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Multiple Choice Questions - (73) Bloom's: Understand - (70)
True/False Questions - (24) Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe how development is conceptualized - (21)
Essay Questions - (5) Learning Objective: 01-02 Summarize how individual differences; contexts; and the timing of influences affect development - (24)
Odd Numbered - (51) Learning Objective: 01-03 Summarize the recurrent philosophical issues of and points of consensus in the study of development - (6)
Even Numbered - (51) Learning Objective: 01-04 Describe the major theoretical approaches - (32)
Bloom's: Remember - (32) Learning Objective: 01-05 Discuss the primary means of data collection and methodologies used in developmental research - (19)
1 Psychosocial development refers to patterns of change in mental abilities, such as learning, attention, memory, and
creativity
True
True / False Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe how development is conceptualized
2 Developmental scientists generally study four broad domains of the self; physical, cognitive, health and psychosocial
True
True / False Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe how development is conceptualized
3 Learning, memory, language, thinking, reasoning, and creativity make up cognitive development
→ True False
4 At the prenatal developmental stage, vulnerability to environmental influences is the greatest
→ True False True / False Question
Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe how development is conceptualized
5 Early childhood educators support children's development focusing on infants, toddlers, and children up to the age of 12
True
True / False Question
Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe how development is conceptualized
6 Maturation refers to the differences among children in characteristics, influences, or developmental outcomes
True
True / False Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-02 Summarize how individual differences; contexts; and the timing of
influences affect development
7 According to Statistics Canada, the proportion of the Canadian population made up of foreign-born people will increase to about 28 percent of the population by 2031
→ True False
True / False Question
Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: 01-02 Summarize how individual differences; contexts; and the timing of
influences affect development
8 The composition of a neighbourhood affects the way children develop
→ True False
True / False Question
Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: 01-02 Summarize how individual differences; contexts; and the timing of
influences affect development
9 Normative influences are unusual events that have a major impact on individual lives because they disturb the expected sequence of the life cycle
True
True / False Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-02 Summarize how individual differences; contexts; and the timing of
influences affect development
10 According to Konrad Lorenz, imprinting is automatic and irreversible
→ True False
True / False Question
Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: 01-02 Summarize how individual differences; contexts; and the timing of
influences affect development
Trang 211 A sensitive period is a time when a developing person is especially responsive to certain kinds of experiences.
→ True
False
True / False Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-02 Summarize how individual differences; contexts; and the timing of
influences affect development
12 Being 3 months versus 6 months pregnant is a qualitative change
True
True / False Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-03 Summarize the recurrent philosophical issues of and points of consensus in
the study of development
13 Qualitative change is viewed as continuous development
True
True / False Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-03 Summarize the recurrent philosophical issues of and points of consensus in
the study of development
14 The change from a nonverbal child to one who understands words and can communicate verbally is a qualitative change
→ True
False
True / False Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-03 Summarize the recurrent philosophical issues of and points of consensus in
the study of development
15 Newborns are governed by the superego
True
True / False Question
Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: 01-04 Describe the major theoretical approaches
16 The ego mediates between the impulses of the id and the demands of the superego
→ True
False
17 Erikson's theory states that development stops at adolescence
True
True / False Question
Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: 01-04 Describe the major theoretical approaches
18 Operant conditioning is a type of learning in which a response to a stimulus is elicited after repeated association with a stimulus that normally elicits the response
True
True / False Question
Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: 01-04 Describe the major theoretical approaches
19 Reciprocal determinism is Bandura's term for bidirectional forces that affect development
→ True
False True / False Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-04 Describe the major theoretical approaches
20 Evolved mechanisms are behaviours that developed to solve adaptive problems
→ True
False True / False Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-04 Describe the major theoretical approaches
21 An ethnographic study uses a combination of methods, including informal, unstructured interviewing and participant
observation
→ True
False
True / False Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-05 Discuss the primary means of data collection and methodologies used in
developmental research
22 Two inversely correlated variables increase or decrease together
True
Trang 3True / False Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-05 Discuss the primary means of data collection and methodologies used in
developmental research
23 Field experiments are controlled studies conducted in an everyday setting, such as home or school
False
True / False Question
Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: 01-05 Discuss the primary means of data collection and methodologies used in
developmental research
24 The sequential study is a complex strategy designed to overcome the drawbacks of longitudinal and cross-sectional
research
→ True
False
True / False Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-05 Discuss the primary means of data collection and methodologies used in
developmental research
25 Marsha is taking a class in human development Which of the following addresses her class's focus?
from conception to adolescence throughout childhood
from adolescence through older adulthood
→ from conception to death
Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe how development is conceptualized
