Dac biet sau hon 4 nam thye hien Nghi quyet sd 37-NQ/TW cua Bd Chinh tri va Quyet dinh sd 147/QD-TTg ciia Thu tudng Chinh phu, kinh te - xa hdi mien Tay Nghe An da cd budc phat trien[r]
Trang 1> Thuc tien - Kinh nflhiem T a p c h l C d n 9 sdn
at.- o*-'
NGHE AN TAP TRUNG PHAT TRIEN
KINH TE - XA HOI NANG CAO Ddi SONG
CAC DAN TOC 6 MIEN TAY
TRAN VAN HANG
Mien Tdy Nghe An cd vi tri chien luqc ddc Met quan trong ve chinh tri,
kinh te, vdn hda, qudc phdng, an ninh Nhiing ndm gdn ddy, ddi sdng cua
dong bdo ddn toe duqc cdi thien ddng ke, nhung vdn cdn khdng it khd
khdn Vi vay, ddi hdi Ddng bg vd nhdn ddn Nghe An tiep tuc tim ra nhieu
gidi phdp him hieu, tich cue phdn ddu, phdt trien kinh te - xd hqi theo
hudng ben vimg, khdng ngung ndng cao ddi sdng vat chdt, tinh thdn cho
nhdn dan
V y
, Tiem nang va loi the
Mien Tay Nghe An la mot trong ba vung
kinh te ddng lye ciia tinh dugc gan ket vdi
viing ddng bang ven bien, virng dd thi Toan
vOng CO 10 huyen va 1 thi xa vdi dien tich tu
nhien 13.709 km^, chiem 83,15% tdng dien
tich ty nhien cua tinh; dan so tren 1.131 nghin
ngudi, chiem 36,93% dan so ciia tinh (gdm 7
dan tpc: Thai, Thd, Kha Mu, Mdng, Dan Lai,
O Du va Kinh chung sdng vdi mat dp dan sd
trung binh 116 ngudi/km^); cd 419 km dudng
bien gidi, 4 cira khau vdi nude ban Lao; 4
dudng qudc Id ndi hanh lang kinh te Ddng
-Tay va dudng Hd Chi Minh, tao thuan Igi
trong giao thuong vdi Lao, virng ddng bac
Thai Lan va phat trien kinh te - xa hoi
Miln Tay Nghe An cung la viing giau tiem
nang phat triin kinh te rirng, du lich sinh thai
edng nghiep khoang san, xi-mang va thiiy dien; co tren 1.685.061 ha dat lam nghiep, 789.787 ha rirng ty nhien, 601.845 ha rirng trong, 32.000 ha cay cong nghiep dai ngay; co vudn qudc gia Pir Mat la khu vyc dy trir sinh quyen thu 6 ciia Viet Nam vdi tren 2.500 loai thye vat, 130 loai dong vat quy hiem nhu Sao
La, Hd, Thd van Trudng Son, 295 loai chim,
54 loai ludng cu va bd sat, 83 loai ca va 39 loai doi, ddng thdi day ciing la noi co tinh da dang ve van h6a dan tdc Idn nhat trong cac khu dy trir sinh quyen Viet Nam; co 113 vung
mo Idn va 171 dilm quang, nhieu khoang san quy nhu vang, thiec, man-gan, dac biet co trir lugng Idn da voi tren 4 ti tan, da trang tren
1 ti tan, da gra-nit 1,2 ti tan, va nhieu he
Uy vien Trung ircmg Dang, Bi thu Tinh uy Nghe An
S6 807 (thang 1 nam 2010) 6 5
Trang 2thong sdng sudi bat ngudn tu day Trudng Son
cd dp ddc Idn, rlt thuan lpi de phat trien cdng
nghiep xi-mang, thiiy dien (tren 1.200 MW)
va tao ra nhieu san pham edng nghiep khac
Thanh tmi dang phan khoi
Cd the ndi Nghe An chua thi giau manh,
an sinh xa hdi chua the viing chac, neu tiem
nang mien Tay chira dugc khai thac cd hieu
qua Nhan thirc r5 vi tri quan trpng trong tap
trung phat trien kinh te - xa hdi, nang cao ddi
sdng nhan dan cac dan tpc mien Tay cua tinh,
trong nhimg nam qua dugc su quan tam cua
Trung uong Dang, Chinh Phu, Qudc hdi, cac
bd, ban, nganh ciia Trung uong Dang bd va
nhan dan Nghe An da no lye phan dau va dat
dugc nhieu ket qua Dac biet sau hon 4 nam
thye hien Nghi quyet sd 37-NQ/TW cua Bd
Chinh tri va Quyet dinh sd 147/QD-TTg ciia
Thu tudng Chinh phu, kinh te - xa hdi mien
Tay Nghe An da cd budc phat trien kha toan
dien, cac tiem nang lpi the tung budc dugc
