TỔNG hợp, PHÂN TÍCH các DẠNG cấu TRÚC THƯỜNG gặp TRONG kỹ NĂNG VIẾT CHUYỂN đổi và nối câu – bài THI NGOẠI NGỮ

Trong hai năm học gần đây, hình thức thi trung học phổ thông quốc gia thay đổi, thời gian làm bài thi, khối lượng kiến thức cũng thay đổi. Trong quá trình công tác giảng dạy, thông qua việc cho học trò làm bài tập, giải đề và phỏng vấn các em tôi nhận thấy rằng hầu hết các em đều thiếu kỹ năng viết chuyển đổi câu và kết hợp câu trong bài thi Ngoại ngữ đề thi THPTQG. Hơn nữa các dạng bài tập thực hành vận dụng kiến thức viết chuyển đổi câu có thể dễ dàng được tìm thấy trong cấu trúc đề thi THPTQG xét tốt nghiệp và đại học, đề thi HSG các cấp; đề thi IELTS; TOEFL; TOEIC, v.v... Ngoài ra, trong cuộc sống hàng ngày, kỹ năng viết đóng vai trò quan trọng trong viết văn; trong giao tiếp hằng ngày bằng tiếng Anh, người viết bắt buộc phải sử dụng lối viết đầy đủ và chính xác. Như vậy có thể nói đây là ngữ pháp trọng điểm trong chương trình tiếng anh THPT. Là một giáo viên trực tiếp giảng dạy và đồng hành cùng các em lớp 12 trong quá trình ôn thi THPTQG , tôi muốn giúp các em học sinh đặc biệt là đối tượng học sinh thi khối D thực hiện tốt kỹ năng làm bài kỹ năng viết, đạt được số điểm tối đa(1,0điểm) phần viết chuyển đổi câu và nối câu trong bài thi Ngoại ngữ. Chính vì vậy, tôi đã tham khảo các tài liệu liên quan, thầy cô, đồng nghiệp, bạn bè,......nghiên cứu chuyên đề “ TỔNG HỢP, PHÂN TÍCH CÁC DẠNG CẤU TRÚC THƯỜNG GẶP TRONG KỸ NĂNG VIẾT CHUYỂN ĐỔI VÀ NỐI CÂU – BÀI THI NGOẠI NGỮ ”

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PHẦN I: MỞ ĐẦU

1 Lí do chọn chuyên đề

Trong các giai đoạn phát triển của thế giới, ngoại ngữ, đặc biệt là Tiếng Anhđóng vai trò vô cùng quan trọng trong việc hình thành và gắn kết mối quan hệngoại giao đa quốc gia Tiếng Anh thực sự đã và đang là một ngôn ngữ không chỉtrong lĩnh vực giao tiếp quốc tế mà còn là ngôn ngữ của nhiều ngành khoa học,công nghệ thông tin, văn hóa xã hội, du lịch , thương mại Xác định được tầmquan trọng của ngoại ngữ này, ngành giáo dục Việt Nam chọn Tiếng Anh là mônhọc giữ vai trò chủ đạo trong quá trình hội nhập và phát triển Trong nhà trường,Tiếng Anh còn là môn thi THPTQG xét tốt nghiệp và xét tuyển đại học Vì vậymỗi học sinh khi còn học THPT cần phải có một trình độ Tiếng Anh nhất định đểchuẩn bị cho các kì thi và sau khi tốt nghiệp ít nhất các em phải có khả năng giaotiếp, đọc và viết một số văn bản thường gặp Để làm được việc này chúng ta khôngngừng đổi mới phương pháp dạy học cũng như chương trình học để đạt kết quả caocho môn Tiếng Anh nói chung và rèn được một số kỹ năng cơ bản cho học sinh

Để việc dạy và học Tiếng Anh đạt hiệu quả thì giáo viên phải cung cấp chohọc sinh một vốn kiến thức ngữ pháp và vốn từ vựng phong phú Trong thực tếgiảng dạy giáo viên cũng đã chú trọng dạy học sinh ngữ pháp và kỹ năng làm bàitập Tuy nhiên kiến thức bao quát cho từng chuyên đề luyện thi vẫn chưa có hệthống mà trong quá trình làm bài tập, gặp trường hợp nào thì giáo viên nhắc họcsinh ghi nhớ kiến thức của trường hợp đó Điều này gây khó khăn cho các em tổnghợp được toàn bộ kiến thức nền, kiến thức mảng, dẫn đến việc khi làm bài tập đaphần học sinh vẫn không nhớ và không làm đúng các câu rất đơn giản, đặc biệt làthiếu kỹ năng giải quyết bài tập trắc nghiệm khách quan

Trong hai năm học gần đây, hình thức thi trung học phổ thông quốc gia thayđổi, thời gian làm bài thi, khối lượng kiến thức cũng thay đổi Trong quá trình côngtác giảng dạy, thông qua việc cho học trò làm bài tập, giải đề và phỏng vấn các emtôi nhận thấy rằng hầu hết các em đều thiếu kỹ năng viết chuyển đổi câu và kết hợpcâu trong bài thi Ngoại ngữ đề thi THPTQG Hơn nữa các dạng bài tập thực hànhvận dụng kiến thức viết chuyển đổi câu có thể dễ dàng được tìm thấy trong cấu trúc

đề thi THPTQG xét tốt nghiệp và đại học, đề thi HSG các cấp; đề thi IELTS;TOEFL; TOEIC, v.v Ngoài ra, trong cuộc sống hàng ngày, kỹ năng viết đóng vaitrò quan trọng trong viết văn; trong giao tiếp hằng ngày bằng tiếng Anh, người viếtbắt buộc phải sử dụng lối viết đầy đủ và chính xác Như vậy có thể nói đây là ngữpháp trọng điểm trong chương trình tiếng anh THPT

Là một giáo viên trực tiếp giảng dạy và đồng hành cùng các em lớp 12 trongquá trình ôn thi THPTQG , tôi muốn giúp các em học sinh đặc biệt là đối tượnghọc sinh thi khối D thực hiện tốt kỹ năng làm bài kỹ năng viết, đạt được số điểm

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tối đa(1,0điểm) phần viết chuyển đổi câu và nối câu trong bài thi Ngoại ngữ Chính

vì vậy, tôi đã tham khảo các tài liệu liên quan, thầy cô, đồng nghiệp, bạnbè, nghiên cứu chuyên đề “ TỔNG HỢP, PHÂN TÍCH CÁC DẠNG CẤUTRÚC THƯỜNG GẶP TRONG KỸ NĂNG VIẾT CHUYỂN ĐỔI VÀ NỐI CÂU– BÀI THI NGOẠI NGỮ ”

2 Tác giả chuyên đề

- Họ và tên:

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PHẦN II: NỘI DUNG

Trong bài thi ngoại ngữ - kỳ thi THPT Quốc gia, dạng bài tập sử dụng kỹnăng viết gồm có 5 câu trong đó dạng bài tập viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa gần nhấtvới câu đã cho (sentence transformation) là 3 câu, dạng bài tập kết hợp câu(sentences combination) là 2 câu Số điểm dành cho kỹ năng viết tối đa là 1.0điểm

I Kỹ năng giải quyết phần thi viết chuyển đổi và viết nối câu trong bài thi Ngoại ngữ - đề thi THPTQG.