26 Division of the lifespan into periods of development is a social construction What does this indicate?
It remains constant across all societies
It is normative
It is biologically determined
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe how development is conceptualized
27 What defines the growth of the body and brain, sensory capacities, motor skills, and health?
Cognitive development Psychosocial development Ego development
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe how development is conceptualized
28 Annette who is a toddler, first started to crawl, then stand, and she is now taking her first steps What aspect of Annette's development is being described?
cognitive development psychosocial development ego development
29 What does cognitive development primarily refer to?
growth of sensory capacities and motor skills
→ pattern of change in mental abilities
pattern of change in emotions development of social relationships
Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe how development is conceptualized. Bloom's: Remember
30 What aspect of development is defined as the pattern of change in emotions, personality, and relationships?
Physical Cognitive
Normative
31 A child psychologist is conducting research on peer interactions among elementary school children He aims to understand the impact of peer interactions on emotional development What aspect of development is being studied?
cognitive
Trang 4normative physical
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe how development is conceptualized
32 Dr Dunn studies the way that children of different ages organize information in their memory What is the primary
developmental focus of his research?
physical normative
psychosocial
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe how development is conceptualized
33 Which statement describes the period of development from conception to birth?
infancy puberty the neonatal period
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe how development is conceptualized
34 Which of the following characterizes infants and toddlers?
Abilities to learn and remember are absent
Handedness appears Play becomes more imaginative, more elaborate, and usually more social
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe how development is conceptualized
35 During what developmental stage is health generally better than at any other time in the human lifespan?
toddlerhood early childhood
adolescence
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe how development is conceptualized
36 Which of the following is a characteristic of early childhood?
Basic body structures and organs begin to form Children begin to think logically but concretely
Peers assume greater importance than family
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe how development is conceptualized
37 When does reproductive maturity occur?
toddlerhood early childhood middle childhood
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe how development is conceptualized
38 During what stage of development is thinking somewhat egocentric, but the understanding of other people's perspectives also grows?
toddlerhood
the prenatal period adolescence
39 Which of these characteristics describes psychosocial development during the adolescent stage of development?
Shift from dependence to autonomy begins Physical growth and other changes become very slow
Handedness appears
Trang 5Multiple Choice Question Learning Objective: 01-01 Describe how development is conceptualized. Bloom's: Understand
40 What refers to the unfolding of a universal, natural sequence of physical changes and behaviour patterns?
Heredity Social construction
Imprinting
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: 01-02 Summarize how individual differences; contexts; and the timing of
influences affect development
41 Which of the following refers to the variations among a child's characteristics; influences, or developmental outcomes?
reaction range coregulation social construction
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-02 Summarize how individual differences; contexts; and the timing of
influences affect development
42 What is a two-generational household unit that shares household and economic resources and consists of one or two
parents and their biological, adopted, or step children called?
stepfamily
extended family blended family
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: 01-02 Summarize how individual differences; contexts; and the timing of
influences affect development
43 Donna's family consists of her biological parents and her younger brother Which of the following describes their family?
extended family
stepfamily blended family
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-02 Summarize how individual differences; contexts; and the timing of
influences affect development
44 Shari is a 9-year-old girl who lives in Alberta She lives with her parents, her younger sister, and her grandparents Her maternal uncle, who has recently emigrated from India to Canada, also lives with them Which of the following describes Shari's family?
conjugal nuclear
blended
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-02 Summarize how individual differences; contexts; and the timing of
influences affect development
45 In Canada in 2006, ethnic minorities represented roughly what percentage of the population?
one-fifth
one-half two-thirds
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: 01-02 Summarize how individual differences; contexts; and the timing of
influences affect development
46 What is a group consisting of people united by ancestry, race, religion, language, or national origin that contributes to a sense of shared identity known as?
out-group
clique extended family
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: 01-02 Summarize how individual differences; contexts; and the timing of
influences affect development 47
Trang 6In Canada, the magnitude of looking at the life course in its social and historical context is exemplified by the experience
of Aboriginal youth For many years the Residential School experience was tremendously harsh and harmful Which of the following years describes the length of time for this specific cohort of youth?