khai thac, ddi sdng nhan dan dugc nang len,
bd mat ndng thdn cd nhieu khdi sac Qudc
phdng, an ninh dugc giu vimg, trat ty an toan
xa hoi dugc bao dam Cdng tac xay dyng
Dang va he thong chinh tri co sd dugc ciing
CO va tang cudng
Tdc dp tang trudng GDP binh quan giai
doan 2005 - 2008 dat ll,8%o Co clu kinh tl
CO budc ehuyen dich tich eye va diing hudng,
giam ty trpng nong, lam, ngu nghiep tir 45,6%
nam 2005 xudng 39,47%c nam 2008, cdng
nghiep - xay dyng tang tir 28,2%) len 30,93%;,
cac nganh dich vu tang tvr 26,2%o len 29,59%
Thu nhap binh quan dlu ngudi tang tir 4,82
trieu ddng nam 2005 len 6 trieu ddng nam
2008
Day manh ehuyen dich co clu cay trdng,
mua vu, dua nhanh cac tiin bp khoa hpc - ky
thuat vao san xuat, nhat la cac tien bd ve gidng cay trdng, vat nuoi Co cau cay trong, vat nudi, miia vy cd sy ehuyen bien phd hgp hon vdi diiu kien sinh thai cua tiing viing va san xult hang hda Cac ndng, lam trudng dugc sap xep lai theo tinh than Nghi quyet so 28/NQ-TW cua Bd Chinh tri Bao dam an ninh luong thye, tdng san lugng luong thye nam 2008 dat 348.000 tin, myc tieu dat 354.284 tin vao nam 2010 Hinh thanh va phat triin cac virng cay nguyen lieu tap trung quy md Idn gan vdi cdng nghiep che bien, tao
ra nhieu hang hda xuat khau, nhu: mia 28.433
ha, che 6.730 ha, cao su 5.486 ha, cam 3.200 ha Chan nudi dugc phat trien theo hudng san xuat hang hda, nhat la chan nudi dai gia siic, ty le bd lai sind tang nhanh, dat ty le 40% tdng dan; hinh thanh nhieu md hinh kinh te
hd, kinh te trang trai phat trien chan nuoi, ke
ca trong virng ddng bao dan tdc Mdng, Kha Mii, Thai Cdng tac trdng, cham sdc va bao
ve rirng ngay cang dugc quan tam hon Hang nam dien tich rirng trdng mdi dat 8 - 10 ngan
ha, khoanh nudi, m bd riing 82 ngan - 85 ngan
ha, nang dp che phu rirng dat 53% nam 2008 Hau het cac san pham chii lye tren cac linh vyc cdng nghiep che bien ndng lam san, cong nghiep khai thac va chl biln khoang san, cdng nghiep vat heu xay dyng, tiiu, thu cong nghiep, lang nghi dlu dat kha Nam 2008 san lugng dudng kinh dat 130.000 tin, tang 27% so vdi nam 2005, bIng 72% myc tieu din nam 2010; da tring dat 270.000 tin, tang 54%) va dat 60%o muc tieu nam 2010; bdt gily dat 130.000 tin; xi-mang 150.000 tin; gach nung 30 trieu vien
Quan tam thye hien cd hieu qua cac ehinh sach dan tdc, mien niii; cac nganh dich vu -thuong mai timg budc dugc cung cd, dap irng dang ke nhu cau phat trien san xult va ddi sdng nhan dan Cac loai hang hda thiit yiu,
6 6 Sfi 807 (thang 1 nam 2010)
Trang 3Thuc tien - Kinh nghiem T a p c h i C d n g s d n
mat hang chinh sach dugc cung iing, tieu thy
kip thdi cho ddng bao dan tdc Gia tri hang
hda xult khau nam 2008 dat 25.000 USD,
tang 37%o so vdi nam 2005; toe dp tang
trudng binh quan nganh dich vy dat 12,2%
Ket cau ha tang dd thj dugc dau tu nang
cap va da phat huy hieu qua, nhat la ha tang
giao thdng, thiiy lpi, dien va nude sinh boat
Phat huy tdi da ndi lye, vdi phuong cham
"Nha nude va nhan dan cung lam", ciing vdi
sy hd trg ciia Trung uong, tinh da tap trung
dau tu vao cae edng trinh, dy an Idn, tipng
diem nhu qudc Id 7, qudc Id 533, tinh Id 598,
dudng phia tay Nghe An, dudng Chau Thdn
-Tan Xuan, qudc Id 15, qudc Id 46 tu dudng
Hd Chi Minh di cua khau Thanh Thiiy, dudng
vao trung tam cac xa, dudng tuan tra bien
