Chu the quan ly va nang lUc dieu hanh cua hp sii dung nhUng Ivfc lUdng vat chat va tinh t h i n san cd de tac ddng bien ddi tvf nhien va xa hdi theo muc dich nhat dinh cd gia tri da[r]
Trang 1VAN HOA - LiCH SJ
NHAN TO CHU QUAN V6l VIEC BAO VE VA
PHAT HUY BAN sAc VAN HOA DAN TOC
TRONG HOI NHAP OUOC TE
hoa Viet Nam tien tien, dam
da ban sac dan tpc dUdc xac
dinh la nhiem vu cap bach va lau dai
trong chie'n lUdc phat trien kinh te
-xa hdi cua Viet Nam Budc vao thdi ky
hdi nhap da phUdng hda, da dang hda
cac mdi quan he giiia dan tdc va qud'c
te, van de xay dvfng nen van hoa mdi
dap vfng yeu d u phat trien chung cua
dat nUdc, hda nhap vdi khu vvfc va
qudc te lai cang cd y nghia quan
trpng TrUdc svf tac ddng ciia cd che
thi trUdng, cua md rdng hdi nhap qud'c
te va giao lUu van hda hien nay, nhieu
gia tri van hda dan tpc dang bi mai
mdt, pha trpn, lai cang, khdng cdn giii
dUdc ban sac Do vay, viec giU gin ban
sac van hoa dan tdc dang la chuyen
thdi svf ciia thdi dai va cung dang la
van de dUdc dat ra vdi Viet Nam
Ban sac van hda dan tdc la he gia tri
cac di san van hda, la nhUng kinh
nghiem dUdc con ngUdi tich liiy trong
qua trinh thich iing vdi tvf nhien, vdi
mdi trUdng ma hp dang sinh sd'ng; la
nhiing chuan mvfc trong iing xvf giiia
ca nhan vdi nhau, giiia ca nhan vdi
cdng ddng, giiia cdng ddng nay vdi cpng
ddng khac Dd la nhiing thdi quen
trong nep nghi, la nhiing tri thvfc da
tich liiy dUdc, la bieu tUdng, la niem
tin trong the gidi tinh than, dUdc trai
, , ' TS Nguygn Trong Tuan
Hgc vien Ky thuat Quan sU
nghiem trong lich sii, dUdc chuyen giao mdt each rat tvf nhien giiia cac the he ngUdi Ngay nay, xu the toan cau hda, qud'c te hda mpi mat cua ddi sd'ng xa hdi, da tao dieu kien cho cac qud'c gia, dan tdc tren the gidi cd hpi de phat trien kinh te, nang cao mvfc sd'ng va thu nhap, cd cd hdi giao luu va tao them nhieu gia tri van hda mdi lam giau them ban sac van hda ciia dan tdc minh Tuy nhien, hpi nhap kinh te qud'c te ciing da hUdng con ngUdi de'n Idl sd'ng thvfc dung, ca nhan, ich ky, me dam Idi ich vat chat va xu hudng lam giau khdng lanh manh Dieu nay d i n tdi phan hda giau ngheo, suy thpai dap dvfc ca nhan va gia dinh, gdp p h I n lam tang cac te nan xa hdi, sdi mdn van hda truyen thd'ng Trong qua trinh hdi nhap kinh te qud'c te, mdt sd' cac qud'c gia kem phat trien hi phu thupc vao cac nUdc giau, d i n tdi nguy cd hi ddng hda, danh mat ban sic van hda dan tdc, lam suy giam svfc manh dan tdc va
cd the dan den mat chu quyen qud'c gia Cho du nhin nhan tac dpng ciia qud'c te hda kinh te dUdi gdc dp tich ciic hay tieu ciic, thi chiing ta cd the khang dinh: qud'c te hda ma dinh cao cua nd
la toan c l u hda la mdt xu the khach quan khdng the dao ngUdc, nd da, dang va se tie'p tuc phat trien Van de
la, xu the khach quan nay dUdc diln ra
Trang 2thdng qua hoat ddng cd y thvfc ciia con
ngUdi - chii the ciia mpi hoat ddng Do
vay, ddi vdi mdi qud'c gia, de khdng hi
tut hau tren trUdng qud'c te, d n phai
phat huy cao dp nhan td' chu quan,
chuan bi td't ndi Ivfc, sang sud't trong
Ilia chpn dUdng di nUde bUdc, nhan
thvfc diing ban chat thdi dai, de han
che de'n mvfc thap nhat nhiing tac
ddng tieu ciic va hdi nhap thanh cdng,
