djp de cap mat nay mgt each cu the vd nhdn manh nhirng tieu chf, phdm chat dao dflc co bdn cfla ngudi can bg: trung vdi nudc, trung vdi Dang, hieu vdi dan; can, kiem, liem, chfnh, ch[r]
Trang 1SU' NGHIEP VA TU' TU'ONG HO CHi MINH
OUAN HE ClOA Oifc VA TAI CUA NGU'Cfl CAN BQ CACH MANG TRONG TU'TU'CiNG HO CHI MINH
ThS NGUYEN THI LLTONG UYEN*
Trong suot cugc ddi boat dgng each
mang Ho Chi Minh luon quan tdm
den vdn de can bg, coi can bg Id cdi goc cfla
cdch mang, cong tac can bg la cdng viec
gdc cfla Dang Ngudi khdng djnh: "Can bg
Id ddy chuyen cfla bg may Neu ddy chuyen
khdng tdt, khong chay thi dgng ca du tot,
dfl chay, toan bg mdy cflng te liet Can bg
la ngudi dem chinh sdch cfla Chfnh phfl,
cfla dodn the thi hdnh trong nhdn dan, neu
cdn bg dd thi chfnh sach hay cflng khdng
the thyc Men dugc"' Do do, tfl rdt sdm, Ho
Chf Minh da day cdng vun ddp de dao tao
cho Ddng, cho ddt nudc mgt dgi ngfl can bg
vua cd due vfla cd tdi, xflng dang "vua la
ngudi lanh dao, vfla la ngudi day td trung
thdnh cfla nhdn ddn"
Hd Chi Minh fiho rang, doi vdi ngudi
can bg cdch mang, hai mat dflc va tai, phdm
chdt vd ndng lyc, khdng the thilu mat ndo,
cflng khdng the coi nhe mat nao, cd due ma
khdng cd tdi thi cflng khong khdc ong But
tiong chua chdng giflp fch gi dugc, nhung
cd tdi ma khdng cd dflc thi se lam hdng
cdng viec, cd hai cho each mang
Nhdt qudn quan diem do, ngay tfl nhirng
nam ddu chuan bj cho sy ra ddi cfla Ddng
* Hgc vien CT-HC qudc gia Hd Chi Minh
Cgng sdn, trong nhflng trang ddu tien cua
tdc pham Du&ng cdch minh Ho Chf Minh
da neu ra 23 dieu ve tu each ngudi can bg cdch mang de giai quyet dung dan cdc moi
quan he: ddi v&i minh, ddi v&i ngu&i vd ddi
v&i viec Sau nay, Hd Chi Minh cd nhieu
djp de cap mat nay mgt each cu the vd nhdn manh nhirng tieu chf, phdm chat dao dflc co bdn cfla ngudi can bg: trung vdi nudc, trung vdi Dang, hieu vdi dan; can, kiem, liem, chfnh, chf cong vd tu; nhdn, nghTa, trf, dflng, tfn; tinh thuang yeu con ngudi, tinh thuang yeu dong bao, ddng chi; cd tinh than quoc te trong sang Trong cdi "gdc" cfla ngudi can bg, Ho Chi Minh dac biet coi tigng giao due, ren luyen phdm chdt can, kiem, liem, chfnh, chf cong vd tu Day Id net dac trung cua dao due, la dieu khong the thieu cfla ngudi can bg Ngudi viet:
"Trdi cd bon mfla: Xudn, Ha, Thu, Dong Dat cd bon phuang: Dong, Tdy, Nam, Bac Ngudi CO bon dflc: Can, Kiem, Liem, Chfnh TMeu mgt mfla, thi khdng thanh tidi Thieu mgt phuong thi khdng thdnh dat Thieu mgt due thi khdng thanh ngudi"^ Can la lao dgng cdn cfl, sieng ndng; lao dgng cd ke hoach, sang tao, cd ndng sudt cao; lao dgng vdi tinh thdn ty lyc cdnh sinh, khdng y lai, khdng dua dam
Trang 2SU' NGHIEP VA TU' TU'ONG HO CHi MINH
Kiem tuc la tiet kiem sflc lao dgng, tiet
kiem tien cfla dan, cfla nudc, cfla ban than
Phdi tiet kiem tfl cdi to den cai nhd, nhieu
cdi nhd cgng lai thdnh cdi to, "khdng xa xi,
khdng hoang phf, khdng bfla bai", khdng