Học sinh hoàn toàn có thể đạt được điểm tối đa về các câu liên quan tới kỹ năngviết câu trong đề thi THPTQG hiện nay dựa vào các kỹ thuật sau đây:

- Bước 1: Đọc cẩn thận câu đề ra, gạch chân các từ khóa, xác định cấu trúc

- Bước 2: Định hướng cấu trúc viết chuyển đổi

- Bước 3: Đọc các đáp án A, B, C, D xét nghĩa và kiểm tra cấu trúc viết chuyển đổi lại cẩn thận,

Phân tích ví dụ minh họa: (Question 46 – Question 50)

(Đề thi minh họa THPTQG 2018 – Bộ GD &ĐT)

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

Question 46 Harry no longer smokes a lot.

A Harry now smokes a lot

B Harry used to smoke a lot

C Harry didn’t use to smoke a lot

D Harry rarely smoked a lot

=> Phân tích:

- Bước 1: Từ khóa: no longer, smokes (hiện tại)

- Bước 2: Định hướng cấu trúc viết chuyển đổi thì => sang thì quá khứ (used to do)

- Bước 3: Đọc đáp án, kiểm tra cấu trúc viết lại ở bước 2=> đáp án: B

Question 47 “I’ll call you as soon as I arrive at the airport,” he said to me.

A He objected to calling me as soon as he arrived at the airport

B He promised to call me as soon as he arrived at the airport

C He denied calling me as soon as he arrived at the airport

D He reminded me to call him as soon as he arrived at the airport

=> Phân tích:

- Bước 1: Từ khóa: dấu ngoặc kép, I’ll call

- Bước 2: Định hướng cấu trúc “ reported speech with gerund/infinitive” , “I’ll…”

=> hứa (promised to do)

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Question 48 People think that traffic congestion in the downtown area is

due to the increasing number of private cars

A Traffic congestion in the downtown area is blamed for the increasing number ofprivate cars

B The increasing number of private cars is thought to be responsible for trafficcongestion in the downtown area

C The increasing number of private cars is attributed to traffic congestion in thedowntown area

D Traffic congestion in the downtown area is thought to result in the increasingnumber of private cars

=> Phân tích:

- Bước 1: Từ khóa: think that + due to => nguyên nhân và kết quả

- Bước 2: Định hướng cấu trúc viết sử dụng cấu trúc ngữ pháp là bị động kép (think) + cấu trúc từ vựng liên quan tới “nguyên nhân (the increasing number of private cars), kết quả (traffic congestion)

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.

Question 49 The young girl has great experience of nursing She has worked as a

hospital volunteer for years

A Before she worked as a hospital volunteer for years, the young girl has greatexperience of nursing

B Much as she has worked as a hospital volunteer for years, the young girl hasgreat experience of nursing

C Having worked as a hospital volunteer for years, the young girl hasgreat experience of nursing

D With great experience of nursing, the young girl has worked as a hospitalvolunteer for years

=> Phân tích:

- Bước 1: Từ khóa: clause of reason: she has worked…=> present participle

- Bước 2: Định hướng sử dụng cấu trúc ngữ pháp => present participle

- Bước 3: Đọc đáp án, kiểm tra cấu trúc viết lại ở bước 2=> đáp án: C

Question 50 Peter told us about his leaving the school He did it on his arrival at

the meeting

A Only after his leaving the school did Peter inform us of his arrival at the meeting

B Not until Peter told us that he would leave the school did he arrive at the meeting

C Hardly had Peter informed us about his leaving the school when he arrived at the meeting

D No sooner had Peter arrived at the meeting than he told us about his leaving the school

=> Phân tích:

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- Bước 1: Từ khóa: told us, did it on his arrival at => 2 hành động (trước & sau)

- Bước 2: Định hướng sử dụng cấu trúc thì: QKHT và QKĐ + Đảo ngữ “No sooner………than …………hoặc là Hardly……… when………… ”

- Bước 3: Đọc đáp án, kiểm tra cấu trúc viết lại ở bước 2=> đáp án: D

II Các dạng bài tập liên quan tới viết chuyển đổi câu và nối câu thường xuất hiện trong bài thi ngoại ngữ - Đề thi THPTQG

1 Dạng 1: Cấu trúc viết chuyển đổi của thì

a Viết chuyển đổi của 2 thì quá khứ đơn chuyển sang hiện tại hoàn thành/hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn hoặc ngược lại

- Minh họa:

Đề thi THPTQG 2017 – Câu 43 – Mã đề 401

- Question 43 I haven't met my grandparents for five years

A I often met my grandparents five years ago

B I last met my grandparents five years ago

C I have met my grandparents for five years

D I didn't meet my grandparents five years ago

Question 46 He last visited London three years ago

- Question 46 He last visited London three years ago

A He has been in London for three years

B He hasn't visited London for three years

C He didn't visit London three years ago

D He was in London for three years

b Viết chuyển đổi kết hợp của thì quá khứ đơn sử dụng cấu trúc “used to V”=> hiện tại hoặc ngược lại

-Minh họa

Đề thi minh họa THPTQG 2018 của Bộ GD&ĐT

Question 46 Harry no longer smokes a lot.

D Harry rarely smoked a lot

c Cấu trúc nối câu kết hợp 2 thì quá khứ đơn với quá khứ tiếp diễn, hoặc quá khứ đơn với quá khứ hoàn thành

-Nội dung:

Kết hợp 2 thì quá khứ đơn với quá khứ tiếp diễn: 1 hành động đang diễn ra(quá khứ tiếp diễn), 1 hành động khác chen vào(quá khứ đơn)

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Kết hợp 2 thì quá khứ đơn với quá khứ hoàn thành: 1 hành động xảy ra trước(quá khứ hoàn thành), 1hành động xảy ra sau (quá khứ đơn)

2 Dạng 2: Sử dụng cấu trúc rút gọn “participle/present participle/ past participle”(rút gọn trong câu có đồng chủ ngữ)

-Minh họa:

Example 1:

We left early because we wanted to catch the last train.(reason)

=> Wanting to catch the last train, we left early

I switched off the light and tried to get some sleep.(time)

=> Switching off the light, I tried to get some sleep

As he’s lived here all his life, he knows a lot about the town

=> Having lived here all his life, he knows a lot about the town

Example 2:

Chúng ta có thể sử dụng “a participle clause” sau “after/ before/ while/ since/

on, etc.”.Hai hành động có thể xảy ra cùng một lúc, hoặc khác thời gian.

