Who was the seventeenth-century British political philosopher who wrote that without government, life would be "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short?" a?. an agreement to form gover
Trang 11. The millennial generation is normally defined as those born
a. before WWII
b. between the mid-1940s and mid-1960s
c. between the mid-1960s and early 1980s
d. between the early 1980s and early 2000s
e. in the last ten years
ANSWER: d
2. According to the authors, which of the following is NOT true regarding the millennial generation?
a. They were affected by the great recession of 2008
b. They have had virtually no impact on presidential elections since 2008
c. The September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks play an important role in the formation of their political attitudes
d. They contributed significantly to the victories of Barack Obama in 2008 and 2012
e. They were born between the early 1980s and early 2000s
ANSWER: b
3. In 2008, presidential candidate Barack Obama used which of the following to build extensive volunteer networks and
campaign donations in the amount of about a half billion dollars?
a. television
b. radio
c. Facebook
d. newspaper
e. door-to-door solicitation
ANSWER: c
4. Which of the following presidents is not recognized for his use of breakthrough technology to revolutionize political
campaigning?
a. Barack Obama
b. John F. Kennedy
c. Franklin Delano Roosevelt
d. Andrew Jackson
e. George Washington
ANSWER: e
Trang 2of that nation must live
a. Congress
b. Bureaucracy
c. Courts
d. Civic academy
e. Government
ANSWER: e
6. is a state of lawlessness and discord in the political system caused by lack of government
a. Anomie
b. Alliance
c. Anarchy
d. Oligarchy
e. Non-compliance
ANSWER: c
7. Who was the seventeenth-century British political philosopher who wrote that without government, life would be
"solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short?"
a. Thomas Hobbes
b. John Locke
c. Queen Elizabeth II
d. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
e. Thomas Jefferson
ANSWER: a
8. Jean-Jacques Rousseau, an eighteenth-century French philosopher, posited that
a. American democracy would end in failure
b. a social contract exists between the people and government
c. capitalism was a failed policy
d. France would become a world superpower
e. democracy was antithetical to freedom
ANSWER: b
Trang 3a. an agreement to form government and abide by its rules and laws, in return for governmental protection of
rights and welfare
b. a civil agreement binding two parties to a monetary promise in exchange for labor
c. a peace accord between two sovereign nations
d. an alliance of racial and ethnic groups within a society with the goal of keeping social order
e. a mediated peace
ANSWER: a
10. Democracy can be defined as a government in which
a. elected officials have autonomy and all power is removed from the people
b. a small exclusive class holds supreme power
c. religion plays a significant role in decision-making
d. the crown is passed down from one member of the royal family to another
e. the people, either directly or through elected representatives, hold political power
ANSWER: e
11. A(n) is a form of government in which a small exclusive class holds supreme power
a. republic
b. monarchy
c. oligarchy
d. theocracy
e. civic union
ANSWER: c
12. A form of government in which a particular religion plays a dominant and controlling role in government, is described
as
a. a democracy
b. a theocracy
c. a monarchy
d. an oligarchy
e. a plutocracy
ANSWER: b
Trang 4a. The people hold power and authority
b. One group or person maintains complete control and suppresses all other groups and interests
c. Literacy is nonexistent among the common citizens
d. A particular religion or faith plays a dominant role in the governing process
e. A coalition of parties comes together for decision-making purposes
ANSWER: b
14. Iraq under Saddam Hussein, and North Korea under Kim Jong-un are both examples of the _ form of
government
a. democratic
b. authoritarian
c. monarchy
d. theocratic
e. authoritative
ANSWER: b
15. A form of government in which one member of a royal family exercises supreme authority is
a. an oligarchy
b. a theocracy
c. an authoritarian government
d. a monarchy
e. a democracy
ANSWER: d
16. In considering government, power
a. always has negative results
b. is not conducive to democracy
c. does not exist in a democracy
d. is necessary in order that government may enforce its rules
e. is necessary in a democracy in order that antigovernment forces may be kept quiet and under control
