Upstream Level B1 Workbook

Complete each gap with the correct form ofthe verb in brackets.. Writing an e-mail describingyour familyGetting started Read the rubric and underline the key words/phrases, word family?.

r i ,

: l

1 :

Live and learn

Call of the wild

2 Cross the odd word out, as in

t h e e x a m o l e

235

chaiterbox, slb{re, lazybones,

Fill in the blanks with the words below 3

waters keeps an eye on things grateful thoughtful

drives crazy easy-going a stiff upper lip " polite

o creative o chatting

in a block of flats in London.

Neelam Gupta is 23 years old Neelam is

Indian and she studies photography at the

Chelsea School of Art She loves her neighbours

a n d th e y l o v e h e r S h e i s a v e r y 1 )

person who enjoys helping others When her

neighbours are away on holiday she

2 l t h e i r p l a n t s f o r th e m a n d g e n e r a l l y

3 l H e r n e i g h b o u r s a r e a l w a y s

very 4) to her for her help,

Alison Greenway is 25 years old and sheworks as a DJ for a radio station She was born

in Australia but she moved to London when shewas '15 Alison is friendly and 5)

A t w e e k e n d s s h e lo v e s 6 ) a n dlaughing with her friends in the garden This

8 ) S h e p l a y s t h e v i o l i n a n d th epiano and she loves painting portraits She is atypical Englishwoman She is sometimes annoyed

by Alison's loud music but she keeps

o f h u m o u r

l i t t e r

!

A : H o w w o u l d y o u d e s c r i b eyourself?

A : L a u r a ' s g a r d e n i s lo v e l y !

B : Y e s , i t i s S h e is a ( n )

A : C a n I g i v e y o u a hand withthe housework?

I rke going t o t h e c i n e m a

rTt

ETI F-ft t4Tt FTI

reTr

4 Underline the correct word, as in the example.

1 Tania rs very reserved/thoughtful She doesn't

like expressing her emotions

2 Fnglish people have a reputation/politeness

for being a little eccentric

3 Stop being such a nosey parker/silly billy and

Robert is very caring He looks after/looks for

h i s b r o t h e r a n d h e l o s his sister with her

homework

Leo doesn't take after/take care of his father

H e lo o k s l i k e h i s m o t h e r

9 She's as busy as a bee/bird

10 Without my glasses, I'm as blind as a bat/fox

11 As a boss, he's very good with strangers/

employees

1 2 C o u l d y o u do/make m e a f a v o u r ?

13 Remember to keep in feel/touch with us

Circle the correct response

3 A : D o y o u think you could w a s h t h e c a r ?

B : a I ' m a f r a i d I can't I have to go to the

very talented However;

H e

SEtF

i

FoRGET i, CARE I

Grammar in Use

Present Simple, Present Continuous

& Present Perfect

Put the verbs in the brackets into present

simple, present continuous or present perfect

Complete each gap with the correct form ofthe verb in brackets

international party for this weekend | 7)

party for ages!

1 0 ) ( y o n / f i n d ) a h o u s e y e t ?Write back soon

Lots of love,Claire

to be on hoirca,, cces^': it?

(look) for my key

6

1 1

(taste) like water!

Present Perfect Continuous

Write a sentence for each

situftion, as in the example Use

Maria hus been warking as an

engineer for faurfeen ye$rs

2 He started playing tennis two

You are waiting for a frrend

outside the cinema You arrived

s c h o o l n e w s p o p e r 4 ( a s k ) m e to b e th e i r n e weditor I ccn't beLieve it I 5) (woit) Jor achance[ike this Jor oges.

Over the pastJew doys, I 6) (read) past edltions

oJ the schooL paper to get some ideas about what the poper is attobout | 7) (aLreadglwrite) down lots oJ notesabout what kind oJstories l8) (wont) toinctude White I 9) (count) down the dags beJore

I 10) (attend) theJirst meeting oJthe newspoper

s t a J J , l m u s t a d m l t t h a t I 1 1 ) ( b e c o m e ) m o r e a n dmore nervous I hope evergthing goes OK

Wett, thot's mg news 12) (belnot) gouexcttedJor me? l't[ let gou know what happens

Bge Jor now,Mark

Sentence tra nsformationsComplete the second sentence so that it means the same asthe first Use no more than three words

I t ' s s i x y e a r s s i n c e I s t a r t e d l e a r n i n g E n g l i s h

Claire hasn't visited London for two years

C l a i r e L o n d o n t w o y e a r s a g o The last time Helen took a train was in 2004

Set in spacious gounds it is only

minutes away from theMerseyside Conservation Park

Alice and Martinlove partying They arevery sociable and they havelots of friends They are lookingfor a big house in which theycan entertain lots of peopleand have barbecues inthe summer

Sandra and Rupertare high flyers They havevery busy lives and their jobsare stressful and demanding

They like modern architecture andfurnishings Their ideal housewould be well-organisedand spacious

Designed by famous Mexicanarchitect, Javier Valladares, thiscontemporary house is large,minimalistic and practical lt isperfect for those who are alwavs

o n t h e g o The Browns are a

quiet and friendly family

They are looking for a house

with a big garden in a nice

neighbourhood close to the

centre They are on a tight

budget so they don't want

to spend a lot of

money

This lovely villa is idealfor parties andcelebrations With a largeoutdoor pool and a bigreception room, it is perfect for those who livebusy social lives and love

entertainino

Stella

loves nature, She is

energetic and active and

she spends a lot of time in the

garden She wants to buy a house

in the countryside which she can

fill with beautiful flowers She

also loves taking long walks

Close to the centre and in one ofthe best areas, this large house lvith

its five bedrooms is idealforfamilies Not only perfecl for iqv t,ngfriends and famity for,,,eekendstays, but also for garde-s.s :c< -g

for oeace a1t 3- e:

This beautifulfamily home isonly two kilometres awayfrom the city centre Situated

in a quiet, safeneighbourhood, it has fourbedrooms and a big garden.You won't believe the orice!

f' g'rp;.r66r'ag Mediterranean s::^€ -:' s :ertainly for those rtrrt *r*E-l:: get away from the s:'sss :i:;:.r oenires ano 3E-,eL:ra -rl,r,n.t1< SChedUleS An-rtr;'1

J r:l-: asross the Channel is 3l r[r_ -r*] :3 "each your own -ial Ei :;r-al se and at a verv

=3-r dJr:: s| '!U.