When I met him, I didn’t like him

=> On meeting him, I didn’t like him

Example 3:

Chúng ta sử dụng “perfect participle” –“having done” khi nhấn mạnh một hành động xảy ra trước một hành động khác

I’d made a decision and I was anxious to act on it

=> Having made a decision, I was anxious to act on it

Example 4:

He was bored with his job so he decided toleave

=> Bored with his job, he decided toleave

Example 5:

Chúng ta sử dụng “being + past participle” sau “after/ before/ while/ since/

on, etc.”

After it was cleaned, the bike looked as good as new

=> After being cleaned, the bike looked as good as new

When I was informed, I called them

=> On being informed, I called them

3 Dạng 3: Cấu trúc viết lại câu liên quan câu điều kiện

a Viết chuyển đổi sử dụng “Unless”= “If….not”: Nếu không - (The first conditional)

If you don’t study = Unless you study

If he doesn’t study = Unless he studies

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-Minh họa:

Đề thi THPTQG 2015 của Bộ GD& ĐT

Question 1:If John does not change his working style, he will be sacked soon

Unless

=> A Unless John changes his working style, he will be sacked soon.

B Unless John change his working style, he will be sacked soon.

C Unless John changes his working style, he won’t be sacked soon.

D Unless John changes his working style, he won’t be sacked soon.

b Viết chuyển đổi sử dụng “In case”:Trong trường hợp- (The first conditional)

S + will +Vinf + in case + S + V(present simple) -Minh họa

Ex: Don’t leave training until just before the marathon because you might injure

yourself

=> Don’t leave training until just before the marathon in case you might injure yourself

c Viết chuyển đổi sử dụng “or else/ otherwise”:Hoặc là, nếu không thì

- Minh họa:

Ex: If you don’t hurry up, we’ll miss the train

= Hurry up or else we’ll miss the train

Ex: Take time off running every week or else your body will not have a chance to rest = Take time off running every week; otherwise, your body will not have a

chance to rest

d Viết chuyển đổi sử dụng “as long as/ provided/ providing ”: Miễn là/ Với điều kiện là

- Minh họa

Ex: You can come with me as long as you pay for your own ticket

e Viết chuyển đổi sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 2, loại 3 hoặc loại 2 +3

- Nội dung

+ Nếu câu đã cho là thì hiện tại=> Viết lại bằng câu điều kiện loại 2 và ngược nghĩa + Nếu câu đã cho là thì quá khứ => Viết lại bằng câu điều kiện loại 3 và ngược nghĩa + Nếu câu đã cho nguyên nhân là quá khứ, kết quả ở hiện tại => Viết lại bằng câuđiều kiện loại 3(mệnh đề if) + loại 2 (mệnh đề main) và ngược nghĩa

- Minh họa

Example:

You didn’t phone us so we didn’t get there in time

=> Định hướng: => Viết lại bằng câu điều kiện loại 3 và ngược nghĩa

=>Had you phoned us, we’d have got there in time.

Question 44 We survived that accident because we were wearing our seat belts

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A But for our seat belts, we would have survived that accident

B Had we not been wearing our seat belts, we wouldn't have survived thataccident

C Without our seat belts, we could have survived that accident

D If we weren't wearing our seat belts, we couldn't have survived that accident

Question 47 They were late for the meeting because of the heavy snow

A If it snowed heavily, they would be late for the meeting

B Had it not snowed heavily, they would have been late for the meeting

C But for the heavy snow, they wouldn't have been late for the meeting

D If it didn't snow heavily, they wouldn't be late for the meeting

Example

The weather is terrible so we don’t go out today

=> If the weather were not terrible, we would go out today

Example

I didn’t go to university so I don’t get a better job now

=> Định hướng: => Viết lại bằng câu điều kiện loại 2 + 3 và ngược nghĩa

=> If I had gone to university, I would get a better job now

4 Dạng 4: Cấu trúc viết lại câu sử dụng câu bị động dạng đặc biệt

a Dạng bị động kép:

Chủ động:

S1 +believe/say/think/….that + S2 +V2 + O2

V1

Bị động: =>It is believed/said/thought… that S2 +V2 + O2

=>S2 +be + believed/said/thought…+ to + V2 (khi V2 là thì hiện tại và tương lai)

=>S2 +be + believed/said/thought…+ to + have + Ved/ Pii( khi V2 là thì quá khứ)

=>O2 + be believed/said/thought + to+ be +Ved/Pii( khi V2 là thì hiện tại và tương lai)

=>O2 + be believed/said/thought…+ to + have been + Ved/Pii( khi V2 là thì quá khứ)

(khi V1 và V2 đồng thì (thường là quá khứ) có thể chuyển sang “ be + believed + to V)

- Minh họa

Question 3:People believe that this new teaching method is more effective than theold one

=> This new teaching method

=>Định hướng: Viết lại câu sử dụng cấu trúc bị động kép

=>This new teaching method is believed to be more effective than the old one

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b Cấu trúc “Have/get sth done”

Monica wanted Jimmy to repair the fence that fell over in the garden

=> Monica had Jimmy repair the fence that fell over in the garden

=> Monica had the fence that fell over in the garden repaired (by Jimmy).

5 Dạng 5: Cấu trúc viết lại câu sử dụng “Modals in the past”

can/could/should/ might/must/need/ought to + have done

- Minh họa

Đề minh họa THPTQG năm 2017

Question 26: I’m sure Luisa was very disappointed when she failed the exam

A Luisa must be very disappointed when she failed the exam

B Luisa must have been very disappointed when she failed the exam

C Luisa may be very disappointed when she failed the exam

D Luisa could have been very disappointed when she failed the exam

=> Giải thích: was => Modals in the past => loại A và C

I’m sure=> must

=> must have been…

Question 3:I’m sure that he didn’t attend the Conference on Wildlife Protection yesterday

He can’t

=> Định hướng: didn’t attend=> modals in the past=>can’t have done

=> He can’t have attended the Conference on Wildlife Protection yesterday.

6 Dạng 6: Cấu trúc viết lại câu sử dụng “Câu đảo ngữ”

- Nội dung: Các dạng đảo ngữ thường gặp trong cấu trúc viết lại câu trong bài thi

Never have so many people been unemployed as today.

(So many people have never been unemployed as today)

Rarely have we seen such an effective actor as he has proven himself to be.

(We have rarely seen such an effective actor as he has proven himself to be.)

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Seldom does class let out early.

(Class seldom lets out early.)

Little does she realize how important this meeting is

Hardly does John remember the accident that took his sister's life.

(John hardly remembers the accident that took his sister's life.)

b No sooner than

Hardly/ Barely/ Scarcely when/ before …

Câu đảo ngữ dạng này thường dùng để diễn tả một hành động diễn ra ngay sauhành động khác trong quá khứ (past perfect + past simple)

Ex:

No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang.

No sooner had he gone out than it began to rain

Hardly had he fallen asleep when he began to dream of far-way lands.

Hardly had I left before the trouble started (less used)

c Đảo ngữ với ONLY

only later

only in this way

only in that way

only then

only by V_ing/ N

only with + N

only after + clause

only when + clause

only if + clause

only + adv of time/ place + clause

Ex:

Only in this way can the problem be solved.

Only then did she realize the stress he was under

Only then did I understand the problem.

