thiet cin dupc tiep tuc nghien ciiru, tdng ketQ
1 Chien liroic 6n dinh va phat trien kinh te - xa hoi, NXB Su that H.1991, tr 30
2 4 Van kien Dai hoi dai bieu toan quoc Idn thii X NXB CTQG, H.2006, tr 81, 243
3 Luat Dai dai, NXB CTQG, H.2003, tr.l25
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QUAN LY CHAT LlTfllNG MOI TRlTfllNG
(Tii'p theo trang 24)
ben viing ciia dit nudc Tiep tuc md rdng
chi tieu dao tao ciia cic chuyen nganh mdi
trudng d tit c i cic trinh dp dao tao, trong
dd md rdng dao tao cic chuyen nganh vd
MTKK Tang cudng Idng ghep cic ndi
dung dio tao vd mdi trudng vio cic
chuang trinh dio tao cua cic chuyen nganh
khie Cac chuyen gia trong ITnh vuc khie
cung cin dupc dao tao va cd kien tbiic vd
bao ve mdi trudng
Bdy la, tang cudng su tham gia ciia cdng
ddng, nang cao nhan thiic cua cdng ddng
vd tam quan trpng ciia chit lupng MTKK
xung quanh ddi vdi siic khoe ciia cdng
ddng cung nhu anh budng ciia nd tdi chit
lupng cudc sdng Cdng khai cac thdng tin,
sd lieu lien quan den tinh hinh d nhidm
khdng khf vi cic ngudn chfnh gay d nhidm
khdng khf tren cic phuang tien thdng tin
dai chiing de cdng ddng cd nhan thu'c diing
vd d nhidm khdng khf, tren co sd dd nang
cao y thiire cdng ddng trong bao ve MTKK Dua cdng ddng tham gia true tidp vao he thdng quan ly mdi trudng, tham gia cac cdng doan cua cdng tic quan ly tii khau bin bac ban diu tdi viec Ien ke hoach thuc hien, trien khai cic boat ddng va dinh gia sau khi thuc hien Xay dung cic co cbe cu the de thu hut su ung hd, tham gia ciia cdng ddng trong bao ve MTKK
Tdm Id, tiep tuc tridn khai manh me
"Chuong trinh cai thien chit lupng khdng kbi d cic dd thi" Theo dd, cac Bd Giao thdng Van tai, Tai nguyen va Mdi trudng, Khoa hpe va Cdng nghe, Cdng thUPng, Xay dung khan trupng tbiic day trien khai cic du in uu tien thupc Khung ke hoach tdng the thuc hien Chuong trinh 23 "Cai thien chit lupng khdng khf d cic dd thj" Cic dia phuong cung cin ddn ddc thuc hien cic du an uu tien da dupc giao, dam bao dat dupc cic mue tieu dd ra trong Khung ke hoach tdng the thuc bien Chupng
trinh 23a