Multi beneficial for mitigation of climate change in vietnam and indochina countries by development of biomass energy project

i f « ' © # < § >Japan International Coopcrataion Agency Vietnam National University Osaka Prefecture University Japan Science and Technology Agency Science and Technology Research Partn

i f « ' © # < § >

Japan International Coopcrataion Agency Vietnam National University Osaka Prefecture University Japan Science and Technology Agency

Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development

(SATREPS)

MULTI-BENEFICIAL FOR MITIGATION OF CLIMATE CHANGE

IN VIETNAM AND INDOCHINA COUNTRIES

BY DEVELOPMENT OF BIOMASS ENERGY PROJECT

The 1st Joint C oordinating Com m ittee (JCC) M eeting

January 7th, 2013 Vietnam National University, Hanoi Hanoi University of Science, Faculty of Chemistry

J I C A

Japan International Coopcrataion Agency

Vietnam National University Osaka Prefecture University©— •* - Japan Science and Technology Agency

Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development

(SATREPS)

MULTI-BENEFICIAL FOR MITIGATION OF CLIMATE CHANGE

IN VIETNAM AND INDOCHINA COUNTRIES

BY DEVELOPMENT OF BIOMASS ENERGY PROJECT

The 1st Joint Coordinating C om m ittee (JCC) M eeting

January 7th, 2013 Vietnam National University, Hanoi Hanoi University o f Science, Faculty o f Chemistry

9:00-9^0 Speech - OPU Representative

Speech - JICA Representatives Speech - MPI Representative Speech - JST Representative

9:30-10:00 Overview Report 2012 - Prof Yasuaki Maeda, Prof Luu Van Boi

10:00-10:20 Groupl Selection and Cultivation o f oil plants in Japan - P ro f Yoshiaki Kitaya (OPU)

10:20-10:40 Group 1 Selection and Cultivation o f oil plants in Vietnam - P ro f Nguyen Thi Quynh

(VNUHCM), P ro f Le Dinh Kha(IIFPD), Dr Hoang Thanh Loc (IIFPD)

10:40-11:00 Groupl Study on climatic and soil conditions for the growth o f Jatropha curcas

Dr Nguyen Thi Hoang Ha (VNUHN), Dr Nguyen An Thinh (VNUHN)

11:00-11:20 Dioxins analysis in soil o f Jatropha curcas plantation site

Group2

Dr Isao Watanabe (Ehime Univ.), Representative o f CEM

11:20-11:40 Group2 Determination o f heavy metals in soil of Jatropha curcas plantation site -

Representative o f IET

11:40-12:00 Group3 Development o f clean technology for BDF production from rice bran oil and rubber

seed oil, PPD preparation and Glycerin utilization.

Representatives o f VNUHN and O PU

12:00-13:30 Lunch break Lunch at MOET Restaurant, 23 Le Thanh Tong str.

-,

Afternoon

Presentation (cont)

13:30-13:50 Group4 Monitoring pollutants from engines using BDF Air pollution monitoring in HCM

Prof Norimichi Taken aka (OPU), Dr To Thi Hien (VNUHCM)

13:50-14:10 Group5 Evaluation of the project Group l-Group4

Prof K oji Otsuka (OPU)

14:10-14:30 2013 Operation Plan - Prof Yasuaki Maeda (OPU), Prof Luu Van Boi (VNUHN)

14:30-15:00 Discussion

• ■■ ■ 15:00-15:15 Summary a:nd Evaluation- Prof Kenji Yamaji -C hief o f SATREPS Study-

15:15-15:25 Closing remark - Prof Yasuaki M aeda (OPU), P ro f Luu Van Boi (VNUHN)

15:25-17:30 Visit the site of new office building and the BDF production pilot plant and IET monitoring

station.

((C offee a n d s n a c k s a r e s e r v e d o u ts id e d u r in g th e m e e tin g )

1 / 5 / 2 0 1 3

Multi-beneficial Measure for Mitigation of Climate

Change in Vietnam and Indochina Countries by

Cultivation-Production-Utilization of Biomass Energy

Osaka Prefecture Univ.,Ehime Univ JIRCAS, Osaka City Univ

VNU-Hanoi, VNU-HCMC, CEM/MONRE, IET, ITB/VAST,

DOF/MARD, OPI/MOIT

From Upstream to Down stream

Multi-beneficial Measure for Mitigation of Climate Change in Vietnam and

Indochina Countries by Cultivation-Production-Utilization of Biomass energy

1

1 / 5 / 2 0

Raw Materials

First Generation: Waste cooking oil,

Small Amounts, Soap Formation, Water contents

Soy bean , Rape seed: Food Price up

Second Generation: Jatropha Curcas,

Phorbol ester Rubber seed, Free Fatty Acid Third Generation: Algae, Sea Weeds

95%< water Effective Extraction

More than 7 millions ha of desolated area

(Slash and Burn Agriculture, Agent Orange)

