Hieu qua do dugc khing djnh bing thanh (1945-1946), cung nhu trudc nhimg khd khan cdng trong nhiem vu xay dyng siic manh vat nghiet nga eiia hai cudc khang chiln khdng chat, tinh than [r]
Trang 1NQUreN LUONG BANQ NGU'ai CONG SAN M A U MU'C
PGS, TS PHAM HONG CHUONG*
Ddng chi Nguyen Luang Bdng
(1904-1979) thupc
ldp cdc chien si cdch
mang tien bdi, ngudi
hpe trd xudt sdc vd
la cdng su gdn giii
ciia Chu tich Hd Chi
Minh; nhd hoat dpng
cdch mang ndi tieng
cua Ddng, Nhd nudc
vd nhdn ddn Viet
Nam Trong gdn 60
ndm hoat dpng cdch
mang, ddng chi dd duac Dang vd Nhd nudc giao giic nhieu trpng trdch: Bp trudng
Bp Tdi chinh, Tdng Gidm ddc Ngdn hdng qudc gia Viet Nam, Dqi sir ddc menh todn quyen ddu tien cua nudc ta tai Lien Xd, Tdng Thanh tra Chinh phit Trudng Ban Kiem tra Trung uang Ddng: Uy vien du khuyet Ban Chdp hdnh Trung uang Ddng tic ndm 1944, Uy vien chinh thicc tic ndm 1945 cho den khi qua ddi; Phd Chit tich nudc nhicng ndm 1969-1979
Sudt cudc ddi hoat dpng cdch mang sdi ndi vd phong phd, du trong bdt cu hodn cdnh vd cucmg vi ndo, ddng chi Nguyen Luang Bdng (ddng chi vd bgn be thudng gpi bdng ten thdn thuang Sao Dd, Anh Cd) ludn tan tuy het long het sice phung su Ddng phung su Td qudc vd nhdn ddn, neu tdm gicang ngdi sdng vii dao dice cdch mgng
Dong chi Nguyen Luang Bdng (ngudi ngoi) trong dip Dqi hoi dai hieu toan qud'c Idn thuII cua Ddng tai chien khu \'iei Bde, thdng 2 ndm 1951
Hgc vien CT-HC Qudc gia Hd Chi Minh
Trang 21 Phai lam viec kiem sdng tir tudi nien Trong qua trinh do, ddng chi cung timg thieu, thau hieu ndi co eye ciia ngudi dan lao budc trudng thanh: Tir hgi vien ciia Hgi Viet ddng mat nude, lai san ed "mot tinh thin yeu Nam Cach mang Thanh nien, dugc ket nap nudc, mdt chi khi dan tgc" theo guong cac vao An Nam Cong san Dang (1929), trd thanh
"dng Tan Thuat, Ddc Tit, Phd Thuy, Hoang mdt trong nhung dang vien dau tien cua Dang Dieu dugc ddng chi Hd Timg Mau giae ngd, Cong san Viet Nam do lanh tu Nguyen Ai Nguyen Luong Bang da "sdm budc vao con Qudc sang lap Ddng chi Nguyen Luong Bang dudng hoat ddng each mang"' va trd thanh la mot chien sT tien phong dyng Dang, la "mot
mot trong nhung ngudi ddu tien cua Hdi Viet trong nhirng ngudi tham gia xay dyng Dang
Nam Cach mang Thanh nien vao miia Ddng ve chinh trj, tu tudng va td chiie" nhu Dang nam 1925, vdi sy chiirng kien eua ngudi sang ta da khang dinh
lap Hgi - ddng chi Nguyen Ai Qudc Khdng chi la mot trong sd nhung ngudi Ngay sau khi hoan thanh khda huan luyen "pha thach, khai son" thdi dyng Dang, ciia Hgi Viet Nam Cach mang Thanh nien do Nguyen Luong Bang cdn la ngudi tien phong Nguyen Ai Qudc true tiep giang day, miia he trong thuc hien mgi nhiem vu mdi ma Dang nam 1926, Nguyen Luong Bang xung phong ve giao phd: thye hien nhiem vu xay dyng tai chinh nudc hoat ddng de md rdng phong trao xudng cho Dang va Mat tran Viet Minh trong nhimg phia Nam theo chii truong cua ddng chi Nguyen nam thang khan truong chuan bj Cach mang
Ai Qude Luc hoat ddng d Hai Phdng, khi d Sai thang Tam; lanh dao cdng tac kinh te - tai ehinh Gdn hoac phai di chuyen hoat ddng den Quang ciia Dang trong khang chien ehdng thye dan Ddng hay Thugng Hai (Trung Qudc), Nguyen Phap va cung la ngudi diing dau cdng tae kiem Luong Bang la mdt trong nhiing ngudi tien fra ciia Dang Ddng chi la ngudi sang lap va la phong da td chiic thanh cdng viec dua va truyen Tdng Giam ddc Ngan hang Nha nudc, Dai sii
