When you finish this chapter, you should: Describe the value added of personal selling, define the steps in the personal selling process, describe the key functions involved in managing a sales force, describe the ethical and legal issues in personal selling.
Trang 1Chapter 10:
Sales Force Ethics
Trang 2Assume you are taking a makeup final exam in a
separate room and you need an A to pass the course, otherwise you might have to go to summer school and delay graduation for three months. You are 99% certain that your professor will not check in on you while you are taking the test and you have your textbook and
notes in your book bag, which is sitting next to you on the floor. You are stumped on a few questions (enough
so that you probably won’t get your A). If you looked in your notes and text, you would answer them correctly.
Do you look?
Trang 3got your A on the test you would receive $5,000 (in addition to graduating).
Now would you look
TO LOOK OR NOT TO LOOK
Trang 4“Former employees have alleged the company induced doctors to use Infuse and other spine products by sending them on lavish trips to
resorts, paying them undeserved royalties, and handing out lucrative consulting contracts that required little work.”
(David Armstrong, Wall Street Journal, Oct. 3, 2008)
Trang 5vendors from using fancy gifts to win favor with CVS execs. But the rules don’t apply to the company’s
annual charity golf tournament, where vendors pay big bucks for trips with key CVS executives,
Greg Norman, left, talks with CVS President Tom Ryan, second from right, as others look on during the 6th Annual CVS Charity Classic in 2004.
Trang 6Examples of Pressures Facing Sales Managers
Incentives to provide favorable earnings reports
High rewards for short –term profits at expense of longterm growth
Greed
Reputation
Other?
Trang 7 You are the regional sales manager of a
technologybased firm.
Stacy, one of your branch managers, wants to fire Kathy, a salesperson you hired last year, for
underperformance (lack of territory development).
While there are no formal quotas, the other
salespeople have had doubledigit revenue growth recently, while Kathy has experienced 8% growth.
Kathy works 40 hour weeks, however, everyone else puts in about 5060 hours per week.
Kathy is devoted mother with full custody of her 5 yearold daughter and no child support or other
assistance from her exhusband.
Trang 8that Kathy’s responsibilities at home have been keeping her from fully realizing her
territory’s potential.
unmarried and in their early 20’s, the long hours had not raised workfamily issues.
“familyfriendly” organization.
Trang 9everyone else has been working longer
hours, experienced doubledigit growth, and future competitive pressures on the company would be intensifying?
executives believe in creating a “family
friendly” organization and you now have a
chance to do something tangible to support this culture?
Trang 10Coworkers Managers Ethical Policies
Community
Ethical norms
Culture
Profession
Family
Religion
Legal System
Law Punishment
Self
Influences in Ethical Decision Making
Trang 11Correlations With Career Impact and Supplier Choice
Ethicality Ethicality Ethicality
Gifts to Current Customers:
1 Give purchaser who was one of best customers
2 Gave one of best customers a $25 Christmas
.65
3 Buys lunch for a purchasing agent 3.77 .34 .25
4 Gives every customer a present worth
5 Provides entertainment for purchasing agent
such as tickets to sporting events 2.63 59 55
Puts Own Interest First:
1 Quotes higher than normal price for product
during temporary shortage situation 1.75 12 52
2 Lets it be know he has information about a
competitor if purchasing agent is interested 1.90 38 61
3 Hints if order is placed, price might be lower
Trang 124 Only stresses positive aspects of product,
omitting possible problem purchasing
5 Grants price concession to purchasing agent
6 Attempts to sell product to purchasing agent
that has little or no value to buyer’s company 2.06 38 40
7 Uses “backdoor”selling instead of going
Gifts to Prospects:
1 Gave purchaser who had not done business
before Christmas present worth $10 2.13 53 54
2 Gave purchase who had not bought from
the firm a Christmas gift worth $25 1.72 47 61
3 A $50 Christmas gift sent to purchaser who
has been called on but had not placed an order 1.63 38 41
Purchasing Agent’s Ratings of Sales Activities and
Correlations With Career Impact and Supplier Choice
Ethicality Ethicality Ethicality
Trang 131 In reciprocal buying situation, salesperson hints
unless order is forthcoming, prospect’s
2 Attempts to use economic power of firm to
obtain concessions from the buyer 1.99 29 57
3 Attempts to get purchasing agent to divulge
competitor’s bid in low bid buying situation 1.64 26 36
4 Exaggerated how quickly order will be
Preferential Treatment:
1 In shortage situation allocates product
shipments to purchasing agent he personally liked 1.91 40 67
2 Grants concessions to purchasing manager
depending on how much he likes manager 2.24 35 55
3 Give preferential treatment to customers who
Note: 5 = very unethical; 1 = very ethical. Correlations over.25 are significant at 0.01 level
Purchasing Agent’s Ratings of Sales Activities and
Correlations With Career Impact and Supplier Choice
Ethicality Ethicality Ethicality
Trang 14Get the Facts
List the Options
Make Your Decision
Ethical Checklist
Trang 15Common Sales Ethics Issues
Hiring and Firing
House Accounts
Expense Accounts
Gifts for Buyers
Bribes
Entertainment
Trang 16* Have you or your colleagues ever offered potential clients personal gifts valued at more than $100 in exchange for their business?
88.60%
11.40%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Yes No
Trang 17In your opinion, would a personal gift valued at $100 $500 given to a potential client by a salesperson constitutes a bribe?
94.00%
6.00%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Questionable/ Bribe Acceptable
Trang 18 Clayton Antitrust Act
– Prohibits price discrimination, certain exclusive dealing arrangements, and mergers which may substantially reduce competition or create a monopoly.
MagnusonMoss Warranty Act
– Illegal for salespeople to coerce customers into purchasing replacement components at higher prices than a third party could provide by threatening the buyer that such action would void the product’s warranty
Federal Sentencing Commission for Organizations
– Holds both the employee and the employee’s company responsible for
compliance with federal regulations
Fair Packaging and Labeling Act
– Standard package sizes and disclosure of the manufacturer’s or distributor’s name
Consumer Credit Protection Act
– Illegal for loan companies and retailers to avoid misleading consumers.
Trang 19you to follow the spirit and letter of the law.
rules, then the troops are apt to do likewise.
quota are more likely to rationalize their way to a kickback
scheme.
their income.
demands.
problem.
Trang 20“The reputation of a thousand years
is determined by the conduct of one hour.”
Japanese Proverb
“There is no pillow as soft
as a clear conscience.”
Blanchard and Peale
“When in doubt, tell the truth.
It will confound your enemies and astound your friends.”
Mark Twain