tii dd khdng chi giii viing ma phat huy
tdi da dUdc ban sic van hda, khang
dinh dUdc he gia tri van hda rieng ciia
dan tdc minh Trong viec bao ve va
phat huy ban sic van hda dan tdc, vai
trd nhan to chii quan ludn giU mdt vi
the quan trpng, dUdc the hien tren cac
ndi dung sau:
Thd nhdt, vai trd nhan td' chii quan
giii gin phat huy ban sic van hda dan
tdc dUdc the hien trong chu trUdng
dudng Idl, chinh sach cua Dang Cdng
san Viet Nam
Nghi quyet Trung Udng nam (khda
Vni) Dang Cdng san Viet Nam ghi rd:
"Cdng nhan, ndng dan, tri thvfc, la
nen tang khdi dai doan ket toan dan,
ciing la nen tang cua svf nghiep xay
dvfng va phat trien van hda dUdi svf
lanh dao ciia Dang, quan ly ciia nha
nUdc" Nhu vay, svf nghiep xay dvfng
va phat trien van hda la svf nghiep
cua toan dan, trong dd td chvfc dang
vdi vai trd lanh dao chu chd't vach ra
phUdng hudng, chie'n lUdc, nhiem vu
va cic giai phap Idn de lanh dao, thvfc
hien thanh cdng cIc nhiem vu xay
dvfng va phat trien van hda theo diing
dinh hudng xay dvfng va phat trien
dat nUdc Cac hoat ddng lien quan tdi
van hda het svfc da dang va phvfc tap,
ddi hdi svf phdi hdp, thd'ng nhat chat
che cua cac td chiic, ddi hdi chii the
lanh dao phai cd p h i m chat dao dvfc,
tam huyet, tri thiic, trinh dp bao quit,
hieu biet sau rdng mpi mat ciia ddi
sd'ng xa hdi, cd kha nang tuyen truyen, van ddng, td chvfc cac liic lUdng xa hpi tao svfc manh tdng hdp Cac quyet sach phai dam bac svf hai hda, bien chiing giUa cac yeu td' Chinh tri - Van hda, Kinh te - Van hda, Dao dvfc - Van hda Tren thvfc te chiing ta thudng thay, mdt sd' nhUng tdn tai nhU: dudng Idl, chu trUdng, nghi quyet diing, nhUng khau td chvfc thvfc hien lai yeu kem Trinh dp ciia cac cap
uy dang, ban nganh, doan the chua dap vfng vdi yeu d u phat trien cua van hda, ciing nhU viec giai quyet nhUng mau thuan nay sinh giQa chu trUdng va thvfc tien quan ly ddi sd'ng van hda dan gian d cac dia phUdng
Do vay, vai trd lanh dao, chi dao ciia Dang va nha nUdc dUdc the hien trUdc het d svf ddng bd va tinh kha thi cua cac thie't che xa hdi Cac chinh sach ciia nha nUdc phai g i n vdi cac cd quan cdng quyen d dia phUdng, phai bam sat thvfc tien Vi hdn ai het hp la nhUng ngUdi am hieu ve hoan canh, con ngUdi, phong tuc tap quan d dia phUdng, tii dd cd nhUng phUdng phap
va each giai quyet phii hdp Bat cvf svf
"thUdng mai hda van hda" hay "hanh chinh hda van hda" deu dan tdi hau qua khdng cd Idi cho sii sang tao van hda Ngoai van de hoach dinh chinh sach, chu the lanh dao, chi dao cdn cd vai trd liia chpn, bdi dudng nang Ivfc can bd, va hinh thanh cd che phdi hdp, phan cdng nhiem vu cu the cho cac nganh theo quan he hang dpc, hoac hang ngang tvf trung Udng de'n dia phUdng dam bid tinh thd'ng nhat, chat che va hieu qua
Thd hai, vai trd nhan td' chu quan
giii gin, phat huy ban sic van hda dan tdc the hien trong quan ly, dieu hanh cua Nha nUdc va chinh quyen cac cap Hoat ddng phdi hdp quan ly, dieu hanh ciia Nha nUdc va cIc cap chinh
Trang 3quyen tvf Trung Udng de'n dia phUdng
trong tat ca cac linh vvfc cua ddi sd'ng
xa hdi, dac biet la ke heach dau tU,
phat trien kinh te - xa hdi cd anh
hudng rat Idn de'n sii nghiep xay dvfng
va phat trien van hda Chu the quan