pho truang, hinh thflc Can, kiem phdi di
ddi vdi nhau, cdn ma khdng kiem cflng
gidng nhu thflng khong day, kiem ma
khdng can thi lay gi md kiem
Liem Id "ludn ludn tdn frgng giu gin cfla
cdng, cfla dan, phdi trong sach khong tham
lam", "khdng tham tien tai, dja vj", "khdng
xdm pham dong xu hat thdc cfla nhdn dan"
CMnh "ngMa Id khdng td, nghTa Id thang
than, dflng dan", "Viec thien dfl nhd may
Cling lam, viec dc du nhd may cung trdnh, mdi
ngdy cd ldm mgt viec lgi cho dan, cho nudc"
Theo Hd Chi Minh, cdn, kiem, liem Id
gdc re cua chinh, nd nhu mgt cay can phdi
cd gdc, re; can phai cd cdnh, la, hoa, qua
mdi hodn todn Ngudi cdn bg cdch mang
cung phdi hoan toan nhu vay, cung phdi cd
nhirng dflc tinh ay Bdi ngudi can bg phdi
lam guong trudc, tflc la lam cai cho ngudi
ta soi sang de sfla, do vay, cdn bg each
mang phdi chfnh trudc mdi giflp dugc
ngudi thdnh chfnh
Chf cong vo tu la ldng minh chi biet vi
Ddng, vi To qudc, vi dong bao; la dat lgi
ich cfla edeh mang, cfla nhdn ddn len fren
het, trudc bet Chf cdng vd tu ve thyc chdt
Id ndi tiep can, kiem, liem, chfnh Chi cd
ngudi can bg ndo thyc sy cdn, kiem, liem,
chfnh mdi chi cong vo tu, ngugc lai da chi
cong vo tu, mgt ldng vi nudc vi dan thi
nhdt djnh se thyc hien dugc can, kiem,
liem, chfnh va cd nhfeu dflc tfnh tdt khdc
Bdi dudng pham chat cdn, kiem, liem, cMnh, chf cdng vo tu se ldm cho moi cdn bg vflng vang trudc mgi thfl thdch, "gidu sang khdng the quyen rfl, ngheo khd khdng the chuyen lay, uy vfl khong the khuat phuc" Nhung de cd dugc dao dflc each mang, ngudi can bg phdi trdnh dugc thdi hu, tat xdu
vd cuong quyet dau tranh xda bd chflng Ho Chf Minh khdng djnh: "dao dflc each mang khdng phdi tren frdi roi xuong Nd do ddu franh ren luyen ben bi hang ngdy md phat trien vd cflng co Cflng nhu ngge cdng mai cang sdng, vdng cang luyen cang frong"^ Mac du nhdn manh nhieu ve tieu chudn dao dflc each mang nhung Ho Chi Minh khdng he coi nhe tieu chudn nang luc cfla
ngudi can bg Ngudi cho rang "due Id gdc,
nhung tdi la quan trgng" Tai la nang lyc
cdng tdc, ndng lyc hoan thanh nhiem vy dugc giao bieu Men d hieu sudt, hieu qud trong mgt ITnh vyc boat dgng ndo do Cu the phai
cd tdm nhin xa, frdng rgng, co kha nang tham gia hoach djnh vd td ehflc thyc Men dudng loi, chfl truang, chinh sach cfla Ddng, Nhd nudc vd cac td chfle - dodn the nhdn ddn Mudn vdy, ngudi can bg phai cd nang lyc tu duy tot, phdi cd trf tue minh man, cd trinh do chuyen mdn, nghiep vu gioi
Tieu chudn ve nang luc cfla ngudi can
bg khdng phdi Id cdi gi khdng doi, djnh ra mgt ldn la dfl, bdi vi thyc tien cdch mang van dgng khdng ngimg Dang tien len mai, neu khong bd sung vd cu the hda cho phfl hgp vdi nhflng yeu cdu cfla nhiem vu chfnh frj mdi dang ddt ra se trd thdnh lac hau, bao thfl Trudc khi gianh dugc chfnh quyln, Hd Chf Minh yeu edu ve ndng lyc cfla ngudi can
Trang 3SU" NGHIEP VA TU' TU'O'NG H O CHi MINH
bd Id nhflng van de rdt co ban de ldm nhiem
