Test bank for becoming america a history for the 21st century 1st edition by henkin

When Western Europe experienced rising temperatures associated with the North Atlantic Warm Period, agricultural production was not significantly affected.. Test Bank for Becoming Americ

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Multiple Choice Questions - (50) Odd Numbered - (29)

Essay Questions - (7) Even Numbered - (28)

1 Gaining knowledge of the peoples of the distant past in North America is more difficult than with some other cultures due

to the fact that

→ rulers did not keep written records

many of the cities were destroyed by the conquistadores

artifacts and bones were not well preserved in the indigenous soil

their cultures were much simpler

Multiple Choice Question

2 The peoples living in North America prior to Columbus's arrival in 1492 were descendants of migrants from

Europe

South America

the Caribbean

3 Beringia refers to

a culture of North American nomadic tribespeople

the original migrants to North America

a mythical city of gold sought by explorers

→ a region that included a land bridge between two continents

4 Distant descendants of Siberian migrants lived in various regions and developed

→ distinct languages and religions

a common language but distinct religions

distinct languages but common religions

a common language and religion

5 The crop that became the foundation of the agricultural societies of Mexico and Central America was

rice

wheat

beans

6 In North America, moundbuilding appeared first in what is now

Texas

Florida

Alabama

7 Three sisters refers to

→ beans, squash, and corn

beans, squash, and rice

squash, corn, and rice

rice, beans, and corn

8 The North Atlantic Warm Period from about 900 to 1300 led to

flooding and challenges to agricultural advancement

harsh warmer climates that reduced populations

denser living patterns that focused on hunting and gathering

→ new variants of crops and more substantial building projects

9 The Four Corners region

was gifted with several navigable rivers

→ was arid and required large-scale irrigation

became wetter with increased rains in the middle of the twelfth century

saw dramatic population increases during the twelfth century

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10 Cahokia

was the site of the first moundbuilding culture

refers to the Chaco Canyon civilization

→ grew into a metropolitan center

was located in the Four Corners region

11 Scholars have been intrigued by the coincidence of the redevelopment of Cahokia and the

→ appearance of a supernova

demise of Chaco Canyon

beginning of the agricultural revolution

first cultivation of maize

12 The powerful city-states of Mississippian civilization have which of the following in common?

striking social inequality organized and sustained warfare monumental architecture

→ All these answers are correct

13 Compared to their ancestors in the Archaic era, Indians of the Mississippian era were more likely to have

lived longer lives

→ died violently

suffered from malnutrition

been a member of an egalitarian community

14 The demise of Cahokia in the 1300s

was largely due to the warming climate

is generally blamed on the failure of three-crop agricultural practices

has been conclusively determined to have been precipitated by a major earthquake

→ was not only a local phenomenon

15 Most of the Indian nations that Europeans encountered were

established during the apex of Cahokia

characterized by the enslavement of females

→ creations of the post-Mississippian dispersal

centralized around villages that had sustained their existence over hundreds of years

16 The Crow Creek Massacre

represents an anomaly of violence that puzzles scholars

→ is evidence of the violence common among post-Cahokia villages

is distinguished by the selective slaughter of children in an attempt to wipe out a future generation

is a sign of a reverse in the trend of relatively peaceful Cahokia coexistence

17 At the time of Columbus's arrival, which region was the most densely populated?

Utah/Nevada Mississippi Basin the Southwest Multiple Choice Question

18 The backbone of the Pacific coast economy was

maize

rice

livestock

19 Californians

→ enjoyed a more nutritious diet than the peoples in the eastern half of the continent

produced impressive monumental architecture

achieved a society with relatively little social stratification

developed large chiefdoms

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20 When Western Europe experienced rising temperatures associated with the North Atlantic Warm Period,

agricultural production was not significantly affected

it had the opposite effect on agricultural production to that experienced in North America

a rise in productivity by not in population occurred

→ a rise in productivity and population occurred

21 Compared to North America, the colder temperatures of the Little Ice Age had effect on Europe

a milder

a similar None of these answers is correct

22 Instability in England and France during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries

led to political fragmentation

triggered a crisis in religious practice and belief

dispersed people from urban centers to smaller villages

→ drew people to the cities

23 The Crusades were in part designed to

eliminate Islam from the earth

→ wrest control of Jerusalem from Muslims

clear a path for commerce between the east and west

rescue captive Christians in the Middle East

24 The Reconquista was the

crusaders' attempt to regain Jerusalem

campaign of the Catholic Church to eliminate Jews from Western Europe

→ retaking of the Iberian Peninsula from Muslims

papal domination of Latin Christendom

25 Adelantados were men used by the Spanish kingdom of Castile to

spread the Christian faith throughout regions controlled by Spain

reclaim the Holy Lands for the Catholic Church

→ organize and fund raids on the Canary Islands and elsewhere

drive the Muslims out of the city of Ceuta

26 In his seafaring projects, Prince Henry the Navigator's motivation was mainly

economic

political

social

27 Most of the islands taken by Portugal were

Muslim

populated by indigenous peoples

already Christianized

28 The colony of Saö Tome represented

one of the few settlements in which Christians and Muslims lived peacefully together

a haven for Jewish settlers

Portugal's most lucrative trading outpost

→ the real beginning of large-scale African slavery

29 Bartolomeu Dias

established the colony of Principe

→ sailed around the Cape of Good Hope

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sailed to India.