Only by practicing English every day can you speak it fluently

d Đảo ngữ với các cụm từ có No

At no time ( = never)

On/ Under no condition (= absolutely not)

On no account + auxiliary + S + V (& not on any account) (= for no reason, absolutely not) (Dù bất cứ lý do gì cũng không)

Under/ in no circumstances & not under any circumstances ( = absolutely never; not for any reason) (Dù trong bất cứ hoàn cảnh nào cũng không) For no season

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In no way (không sao có thể)

By no means (not at all, hoàn toàn không) & not by any means.

No longer

Negative clause………Nor

Ex:

At no time did I ever say or suggest or even hint that she should lie about

what I was doing

At no time was the result of match in doubt.

At no time did I say I would accept late homework.

On no condition will the company bear responsibility for lost property

(The company will not bear responsibility for lost property on any

condition.)

On no condition shall we accept their proposal.

On no account must this switch be touched.

Under no circumstances are you allowed to disturb the pilots

(You are not allowed to disturb the pilots under any circumstances.)

e Đảo ngữ với Not only but also

Not only + auxiliary + S + V but also

Eg: Not only is he good at English but he also draw very well

Eg: Not only does he sing well but he also plays musical instruments perfectly

f Đảo ngữ với SO

So+ adj/ adv + auxiliary + S+V+ that clause

Eg: So dark is it that I can't write

Eg: So busy am I that I don't have time to look after myself

Eg: So difficult was the exam that few student pass it

g Đảo ngữ với SUCH

Such + be + N/ NP (+ that + clause)

Such was her anger that …….

= She was so angry that………

Such is the interest of the play that the theatre is likely to be full every night.

= The play is so interesting that the theatre is likely to be full every night.)

h Đảo ngữ với until/ till+ clause/ adv of time+ auxiliary+ S+ V

It was not until …….that S + Ved

= Not until ………….did S + Vinf

Eg: I won't come home till 10 o'clock

=Not until/ till o'clock that I will come home

= It is not until 10 o'clock that I will come home

i Đảo ngữ với câu điều kiện

a Câu điều kiện loại 1: If clause = should + S + V

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E.g.: If he calls, tell him I’ll ring back ≈ If he should call, tell him I’ll ring back.

→ Should he call, tell him I’ll ring back.

If you are interested in our offer, please contact us

→ Should you be interested in our offer, please contact us.

Should she come late she will miss the train

Should he lend me some money I will buy that house

b Câu điều kiện loại 2: If clause = Were S + to V/ Were + S

If the guests arrived this week, there’d be no rooms available

→ Were the guests to arrive this week, there’d be no rooms available.

If I were you I would work harder → Were I you

If I knew her I would invite her to the party → Were I to know her

c Câu đk loại 3: If clause = Had + S + PII

If the bombs had gone off, at least 600 people would have died

→ Had the bombs gone off, at least 600 people would have died.

If my parents hadn't encouraged me, I would have taken pass exam

→ Had my parents not encouraged me, I would have taken pass exam.

- Minh họa

Đề thi minh họa THPTQG 2018 của Bộ GD & ĐT

Question 50 Peter told us about his leaving the school He did it on his arrival at

the meeting

=> Định hướng: Đảo ngữ với cấu trúc: No sooner……… than…………

A Only after his leaving the school did Peter inform us of his arrival at the

Đề thi THPTQG 2015 của Bộ GD & ĐT

Question 4: He did not realize how difficult the task was until he was halfwaythrough it

Not until

=> Định hướng: Sử dụng cấu trúc đảo ngữ “ Not until… ”

Not until he was halfway through the task did he realize how difficult the task was

7 Dạng 7: Cấu trúc viết lại câu sử dụng “Reported speech with gerund and

infinitive”

- Nội dung:

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a Reported speech with infinitive”

Những mẫu câu quan trọng:

- told sb (not)to V = asked sb (not) to V: yêu cầu ai làm gì (không làm gì)

- advised sb (not)to V: khuyên ai làm gì

- encouraged sb (not) to V: khuyến khích ai làm gì

- begged sb toV: van nài ai làm gì

- pleaded with sb not to do: nài nỉ ai làm gì

b Reported speech with gerund

Những mẫu câu quan trọng:

- thanked sb for + doing: cảm ơn ai vì việc gì

- congratulated sb on doing sth: chúc mừng ai về việc gì

- apologised to sb for doing sth: xin lỗi về việc gì

- insisted on doing sth: khăng khăng làm gì

- accused sb of doing sth: buộc tội ai làm gì

- dreamed of doing sth: mơ ước làm gì

- warned sb against doing sth: cảnh báo ai chống lại (không nên) làm gì,

- prevented sb from doing sth = stop sb from doing sth: ngăn cản ai làm

- looked forward to doing sth: mong đợi làm gì

- denied doing sth: từ chối làm gì

- admitted doing sth: thừa nhận làm gì

- suggested doing sth: gợi ý làm gì = suggested that S +should….

- thought of doing sth: nghĩ về việc gì

- blamed sb for doing sth: đổ lỗi cho ai về việc gì

- complained to sb about sth/doing: phàn àn

- regretted doing: tiếc đã làm gì

- objected to doing: phản đối điều gì

- reproached sb for doing: chỉ trích/phê bình ai về việc gì

- complimented sb on sth: khen ai

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-Minh họa

Đề thi THPTQG 2017 của Bộ GD & ĐT

Question 45 "No, I won't go to work at the weekend," said Sally

=> refused + to V

A Sally refused to go to work at the weekend

B Sally promised to go to work at the weekend

C Sally apologized for not going to work at the weekend

D Sally regretted not going to work at the weekend

Đề thi minh họa THPTQG 2018 của Bộ GD & ĐT

Question 47 “I’ll call you as soon as I arrive at the airport,” he said to me.

=> promised to V

A He objected to calling me as soon as he arrived at the airport

B He promised to call me as soon as he arrived at the airport

C He denied calling me as soon as he arrived at the airport

D He reminded me to call him as soon as he arrived at the airport

8 Dạng 8: Cấu trúc viết lại câu sử dụng “cấu trúc so sánh”

d The more…….the more…… (Càng………càng…………): So sánh kép

The + so sánh hơn + S 1 + V 1 , the +so sánh hơn + S 2 + V 2

Ex: The hotter the food is, the harder it is to eat (Thức ăn càng nóng,

càng khó ăn)

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Ex: The more friends you have, the happier you feel (Càng nhiều bạn,

bạn càng vui)

- Minh họa

Đề thi minh họa THPTQG 2015

Question 66: I can’t cook as well as my mother can

My mother

=> Định hướng: Viết chuyển đổi sang dạng so sánh hơn

=> My mother can cook better than I can/ me

9 Dạng 9: Cấu trúc viết lại câu sử dụng “so, such,too,enough”

Such + be + danh từ + that + S + V

S + be + too + tính từ + (for sb) +to V

S + be +too + tính từ +danh từ + for sb +to V

(It’s too amazing a trip for us to forget)

