Dd la, trong san xuat chat lugng, hieu qua va sue canh tranh cua cac san pham vung mien nui cdn thap; tiem nang chua dugc khai thac dung muc; cdn cd sy chenh lech ve trinh dp phat tr[r]
Trang 1Thuc tien - Kinh nghiem T p p c h i c a n g s d n
PHU YEN THUC HIEN CO HIEU QUA
• • •
CHINH SACH MIEN NUI VA DAN TOC
D A O T A N LOC
Phu Yin Id tinh duyen hdi Nam Trung Bd, ed diin tieh tir nhiin
5.045 km^ vd ddn sd khodng 880.000 ngudi; bd con cdc ddn tdc thiiu sd
nhuE-di, Ba-na, Chdm, Tdy, Nung, Dao, Gia-rai, Thdi, Hoa cd khodng 50.000 ngudi Todn tinh ed 9 huyen, thdnh phd, trong dd ed 3 huyen miin
nui; vdi 45 xd, thi trdn, trong dd ed 12 xd thude diin ddc biet khd khdn
Miin nui eua tinh tdng Id vung edn eii each mqng trong 2 eude khdng
chiin, diim xudt phdt kinh ti thdp, hdng ndm thudng chiu anh huong ndng
ni cua thiin tai (Id lut, hqn hdn ), ddi sdng nhdn ddn gap nhiiu khd khdn
Tuy nhiin, trong nhitng ndm gdn ddy, nhd thue hiin tdt ehinh sdch miin
nui vd ddn tdc cua Ddng nin eude sdng eua ngudi ddn ngdy cdng thay ddi,
khd khdn dd qua, nhiiu ngudi khdng nhitng thodt duqe ddi ngheo md edn
vuon lin lam giau
THANG 11-2001, tren ca sd danh gia
thyc trang tinh hinh kinh te - xa hdi
miln nui cua tinh, Hdi nghj Tinh uy
lin thu 5 khda XIII da dl ra Nghi quylt ve
phat triln kinh tl - xa hdi mien nui giai doan
2001 - 2005 vdd 6 chuong trinh cu the vl
phat triln kinh tl ndng - lam nghiep; cdng
nghiep - tiiu, thil cdng nghiep va thuong mai
du ljch; xay dyng kit ciu ha ting; phat ttiln
ngudn nhan lye; phat trien khoa bpc - ky
thuat; ciing cd he thdng chinh tti ca sd va tap
trung chi dao thyc hien mdt each cd hieu qua
Ngay 12-3-2003, Hdi nghj Trung uong 7
khda IX ban hanh Nghj quylt sd 24-NQrrW
vl cdng tac dan tdc, Tinh uy Phii Yen td chuc
quan triet, xay dyng Chuang trinh hanh ddng
sd 23-CTr/TU, ngay 27-6-2003 ve thyc hien Nghj quyet Trung uong 7, tiep tuc xac djnh muc tieu, nhiem vu va giai phap chu yeu cua cdng tac dan tdc, mien nui trong thdi ky mdi; chi dao cac cap uy, chinh quyen, cac nganh Mat ttan Td qudc, cac td chuc doan the va nhan dan td chuc quan triet, xay dyng chuang trinh, ke hoach phdi hgp thyc hien cac muc tieu, nhiem vu da dugc Tinh uy xac djnh
Sau gin 8 nam td chuc thyc hien cac nghj quylt, chuong trinh hanh ddng cda Tinh uy
vl cdng tac mien nui, dan tdc (2001 - 2008), nhin chung, tinh hinh mien nui, dan tdc tren
•* Uy vien Trung uong Dang, Bi thu Tinh ily Chii tich Hpi dong nhan dan tinh Phu Yen
Sci 802 (thang 8 nam 2009) 7 3
Trang 2Thuc tien - Kinh nghiem Tpp chi c a n g sdn
dia ban tinh cd chuyen bien manh me Cac
cap, cac nganh, Mat tran Td qudc, doan the
va cac tang Idp nhan dan trong tinh da quan
triet, thyc hien cd ket qua cac quan diem,
chuang trinh muc tieu cua Dang, Chinh phu
ve cdng tac mien nui, dan tdc Nhd dd, tdc dp
tang trudng GDP binh quan hang nam khu
vyc mien nui dat 11,5% nam, cao hon binh
quan chung cua ca tinh, GDP binh quan dau
ngudd udc dat gan 8 trieu ddng/ngudi (nam
2008), tang gap 2,7 lan so vdi nam 2003 Co
cau kinh te chuyen dich theo hudng cdng
nghiep hda, hien dai hda
Tren ITnh vyc ndng, lam nghiep, d cac
huyen mien nui da hinh thanh dugc cac vung
trdng cay nguyen Heu (nua, san, cao su )