ba chil nghTa Mac - Lenin, tu tudng each mang dau tien d Lien Xd, Tdng Thanh tra Chinh phii ciia ddng chi Nguyen Ai Qudc vao Viet Nam dau tien
cung nhu xay dyng cac ca sd each mang cua 2 Ddng gdp ciia ddng chi Nguyen Luang Viet Nam Cach mang Thanh nien d trong nudc Bang khdng chi d cho la ngudi dau tien thye
va nudc ngoai Nguyen Luang Bang ciing la hien nhirng nhiem vu mdi ciia each mang ma ngudi tien phong tinh nguyen di vao phong trao chinh la hieu qua eiia nhirng nhiem vu ma
vd san hda, gdp phan thiic day sy ket hgp chu ddng chi da td chiic thye hien
nghla Mac - Lenin, tu tudng each mang Nguyen Hieu qua do dugc xae djnh bang viec ddng
Ai Qudc vdi phong trao cdng nhan va phong gdp vao sy chuyen hda mau chdng cua phong trao yeu nudc d nudc ta, day nhanh qua trinh trao each mang nudc ta dua tdi sy ra ddi cua van ddng tiln tdi thanh lap ddi tien phong ciia Dang khi ddng chi dugc thye hien nhiem vu to giai cip cdng nhan va dan tdc Viet Nam chiic truyen ba chu nghTa Mac - Lenin, tu
64 TAP CHi UCH SLF O A N G - S O 4/2009
Trang 3tudng Hd Chi Minh vao trong nudc va xay cdng cudc dyng xay va bao ve chi do mdi
dyng CO sd each mang d trong va ngoai nudc chua cd tiln le trudc thii trong giae ngoai
Hieu qua do dugc khing djnh bing thanh (1945-1946), cung nhu trudc nhimg khd khan
cdng trong nhiem vu xay dyng siic manh vat nghiet nga eiia hai cudc khang chiln khdng
chat, tinh than va td chiic cho Dang de tao nen can siic chdng giae ngoai xam va trong sy
nhimg thanh cdng ciia Cach mang thang Tam phiic tap ciia quan he qudc tl (1947-1975),
va trong hai cudc khang chiln md diu sy sup mdi thiy hit vai trd tien phong va nhiing cdng
dd chil nghTa thye dan cu va mdi tren pham vi hiln to Idn ciia ddng chi Nguyin Luong Bing
the gidi ddi vdi each mang nudc ta
Hieu qua dd dugc tinh bang niem tin ciia Dd chinh la kit qua ciia ca cudc ddi hgc tap
toan dan ddi vdi con dudng each mang Viet va thye hanh theo Ur tudng dao diic Hd Chi
Nam dugc xay dyng tir sy trong sach, viing Minh ma ngay tir khi tham gia Hdi Viet Nam
manh ciia Dang va Nha nudc - de nhan dan ta Caeh mang Thanh nien ddng chi Nguyin
yeu quy va tran trgng ggi la "Dang ta", "Nha Luang Bang da dugc chinh Nguyin Ai Qudc
nudc ta"- ma ddng chi Nguyen Luong Bang truyen giang Ngay nay, khi ddi chieu tir Tu
da gdp phan vdi tu each ngudi diing dau co cdch cua ngudi cdch mgng ma Nguyen Ai
quan kiem tra Dang va Thanh tra Chinh phii Qudc - Hd Chi Minh da chi ra theo ba mdi
Lam cho Dang trong sach, Nha nudc ta viing quan he vdi minh, vdi ngudi va vdi viec
-manh, thuc sy la Nha nude eiia dan, do dan, vi gdm 23 tieu chi trong trang dau cua sach
dan, ma tir do nhan dan ta cung tin tudng, quy Dudng Kdch menh, chiing ta eang thay ro hon
trgng, yeu min va tdn vinh nhifng nha lanh nhifng yeu td da lam nen chat cdng san, lam
dao eiia Dang va Nha nudc Lam cho dan tin, nen tinh tien phong, kien cudng va nhung
dan yeu Dang va Nha nudc la hieu qua, chien ddng gdp to Idn ctia ddng chi Nguyen Luong
cdng Idn nhit Bang vdi each mang nudc ta
Vdi y nghTa dd, tren cac cuong vj cdng tae, 3 Ljch sir ghi nhan nhifng cdng hien to Idn
ddng chi Nguyin Luong Bing da gdp phin to cua ddng chi Nguyen Luong Bang Nhung
Idn vao nhimg ky tich ciia Dang va dan tdc ta that la hilm cd va rit dae biet khi ddng chi cdn
trong thi ky XX mai luu truyin trong cac the he each mang hai