S + be + tính từ + enough (for sb) +to V

S + V + + enough +danh từ + (for sb) +to V

- Minh họa

The boy was so intelligent that he could answer all the difficult questions

= It was such an intelligent boy that he could answer all the difficult questions

= It was so intelligent a boy that he could answer all the difficult questions

= So intelligent was a boy that he could answer all the difficult questions

= Such was his intelligence that the boy could answer all the difficult questions

= The boy was too intelligent to answer all the difficult questions

= He was too intelligent a boy to answer all the difficult questions

10 Dạng 10: Cấu trúc viết lại câu sử dụng “although/ despite/ in spite of….”

-Nội dung

Although = Though = Even though + S V, ………

In spite of = Despite +(n)/Ving,…………

Tính từ + as/ though + S+V,………

However+ (a)/(adv) + S +V,…………

No matter how + (a)/(adv) + S +V,…………

Regardless of + (N), S +V

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-Minh họa

Although she was very tired, she still managed to finish her homework

= In spite of her tiredness, she still managed to finish her homework

= Despite being very tired, she still managed to finish her homework

= Tired as she was, she still managed to finish her homework

= However tired she was, she still managed to finish her homework

= No matter how tired she was, she still managed to finish her homework

= Regardless of her tiredness, she still managed to finish her homework

Prefer doing to doing

Would prefer to do rather than do sth

Would prefer sb (not) to do = would rather sb did sth

Would rather do than do sth

Would rather sb did sth

Had better do sth

- Minh họa

Đề thi thử THPTQG Sở GD& ĐT Vĩnh Phúc

Question 1: I would prefer you not to smoke in here.

A I'd rather you not to smoke in here

B I'd rather you don't smoke in here

C I'd rather you shouldn't smoke in here

D I'd rather you didn't smoke in here

12 Dạng 12: Cấu trúc viết lại câu sử dụng “fanboys” –“for, and, nor, but, or,

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D Either my mother believes it needs a little more brushing or I think my hair looks fine.

13 Dạng 13: Cấu trúc viết lại câu sử dụng “ wish/ if only”

Wish + S+ Ved (ước ở hiện tại)

Wish + S + had +Ved/P2(ước ở quá khứ)

Wish +S + would(not) + Vinf:

Wish + S + could +Vinf( talk about sth we are unable to do)

-Minh họa:

Ex: I wish I didn’t have to work (But I have to)

= If only I didn’t have to work

Ex: I wish I had known you were coming (But I didn’tknow)

= If only I had known you were coming

Ex: I wish my parents wouldn’t treat me like a child (But they do and I

can’t change them)

Ex: I wish I could remember his name (But I can’t)

Chú ý: Dạng thường gặp “reget + Ving”=> wish (ở quá khứ)

14 Dạng 14: Cấu trúc viết lại câu sử dụng “relative clauses”

- Nội dung:

Chú ý dạng:

+ “which” thay thế cho một mệnh đề trước dấu phảy

+ THAT + S1 + V1 ….+ V(chia ngôi số ít)

S V

15 Dạng 15: Tổng hợp các cấu trúc từ vựng hay gặp trong kỹ năng viết nối

câu và chuyển câu

a “It’s no use + Ving… ”

It’s no use + Ving

There’s no point in + Ving

It’s not worth + Ving

so that = in order that + S + V

in order (not) to V = (not) to V

= so as (not) to V

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e not only ……… but also……… : không những………mà còn

f It’s (high) time sb did sth: Đã đến lúc ai đó phải làm gì

III BÀI TẬP LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN “SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION” +

“SENTENCE COMBINATION” TRONG BÀI THI NGOẠI NGỮ

Dạng 1: Bài tập biến đổi thì

Exercise 1:

Question 1 Harry no longer smokes a lot (Đề thi minh họa THPTQG 2018)

D Harry rarely smoked a lot.

Question 2 This is my first visit to Paris (Đề thi minh họa THPTQG 2017)

A I have never visited Paris before

B I am used to visiting Paris

C I used to visit Paris

D I have visited Paris many times before

Question 3 I haven't met my grandparents for five years (Đề thi THPTQG 2017)

A I often met my grandparents five years ago

B I last met my grandparents five years ago

C I have met my grandparents for five years

D I didn't meet my grandparents five years ago

Question 4 He last visited London three years ago (Đề thi THPTQG 2017)

A He has been in London for three years

B He hasn't visited London for three years

C He didn't visit London three years ago

D He was in London for three years

Question 5 I haven't visited my hometown for a few years (Đề thi THPTQG 2017)

A I have been in my hometown for a few years

B I last visited my hometown a few years ago

C I didn't visit my hometown a few years ago

D I was in my hometown for a few years

Question 6 I haven't heard from Susan for several months

(Đề thi THPTQG 2017)

A I last heard from Susan several months ago

B Susan didn't hear from me several months ago

C Susan heard from me several months ago

D I didn't hear from Susan several months ago

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Question 7 I have not met her for three years.

(Đề thi thử THPTQG sở GD&ĐT Vĩnh Phúc 2017)

A I did not meet her three years ago.

B During three years, I met her once.

C It is three years when I will meet her.

D The last time I met her was three years ago.

Question 8 The last time I went to the zoo was a year ago.

( Đề thi thử THPTQG sở GD&ĐT Vĩnh Phúc 2017)

A A year ago, I often went to the zoo.

B I have not been to the zoo for a year.

C At last I went to the museum after a year.

D I have not gone to the zoo for a year.

Question 9 This is the first time I have attended such an enjoyable wedding party

A The first wedding party I attended was enjoyable.

B My attendance at the first wedding party was enjoyable.

C I have never attended such an enjoyable wedding party before.

D I had the first enjoyable wedding party.

Question 10 This pasta is a new experience for me

A It is the first time I have eaten pasta.

B I am used to eating pasta.

C I used to eat a lot of pasta.

D I have ever eaten pasta many times before.

Question 11: I haven’t written this kind of letter before.

A Never before I have written this kind of letter

B Write this kind of letter is not my habit

C This is the first time I have written this kind of letter

D I am not used to write this kind of letter

Question 12: Eight years ago we started writing to each other.

A We have rarely written to each other for eight years

B Eight years is a long time for us to write to each other

C We wrote to each other eight years ago

D We have been writing to each other for eight years

Question 13: My father hasn’t smoked cigarettes for a month.

A It’s a month since my father last smoked cigarettes

B It’s a month ago that my father smoked cigarettes

C It’s a month that my father hasn’t smoked cigarettes

D It’s a cigarette that my father smoked a month ago

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Question 14: Having finished their work, the workers expected to be paid.

A The workers expected to be paid because they had finished their work

B Having their work finished, the workers expected to be paid

C Having expected to be paid, the workers finished their work

D Having been finished their work, the workers expected to be paid

Question 15: Mr Brown bought this car five years ago.

A Mr Brown started to buy this car five years

B It has been five years ago, Mr Brown bought this car

C Mr Brown has had this car for five years

D It is five years ago since Mr Brown bought this car

Question 16: I haven’t enjoyed myself so much for years.

