Test bank for microbiology with diseases by taxonomy 3rd edition by bauman

2 3 Which of the following statements about algae is FALSE?. 7 8 Which of the following statements concerning Kochʹs postulates is FALSE?. 10 11 Which of the following questions largely

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Name _

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Antoni van Leeuwenhoek was the first person in history to

A) develop a taxonomic system

B) use a magnifying glass

C) disprove spontaneous generation

D) view protozoa and bacteria

E) prove the germ theory

1)

2) The microbes commonly known as are single-celled eukaryotes that are generally

motile

2)

3) Which of the following statements about algae is FALSE?

A) They are a source of food for aquatic and marine animals

B) The group includes seaweeds and kelps

C) They are important in the degradation of dead plants and animals

D) They are photosynthetic organisms

E) They provide most of the oxygen on Earth

3)

4) Microbes that can live in the presence or absence of oxygen are called

A) prokaryotes

B) anaerobes

C) obligate parasites

D) facultative anaerobes

E) archaea

4)

5) Which of the following scientists provided evidence in favor of the concept of spontaneous

generation?

A) Redi

B) Pasteur

C) Buchner

D) Spallanzani

E) Needham

5)

6) The microbial production of alcohol from sugar is known as

A) antisepsis

B) abiogenesis

C) pasteurization

D) metabolism

E) fermentation

6)

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7) Which of the following statements about fungi is FALSE?

A) Fungi are photosynthetic

B) Fungi are eukaryotes

C) Molds form hyphae

D) Fungi have a cell wall

E) Yeast are unicellular

7)

8) Which of the following statements concerning Kochʹs postulates is FALSE?

A) A suspected pathogen must be found in the majority of individuals with a particular disease B) A suspected pathogen must be able to be grown in the laboratory

C) Kochʹs postulates cannot be used to demonstrate the cause of all diseases

D) Kochʹs postulates involve the experimental infection of susceptible hosts

E) All of Kochʹs postulates must be satisfied before an organism can be proven to cause a

particular disease

8)

9) Which of the following individuals pioneered the use of chemicals to reduce the incidence of

infections during surgery?

A) Snow

B) Semmelweis

C) Ehrlich

D) Lister

E) Nightingale

9)

10) The study of the bodyʹs defenses against pathogens is called

A) etiology

B) immunology

C) epidemiology

D) chemotherapy

E) molecular biology

10)

11) Which of the following questions largely stimulated the research of microbes during what is

known as the Golden Age of Microbiology?

A) Is spontaneous generation of microbes possible?

B) What causes disease?

C) What causes disease, and is spontaneous generation of microbes possible?

D) How are microbes related?

E) How do genes work?

11)

12) The microbial activity of is responsible for the production of various foods

A) archaea

B) fungi

C) protozoa

D) bacteria

E) both fungi and bacteria

12)

13) Who was the scientist who first hypothesized that gene sequences could provide new insights into evolutionary relationships between organisms such as microbes?

13)

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14) Work by laid the foundations of the field of environmental microbiology.

A) Beijerinck and Winogradsky

B) Pauling and Woese

C) Lister and Semmelweis

D) Koch and Pasteur

E) Redi and Spallanzani

14)

15) According to Kluyver and van Niel, which of the following are true of basic biochemical reactions? A) Basic biochemical reactions shared by all living things primarily involve transfer of electrons and hydrogen ions

B) There are an unlimited number of them

C) They are shared by all living things

D) They primarily involve transfers of chemical groups

E) They primarily involve the transfer of electrons and ions

15)

16) Semmelweis advocated handwashing as a method of preventing which of the following diseases? A) puerperal fever

B) anthrax

C) smallpox

D) cholera

E) syphilis

16)

17) Paul Ehrlich used chemotherapy to treat

A) anthrax B) smallpox C) cancer D) syphilis E) cholera

17)

18) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of viruses?

