Sản xuất biodiesel từ nguyên liệu vi tảo Spirulina sử dụng trực tiếp gần điều kiện metanol siêu tới hạn

Sản xuất biodiesel từ nguyên liệu vi tảo Spirulina sử dụng trực tiếp gần điều kiện metanol siêu tới hạn

BIODIESEL PRODUCTION FROM

SPIRULINA MICROALGAE FEEDSTOCK

USING DIRECT TRANSESTERIFICATION

NEAR SUPERCRITICAL METHANOL

CONDITION

Reporter: Tran Thanh Phuc Lecturer: Do Quy Diem, PhD

• Introduction

• Materials and methods

• Results and discussion

• Conclusions

INTRODUCTION

Spirulina Microalgae

• High productivity of lipid

• Non-eatable source

• High growth rate

• Growth in water (freshwater or seawater)

• Environmental benefits of diminishing CO2 from air

• Bioremediation of wastewater from pollutants

Alcohol in the presence of an

alkaline catalyst

BIODIESEL

INTRODUCTION

• Simple and has the advantages regarding environmentally-friendly properties, high

conversion within a short time,

• No need for using acid or base catalysts and so consequently, no need for post treatment

INTRODUCTION

Lipid extraction from biomass is difficult Drawbacks

Separation of used catalyst from products and

treatment of wastewater Drawbacks

direct

transesterification

Supercritical in-situ transesterification

INTRODUCTION

Any substance at

a temperature and pressure above

its critical point

Distinct liquid and gas phases do not exist

• It can effuse through solids like a gas, and dissolvematerials like a liquid

• The molecules in the supercritical fluid have high kinetic energy like a gas and high density like a liquid

Critical point

MATERIALS AND

METHODS

Tubular batch reactor

The reactor was heated with an electric heating jacket while the temperature was sensed using a thermocouple

Pressure was fixed at equilibrium pressure of 12MPa in all

the experiments

The impact of biomass was neglected

Interaction parameters in SRK EOS between methanol and n-Hexane, methanol and water, and n-Hexane and water was obtained 0, -0.9 and 0.51090, using Aspen-Hysys

software databank

Temperature and pressure of n-Hexane is lower than

methanol

Tecrease the critical temperature and pressure of the

system

MATERIALS AND

METHODS

The reactor was brought out of the heating

jacket and was immersed into an ice water

Methanol, glycerol and other polar compounds

FAMEs and n-Hexan

Segregated and retained

MATERIALS AND

METHODS

Filtered

Washed

Transferred to separatory funnel

FAMEs are transferred to n-Hexane phase

BIODIESEL

GC-MS

Run

order Temperature Time to-dry algaeMethanol- Co- solvent- to-dry algae Moisture content

Critical Temperature (oC)

Critical Pressure (Mpa)

FAME yield (%)

Experimental conditions and alkyl esters yields

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Methanol-to-dry microalgae ratio effect

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Hexane-to-dry microalgae ratio effect

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The presence of additional n-hexane as a

co-solvent had a negative impact on the efficiency

of biodiesel production

In supercritical condition, methanol plays as

solvent in addition to its reactant role

No need for another solvent and the additional solvent just reduces the concentration and density of the

reactants

Moisture content effect

(1) Fatty acid methyl ester production reaction is a reversible reaction and water can reverse the esterification reaction toward methanol and free fatty acid production

(2) Water can form a hydrated layer around the biomass and prevent the lipid from bulk releasing into the reaction medium (3) Triglyceride

hydrolysis reaction may occur instead of transesterification

reaction

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Increasing percentage of humidity fatty acid methyl ester yield decreased

Maximum yield of 99.32% in comparison with the reference method

Study various aspects of biodiesel production, by the method described,

in order to reduce operating costs and industrialize this procedure can be

considered as future work