A It’s years since I enjoyed myself so much

B It’s years since I have enjoyed myself so much

C It was years since I had enjoyed myself so much

D It has been years since I have enjoyed myself so much

Question 17: John used to write home once a week when he was abroad.

A John doesn’t now write home once a week any longer

B John enjoyed writing home every week when he was abroad

C John never forgot to write a weekly letter home when he was abroad

D When he was abroad he remembered to write home every week

Question 18: The famous actor was last seen in 2000.

A The famous actor has not been able to see since 2000

B No one has seen the famous actor since 2000

C The famous actor didn’t see anyone in 2000

D No one saw the famous actor until 2000

Question 19: I came to live here three months ago.

A It was three months since I lived here

B I’ve been living here for three months

C I lived here for three months

D I didn’t live here for three months

Question 20: We started working here three years ago.

A We worked here for three years

B We have no longer worked here for three years

C We have worked here for three years

D We will work here in three years

Question 21: It’s a long time since we last went to the cinema.

A We have been to the cinema for a long time

B We haven’t been to the cinema for a long time

C We don’t go to the cinema as we used to

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D We wish we went to the cinema now.

Question 22: He used to jog every morning.

A He enjoys jogging every morning

B He never fails to jog every morning

C He doesn’t now jog every morning

D He intended to jog every morning

Question 23: James was the last to know about the change of schedule

A Everyone had heard about the changeof schedule before James did

B Among the last people informed of the change of schedule was James

C The last thing James knew was the change of schedule

D At last James was able to know about the change of schedule

Question 24: When I arrived, they were having dinner

A I came to their invitation to dinner

B They ate their dinner as soon as I arrived

C I came in the middle of their dinner

D When they started having their dinner, I arrived

Question 25: This is the first time I have attended such an enjoyable wedding party.

A The first wedding party I attended was enjoyable

B My attendance at the first wedding party was enjoyable

C I have never attended such an enjoyable wedding party before

D I had the first enjoyable wedding party

Exercise 2:

1 It’s weeks since we last saw one another SEEN

=> We haven’t ………

2 They haven’t seen their parents for 2 weeks SINCE

=> It’s two weeks………

3 I’m tired because the last time I slept was 2 days ago

=> I’m tired because I………

4 When Owen left his job, he began to feel more relaxed

=> Since Owen left his job, ………

5 When did you get married ? BEEN

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9 She met them when she was a child KNOWN

=> She………

10 They’re angry because the last time they got paid was 2 months ago BEEN

=> They’re angry because they………

11 How long have you lived in this house? MOVE

=> When ………

12 I started cooking an hour ago BEEN

=> I………

13 I haven’t seen Vasily for a few days SINCE

=> It’s a few days………

14 They started working this morning and they are still working BEEN

Question 1: The young girl has great experience of nursing She has worked as a

hospital volunteer for years

A Before she worked as a hospital volunteer for years, the young girl has greatexperience of nursing

B Much as she has worked as a hospital volunteer for years, the young girl hasgreat experience of nursing

C Having worked as a hospital volunteer for years, the young girl has greatexperience of nursing

D With great experience of nursing, the young girl has worked as a hospitalvolunteer for years

Đề minh họa THPTQG 2017

Question 2: Henry tasted the pleasures of modern city life Then he found life in

his village hard and unattractive

A Having tasted the pleasures of modern city life, Henry found life in hisvillage hard and unattractive

B After Henry found life in his village hard and unattractive, he tasted the pleasures

of modern city life

C If Henry had tasted the pleasures of modern city life, he would have found life inhis village hard and unattractive

D Although Henry tasted the pleasures of modern city life, he found life in his

village hard and unattractive

Đề thi tuyển sinh ĐH2014

Trang 23

Question 3: :Nam defeated the former champion in three sets He finally won the

inter-school table tennis championship

A Being defeated by the former champion, Nam lost the chance to play the finalgame of inter-school table tennis championship

B Having defeated the former champion in the inter-school table tennis, Nam didnot hold the title of champion

C Having defeated the former champion in three sets, Nam won the inter-schooltable tennis championship

D Although Nam defeated the former champion in three sets, he did not win the title

of inter-school table tennis champion

Question 4: Having traveled to different parts of our country,

A we have learned a lot about interesting lifestyles and customs

B we are seeing a lot of interestinglifestyles and customs

C many interesting lifestyles and customs have been learned by us

D much has been learned about interesting lifestyles and customs

Question 5: Martin missed his flight because he had not been informed of the

change in flight schedule

A Not having been informed of the change in flight schedule, Martin missed hisflight

B Not having missed his flight, Martin was informed of the change in flightschedule

C Martin missed his flight, though he had been informed of the change in flightschedule

D Martin had been informed of his flight delay, which was due to the change inflight schedule

Question 6: He cannot lend me the book now He has not finished reading it yet

A Having finished reading the book, he cannot lend it to me

B He cannot lend me the book until he has finished reading it

C As long as he cannot finish reading the book, he will lend it to me

D Not having finished reading the book, he will lend it to me

Question 7: Having been delayed by heavy traffic,

A it was difficult for her to arrive on time

B her being late was intolerable

C it was impossible for her to arrive on time

D she was unable to arrive on time

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Đề thi thử THPTQG sở GD&ĐT Vĩnh Phúc năm học 2017 - 2018

Question 8: Human beings have destroyed the environment for a long time They

are now paying a high price for this

A Because having destroyed the environment for a long time, human beings are nowpaying a high price for this

B Having destroyed the environment for a long time, human beings are nowpaying a high price for this

C On destroying the environment for a long time, they are now paying a high price for this

D After being destroyed for a long time, the environment is now paying a high price

Question 9: We chose to find a place for the night We found the bad weather very

inconvenient

A Because the climate was severe, we were worried about what we’d do at night.

B Seeing that the bad weather had set in, we decided to find somewhere to spend

the night

C Bad weather was approaching, so we started to look for a place to stay.

D The bad weather prevented us from driving any further.

Question 10: My uncle was elected as the mayor of the city in 2004 He remained

in office until 2014

A Elected as the mayor of the city in 2004, my uncle held the post for 10 years.

B My uncle was elected as the mayor of the city twice: 2004 and 2014.

C Although elected as the mayor of the city, my uncle took office in 2014.

D Ten years after serving as the mayor of the city, my uncle resigned in 2004.

Question 11: I made sure there was no reason to be afraid Then I went ahead.

A I went ahead and was sure that there was nothing to be afraid.

B So as not to be afraid of anything, I went ahead.

C Having satisfied myself that there was nothing to fear, I went ahead.

D I was sure that I had nothing to fear but I went ahead.

Question 12: He had saved a lot of money He travelled to Australia.

A Travelling to Australia needs a lot of money.

B Having saved a lot of money, he travelled to Australia.

C To save a lot of money, he travelled to Australia.

D Travelling to Australia costs him a lot of money.