gidi, xay dyng, nang cap 939 cdng trinh
thiiy lpi vua va nhd, 8.316 km kenh ehinh,
1.556 km kenh cap 3, 183 edng trinh nude
sinh boat Hoan ehinh quy hoach ludi dien,
nang cdng suat cac tram bien the phat trien
ludi dien 35 KV, 22KV sau tram 110 KV din
cac xa cd dieu kien, xay dyng 49 tram bien ap
100 KVA va dau tu nhieu cdng trinh dien,
thiiy dien quan trpng Thanh lap thi xa Thai
Hda; trien khai de an thanh lap thi xa Con
Cudng, nang cap dd thi Nghia Binh (Nghia
Dan), Sdng Dinh (Quy Hgp), quy hoach, md
rong cac thi tran trung tam huyen ly d cac
huyen Anh Son, Tan Ky, Quy Hgp, Quy
Chau, Qui Phong, Tuong Duong, Kit clu
ha ting xa hdi dugc tang cudng, ea ban xda
toan bd nha tranh tre, nira la; 10% phdng hpc
dugc kien ed; hinh thanh 2 trudng trung cap
nghi vung Tay BIC va Tay Nam; trien khai
xay dyng benh vien da khoa khu vyc Tay Bac
250 giudng benh, Tay Nam 150 giudng voi
tdng vdn dlu tu tren 45 ti ddng, trung tam y
tl cac huyen Ky Son, Tuong Duong, Anh
San, Thanh Chuong, Tan Ky, Qui Phong,
Quy Chau, Quy Hgp dugc dau tu nang clp tir ngudn vdn trai phieu Chinh phu tren 70 ti dong; he thong thong tin, truyen thdng, cac trung tam van hoa huyen, thi da quy hoach va chuan hi dau tu
Van hda - xa hoi mien Tay Nghe An cd budc phat trien mdi Giao dye - dao tao dugc quan tam va co mat ehuyen bien Co sd vat chat, mang ludi trudng Idp, dpi ngii can bp, giao vien dugc tang cudng, xda phong hpc tranh tre nua la, cd 70% phdng hpc kien cd hoa, thu hiit 60% tre em den nha tre, phd cap tieu hpc va trung hpc co sd d tat ca cac huyen trong vung Cdng tac bao ve, cham sdc sue khde nhan dan dugc thye hien tich eye, mang ludi y te co sd dugc dau tu va phan bo den cac virng dan cu, ty le xa cd bac si tang tu 30% nam 2005 len 65%o nam 2008, ty le tiem chiing cho tre dudi 1 tudi dat 95% Cong tac x6a ddi, giam ngheo, xda nha tranh tre tam bg cho ddng bao dan tpc dat ket qua kha, giam ty
le hp ddi ngheo tir 40,13%o nam 2005 giam xuong con 27,3%) nam 2008 Hoat ddng van hda, thong tin, the due the thao c6 nhieu khdi sac, cac huyen deu co dai phat thanh va truyen hinh, cac xa c6 may thu thanh sdng
FM Ty le hd dugc nghe dai dat 90% (nam
2008), xem truyin hinh dat 15% Chuong
trinh truyen thanh bang tieng dan tpc (Mong, Thai) da phat trien ea ve thdi lugng va chat lugng Phong trao toan dan doan ket xay dyng ddi sdng van hda dugc day manh, ban sac van hoa cac dan tdc dugc phat huy, mot so hii tuc, tap quan lac hau dugc ban che Ty le gia dinh van h6a dat tren 65%", c6 48%) so xa cd thiet che van hda - thong tin - the thao »""'.' Nhiem vu bao ve chii quyen an ninh bien gidi dugc tang cudng Timg budc ban che dugc hien tugng di dich cu trai phep Tap trung phong ngira va dau tranh vdi toi pham
va te nan ve ma tiiy Chuong trinh phat trien
S6 807 (thang 1 nam 2010) 67
Trang 4kinh tl kit hgp vdi qudc phdng dugc phat
triin, xay dung va cung cd khu vyc phdng thu
cap tinh, huyen Duy tri va phat trien tdt moi
quan he hiin nghi dac biet Viet - Lao Qudc
phdng, an ninh dugc giir vung, trat ty an toan
xa hdi dugc bao dam
He thdng ehinh tri ca sd dugc cung cd va
dat nhieu ket qua Tinh da tap trung ciing cd
cac CO sd yeu kem, tich eye phat trien dang
vien d cac xa dong bao dan tpc thieu sd, tang
cudng dao tao, bdi dudng can bp co sd, can bd