ANSWER: d
Trang 5a. protect people's rights and welfare
b. sustain anarchy
c. produce employment opportunities
d. prevent poverty
e. provide economic equality of results
ANSWER: a
18. A government can be viewed as legitimate when
a. there is no opposition to its policies
b. all officials are elected with a majority of the popular vote
c. the governed afford the government the authority and right to exercise power
d. it attempts to make all citizens happy
e. it takes the form of a democracy
ANSWER: c
19. In which of the following ways would a government increase its level of legitimacy?
a. More people subscribe to the goals of government
b. It is able to suppress all dissent
c. The governed publicly express no opposition
d. It attempts to prevent all crime
e. It operates in an authoritarian manner
ANSWER: a
20. The process through which government institutes are influenced in their decision-making is
a. legitimacy
b. sovereignty
c. power
d. politics
e. anarchy
ANSWER: d
Trang 6as
a. politics
b. legitimacy
c. efficacy
d. self-determination
e. anarchy
ANSWER: a
22. According to John Locke, people are born with certain rights, such as life, liberty, and property
a. natural
b. civil
c. statutory
d. criminal
e. contractual
ANSWER: a
23. Political philosopher John Locke proposed that government must be based on .
a. heredity rule
b. divine-right theory
c. a theocratic form
d. authoritarian principles
e. consent of the governed
ANSWER: e
24. The Framers designed a government that encourages conflict and competition rather than attempting to repress it
This reflects whose
notion that the essence of government is to manage naturally occurring conflicts?
a. Harold Lasswell
b. Alexander Hamilton
c. Thomas Jefferson
d. John Locke
e. Thomas Hobbes
ANSWER: e
Trang 7a. drafted a blueprint for how the government should go about dealing with problems and conflicts into the future
b. were only concerned with problems immediately facing the new nation
c. guaranteed the losers of political battles rights and liberties
d. included mechanisms to resolve conflicts in a procedural manner
e. established rules for settling conflicts based on fairness and proper procedure
ANSWER: b
26. Political philosopher Thomas Hobbes believed that the essence of government is
a. to make all people happy to the extent that this is possible
b. to manage naturally occurring conflicts
c. to repress any opposition to the legitimate government
d. that it has no moral authority
e. to produce wealth for every human being
ANSWER: b
27. Natural law can be defined as
a. an agreement people make with one another to form a government and abide by its rules and laws
b. a form of government in which one political party, group, or person maintains complete control over the nation
c. the extent to which the people afford the government the authority to exercise power
d. the essence of government is to manage naturally occurring conflicts
e. the rules of conduct inherent in the relationship among human beings
ANSWER: e
28. One of the most important reasons for the strength and endurance of the democracy of the U.S. is
a. the Constitution's flexibility to adapt to changing times
b. a lack of political conflict
c. the ability of ordinary citizens to change the Constitution
d. its declaration that the power of government is supreme
e. that it is steadfast and cannot change
ANSWER: a
29. The idea that the ultimate source of power in the nation is held by the people, is
a. absolute monarchy
b. popular sovereignty
c. authoritarianism
d. separation of powers
e. divine right theory
ANSWER: b
Trang 8a. In a representative democracy taxes are less obvious
b. In a direct democracy the individual citizens directly make policies, rules, and other governing decisions
c. A representative democracy eliminates the ability of the citizens to influence governing decisions
d. The only difference between the two is the way in which representatives are elected
e. Representative democracy allows more citizen involvement than direct democracy
ANSWER: b
31. Representative democracy is often referred to as
a. a monarchy
b. capitalism
c. federalism
d. a republican form of government
e. direct democracy
ANSWER: d
32. Which of the following accurately describes an indirect democracy?
a. Regular elections allow voters to choose representatives
b. Economic elites make decisions for the country as a whole
c. Social elites make decisions for the country as a whole
d. The people come together to discuss and decide on policy
e. The judicial system creates legislation
ANSWER: a
33. How does a direct democracy work?
a. The economic elite are the decision makers
b. Individual citizens gather to make governing decisions
c. Elected representatives make decisions on behalf of the public
d. The public can give input, but the decisions are made by elected officials
e. A constitutional court must review all government decision-making
ANSWER: b
34. Sovereignty in the United States rests with the
a. president
b. Congress
c. people
d. states
e. Supreme Court
ANSWER: c
Trang 9a. the people
b. the courts
c. the bureaucracy
d. religious leaders
e. elected representatives
ANSWER: e
36. The values and beliefs toward government and its operations and institutions, widely held among its citizens in a
society, are referred to as .