Dat vao tirng hoan canh lich sii, trong ten ggi: mdt bilu tugng cho y chi kien cudng
nhifng dilu kien hit siic khd khan, phuc tap cua ngudi cdng san- bi danh "Sao Dd"; mdt
cua qua trinh van dong ciia phong trao each "biiu tuang cua mdu mue, su trong sdng cua
mang khi Dang ta chua ra ddi (trudc nam tinh ddng chi, tinh anh em "- cai ten "Anh Ca"
1930) va trudc sy dan ap khdc liet cua chinh Day la dilu rit dae biet bdi trudc het dd
quyln thye dan ddi vdi each mang nudc ta chinh la sy tdn vinh va ngudng md cua nhimg
(trudc nam 1945), hay trong gian khd cua nha hoat ddng each mang ndi tiing ciing the he
TAP CHi LICH SLF D A N G - S O 4/2009 65
Trang 4Rat dae biet, vi sy tdn vinh va ngudng md
dd khdng ehi xuat phat tir nhiing chien cdng
ma bat dau chinh tir pham chat chat dao due
da trd thanh bieu tugng ciia ddng chi Nguyen
Luong Bang
Rat dae biet, bdi ddng chi la ngudi thye hanh
dao diic Hd Chi Minh, ndi di ddi vdi lam, ma
vdi mdt cu chi nhudng cho trong Chinh phii cho
nhirng nhan sT, Chii tjch Hd Chi Minh cung da
tran trgng ghi nhan: "Dd la mot mot cic chi ddng
khen, ddng kinh md chiing ta phdi hpe"
Ciing chinh vi vay, khi each mang thanh
cdng Dang ta trd thanh dang cam quyen, ddng
chi Nguyen Luong Bang da dugc trao cac trgng
trach de dam bao cho sy minh bach, trong sach
va doan ket eua Dang cung nhu ddng thdi dugc
trao nhung nhiem vu de dam bao cho sy trong
sach, virng manh diing vdi ban chat ciia Nha
nudc ciia dan, do dan, vi dan d nudc ta
Va vi the, Ddng chi khdng nhifng trd thanh
ngudi cdng sy tin cay ma cdn la ngudi tri ky
cua Chil tjch Hd Chi Minh
4 Cdng cude ddi mdi ma Dang ta khdi
xudng da xae dinh dugc Id trinh nhung sy
nghiep each mang vT dai dd cua ca dan tdc dang
diing trudc trudc khdng it nhung khd khan Tinh
hinh ay cang ddi hdi phai phat huy chii nghia
yeu nudc cua toan dan, ciia nhifng ngudi cdng
san vdi mdt y chi va quyet tam vd eiing to Idn,
dam nghT dam lam, md dudng ma di va chi cd
vay mdi thuc day sy nghiep ddi mdi di den
thang Igi Chiing ta cd the tim thay gia trj tinh
thin tien phong dd d ddng chi Sao Dd - Nguyen
Luong Bang, de dua sy nghiep ddi mdi ciia
Dang ta den dich
Cang tiln len phia truac ciia cudc each mang giai phdng con ngudi theo eon dudng each mang xa hgi ehu nghia, eang lam gian nan Dieu dd lam eho chiing ta ngay eang thau hiiu Ur tudng Hd Chi Minh ve sy can thiet phai xay dyng dao diic- cai goc cya ngudi each mang Va trong hanh trinh gian khd de di tdi thing lgi cua chii nghla xa hgi, chiing ta cang can hon bao gid het nhung tam guong thye hanh dao diic nhu ngudi Anh Ca -Nguyen Luong Bang
Cude sdng khdng ngimg van ddng va sy van ddng dd vdi van toe ngay cang cao lam cho mgi gia tri cd the thay ddi, nhung nhirng gia trj dao diic ciia ngudi each mang theo tu tudng Hd Chi Minh dugc hien thye hda vdi tam guong dao dirc ngdi sang nhu Nguyen Luang Bang mai la nhung gia trj can dat toi eua mdi ngudi each mang ehiing ta Chinh vi the Dang ta khang djnh: "Tam guong ciia ddng chi la gia trj tinh than mai tda sang ddi vdi nhieu the he nhiing ngudi cdng san va thanh nien ta, nhan dan ta Tinh than each mang, dao diic cdng san chu nghia ciia ddng chi la bat diet"''
1, 2 Anh Cd Nguyen Luang Bdng, CTQG, H,
2005 tr.21, 215
3, 4 Dieu vdn cua Ban Chap hanh Trung uong
Dang dua tien ddng chi Nguyen Luong Bing, Bao A^/2dHDd/;, ngay 24-7-1979