vu gianh chfnh quyln Nam 1940, trudc khi
ve nudc, tai Quang Tdy - Trung Qudc,
Ngudi da to chfle cac lop hgc va tiijc tilp
hudn luyen chinh trj cho can bg each mang
Viet Nam Ngi dung hgc tap bao gom tinh
hinh the gidi va frong nudc; each td chuc
dodn the qudn chflng; cdch dieu tra, tuyen
truyen to chuc, huan luyen va dau tranh cdch
mang nhdm trang bj nhflng kien thflc can
thiet cho ddu tranh gianh chfnh quyen
Nhung ngay sau khi gianh dugc chinh
quyen, de xdy dyng vd bdo ve chfnh quyen
cdch mang, xay dyng xa hgi mdi, ddi hdi
cdn bg phdi cd nhiing hieu biet mdi, ndng
lyc mdi de ddp flng dugc nhiing yen cdu
cfla nhiem vu each mang Dd la nhirng hieu
biet ve cdc vdn de tfl chinh trj den quan sy,
ngoai giao, tu kinh te den van hda, khoa
hgc ky thudt, tfl to chfle, qudn ly nen kinh
te den td chuc qudn ly toan xa hgi Hd
Chf Mfnh nhan manh: "Ngdy nay, Ddng
yeu cdu cdn bg vd ddng vien chdng nhiing
thao ve chinh trj md cdn phai gidi ve
chuyen mdn"; "can bg ai lanh dao trong
ngdnh boat dgng ndo thi phdi biet chuyen
mdn ve nganh do", "vd ludn d qudn sy,
chfnh frj, kinh te, vdn hda, td ehflc, tuyen
fruyen, cong an can bg d mon ndo phai
hgc eho thao cdng viec d trong mdn do"
Neu cd dflc khdng phdi la viec de, ddi hdi
khd cdng ren luyen sudt ddi thi cd tai cflng
khdng phdi Id viec don gian de dang, cflng
ddi hdi khd cdng hgc tap, ren luyen Hd Chf
Minh ndi, nang lyc cfla can bg "khong phdi
hodn toan do ty nhien cd ma phdn ldn do
cdng tdc, do tap luyen" Chinh vi vdy, Ngudi
yeu cdu mdi cdn bd phdi ludn chdm lo, ren luyen, hgc tap khdng ngflng Tri thflc la ca sd cfla tdi ndng, cfla su thong minh, cd hgc tap thi mdi nhdn thflc rd muc tieu, ly tudng each mang va mdi cd khd nang xde djnh dugc phuang phdp tdt nhdt dl thyc Men muc tieu,
ly tudng cfla mmh Chfnh Ngudi la tdm guong sdng ve tinh than ty ren luyen ndng cao trinh do, khdng ngimg hge tap de dap ling yeu cdu nhiem vu each mang
Nhu vay, theo Ho Chf Minh, due - tdi la hai nhdn to rat cdn thiet vd quan tigng khdng the thieu, cflng khdng the tuyet ddi hda mat ndy ma phfl nhdn hay xem nhe mat kia ddi vdi mdi cdn bg each mang Ngudi cdn bg cd nang lyc nhimg khdng cd dao due, roi vao chfl nghTa cd nhdn, tham nhflng thi nang luc do khong the dung dugc, thdm chf cd hai cho To qudc, cho nhdn dan Ngugc Iai, nhflng ngudi cd dao due nhung kem ndng lyc, tuy khdng lam hai cho ai, nhung chdng giflp fch gi dugc cho nudc, cho ddn Phan chia due, tdi nhu the, nhung trong tu tudng cfla Ho Chf Minh, khdng cd
sy tdch rdi gifta dao dflc vd nang lyc trong nhdn each ngudi can bg
Hai mat dflc vd tai, phdm chdt va ndng lyc
cd moi quan he bien chflng, tac dgng qua lai,
bd sung cho nhau, ldm phong phu ldn nhau
Ho Chf Minh cho rang dflc Id co sd Id nen tang cfla tdi Due djnh hudng ly tudng, djnh hudng hdnh dgng vuon tdi tdi Mat khdc, tai
Id sy the hien cua dflc frong viec phuc •vy Dang, phuc vu nhan ddn, gdp phdn dua ddt nudc thodt khdi ngheo ndn, lac hdu Cd tdi mdi phdt huy dugc due, lam cho dflc cdng cao, cang ldn hon Khdng cd tdi thi mgi ly