10 30 40
→ 60
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-02 Summarize how individual differences; contexts; and the timing of
influences affect development
48 What are the conditions that increase the likelihood of a negative outcome or result?
diversity developmental cohort
→ risk
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-02 Summarize how individual differences; contexts; and the timing of
influences affect development
49 Which of the following describes normative influences?
Events that touch only certain individuals
Inborn traits or characteristics inherited from a child's biological parents
Temporary supports provided to help a child master a task
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-02 Summarize how individual differences; contexts; and the timing of
influences affect development
50 What do we call the events that occur at about the same age for people around the world, such as starting school?
socially constructed events non-normative life events normative history-graded influences
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-02 Summarize how individual differences; contexts; and the timing of
influences affect development
51 Normative history-graded influences include all of the following EXCEPT which one?
worldwide economic depression Hurricane Katrina
an AIDS epidemic
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-02 Summarize how individual differences; contexts; and the timing of
influences affect development
52 Aboriginal children who were part of the Residential School experience in Canada shared a common experience at a
formative time in their lives Which term describes this group?
ethnic cohort
conjugal group kinship network
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-02 Summarize how individual differences; contexts; and the timing of
influences affect development
53 What form of learning occurs, when, during a critical period in early development, a young animal forms an attachment to the first moving object it sees?
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning Scaffolding
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-02 Summarize how individual differences; contexts; and the timing of
influences affect development
54 Which of the following describes a specific time during development when a given event, or lack of an event, has the greatest impact?
cohort non-normative period
Trang 7→ critical period
zone of proximal development
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-02 Summarize how individual differences; contexts; and the timing of
influences affect development
55 Which statement explains why the concept of critical periods in humans is controversial?
Human development is primarily influenced by heredity
Human development is primarily passive
Human development is subject to both normative and non-normative influences
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-02 Summarize how individual differences; contexts; and the timing of
influences affect development
56 Which of the following describes a modifiability of performance?
scaffolding equilibration imprinting
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-02 Summarize how individual differences; contexts; and the timing of
influences affect development
57 Which of the following refers to inborn traits or characteristics inherited from a child's biological parents?
Seriation Maturation Ethnicity
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: 01-03 Summarize the recurrent philosophical issues of and points of consensus
in the study of development
58 What describes the totality of non-hereditary, or experiential, influences on development?
the mesosystem the scaffold
the microsystem
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-03 Summarize the recurrent philosophical issues of and points of consensus
in the study of development
59 Which perspective focuses on the lasting effects of childhood experiences and unconscious drives and motivations?
evolutionary learning cognitive
60 According to the psychoanalytical theory, what operates under the pleasure principle?
conscience
→ id
superego ego
61 Which of the following is TRUE of the id?
It is absent in newborns
It represents reason
It includes the conscience
62 According to Freud, which of the following represents reason and operates under the reality principle?
id
→ ego
superego
Trang 8Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-04 Describe the major theoretical approaches
63 Which of the following includes the conscience and incorporates socially approved "shoulds" and "should nots" into the child's own value system?
id ego
libido
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-04 Describe the major theoretical approaches
64 Which of the following describes Freud's stages of psychosexual development?
It covers eight stages across the lifespan
It includes four stages namely, sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operations, and formal operations
It states that each stage involves a "crisis" in personality
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-04 Describe the major theoretical approaches
65 Which of the following describes Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?
It covers four stages across the lifespan
It states that the critical theme of infancy is initiative versus guilt
It ignores the influence of society on the developing personality
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-04 Describe the major theoretical approaches
66 What type of associative learning is studied by the behaviourists?
Assimilation Imprinting
Accommodation
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-04 Describe the major theoretical approaches
67 What type of learning responds to a stimulus and is elicited after repeated association with a stimulus that would normally elicit that response?