1 / 5 / 2 0 1 3

3

1 / 5 / 2 0

1 Va Bi

2 Quang Tri

3 Trang Bang

1 / 5 / 2 0 1 3

Cultivation o f Jatropha Curcas at Va Bi

BAVI, HM 2011 B \V 1,3Æ ,2012

5

1 / 5 / 2 0 1 3

Trang Bang experimental cite (5 ha)

Evaluation of varieties Research on watering

Managed by Vietnam Research Institute for Oils and

Oil Plants

1

1 / 5 / 2 0 1 3

Pangamía Pinnata

Oil ìirld - Millenia Pimiala vs Otiier Oil Seed Crops

Tonnes I V r l h M ' l a i r IVr V i i r @ (i Vf'irs

Millettia

23

3

1 / 5 / 2 0

Cat Fish Fillet Production in An Giang

1 / 5 / 2 0 1 3

BDF production from Cat fish oil

1

1 / 5 / 2 0 1 3

BDF fueled Bus in OPU

3

1 / 5 / 2 0 1 3

Oxidation of Alcohol with Pt electrode

ref erence: Ag/AgCI el ect rode

wor ki ng: Pt f i l m<2cm X 2cm - ^sur f eceScm1)

Evaluation of multi-beneficial Effects

( Protection of Climate Change,, Improvement of air, water and soil pollution,

Overcome of Poverty and Economical Effect)

Com posting

Water Pollution at Ha _Long Bay

!< i t

C o llectio n o f

th e w a ste

1 / 5 / 2 0 1 3

Thank you!

7

Groupl Selection and Cultivation of oil plants in Japan

Yoshiaki Kitaya ( OPU ) Tsutomu Fushimi ( JIRCAS )

Objectives on Jatropha culture and oil production

Growth and phenological aspects as affected by environmental conditions

Selection of elite trees from many varieties,

provenances and hybridization

Multiplication of selected trees by cuttings and tissue culture for nursery plant production

Higher yields with low costs by more suitable

irrigation, fertilization, planting density and pruning Protection against diseases and insects

Effective methods for collecting fruits and handling seeds

Identification of seed characteristics (contents of oil and other valuable ingredients)

2013 / 1/

Osaka Prefecture

University -Research on the culture m ethod especially

fo r controlling root zone environm ents fo r

higher production

Research on effective utilization o f residual

wastes especially fo r establishing m ethane

ferm entation o f residues fro m fru its and

seeds, and fo r making fe rtilize r fro m m ethane

digestate -Distances of the underground water table

from the soil surface

2013/ 1/5

JIRCAS in Ishigaki Island, Okinawa

Research on th e culture m ethod especially fo r

managing fertilization, pruning, planting density

fo r higher production

Research on measures and control o f diseases

and insects

3

2013 / 1 /

Plantation of oil plants at this site will be a model

case for producing bio-diesel fuels in devastated

! lands as well as recovering ecosystems,

¿mitigation of spoiled environment, and

' reclamation of waste organic materials.

5

Other candidates of oil plants

i

JOINT COORDINATING COMMITTEE (JCC) MEETING

Hanoi, January 7, 2013

micropropagation

Nguyen Thi Quynh

Institute of Tropical Biology, VAST

Table 1 Effect of sugar types on growth of

Jatropha shoot cultured in vitro at day 42

a IFW (mg/pit)

ss Root length (mm/pit)

E ffect of supporting m aterial on increased fresh w e ig h t and root length of Jatropha plant cultured in vitro at day 42.

Table 2 Effect of supporting material on leaf area

and increase dry weight of Jatropha plant culture

Increased fre sh w eight of Jatropha plant cultured in vitro

on d iffe re n t m edia at day 42.