gan vdd cac nha may cdng nghiep che bien
(dudng, tinh bdt san ), md rdng dien tich Ida
nude, chan nudi bd dan, ddng thdd td chuc
ung dung tien bd khoa bpc - cdng nghe vao
san xuat, nen nang suat, san lucmg, chat
lucmg cay trdng, vat nudi tang nhanh Nam
2008, tdng dien tich dat canh tac toan vung
len den 48.655 ha, tang 6.065 ha so vin nam
2003; hang nam nhan dan mien nui da cung
cap khoang 600 ngan - 800 ngan tan mia
nguyen Heu va 150 ngan - 160 ngan tan san
nguyen Heu cho cac nha may Dien tich cay
lua nude tang gan 500 ha, gdp phan bao dam
dn dinh luong thyc tai chd, vdi muc binh
quan luong thyc dau ngudd 290 kg/nam, tang
ban 70kg so vcA nam 2003 Tdng dan bd hien
cd 122,5 nghin con, tang binh quan
2,2%/nam, chiem 60% tdng dan bd cua tinh,
ttong dd ty le bd lai chiem ban 30% Cac
huyen mien nui trdng m(5d hon 5.700 ha rung
tap trung, 2,3 trieu cay phan tan; giao khoan
89.976 ha dit lam nghiep cho 3.100 hd,
khoanh nudi tai sinh riing ty nhien 4.468 ha;
nang dp che phd rung len 38,5% (nam 2008)
Nam 2008, gia tri san xuat cdng nghiep khu vyc mien nui dat 781,9 ti ddng, chiem 22,78% gia tri san xuat cdng nghiep cua tinh; nhip dp tang binh quan 24,9%/nam Tren dja ban hien cd 2 doanh nghiep che bien dudng hoat ddng, vdd tdng cdng suat che bien khoang 6.000 tan mia cay/ngay va 2 nha may san xuat tinh bdt san vdi tdng cdng suat 150.000 tan nguyen lieu/nam Nha may dudng KCP (Son Hda), cac nha may chi bien tinh bdt san (Sdng Hinh, Ddng Xuan) va cac CO sd san xuat khac da gdp phan quan trpng trong phat trien vung nguyen lieu, tao viec lam, tang thu nhap, xda ddi, giam ngheo cho nhan dan, nhat la ba con cac dan tpc thieu sd
Ket cau ha tang giao thdng, thuy lgi, dien, thdng tin lien lac, nude sach, trudng hoc, tram y te, cac ca sd djch vu dugc chu ttpng dau tu thdng qua cac chuang trinh, dy an, gop phan day manh phat trien kinh te - xa hdi, tao sy thay ddi rd ret bd mat ndng thdn mien nui, vung ddng bao dan tdc thieu sd Den nay, qudc Id 25 va cac tinh Id DT 645,
DT 641, DT 642, DT 643 da dugc dau tu nang cap mdt budc, trong dd cd qudc Id 25 ndi vdd tinh Gia Lai, tuyen DT 645 ndi vdi tinh Dik Lak va tuyen true dpc phia tay noi
3 huyen mien nui vdi tinh Binh Djnh va Dik Lak, 13 cdng trinh thuy lgi phuc vu tudd cho hon 11.000 ha dat gieo trdng da hoan thanh
va dua vao sii dung Viec Nha nude dau tu xay dyng cac nha may thuy dien Sdng Ba Ha (220MW), Krdng H'Nang (66MW), xay dyng 318 tram bien ap tdng dung lugng 42.163 KVA, 600 km dudng day ttung ap,
352 km dudng day ha ap da gdp phin lam thay ddi dien mao cdng nghiep d mien niii Phu Yen Den nay, 100% sd xa cd dien ludi qudc gia, vdd ty le hd su dung dien dat 90%
7 4 Sfi 802 (thang 8 nam 2009)
Trang 3Thuc tidn - Kinh nghiem T p p c h i c a n g s d n
Tinh xay dyng 2 ttam tiip phat sdng ttuyin
hinh, 32 dai, tram truyin thanh xa; d p phat
464 ti-vi, 5.635 ra-di-d, lip dat bd tiip sdng
truyin hinh cho "vung 16m" Hien nay,
100% sd xa da dugc phu sdng phat thanh,
truyen hinh, cd buu dien van hda, he thdng
thdng tin lien lac thdng sudt Tinh diu tu
nang cap, md rdng, xay mdi cac benh vien,
trung tam y tl huyen, tram y tl xa, cac nha
may cung d p nude sach tai thi trin 3 huyen
mien nui, he thdng cap nude sach va hang