nu, can bd dan tdc Tunam 2005 den nay, tinh
da dao tao ngan ban cho 4.763 ngudi, trung
cap ehuyen mdn 832 ngudi, dai hpc 274
ngudi, trung cap chinh tri 613 ngudi; phat
trien 22 chi bd, ket nap 8.197 ngudi vao
dang, Ben canh edng tac dao tao, tinh tap
trung lam tdt cong tac quy hoach, bd nhiem
va luan ehuyen can bd, nhat la thye hien cd
hieu qua chii truong tang cudng si quan bien
phdng ve lam bi thu, ph6 bi thu dang iiy cac
xa bien gidi, tiep nhan sinh vien tdt nghiep
cac trudng dai hpc cao dang ve xa cdng tac
Tinh da luan ehuyen 10 can bd cua tinh ve cac
huyen mien niii, huyen tang cudng 66 can bd
ve cac xa kh6 khan, tang cudng 19 si quan
bien phdng ve 19 xa vung bien gidi, tiep nhan
563 sinh vien ve cdng tac d xa, Chinh quyen
cap xa da ddi mdi phuong thirc quan ly, dieu
hanh, cac phong trao cua quan chiing da dugc
khai day, gdp phan phat trien kinh te - xa hdi
va xda ddi, giam ngheo d dia phuong
Giai phap vwrt qua nhimg kho
khan, thu thach
Mien Tay Nghe An la viing ddi, mii rdng
Idn, dia hinh hiem trd, hi chia cIt bdi nhiiu
song sudi, thudng xuyen bi thien tai, lu lyt;
xuat phat diem ve kinh tl - xa hoi thlp, thuln
ndng, trinh dp canh tac lac hau; kha nang huy
ddng ndi lye ban chl, thu hiit dlu tu trong ya ngoai nude cdn rat ban che Den nay mien Tay Nghe An vln cdn nhiiu khd khan Kinh
te mien mii phat trien khdng ddng deu va thiiu viing chic, ca cau kinh te tuy cd ehuyen dich dung hudng nhung cdn cham; ket cau ha ting cdn nhiiu bit cap Chat lugng giao due -dao tao cdn thap, tinh trang hpc sinh bd hpc cdn diln ra; te nan xa hdi, nhat la mua ban, van chuyin, su dyng ma tiiy, di dich cu trai phep van cdn phirc tap; phong tyc tap quan lac hau van cdn kha nang ne d nhieu noi Tinh hinh an ninh bien gidi, an ninh viing giao, virng dan tdc van cdn tiem an nhimg yeu to phirc tap, de gay mat dn dinh Dpi ngQ can bp
CO sd chua dap ung yeu cau, can bd dugc dao tao cdn han che; dao tao nghe, xuat khau lao ddng, giai quyet viec lam van cdn khdng it khd khan, ty le hd ngheo cdn cao; ddi sdng vat chat va tinh than ciia ddng bao cae dan tpc mien niii, nhat la cac xa virng sau, vung xa cdn nhieu khd khan
Nghe An dang tap trung lanh dao, chi dao, phan dau dat myc tieu theo De an da dugc Thii tudng Chinh phu phe duyet la: "Dua mien Tay Nghe An thoat khdi tinh trang kem phat trien, ddi sdng vat chat va tinh than cua ddng bao dan tdc dugc nang cao, dac biet la ddng bao dan tdc viing sau, bien gidi; day lui cac te nan xa hdi; bao ve tdt qudc phdng an ninh bien gidi va mdi trudng sinh thai ben virng" De nhanh chdng dat dugc nhirng muc tieu dd, trong thdi gian tdi, Nghe An tap trung vao mdt sd giai phap chu yeu sau day:
Mot la, de cao trach nhiem cua cap uy,
chinh quyen, tang cudng lanh dao, chi dao, kiem tra, ddn ddc, Idng ghep thye hien co hieu qua cac chuong trinh, dy an; xu ly kip thdi nhirng van de ach tac theo thim quyen, day nhanh tien dp thye hien cac dl an, dy an theo Quyit dinh sd 147/2005/QD-TTg ciia Thu tudng Chinh phii; tap trung chi dao, diiu
6 8 SO 807 (thang 1 nam 2010)
Trang 5Thuc tiin - Kinh nghiem T a p c h i C d n g s d n
hanh thye hien ed hieu qua Quyit dinh sd
27/2008/QD-TTg ngay 5-2-2008 vl viec ban
hanh mot so co chl, chinh sach hd trg phat
trien kinh te - xa hdi den cac tinh virng trung