Table 3 Number of leaves, root dry weight (RDW)

and increased dry weight (IDW) of Jatropha plants cultured in vitro on different medium on day 42

(g/D

No leaves

RDW (mg/plt)

IDW (mg/plt)

Bo B5 0 0 7.00 T— o C C ja 42.20 MS1 MS 1/2 Morel 20 10.25 31.82 a 158.73 MS1o MS 1/2 0 0 6.25 9.30 b 37.63

- Vessel volume: 7 L

- Transplant density: 300 nodes rrr2

- Supporting material: perlite (1.4 L/vessel)

- Medium: MS 1/2 (1.4 L/vessel) without sucrose and vitamins

- PPF: 120 [jmol nrv2 s-1

- Airflow rate: 4 L min1

- Culture period 55 days

Airflow rate: 11 L min-1

Culture period 55 days

Table 4 Number of leaves, plant height, length and leaf area of

Jatropha plants cultured in vitro in 7 L and 60 L vessel on day 55

leaves

Shoot length (mm/pit)

Root length (mm/pit)

Leaf area (cm 2/plt)

Table 5 Plant fresh weight (FW), increased fresh weight, plant dry

weight (DW), increased dry weight and % dry matter of Jatropha plants cultured in vitro in 7 L and 60 L vessels on day 55

IDW (mg/pit)

% dry matter

_ _ _

Root, le a f and stem fresh w e ig h t of Jatropha plant cultured

in vitro in 7 L and 60 L v e s s e ls on day 55.

Root, le a f and stem dry w e ig h t of Jatropha plant cultured in vitro in 7 L and 60 L ve sse ls on day 55.

CHALLENGES FOR FUTURE RESEARCH

Shoot formation on leaf culture on the MS 1/2 medium supplemented with sucrose 30 g/l, IBA 0.01 mg/l và TDZ 0.02 mg/l) on day 50 First observation on day 7.

Friable, easily broken roots

JICA-VNU Project Multi-beneficial measure for mitigation of climate change in Vietnam

and Indochina oountries by development of biomass energy

a In Ba Vi district, Hanoi city

b In Huong Hoa district, Quang Tri province

This report aimed at ■

is suitable for

■-Jatropha planting in Ba Vi district (belong to

Northern region of Vietnam) and Huong Hoa

district (belong to the Central region of Vietnam)

s Pointing to climatic, soil and land use conditions

• ' '£ ■

at two levels: suitable or unsuitable

± the conditions include the ecological requirements

of Jatropha on temperature, rainfall, land slope, soil quality, landuse and others (hydrologie

condition, erosion, etc.)

X / U/ ¿-\J A.

dataMeteorological

4- The meteorological data used in

this study released by:

4- the BaVi and Huong Hoa

meteorological stations

(supported by local governments)

± the WeatherLink Data Logger and

Software system (supported by

JICA)

± Thirty-six criteria: temperature,

rainfall, wind, heat, solar, etc.

4- Time-steps: thirty minutes

3

4- In Ba Vi (Ha Noi): 16th November 2012,13 samples were

collected and 11 samples were analyzed

5 V- ■

4 k In Huong Hoa (Quang Tri): 3-5 December 2012,12

samples were collected and 10 samples were analyzed

-> Objective: to determine optimal soil conditions for the

growth of Jatropha curcas

SOIL SAMPLING

- ■ ; ■ ": ■ ■ • it ■ ' ■ - ; ■ - ■y

elastics, big bags, whiteboard makers

4- Instruments: refrigerated box, shaking machine,

centrifuges, beakers, a funnel, filter papers, flasks 250

ml, 25ml titration tube, burette standard scales.

4- Sampling: samples of a mixture of top soil (0 - 20 cm)

were collected, packed in polyethylene bags, labeled

and brought to the laboratory.

SOIL QUALITY ANALYSIS

Analysis methods:

- Soil texture: Rhobinson method

- Total nitrogen: Kendan method

- Available nitrogen: Chiurin - Cononova method

- NH4+: colorimetric method

- N03': disunphophenic method (Grandwal, Laioux);

- Total phosphorus: colorimetric method

- Available phosphorus: Oniani method;

- Available potassium: Kiecxalop method;

- Total organic carbon: Chiurin method;

- Heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Mn): atomic absorption spectrometric;

- Mg2+, Ca2+: trilon B

- Al3+: Xocolop method

SOME INITIAL RESULTS:

Land evaluation for Jatropha

planting in Ba Vi and Huong Hoa

5

the yield of Jatropha seed will fall significantly when annual mean temperature falls below 15-17°C.

■4 Rainfall: too arid or too moisture both go against

Jatropha growth Jatropha seed yield falls when annual mean rainfall is less than 700 mm or over 1300 mm.

evaluation for Jatropha:

4 Land slope: directly affects drainage, irrigation, and soil erosion

The land with a slope over 25° is regarded as unsuitable for crop

as it easily causes water loss and soil erosion.