ly va nang lUc dieu hanh cua hp sii
dung nhUng Ivfc lUdng vat chat va tinh
t h i n san cd de tac ddng bien ddi tvf
nhien va xa hdi theo muc dich nhat
dinh cd gia tri dac biet quan trpng
trong viec xay dvfng mdt mdi trUdng
van hda vdi he thd'ng gia tri chan,
thien, my, dam bao tinh sang tao,
tinh hieu qua cao trong tat ca cIc qua
trinh tvf quan ly, td chvfc, dieu hanh
cac hoat ddng kinh te, hoat ddng
chinh tri, dieu chinh quan he xa hdi,
chuan mvfc dao dvfc va mdt sd' phUdng
dien xa hdi khac theo tieu c h u i n nhan
van vdi quy md tvf td chiic gia dinh tdi
cpng ddng qud'c gia dan tdc
Trong thvfc te, tat ca cac phUdng
dien cua ddi sd'ng xa hdi deu n l y sinh
nhUng yeu td' van hda, de'n khi nhiing
gia tri van hda hinh thanh va phat
trien se lai tac ddng tdi cac phUdng
dien xa hdi theo nhUng mvfc dp nhat
dinh Do vay, vai trd cua chu the se
lam cho svf tUdng tac giiia van hda vdi
cac phUdng dien xa hdi cd xu hUdng
cvmg chieu, vvfa cd t i c dung lam giau
them cac gia tri van hda, vvfa tvfng
budc hoan thien cac phUdng dien xa
hdi ay theo tieu chuan tien bp cho con
ngUdi va vi con ngUdi Hdn nUa, trong
qua trinh phdi hdp boat ddng, chu the
quan ly dieu hanh ciing cd dieu kien
bdi dudng nang Ivfc cho ban than,
nang cao vai trd nhan td' chu quan,
dam bao tinh hieu qua trong hoat
ddng cua chu the trUdc nhiing ddi hdi
khach quan ' - i ;,.«', n i ; >; • ;x'.:r
Thd ba, vai trd nhan to' chii quan
giii gin, phat huy ban sic van hda dan
tdc the hien trong hoat ddng phdi hdp ciia cac td chiic doan the nhan dan Cac td chvfc doan the nhan dan bao gom: Hpi lien hiep phu nut, Doan
t h a n h nien, Hpi ndng dan, dvfng dIu
la Mat t r a n td qud'c Chii the phdi hdp cua cac td chiic doan the nhan dan, hoat ddng theo nguyen tac tvf nguyen,
da dang ve hinh thvfc, cd cau, pham vi
va ddi tUdng tac ddng NhUng chu the nay hoat ddng mang tinh chat xa hdi cao, tdng hdp nhieu yeu td' tvf chinh tri, tin ngUdng, nghe nghiep, trong pham vi qud'c gia va qud'c te Dudi svf lanh dao cua Dang, cac td chvfc doan the phdi hdp hoat ddng vdi nhau, vdi nha nUdc, vdi td chvfc chinh quyen, dac biet la vdi cac cd quan quan ly van hda cac cap, van ddng, thu hiit q u i n chiing nhan dan tao nen svfc manh tdng hdp, thvfc hien cac chUdng trinh kinh te, chinh tri, xa hpi, lam sd'ng day cac phong trao giii gin, phat trien cac gia tri van hda, sang tao van hda Trong hoat ddng phdi hdp cua cac
td chvfc doan the n h a n dan, vai trd nhan td' chu quan the hien trong cd che phdi hdp khoa hpc cua cac td chiic
va kha nang hoat dpng thvfc tidn ciia ban than mdi chu the Phat huy vai trd nhan td' chii quan la phat huy kha nang hieu bie't, n l m b i t cac dac diem cua ddi tUdng dUdc tac ddng, dac diem cua mdi trUdng ma trong dd ddi tUdng dUdc tac ddng dang sd'ng, hoat ddng
va chiu anh hudng triic tie'p G i n nhiing dieu dd vdi cac chu trUdng, dinh hudng cua dang va nha nUdc, svf dung hnh hoat, mem deo cac ky nang van ddng, thuyet phuc va ca dao dvfc each mang, phong each, Idl sd'ng cua chinh minh de t h u hiit q u I n chiing nhan dan t h a m gia triic tie'p vao cac hoat dpng kinh te^ chinh tri, xa hdi, giii gin va phat trien van hda
Trang 4Thd tu, vai trd nhan td' chii quan