A) They are smaller than prokaryotic cells

B) They are visible with a light microscope

C) They are composed of genetic material and protein

D) They are obligatory parasites

E) They are acellular

18)

19) The first true vaccine protected against disease caused by a pathogen

19)

20) All of the following individuals were involved in improving public health in the 19th century

EXCEPT

A) Spallanzani

B) Lister

C) Semmelweis

D) Snow

E) Nightingale

20)

21) Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an example of which of the following types of microbes?

A) virus

B) fungus

C) protozoan

D) alga

E) prokaryote

21)

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22) Inserting a gene from the hepatitis B virus into yeast so that the yeast produces a viral protein is an example of

A) microbial genetics

B) genetic engineering

C) gene therapy

D) etiology

E) immunology

22)

23) Which of the following was NOT an aspect of Pasteurʹs experiments to disprove spontaneous

generation?

A) He boiled the infusions to kill any microbes present

B) The flasks he used were sealed with corks

C) The flasks were incubated for very long periods of time

D) The flasks were free of microbes until they were opened

E) The necks of the flasks he used were bent into an S-shape

23)

24) Proteins that promote chemical reactions in the cell are called

24)

25) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of protozoa?

A) They are single-celled organisms

B) They frequently possess cilia or flagella

C) They are eukaryotic organisms

D) Most exhibit asexual reproduction

E) They are the microbes most similar to plants

25)

26) Which of the following scientists was the first to develop a taxonomic system for classifying

organisms?

A) Linnaeus

B) Needham

C) Pasteur

D) Lister

E) Leeuwenhoek

26)

27) Which of the following is NOT an observation Pasteur made concerning the fermentation of grape juice?

A) Pasteurization kills yeast to prevent spoilage of grape juice

B) Yeast cells can grow and reproduce in grape juice

C) Bacteria produce acid in grape juice

D) Yeast can grow in sealed or open flasks of grape juice

E) Yeast can grow with or without oxygen

27)

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28) Put the following events in the history of microbiology in order, from the earliest to the latest:

I. Leeuwenhoek observes microbes using a microscope

II. Pasteur disproves spontaneous generation

III. Woese discovers the archaea

IV. Fracastoro proposes that ʺgermsʺ cause disease

V. Ehrlich discovers the first ʺmagic bullet.ʺ

A) IV, I, II, V, III

B) V, IV, I, III, II

C) III, IV, I, II, V

D) IV, I, V, II, III

E) III, V, II, IV, I

28)

29) John Snowʹs research during a cholera outbreak in London laid the foundation for which of the

following branches of microbiology?

A) epidemiology

B) infection control

C) immunology

D) infection control, epidemiology, and immunology

E) both infection control and epidemiology

29)

30) Robert Koch was involved in research on all of the following topics EXCEPT

A) the cause of fermentation

B) the cause of anthrax

C) development of a method to prove the cause of an infectious disease

D) techniques for isolating microbes in the laboratory

E) the cause of tuberculosis

30)

31) Which of the following is an INCORRECT pairing?

A) algae: aquatic and marine habitats

B) protozoa: multicellular

C) viruses: acellular parasites

D) fungi: cell walls

E) prokaryotes: no nuclei

31)

32) What was the first disease proven to be bacterial in origin?

A) cholera

B) anthrax

C) tuberculosis

D) yellow fever

E) malaria

32)

33) The work of Lister, Nightingale, and Semmelweis all contributed to controlling infectious disease

by

A) developing methods for reducing nosocomial infections

B) identifying the sources of infectious agents

C) determining the taxonomic relationships among microbes

D) developing techniques for isolating pathogens

E) developing vaccines

33)

34) Who discovered penicillin?