Trang 4SU" NGHIEP VA TU' TU'ONG HO CHi MINH
tudng, hodi bdo, khat vgng tdt dep khdng bao
gid trd thdnh Men thyc Nhu vdy, gifta due
-tdi khdng cdn ranh gidi md nd hda quyen vdi
nhau tao nen ngi dung cdn bdn mdu hinh
nhdn cdch ngudi cdn bg edeh mang
Cdn cu chfl yeu de ddnh gia dao due vd
ndng luc ngudi can bg Id hieu qud cdng
viec, la ket qua thyc hien nhiem vu dugc
giao Ndi chuyen vdi thanh nien Ho Chf
Minh ndi: "Thanh nien phdi cd dflc, cd tdi
Cd tdi ma khdng cd dflc, vi nhu mgt anh
ldm kinh te tdi chfnh rat gidi nhung lai di
den thut ket thi chdng nhirng khdng ldm
dugc gi fch lgi cho xa hgi ma cdn cd hai
cho xa hgi nfla"^ Cflng cd khi Ngudi ndi:
phdi ldy ket qua thiet thyc da gdp phan bao
nhieu cho sdn xudt vd lanh dao sdn xudt md
do y chf each mang cfla minh Hay kien
quyet chdng benh ndi sudng, thdi phd
truong hinh thuc, ldi ldm viec khdng nhdm
muc dich nang cao san xudt
Tdng hgp tieu chuan due, tdi, Hd Chf
Minh neu ra bon yeu cdu co ban cfla ngudi
cdn bg nhu sau:
Thic nhdt, nhung ngudi td ra trung thdnh
va hang hdi trong cdng viec, trong ddu
franh; thu hai, nhiing ngudi lien lac mat
thiet vdi ddn chflng Luon ludn chfl y den
Igi fch cua dan chflng; thie ba, nhiing ngudi
cd the phy trach giai quyet cac van de frong
nhung hoan cdnh khd khan; thie tu, nhflng
ngudi luon gift dflng ky ludt
Tu nhflng tieu chudn chung cho mgi cdn
bg ve dflc vd tdi, Hd Chf Minh djnh ra tieu
chudn cu the cho tflng loai cdn bg cfla timg
ngdnh, tflng cdp, tung ITnh vyc Mdi ngudi
cdn bg, dfl ldm cdng tdc gi, du d cuong vj
ndo deu cd the tim thay nhflng tieu chudn cfla chfnh minh de tu duang, ren luyen, de phdn ddu va yeu cau Dang phai chu y dao tao, bdi dudng su dung, bd trf edn bg theo nhiing tieu chudn ay
Tu tudng Hd Chf Minh ve sy thong nhdt gifta dflc vd tdi, pham chat vd ndng lyc trong nhdn each ngudi can bg cd y nghTa vo cung to Idn doi vdi xay dung dgi ngfl can
bg trong he thdng chfnh trj d nudc ta hfen nay, hudng tdi hodn thien nhdn each ngudi cdn bg Ddy that su la nhirng cdn cu dflng ddn, rd rdng de xem xet, ddnh gid cdn bg; la
CO sd de phdn biet va ddu tranh vdi mgi bieu hien cua chu nghTa ca nhan, nham khdc phuc "tinh frang suy thoai ve chfnh frj, tu tudng, dao due, ldi sdng cfla mgt bg phdn khong nhd can bg, ddng vien gdn liln vdi te quan lieu, tham nhflng, lang phf dang dfen ra nghiem frgng"^ nhu hien nay
Sy nghiep doi mdi dat dgi ngfl can bg trudc mgt su sdng lgc day thfl thach: khong
cd sy lua chgn gifla dao dflc va nang luc
ma chi cd sy thong nhdt gifla dao due vd ndng lyc thi moi ngudi, tren moi cuong vj cdng tac mdi dap flng dugc nhflng ddi hdi, yeu cau cfla each mang
1, 3, 5 Ho Chi Minh Todn tap, CTQG, H,
2000, T.S, tr.54, 631,631
2, 7 Sdd, T.9, tr 172, 172
4, 6.Sdd, T.7, tr 568, 293
8 Dang Cong san Viet Nam: Vdn Men Dqi hgi
Dqi biiu todn qudc ldn thieX, CTQG, H, 2006, tr.22