giet gin, phat huy ban sic van hda dan
tdc the hien trong svf quan ly, hudng
d i n hoat ddng ciia nganh van hda
La cd quan hoat ddng chuyen trach
ve van hda, nen vai trd cua cac chii
the hpat ddng trong nganh van hda
thdng tin ddi vdi viec gii2 gin, phat
huy ban sic van hda dan tdc la rat
quan trpng - Vai trd ay the hien trong
nhiem vu tham mUu vdi cac cap uy
Ding, chinh quyen va doan the nhan
dan ve nhUng dinh hudng, giai phap
thvfc hien cd hieu qua cdng t i c van
hda thdng tin cap minh phu trach
Trong viec td chvfc hudng dan va trien
khai cac chu trUdng, dudng Idl, chinh
sach ve van hda ciia cap tren den tiing
dia ban cd sd, nhat la cac chinh sach
ve dai doan ket dan tdc, chinh sach
phat trien kinh te, xda ddi giam ngheo
va lam giau chinh dang Td chvfc
tuyen truyen va duy tri thudng xuyen
cac hoat ddng cua thie't che van hda,
thu hiit cac t i n g Idp nhan dan tham
gia sang tao, phd bien va hudng thu
cac gia tri van hda Td chiic hdi nghi
sd, tdng ket va thi dua khen thudng
trong pham vi dia ban mdt each kip
thdi Len ke hdach trang hi nhUng
phUdng tien phuc vu cho cac phong
trao boat ddng, xay dvfng dpi ngu can
bd la ngUdi dan tdc Khuye'n khich cac
ca nhan chii dpng tham nhap cdng
ddng, tim hieu phong tuc, tap quan va
tam ly dia phUdng, gay dvfng, tad nen
mdng chd phong trao tvf cd sd, tvf ban
than nhflng ngUdi chu di san
Thd nam, vai trd nhan to' chii quan
the hien trong tinh chii ddng, sang tao
cua quIn chiing nhan dan gifl gin,
phat buy b i n sic van hda dan tdc
Trong svf nghiep xay dvfng va phat trien van hda, chiing ta da khang dinh vai trd lanh dao cua Dang, vai trd quan ly dieu hanh cua nha nUdc
va cac doan the nhan dan xay diing mdi trUdng van hda, hd trd, td chvfc cac Ivfc lUdng vat chat va tinh t h i n
d n thie't, tao dieu kien cho quan chiing nhan dan phat huy vai trd chu ddng sang tao ciia minh trong cac linh vvfc van hda - xa hdi NhUng chu nhan thvfc svf ciia nen van hda dan tdc trong mpi thdi dai la quan chung nhan dan,
hp vfla la ngUdi sang tao ra cac gia tri van hda, viia la ngUdi hudng thu, luu truyen, gin gifl nhflng gia tri van hda
dd Tinh tich cvfc sang tao cua quIn chung nhan dan gan bd chat che vdi qua trinh lao ddng s i n xuat, vdi nhflng nhu c l u va Idi ich vat chat cua
hp Do vay, svf sang tao cua quIn chung nhan dan chinh la nhan to' cd ban ciia svf ten tai va phat trien ciia
xa hdi •
Tdi lieu tham khdo: <:•'•'• • • t;
1 Nguyen Duy Bic (2005), "Chinh sach phat trien van hoa cac dan toe thieu so' cf nU6c ta trong thdi
ky doi m6i" Thong tin Vdn hoa va phdt trien,
(5), tr.7-14
2 Huy Can (1994), Suy nghi ve ban sdc vdn hoa
ddn toe, Nxb Chinh tri quo'c gia, Ha Noi
3 Phan Hiiu Dat (1998), Mot so'van de vi ddn toe
hgc Viet Nam, Nxb Dai hoc Quoc gia, Ha Noi
4 Phan Ngoc (1998), Ban sdc vdn hoa Viet Nam,
Nxb Van hoa - Thong tin, H& Noi
5 Pham Dinh Nhin (2005), "Nang cao hdn nOa nang lUc noi sinh trong phat huy truyen tho'ng
van hoa dan toe", TU tudng - Vdn hoa, (11),
tr.31-33
6 Van kien Dai hoi Dang cong san Viet Nam khoa
v n i , IX, X.'
7 Dinh Thi Hoa (LV2006), Nhan to chu quan vai viec giii gin, phat huy ban sac van hoa dan toe Mudng tinh Phu Tho hien nay Hoc vien CTQG
Ho Chi Minh