a. political culture
b. political leaning
c. partisanship
d. collective ideology
e. politics
ANSWER: a
37. All of the following form the core set of values that define the American political culture, EXCEPT
a. a common ancestry
b. ideas generated by democratic political philosophers
c. ideas generated by Enlightenment philosophers
d. immigrants from around the world
e. immigrants who settled the colonies
ANSWER: a
38. Which of the following is not true of the first immigrants coming to America?
a. They were seeking a better life and improved economic conditions
b. They were fleeing from religious or political persecution
c. They were almost all forced here against their will
d. They found the land first occupied by Native Americans
e. Their arrival had a profound influence on the core values of American political culture
ANSWER: c
Trang 10a. liberty
b. pluralism
c. plurality
d. majority rule
e. politics
ANSWER: d
40. In policy development, a recent commitment to majority rule is a heavy reliance on
a. historical facts
b. support from other countries
c. funding
d. public opinion
e. belief in fairness
ANSWER: d
41. Thomas Jefferson described the concept of limited government as
a. "The state government is limited in its ability to tax its citizens."
b. "No federal government can circumvent the power of the states."
c. "The government that governs least governs best."
d. "The state government is subservient to the federal government."
e. "There are limits to the powers that states can exercise."
ANSWER: c
42. The concept of individualism is a collective American value meaning .
a. citizens are primarily responsible for their lot in life
b. court rulings are custom made to suit the individual
c. the rights of the individual outweigh the rights and powers of the government
d. the individual is expected to look after others
e. “my rights are more important than your rights”
ANSWER: a
43. The idea of limited government is supported by all of the following, EXCEPT the
a. idea that “the government that governs least governs best”
b. idea that government should regulate industries to ensure consumer protection
c. “watchdog” function of the press
d. separation of powers
e. system of checks and balances
ANSWER: b
Trang 11a. popular sovereignty
b. limited government
c. authoritarianism
d. majority rule
e. individual rights
ANSWER: c
45. According to the Pew Research Center, which group is projected to become the largest immigrant group in the U.S
by 2055?
a. Hispanics
b. Asians
c. Europeans
d. Russians
e. Africans
ANSWER: b
46. According to the Pew Research Center, which group is currently the largest immigrant group in the U.S.?
a. Hispanics
b. Asians
c. Europeans
d. Russians
e. Africans
ANSWER: a
47. Between 1880 and 1920, there was a surge in immigration in the U.S., as immigrants left the economic and political
strife in , seeking jobs and opportunity in the United States
a. Mexico
b. Asia
c. Canada
d. Europe
e. Africa
ANSWER: d
Trang 12nobility upon its citizens
a. The Bill of Rights
b. The Emancipation Proclamation
c. Article I of the Constitution
d. The Declaration of Independence
e. The sovereignty clause of Article II of the Constitution
ANSWER: c
49. According to the authors of the textbook, history has shown that ethnic and racial diversity in our nation
has .
a. weakened our social fabric
b. reduced racial tensions
c. enhanced the quality of our culture and helped to guarantee the fairness of the government
d. led to a society in which it is necessary to have multiple layers of government, each serving a different ethnic
constituency
e. resulted in religious purity
ANSWER: c
50. The idea that individuals should have the same opportunity for success, is referred to as
a. equality of opportunity
b. social equality
c. economic equality of results
d. religious equality
e. political equality
ANSWER: a
51. Which of the following was cited as evidence of the failure of the capitalist system?
a. the passage of Medicare
b. the sharp drop in the price per share of Facebook immediately after its initial public offering
c. the passage of the Homestead Act
d. the collapse of some of the largest U.S. financial institutions and the real estate market in 2008
e. the launch of Sputnik I
ANSWER: d
Trang 13system?
a. the decline of the United States as an economic superpower
b. partisan gridlock that holds up policies moving through it
c. big money in American elections
d. the death of capitalism
e. the rights of certain racial and ethnic groups being slowly taken away
ANSWER: e
53. Leading economists have predicted that it is most likely that _ will be the world's economic superpower
throughout the rest of the 21st century
a. Japan
b. India
c. China
d. the United States
e. the European Union
ANSWER: d
54. According to the text, partisan gridlock
a. reached an all-time low in 2011
b. results in a higher than average rate of laws being passed
c. has never led to the shutdown of government
d. has not occurred in the United States since the 19th Century
e. has indicated a lack of common ground
ANSWER: e
55. The Supreme Court’s landmark decision in cemented the role that big money plays in determining election
outcomes
a. the Voting Rights Act
b. the American Care Act
c. the Texas voter ID bill
d. Citizens United v. FEC
e. Hooker vs. Illinois State Board of Elections
ANSWER: d
Essay
56. Trace the history of how communication mediums have played a major role in political campaigns, and which
presidential candidates are known for using breakthrough technology to revolutionize campaigning. Describe the
communication mediums that are currently playing a role in presidential elections
ANSWER: Answers will vary.