led the reconquest of the Canary Islands

30 The kingdom of Ghana controlled a significant empire

until the fifth century

→ from the eighth century onward

in the thirteenth century

from the fifteenth century onward

31 The Malian city of Timbuktu became

the heart of the kingdom of Ghana

the site of the Portuguese Elmina Castle

→ a significant center of Islamic learning

the site of a well-known Christian university

32 The year 1492 is significant because

Columbus was appointed to sail for the Spanish Crown

the Muslims were driven out of Granada

the Jews were expelled from Spain

→ All these answers are correct

33 Columbus's greatest advantage lay in

→ his seafaring experience

the accuracy of his geographic calculations

his crucial understanding of the location of Japan

his success in wooing financial support from European monarchs

34 The most valuable resource that Columbus brought back to Spain was represented by

parrots

colorful masks

gold

35 On his return to Hispaniola, Columbus found that

the Tainos had subjected his men to forced labor

→ the soldiers he had left behind had been killed

the local population welcomed him back with great expectation

disease had ravaged the men who had stayed behind

36 The Treaty of Tordesillas of 1494

authorized Spanish explorers to claim new lands in the name of the pope

gave Spain rights to all new colonial claims

→ divided the western Atlantic domains between Spain and Portugal

defined the share of produce to be allotted to the indigenous people

37 Pedro Ýlvars Cabral stumbled on what would later be understood to be

Venezuela

Puerto Rico

Cuba

38 The explorer who crossed the Isthmus of Panama and sent back reports of a large sea on the other side was

Ferdinand Magellan

Christopher Columbus

Bartolomeu Dias

39 Francisco Pizarro is best known for

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the invasion and destruction of Tenochtitlán.

the creation of the encomienda system

→ the defeat of the Incas

authoring the Requerimiento

40 The town of Potos' was known for its silver and also for its

→ very large population

uncharacteristically lenient treatment of Indian laborers

indigenous artisans and their exquisite hand crafts

fierce resistance to Spanish attacks

41 The most striking demographic change that accompanied the Columbian exchange was the

→ mass death from disease

influx of Spanish newcomers

new mestizo population

growth of the Indian populations

42 The two products that held religious and social importance among the Aztecs and also developed special significance to Europeans on the other side of the Atlantic were

sugar and cacao

silver and gold

gold and tobacco

43 The Italian explorer Giovanni da Verrazano was hired by

Spain

England

Portugal

44 During the first half of the sixteenth century, France and England found that the most gain across the Atlantic could be had by

exploiting the fisheries in Canada

establishing colonies in North America

→ attacking Spanish ships

engaging in slave trade

45 The Protestant Reformation

→ rejected centuries of accumulated religious tradition

united the northern and southern countries of Western Europe

began as a controversy over Spanish domination of the Americas

was resisted in England

46 During the later sixteenth century, the English defended their piracy as

→ an assault against Catholicism

revenge for their naval defeat in 1588

an honorable crusade against Muslim warships

an attempt to gain a foothold in the New World

47 The English viewed the Irish as enemies, but they saw them differently than they saw the Spanish, in that they believed that Ireland's indigenous population was

Protestant

an economic competitor

heathen

48 The first to build colonies in what would later become the United States were the Huguenots, who were

Protestants from England

Catholics from France

Test Bank for Becoming America A History for the 21st Century 1st Edition by Henkin

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→ Protestants from France.

Catholics from England

49 The settlement of Roanoke

incited the Spanish to colonize Florida

established the first English stronghold in North America

→ ended in failure, with all the colonists dead

encouraged the French to begin colonial efforts in Canada

50 Missionaries in North America noticed that Indians who spent time with them tended to

reject Christianity

gradually warm to the Christian faith

rapidly adopt European customs

51 Describe the causes and effects of the agricultural revolution that occurred around the tenth century CE

Explanation:

Answers will vary

Essay Question

52 Compare and contrast the cultures of the Four Corners Region with those of the Mississippian civilization

Explanation:

Answers will vary

Essay Question

53 The Little Ice Age significantly affected the history of people on both sides of the Atlantic How did the effects of this period of climate change differ between North America and Europe?

Explanation:

Answers will vary

Essay Question

54 What were the motivations for European colonization of the New World?

Explanation:

Answers will vary

Essay Question

55 Describe the advance and character of Islam in West Africa

Explanation:

Answers will vary

Essay Question

56 Explain the Spanish approach to conquest and colonization

Explanation:

Answers will vary

Essay Question

57 How did the Columbian exchange forever change both Europe and the New World?

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Answers will vary

Essay Question

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