Question 13: Because she was irritated by her husband’s lack of punctuality, she left him

A Irritating with her husband’s lack of punctuality, she left him

B Being irritating by her husband’s lack of punctuality, she left him

Trang 25

C She left her husband because of her irritation with his lack of punctuality

D Irritated by her husband, she punctually left him

Question 14: The boy was not allowed to have any friends, so he felt lonely

A Having no friends, the boy felt so lonely

B Not having friends, they made the boy feel lonely

C Having a lot of friends, the boy felt lonely

D Deprived of friends, the boy felt lonely

Question 15: I picked up my book I found that the cover had been torn.

A On picking up my book, I saw that the cover had been torn.

B Picked up, the book was torn.

C The cover had been torn when my book picked up.

D When picking up my book, the cover had been torn.

Question 16: He did not remember the meeting He went out for a coffee with his

friends then

A Not remember the meeting, he went out for a coffee with his friends

B Not to remember the meeting, he went out for a coffee with his friends

C Not remembered the meeting, he went out for a coffee with his friends

D Not remembering the meeting, he went out for a coffee with his friends

3 Dạng 3: Cấu trúc viết lại câu liên quan câu điều kiện

Question 1: Without her teacher‘s advice, she would never have written such a

good essay (Đề thi minh họa THPTQG 2017)

A Her teacher advised him and she didn‘t write a good essay

B Her teacher didn‘t advise her and she didn‘t write a good essay

C She wrote a good essay as her teacher gave her some advice

D If her teacher didn‘t advise her, she wouldn‘t write such a good essay

(Đề thi minh họa THPTQG 2017)

Question 2 Without my tutor’s help, I couldn’t have made such a good speech

A Had my tutor not helped me, I couldn’t make such a good speech

B If my tutor didn’t help me, I couldn’t make such a good speech

C If it hadn’t been for my tutor’s help, I couldn’t have made such a good speech

D If my tutor hadn’t helped me, I could have made such a good speech

(Đề thi minh họa THPTQG 2017)

Question 3: The candidate was offered the job because of his excellent answers.

A The job was offered to the candidate although he couldn’t answer the questions

B If it hadn’t been for the candidate’s excellent answers, he couldn’t have got the job

C The candidate answered the questions so excellently that he might get the job

D Because it was such a good job, the candidate tried to answer the questionsexcellently

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Question 4 We survived that accident because we were wearing our seat belts

A But for our seat belts, we would have survived that accident

B Had we not been wearing our seat belts, we wouldn't have survived that accident

C Without our seat belts, we could have survived that accident

D If we weren't wearing our seat belts, we couldn't have survived that accident

Question 5 They were late for the meeting because of the heavy snow

A If it snowed heavily, they would be late for the meeting

B Had it not snowed heavily, they would have been late for the meeting

C But for the heavy snow, they wouldn't have been late for the meeting

D If it didn't snow heavily, they wouldn't be late for the meeting

Question 6 He was successful in his career thanks to his parents' support

A Had it not been for his parents' support, he wouldn't be successful in his career

B If his parents hadn't supported him, he wouldn't have been successful in his career

C But for his parents' support, he wouldn't be successful in his career

D Without his parents' support, he would have been successful in his career

Question 7 They cancelled all the sporting events because of the heavy rain

A Without the heavy rain, they wouldn't cancel all the sporting events

B If it hadn't rained heavily, they would have cancelled all the sporting events

C If it didn't rain heavily, they wouldn't cancel all the sporting events

D Had it not rained heavily, they wouldn't have cancelled all the sporting events

Question 8: She didn’t pass the exam because of her serious illness

Had she not _

A Had she not been seriously ill, she would have passed the exam

B Without her serious illness, she wouldn’t have passed the exam

C But for her serious illness, she would pass the exam

D If she had been seriously ill, she wouldn’t have passed the exam

Question 9:If John does not change his working style, he will be sacked soon

Unless _

A Unless John change his working style, he will be sacked soon

B Unless John changes his working style, he will be sacked soon

C Unless John change his working style, he won’t be sacked soon

D Unless John changes his working style, he will sack soon

Đề thi thử THPTQG sở GD&ĐT Vĩnh Phúc năm 2017 - 2018)

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Question 10 He didn’t prepare well for his GCSE examination and he regrets it now.

A Unless he had prepared well for his GCSE examination, he wouldn’t regret it now.

B But for his ill preparation for his GCSE examination, he wouldn’t regret it now.

C If it hadn’t been for his good preparation for his GCSE examination, he wouldn’t

regret it now

D If he had prepared well for his GCSE examination, he wouldn’t have regretted it now Question 11 If it hadn't been for his carelessness, we would have finished the work.

A Because he wasn't careless, we didn't finish the work.

B He was careless because he hadn't finished the work.

C If he were careful, we would finish the work.

D If he had been more careful, we would have completed the work.

Question 12 But for his father’s early retirement, Richard would not have taken

over the family’s business

A Richard’s father didn’t want him to take over the family’s business despite his retirement.

B Richard only took over the family’s business because his father decided to retire early.

C Richard didn’t take over the family’s business because his father decided to retire.

D His father retired early, but he ran the family’s business.

Question 13 The only thing that makes this job worthwhile is the money.

A This job is not rewarding at all.

B If it were not for the money, this job wouldn’t be worthwhile.

C Were not it for the money, this job wouldn’t be worthwhile.

D Although the salary is poor, the job is worthwhile.

(Đề thi thử THPTQG sở GD&ĐT Vĩnh Phúc năm 2016 - 2017)

Question 14 It was your assistance that enabled us to get achievement.

A Your assistance discouraged us from getting achievement.

B But for you assistance, we couldn't have got achievement.

C If you assisted us, we couldn't get achievement.

D Without your assistance, we could get achievement.

Question 15 He didn't take his father's advice That's why he is out of work now.

A If he had taken his father's advice, he would not have been out of work now.

B If he had taken his father's advice, he would not be out of work now.

C If he takes his father's advice, he will not be out of work now.

D If he took his father's advice, he would not be out of work now.

Question 16 But for their help, we couldn't have survived the famine.

A If they didn't help us, we couldn't survive the famine

B We survived the famine without their help

C If only they had helped us, we could have survived the famine

D If they hadn't helped us, we couldn't have survived the famine

Question 17: I didn’t have an umbrella, so I got wet.

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A If I had had an umbrella, I wouldn’t get wet.

B If I had had an umbrella, I wouldn’t have got wet

C If I had an umbrella, I wouldn’t get wet

D If I have an umbrella, I won’t get wet

Đề thi thử THPTQG sở GD&ĐT Vĩnh Phúc năm 2015 - 2016

Question 18: The flood may rise higher Therefore, we have to move upstairs.

A If we don’t move upstairs, the flood may rise higher

B We have to move upstairs in case the flood rises any higher

C We’ll have to move upstairs soon provided the flood rises any higher

D Unless the flood rises any higher, we won’t have to move upstairs.