4 Soil quality: including soil type, depth, humus, soil texture, etc.

T u ble 1 T em perature, vui! m oisture, and la n d d o p e u nder three categories o f la n d s u ita b ility fu r Jairopha p la n ta tio n *

Suitable M oderate » J tu b le L'nsu lia b le Annual mean tem perature (XT)

.Annual e xtrem e m in im u m tem perature ( ’C )

D u im th w a itc h u m id ity index

• - - ■ ■ :

•- ,V-S5 vV '•;\ :>'■ 'X -'■ "<'>■.>'< "■ ■ t

1 R e s u l t s f o r B A V I P I L O T

- Erosion at high level due

to land use activities in the past (fire, logging, etc.)

8.4433937.47.4 Based on

8.5 ^6.6 8.7 8.58.5 % 8.4

33

k 93

7.47.4 7-4

w 7.4

WeatherLink data collection in 2012

Based on WeatherLink data collection in 2012

± Rainfall (January) 34.6 mm

Date Time Energy Rad Index Dose

I m ■ ■

Solar energy \ February and November is higher than it in January

m e/

100gsoil

%

P 2Os

P<«

m g/100g soil

N*

(%)

Ntp

m g/100gsoil

NOs'

m g /1 00g soil

n h4*

m g/100gsoil

Mg"*

m e/

100gsoil

S a m p le % c la y P o ro sity % (g /c n f )

(< 2 1 0 ‘3mm)

% limon (2 1 0 ’3-0.5m m )

% c la y (0.5 -1 m m ) C la ssific a tio n

Existing landuse condition

± Mainly paddy fields,» I < «settlements, and

productive forest lands

*4 Mostly include small patches

± Difficult to find large barren or grass patches

fo rJ a tro p h a p la n ta tio n

J / D/ ¿ U l J

HUONG HOA pilot located in the western Truong Son mountain, nearby Laos PDR

to human activities in the past (fire, logging, war, etc.)

4- 104-140 cm layer: sandy clay texture, mixed small stone, humus poor soil

17

X/ _>/

rich soil

^ • 4 40-52 cm layer: sandy texture, humus poor soil

4 Under 50 cm layer:

sandy clay texture, mixed small stone, humus poor soil

N *(% ) m g /1 0Og

Soil quality analysis

% c la y

( < 2 1 0 '3m m )

% lim on ( 2 1 0 '3-0 5 m m )

% c la y (0 5 -

J-/ ->/

❖ Low concentrations of Ca 2 +,Mg2+, and NH4+

(S im ila r t o B a Vi p ilo t)

—« • ■ ■ ' ■ ■ mm' m

Soil quality in Huong Hoa pilot

^Concentrations of some trace essential elements

(Cu, Zn, Mn) in Huong Hoa pilot are lower than

those in Ba Vi;

* pH(H 2 0), pH(KCI) in Huong Hoa pilot are higher

than those in Ba Vi

s Ca2+, Mg 2+, NH4+ in Huong Hoa pilot are higher

than those in Ba Vi.

i / O / i ' U i J

Meteorological conditions

Table 2: Monthly and yearly mean rainfall in Huong Hoa

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year

te m p e ra tu e under 18°C

N um ber

of m o n th s have

te m p e ra tu e

u n d e r 20°C

N um ber

of m onths have

te m p e ra tu e

m o re th a n 27°C

"^ITlâï(°C) frnin(°C)

The

h o tte st

m onth

The coldest

m onth j1j1

(Source: Khe Sanh meteorological station, 2010)

Rain season: during May and November

- The coldest temperature falls in January with value is 16.1°C

- The lowest value is 7.7°C, falls in January

(Source: Khe Sanh meteorological station, 2010)

Wind HI HIRun Speed Dir0.54 3.1 SW0.54 3.1 WSW0.54 2.7 WSWC.S 3.6 W0.54 3.1 WC.27 2.7 WSWC.54 3.1 WNWC.6 3.6 SWC.8 3.1 SSW1.07 5.4 SW1.61 5.8 W1.07 4.9 SW1.07 4.9 WC.8 4.9 W1.34 4.9 WNW1.07 4.5 WNW1.34 4.9 W

Wind Wind Speed Dir19.3 C.9 SW19.1 0.9 SW19.3 0.9 SW19.2 1.3 W19.3 0.9 W19.4 0.4 SW19.2 0.9 SW19.4 1.3 SW19.4 1.3 SW20.9 1.8 SW20.4 2.7 W19.3 1.8 SW20.3 1.8 W20.1 1.3 W20.6 2.2 SW20.6 1.8 W20.2 2.2 W

2 1