Imprinting Social learning Intermittent reinforcement
68 What do we call learning that is based on an association of behaviour with its consequences?
classical conditioning
modeling imprinting Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-04 Describe the major theoretical approaches
69 What term describes a consequence of any behaviour that increases the likelihood of that behaviour being repeated?
punishment
adaptation imprinting
70 Which of the following is a drawback of operant conditioning?
It overemphasizes individual differences
It fails to describe learned associations
It excludes voluntary behaviour
Trang 971 How did Bandura's theory differ from that of the behaviourists?
He saw the environment as the chief impetus for development
He focused on associative learning
He focused on psychosexual development
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-04 Describe the major theoretical approaches
72 People learn appropriate social behaviour by watching other people and learning both about what potential behaviours might be as well as the likely consequences of such behaviours What do we call this process?
classical conditioning assimilation
reciprocal determinism
73 According to Piaget, what do people use to create increasingly complex cognitive structures, or ways of organizing
information about the world?
scaffolds associations memes
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: 01-04 Describe the major theoretical approaches
74 What does Piaget's term assimilation refer to?
the act of observing and imitating models
changes in a cognitive structure to include new information the tendency to seek a stable balance among cognitive elements
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: 01-04 Describe the major theoretical approaches
75 Which of the following statement describes Piaget's accommodation?
The acts of observing and imitating models
Incorporation of new information into an existing cognitive structure
The tendency to seek a stable balance among cognitive elements
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-04 Describe the major theoretical approaches
76 According to Piaget, what motivates the shift from assimilation to accommodation?
scaffolding
organization reciprocal determinism
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-04 Describe the major theoretical approaches
77 Which of the following statements supports Lev Vygotsky's theory?
cognitive development occurs in four qualitative stages
adaptation occurs through assimilation and accommodation
cognitive development is independent of social and cultural processes
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-04 Describe the major theoretical approaches
78 What describes the imaginary psychological space between what children can individually do, and what they could
achieve with another person's assistance?
a scheme reciprocal determinism
a normative influence
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: 01-04 Describe the major theoretical approaches
79 While teaching his son to learn cycling, Mark initially held his bike to help him to maintain his balance Once his son was able to balance himself, Mark gradually let go of the support What describes the temporary support Mark provided to his son?
Trang 10social learning assimilation
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-04 Describe the major theoretical approaches
80 Which statement describes psychologist Urie Bronfenbrenner's bioecological theory?
states that parental guidance is most effective in helping children cross the zone of proximal development proposes three hypothetical parts of the personality: the id, the ego, and the superego
states that the individual learns from the consequences of operating on the environment
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: 01-04 Describe the major theoretical approaches
81 What is the study of animal species' distinctive adaptive behaviours called?
Bionics Biopsychology Ecology
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: 01-04 Describe the major theoretical approaches
82 Which of the following describes the evolutionary/sociobiological perspective?
Unlike behavioural traits, psychological traits have failed to evolve over time
Almost all evolved mechanisms die out once they no longer serve a useful purpose
Species have developed through the process of artificial selection
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-04 Describe the major theoretical approaches
83 Which psychological perspective applies Darwinian principles to human behaviour?
Cognitive Behavioural
Cultural
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-04 Describe the major theoretical approaches
84 When are self-report measures reliable?
the tests measure the abilities they claim to measure
the sample size is very large
the researcher who has developed the measure is highly qualified
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: 01-05 Discuss the primary means of data collection and methodologies used in
developmental research
85 A team of psychologists collect data for a study by observing preschool teachers' classroom interactions through a one-way mirror This is an example of which research method?
Laboratory observation Case study
Clinical study
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Understand Learning Objective: 01-05 Discuss the primary means of data collection and methodologies used in
developmental research
86 What statement describes an ethnographic study?
is the study of animal species' distinctive adaptive behaviours
is a study of a single individual
is the study of the evolution of human behaviour
Multiple Choice Question
Bloom's: Remember Learning Objective: 01-05 Discuss the primary means of data collection and methodologies used in
developmental research
87 Jeremy is conducting a study on the stressors faced by firefighters He collects data by joining a team of firefighters and observing them while they are at work What is he using?
case study method