tram gieng nude (ty le hd dan dung nude
sach la 54,3%); xay dyng 98 nha van hda
thdn, budn, tao dieu kien cho ddng bao cd
nod sinh boat Cac xa mien nui deu cd trudng
tieu hpe, trung bpc ca sd; cac huyen diu cd
trudng dan tdc ndi tiH; cum xa cd trudng ban
tni dan nudi
Dau tu phat trien ket cau ha ting ky thuat
va nang cao chat lugng cac hoat ddng kinh
te xa hdi da lam cho cdng tac giao due
-dao tao ngay cang di vao chieu sau Tdng sd
bpc sinh d dp tudi den trudng tren dia ban
mien nui cua tinh cd khoang 39.000 em
(ttong dd, bpc sinh dan tdc thilu sd la 11.500
em); ty le bpc sinh tieu bpc ttong dp tudi den
ttudng dat 95%, bac trung bpc co sd 80%,
9 V
trung bpc phd thdng 47%; co 3 huyen mien
nui dugc cdng nhan hoan thanh phd cap giao
due trung bpc ca sd Hien cd 346 sinh vien la
ngirdi dan tdc thieu sd bpc tai cac trudng dai
bpc, cao dang va nhieu bpc sinh bpc tai cac
trudng trung bpc chuyen nghiep, tnrdng day
nghe cila tinh Tu nam 2004 den nay, ngoai
chinh sach hd ttg cua Trung uong, hang nam
ngan sach cua tinh chi hon 270 trieu ddng hd
ttg tiin an cho bpc sinh trudng ban ttu, tiin
tau xe cho sinh vien ve nghi he, tet Uy ban
nhan dan tinh cd chinh sach thu hut giao vien
ve cdng tac tai cac huyen mien nui va vung
ddng bao dan tdc thilu sd Cdng tac dao tao, bdi dudng can bd ca sd ludn dugc chu trpng, din nay cd hon 3.500 lugt can bd dugc bdi dudng, 330 can bd dugc dao tao vl ly luan chinh tri, quan ly nha nude, ky thuat ndng, lam nghiep
Cac chuong trinh muc tieu qudc gia 134,
135, dinh canh, djnh cu triln khai cd kit qua; tinh da hd trg xay mdi 2.819 nha cho hd ddng bao dan tdc thilu sd, vdd tdng kinh phi 18.364 trieu ddng; d p 79.335m2 dit d cho
137 hd ngheo, 265,15 ha dit san xuit cho
761 hd; xay dimg 204 cdng ttinh d p nude sinh boat phuc vu 3.810 hd, vdi tdng kinh phi 15.718 trieu ddng thdng qua viec thuc hien tdt Chuong trinh 134 va Idng ghep vdi mdt
sd chuang trinh khac; xay dyng kit d u ha tang d cac xa dac biet khd khan vdd kinh phi 45.183 trieu ddng, d cac trung tam cum xa la 8.817 trieu ddng; td chuc djnh canh, djnh cu 1.998 hd, di gian dan 936 hd Tu nam 2005 den 2008, tinh da hd trg san xuat, ddi sdng, trg cudc, trg gia cac mat hang, cap khdng thu
tien sach giao khoa, va bpc sinh, vdd tdng
kinh phi 12,6 ti ddng
Song song vdi dau tu phat trien kinh te
-xa hdi mdt each ben viing, tinh tap trung chi dao cung cd xay dyng he thdng chinh tri co
sd viing manh, dap ung yeu cau nhiem vu ttong tinh hinh mdi Hien nay, 100% sd thdn, budn va tnrdng bpc tren dja ban deu cd chi
bd dang; dang vien la ngudd dan tdc thieu sd
cd 1.128 ngudi, chiem 5,3% tdng sd dang vien toan Dang bd tinh Viec xay dyng, thyc hien quy udc, huong udc, Quy che Dan chii
CO sd cd tien bd Nam 2007 cd 67,8% sd hd, 47% sd thdn, budn dugc cdng nhan dat chuan van hda Ban sac van hda cac dan tdc dugc bao tdn va phat huy Tinh td chuc tdt cac hdi nghj gia lang, trudng thdn, budn toan tinh,
Sfi 802 (thang 8 nam 2009) 75
Trang 4Thtre tidn - Kinh nghiem T p p c h i C ^ n g s d n
y V 9
gop phan day manh viec thyc hien nhiem vu
chinh tri tai ca sd
Qua mdt thdd gian tap trung lanh dao, chi
dao cua Tinh uy, cung vdi sy nd lye vuon len
cua chinh cac dia phuong, mien nui, vung