34)

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35) All of the following were involved in developing the germ theory of disease EXCEPT

A) Pauling

B) Fracastoro

C) Pasteur

D) Snow

E) Koch

35)

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

Match the terms with the appropriate description:

A) Antisepsis

B) Prokaryote

C) Pathogen

D) Bioremediation

E) Abiogenesis

F) Nosocomial

36) Microorganisms characterized by the absence of a nucleus 36)

38) Refers to an infection acquired in a health care setting 38)

Match the terms with the appropriate definition:

A) Epidemiology

B) Biotechnology

C) Bioremediation

D) Chemotherapy

E) Serology

F) Biochemistry

G) Molecular biology

H) Etiology

41) The use of microorganisms to restore damaged environments 41)

43) The study of the occurrence, distribution, and spread of disease 43)

44) The study of the chemical reactions associated with living things 44)

45) The use of microbes in the manufacture of useful products 45)

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46) The taxonomic scheme developed by Linnaeus remains largely unchanged in modern biology 46) 47) Christian Gram devised a staining technique that divides all bacteria into two groups 47) 48) The production of human blood-clotting factor by E. coli is an example of bioremediation 48) 49) Walter Reed proved that a virus causes yellow fever in humans 49) 50) Gene therapy is a modern approach to preventing infectious disease 50) 51) Kochʹs postulates can be used only to prove the causes of infectious diseases 51)

52) Joseph Lister reduced the incidence of wound infections in health care settings by using

chlorinated lime water

52)

53) Robert Koch developed a vaccine to prevent anthrax after identifying the causative agent 53)

55) Lazzaro Spallanzani was the first scientist to provide evidence disproving the spontaneous

generation of microorganisms

55)

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

57) A cell that contains a nucleus is called a(n) cell 57)

58) A(n) organism makes its own food using solar energy 58)

59) Microbes that cause infectious disease are called 59)

60) is an asexual method of reproduction associated with yeasts 60)

61) A(n) is a potential explanation for a set of observations made by a scientist

studying a phenomenon

61)

62) Bacteria that can live without oxygen are termed 62)

63) Robert Koch discovered the cause of , a disease of animals that can be spread to

humans

63)

64) A(n) is a mass of cells that are descended from a single cell through successive

cell divisions

64)

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65) The first true vaccine provided protection from disease caused by a(n) 65)

66) Ignaz Semmelweis demonstrated the importance of as a means of preventing

disease transmission

66)

67) , a term synonymous with immunization, is derived from the Latin name of the

cowpox virus

67)

68) is the use of chemicals to treat diseases such as bacterial infections 68)

69) Organisms such as bacteria that can convert atmospheric nitrogen into nitrate are often

studied in microbiology

69)

70) The of an organism is all the chemical reactions that take place in the organism 70)

ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.

71) Explain why there was such a long period of time between the era of Leeuwenhoekʹs work and the beginnings

of the Golden Age of Microbiology

72) Biotechnology can be said to have ancient roots. Explain

73) Use the basic steps of the scientific method to describe Pasteurʹs experiments to investigate spontaneous generation

74) Explain how the discipline of biochemistry grew out of the science of microbiology

75) Compare and contrast the three types of eukaryotic microbes

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Testname: UNTITLED1

1) D

Bloomʹs Rank: Knowledge

Section Title: The Early Years of Microbiology

2) A

Bloomʹs Rank: Comprehension

3) C

4) D

Section Title: The Golden Age of Microbiology

5) E

6) E

7) A

8) A

Bloomʹs Rank: Application

9) D

10) B

11) C

12) E

13) B

Section Title: The Modern Age of Microbiology

14) A

15) A

16) A

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Testname: UNTITLED1

17) D

18) B

19) A

20) A

21) B

22) B

23) B

24) A

25) E

26) A

27) A

28) A

Bloomʹs Rank: Analysis

29) E

30) A

31) B

32) B

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Testname: UNTITLED1

33) A

Section Title: Golden Age of Microbiology

34) E

35) A

36) B

37) A

38) F

39) C

40) H

41) C

42) E

43) A

44) F

45) B

46) FALSE

47) TRUE

48) FALSE

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