Đề thi tuyển sinh ĐH 2012 khối D

Question 19: Put your coat on You will get cold

A You will not get cold unless you put your coat on

B Put your coat on, otherwise you will get cold

C It is not until you put your coat onthat you will get cold

D You not only put your coat on but also get cold

Question 20: The only thing that makes this job worthwhile is the money.

A This job is not rewarding at all.

B If it were not for the money, this job wouldn’t be worthwhile.

C Were not it for the money, this job wouldn’t be worthwhile.

D Although the salary is poor, the job is worthwhile.

Question 21: The burglar might come back You’d better change all the locks.

A If you don’t change all the locks, the burglar could come back.

B The burglar will come back unless you’d better change all the locks.

C You’d better change all the locks or the burglar might come back.

D You’d better change all the locks in case the burglar comes back

Question 22: He survived the operation thanks to the skilful surgeon

A He survived because he was a skilful surgeon

B Though the surgeon was skilful, he couldn’t survive the operation

C There was no skilful surgeon, so he died

D He wouldn’t have survived the operation without the skilful surgeon

Question 23: If I were taller, I could reach the top shelf.

A I cannot reach the top shelf because I am very tall

B In spite of being tall, I cannot reach the top shelf

C I am not tall enough to reach the top shelf

D I am too tall to reach the top shelf

Question 24: I did not read his book I did not understand what the lecturer was

saying

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A I found it very difficult to understand what the lecturer said in his book.

B What the lecturer wrote and said was too difficult for me to understand

C The lecturer's book which I had not read was difficult to understand

D I would have understood what the lecturer was saying if I had read his book

Question 25: I didn't arrive in time to save the boy.

A If I had arrived in time, I could have saved the boy

B Unless I had been late, I wouldn't have saved the boy

C If I arrived in time, I would save the boy

D Unless I was late, I wouldn't save the boy

Question 26: If you had stuck to what we originally agreed on, everything would

have been fine

A If you had not kept to what was originally agreed on, everything would havebeen fine

B Things went wrong because you violated our original agreement

C If you had changed our original agreement, everything would have been fine

D As you fulfilled the original contract, things went wrong

Đề thi tuyển sinh ĐH 2013 khối A1

Question 27: I would have worn the right shoes if I had known I was going to do

all this climbing

A I would love to go climbing, but I do not have any shoes that would be suitable

B As I did not know I was going to do so muchclimbing, I did not wear suitableshoes

C I did not go climbing because I did not have the right shoes

D I would have gone on the climb if I had been wearing the right shoes

Đề thi tuyển sinh ĐH 2008

Question 28: The sooner we solve this problem, the better it will be for all

concerned

A If we could solve this problem soon, it would be better for all concerned

B It would be better for all concerned if we can solve this problem soon

C If all concerned are better, we can solve this problem soon

D If we can solve this problem soon, it will be better for all concerned

Question 29: She will be ill

A unless she takes a few days’ rest

B provided she takes a few days’ rest

C in case she takes a few days’ rest

D if she takes a few days’ rest

Question 30: Life on earth will be destroyed if people keep cutting trees for their

own benefits

A Life on earth will be destroyed unless people stop cutting trees for their own benefits.

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B If we stop to cut the trees for our benefits, the life on earth will be better.

C The more trees we cut for our benefits, the worst the earth becomes.

D If we don’t continue to cut trees for our benefits, life on earth will bedestroyed

4 Dạng 4: Cấu trúc viết lại câu sử dụng câu bị động dạng đặc biệt

Exercise 1:

(Đề thi thử THPTQG sở GD&ĐT Vĩnh Phúc năm 2016 - 2017)

Question 1: People think the Samba is the most popular dance in Brazil.

A It is thought that the Samba was the most popular dance in Brazil

B It is thought that the Samba is among the most popular dances in Brazil

C The Samba is thought to be the most popular dance in Brazil

D In Brazil, the Samba is thought to be one of the most popular dances

Question 2: People know that English is an international language.

A English is known to be an international language.

B It is known English an international language.

C It is known that English to be an international language.

D English known is an international language.

Question 3: Many people think that Steve stole the money.

A It was not Steve who stole the money.

B The money is thought to be stolen by Steve.

C Many people think the money is stolen by Steve.

D Steve is thought to have stolen the money.

Đề thi thử THPTQG sở GD&ĐT Vĩnh Phúc năm 2017 - 2018)

Question 4: People believe that Chinese people invented paper.

A Paper is believed to have been invented by Chinese people.

B Paper is believed to be invented by Chinese people.

C It was believed that Chinese people invent paper.

D Chinese people are believed to invent paper.

Question 5: People believed that the boys started the fire.

A The boys were believed to start the fire.

B It is believed that the fire was started by the boys.

C The boys started the fire was believed.

D It was believed for the boys to start the fire.

Question 6: People say that the house was broken into by two burglars.

A The house is said to have been broken into by two burglars.

B Two burglars are said to break into the house.

C It is said that two burglars have broken into the house.

D The house is said to have broken into by two burglars.

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Question 7: People say he won a lot of money on the lottery.

A He was said to have won a lot of money on the lottery.

B He is said that he won a lot of money on the lottery.

C A lot of money is said to have been won on the lottery.

D He won a lot of money on the lottery, it is said.

Question 8: People say that Mary is a good worker.

A Mary is said that she is a good worker.

B Mary is said that to be a good worker.

C Mary is said to be a good worker.

D It's said to be a good worker

Question 9: They said that the president had arrived in the city.

A The president was said to arrive in the city.

B It was said that the president arrived in the city.

C It is said that the president had arrived in the city.

D The president was said to have arrived in the city.

Question 10: They reported that the teachers expected more.

A The teachers were reported to have been expected more.

B The teachers were expected more.

C The teachers were reported to have expected more.

D The teachers are reported to expect more.

Question 11: People rumoured that he had died in the battle.

A He was rumoured to have been assassinated in the battle

B He was rumoured to have died in the battle

C He was rumoured to be assassinated in the battle

D He was rumoured to be died in the battle

Đề thi tuyển sinh ĐH 2013

Question 12::People say that Mr Goldman gave nearly a million pounds to charity

last year

A Mr Goldman was said to have given nearly a million pounds to charity last year

B Mr Goldman was said to have given nearly a million pounds to charity last year

C Nearly a million pounds is said to have been given to charity by Mr Goldman last year

D Nearly a million pounds is said to be given to charity by Mr Goldman last year

Question 13: It is acknowledged that Vietnam had a complete control over SARS

from a very early stage of the epidemic

A Vietnam is acknowledged to have a complete control over SARS from a very early stage of the epidemic

B Vietnam is acknowledged to have completely controlled SARS from a very early stage of the epidemic

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C Vietnam is acknowledged to have controlled SARS from a very early stage of the epidemic.

D Vietnam was acknowledged to have had a complete control over SARS from a very early stage of the epidemic

Question 5: It is said that the new plane is fuel – efficient

=> The new plane………

Question 6: Everyone believes that the butler inherited her money

Question 14: They say that a fire has completely destroyed the Royal Hotel

=> The Royal Hotel………

=>A fire……… Question 15: They say that the fire is still burning

=> The fire………

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