ddng bao dan tdc thieu sd cua tinh da cd
nhung chuyen bien tich eye Tuy nhien, ben
canh nhung chuyen bien tich eye dd van cdn
khdng it nhung ban che Dd la, trong san xuat
chat lugng, hieu qua va sue canh tranh cua
cac san pham vung mien nui cdn thap; tiem
nang chua dugc khai thac dung muc; cdn cd
sy chenh lech ve trinh dp phat trien giiia
mien nui va ddng bang; viec bao ve, phat
trien tai nguyen rung, khoang san cd mat
chua tdt; mdt sd cdng trinh thuy lgi, nude
sach chat lugng xay dyng chua bao dam; ty
le hd ngheo giam dang ke, nhung van cdn d
muc cao, nguy co tai ngheo cdn ldn; tinh
hinh an ninh chinh tri, trat ty an toan xa hdi
d mdt vai nod cdn tiem an mdt sd nhan td
phuc tap
De tiep tuc trien khai hieu qua cac chinh
sach ddi vdd mien nui, dan tdc tren dja ban,
trong thdd gian ten tinh tap trung thyc hien tdt
cac giai phap sau:
Chi dao, hudng dan cho cac cap uy so ket,
tdng ket cac nghj quyet Trung uong va Tinh
uy lien quan den phat trien mien nui, vung
ddng bao dan tdc thieu sd, rut ra bai bpc kinh
nghiem, tren co sd dd de ra cac giai phap sat
vdd thyc te dia phuong, tiep tuc chi dao thyc
hien tdt cac nhiem vu, muc tieu da de ra den
nam 2010 va cac nam sau Mat khac, tinh
thudng xuyen quan tam chi dao day manh
cdng tac tuyen truyen, giao due nang cao
nhan thuc, ttach nhiem cua ca he thdng chinh
tri va toan xa hdi ve vai trd, vi tri cua mien
nui va cdng tac dan tdc trong tinh hinh mdi;
day manh thuc hien cac nhiem vu phat trien
kinh te - xa hdi, xda ddi, giam ngheo, nang
cao muc sdng cua ddng bao dan tdc thieu sd; phdi hgp trien khai thyc hien hieu qua Chuong ttinh 135 (giai doan II) va Quylt dinh sd 134/2004/QD-TTg cua Thii tudng Chinh phu
Tinh tiep tuc huy ddng cd hieu qua cac ngudn lye tang cudng dau tu xay dtang ket cau ha tang, nhat la giao thdng va thuy lgi,
hd trg dieu kien san xuat cho ddng bao dan tdc thieu sd, nhu thudng xuyen md cac Idp tap huan chuyen giao tien bd khoa hpe - ky thuat, ung dung kinh nghiem vao san xuat, tung budc nang cao chat lucmg, hieu qua gieo trdng cac loai cay, con, nhanh chdng chuyen tinh trang san xuat ty tuc, ty cap cdn rod rdt lai d mdt sd vung sang san xuat hang hda, tao mpi dieu kien khdng chi giup ngudd dan thoat ngheo ma cdn cd the lam giau
Thu hut dau tu vao cac dy an trdng cao su, trdng rung, thuy dien, san xuat vat lieu xay dyng, che bien ndng, lam san, dich vu du lich nham tao ra nhirng tac ddng mang tinh ddng lye lam thay ddi nhanh ca cau san xuat
va tao viec lam cho ddng bao mien nui Sir dung tdt cac ngudn lue lao ddng de dau tu phat trien kinh te va cac ITnh vyc van hda - xa
h d i •' •
Tap trung day manh hon nira diu tu phat trien giao due, y te, van hda, bao dam qudc phdng an ninh khu vyc mien nui, vung ddng bao dan tdc thieu sd Chu trpng dac biet viec dao tao va su dung can bd tre ngudi dan tdc thieu sd da dugc chpn lya, quy hoach nham sdm cai thien trinh dp cua can bd trong he thdng chinh tri d ca sd Khdng ngimg nang cao nang lye lanh dao cua cac d p uy, nang lye dieu hanh cua chinh quyen cac d p , sy phdi hcrp cua Mat tran Td qudc va cac doan the nhan dan, phat huy cd hieu qua quyen lam chu cua nhan dan trong viec thyc hien cac nhiem vu chinh tri dja phuong •
7 6 S6 802 (thang 8 nam 2009)