du va mien ndi BIC Bp din nam 2010
Hai la, tap trung day manh cdng tac
khuyen nong, xay dyng va nhan rong cac mo
hinh, khao nghiem de khlng dinh cac cay,
con cd hieu qua kinh te cao Dly manh iing
dung cac tien bd khoa hpc - ky thuat, tdng kit,
danh gia phat trien ndng nghiep d tung tieu
vung de c6 dinh hudng phat triin, chii trpng
phat trien cae san pham truyen thong co gia
tri kinh te cao Thye hien tot cae bien phap vl
ky thuat, bao dam nude tudi, vat tu, phan bdn
va cong tac phdng trir sau benh cho cay trdng,
vat nudi; chii ddng phong chdng, khac phuc
ban che, giam nhe hau qua thien tai
Ba Id, ra soat, bd sung co che chinh sach,
uu tien ngudn von va cd giai phap cu the dl
dat va vugt cac chi tieu theo Quyet dinh so
147/2005/QD-TTg cua Thu tudng Chinh phu;
chinh sach uu tien de thu hiit dau tu, huy ddng
toi da cac ngudn lye de phat trien ket cau ha
tang nong thon, nhat la giao thdng gan vdi
quoc phdng, an ninh
Bdn Id, tang cudng sy lanh dao, chi dao
cua cac cap uy, chinh quyen dia phuong nham
thye hien co hieu qua cac chinh sach dan tdc
va mien niii Day manh cdng tac x6a doi,
giam ngheo, xda nha tranh tre tam bg cho
dong bao dan tdc Trien khai thye hien co
hieu qua Nghi quyet so 30, 30a/NQ-CP cua
Chinh phii ve giam ngheo nhanh va ben viing
d cac huyen Ky Son, Tuong Duong, Que
Phong
Ndm Id, day manh cai each hanh chinh;
tang cudng quan ly nha nude ve tai nguyen
khoang san, xay dyng co ban , kip thdi thao
gd khd khan cho doanh nghiep, nha dau tu ve
CO che ehinh sach, tai chinh tin dyng, dat dai
thii tuc hanh ehinh, tao dieu kien thuan lpi cho doanh nghiep phat trien Ciing cd va xay dyng he thong chinh tri co sd vimg manh; day manh phong trao toan dan doan kit xay dyng ddi sdng van hoa, x6a bd cac tap tuc lac hau; bao dam quoc phdng, an ninh, trat ty an toan
xa hdi
Sdu Id, tap trung lam tdt cdng tac tu tudng
trong dpi ngii can bp, dang vien; tuyen truyen pho bien, quan triet sau sac chi thi, nghi quyet, chinh sach mdi cua Dang va Nha nude den vdi cac tang Idp nhan dan; ehuyen manh Cuoc van ddng "Hpc tap va lam theo tim guong dao dire Ho Chi Minh" sang hudng lam theo co hieu qua, thiet thye Lam tot cong tac dao tao nguon nhan lye, nhat la dao tao, boi duong can bd ea sd, can bp dan tdc, can
bd nir Chuan bi tdt noi dung, nhan sy cho dai hdi Dang cac cap Quan tam cong tac phat trien Dang, chii trpng cong tac bao ve chinh
tri noi bp
Bay Id, thye hien tdt chuong trinh kiem tra,
giam sat cua cap iiy va uy ban kiem tra da de
ra, quan tam giai quyet don thu khieu nai, to cao ciia cong dan Tiep tuc chi dao thye hien cac chuong trinh, de an, ke hoach thye hien Nghi quyet Trung uong 7 (khoa IX) ve phat huy sire manh dai doan ket toan dan tdc; vl cdng tac dan tpc; ve cong tac ton giao, Nghi quyet sd 11-NQ/TU cua Ban Thudng vu Tinh
uy ve "Tang cudng cong tac van dong quan chiing trudc yeu cau mdi" Cham lo xay dyng Mat tran To quoc, doan the nhan dan va he thong chinh tri ca sd viing manh, phat huy vai trd dai dien quyen lam chu cua nhan dan
Tdm Id, khan truong tong ket, danh gia 5
nam thye hien De an Phat trien kinh te - xd hoi
mien Tdy Nghe An din ndm 2010 Bo sung,
dieu ehinh quy hoach phat trien kinh te - xa hoi mien Tay giai doan 2 den nam 2020, trinh Chinh phu phe duyet •
So 807 (thang 1 nam 2010) 69