8

and having picnics

Listening & Speaking

Describing People

) You will hear a conversation

between two friends about a

party For questions 1- 5 choose

A , B o r C

When was the party?

A S a t u r d a y

B Yesterday

C The day before yesterday

What was great about the

Pleased to meet you Nice to meet you, too

r No, no lt's my turn same to you How're things? Bye Have a nice day

Mmm, I think we have but I can't remember when

I believe it was at Brian Stock's party last summer

Yes, it was I haven't seen Brian for ages Is he heretonight?

VaI: He's over there Let's go and talk to him

John: Great! Let's go

9

Writing (an e-mail describingyour family)

Getting started

Read the rubric and underline the key words/phrases,

word family? What words/phrases can you think of related to the

This is part of an e-mail you received from your Mexican friend

Maria

I love my family but sometimes they drive me crazy My twin sister poz is

great but my younger brother Roberto can be annoying at times so we

often fight about the silliest things What s your family like?

Write an e-mail to your Mexican friend describing your family

Let's look closer

2 Read the e-mail and complete the paragraph plan Use the

following headings:

o request for return e-mail

description of parents - ages, professions, personalities

o greeting and comment on last e-mail

description of b roth ers/sisters/cousi ns - persona I ities, I i kes/d isl i kes

1 e

Openi nglClosing remarks

3 Mark the following opening/

closing remarks with OR or CR

Which could you use in Julia'se-mail?

1 H i l G u e s s w h a t ?

2 Well, that's all from me

3 Can't wait to see you

4 l'm writing to let you know

4 Look at paragraphs 2 & 3 in the

e-mail Find the topic sentencesand underline them Do thesupporting sentences developthe main idea of the paragraph?

How?

5 Read the topic sentences below

Think of supporting sentences todevelop the main idea

1 My best friend Kate is thekindest girl in the world

2 My brother Jonathan is atalented oianist

3 Lou and Jane are mV favourite

C O U S I N S

Linking words and phrases

To make your piece of writing more interesting, you can use avariety of words and phrases to link sentences or ideas together

My cousin Jo is an attractive girl She's got blue eyes and long dark hair

My cousin Jo is an attractive girlwith blue eyes and long dark hair

You can link descriptions o f s i m i l a r p e r s o n a l q u a l i t i e s b y u s i n g

i n a d d i t i o n , a l s o , a n d , m o r e o v e r , e t c She is caring She is always helping people She is very kind to everyone.She is caring and is always helping people Moreover, she is very kind

to everyone

o You can Iink descrrptions o f c o n t r a s t i n g q u a l i t i e s b y u s i n g b u t ,

on the other hand, however, nevertheless, etc

He is hardworking and bright He can be difficult at times

He is hardworking and bright, but he can be difficult at times

N O T E : W h e n y o u m e n t i o n s o m e o n e ' s n e g a t i v e q u a l i t i e s y o u

s h o u l d u s e m i l d la n g u a g e ( s e e m s t o b e , c a n b e r a t h e r e t c ) F o rexample, instead of saying My brother Paulis lazy, it is better to say

My brother Paul can be lazy at times

6 Rewrite the sentences using linking words or phrases.

Your turnAnswer the questions about yourself

1 How many people are in your family?

2 What do they do for a living?

3 What are they like?

Read the rubric in Ex 1 again Use your answers in Ex 7 towrite an e-mail to your friend in Mexico about your family(80-100 words) Use the paragraph plan in Ex 2 to help you

I

5o78

1 1

o l a k a o r h i m n : n z o o

hunting/fishing amphibian hare habitat changes mammal o ju n g l e wetlands tiger reptrle wolf

forest ocean

t ;, -":.-"; , '; ;,-

F l o r aCross the odd word out, as in the example

4 C h i n c h i l l a s a r e a n e n d a n g e r e d s p e c i e s / t y p e s

5 T h e A m a z o n r a i n f o r e s t h a s a n e x t r a o r d i n a r vvariety of wildlife/countryside

Social lssues Match the words and complete the sentences.

w i l d l i f efactory

l i v i n gSAVC

4

trTl ETI

tE*T _l

t " t l

Fl-r

FTI It-

t:' lr' i,i i:,til,-lilitt;-."i

1 2

are trees important? Use the verbs in the list to complete the phrases in the diagram below reduce orovide o orotect release

Match the two columns and then createsentences, as in the example

u s e e n e r g y - e f f i c i e n t l i g h t b u l b s

r e c y c l e p a p e r a n d p l a n t t r e e s

c r e a t e a w i l d l i f e h a b i t a t i n o u r g a r d e n

k e e p b e a c h e s c l e a nnot use our cars in city centres

A h e l p re d u c e a i r p o l l u t i o n

B save energy

C p r o t e c t w i l d l i f e

D protect forests

E help save sea turtles from extinction

1 8y usrr:E energy-efficient light bulbs, v'te {on save

€ner{}y

2345

Underline the correct words

3 On Sunday, students from our school are gorng

to planVprotect trees on top of that hill

4 At home we try to use/recycle as much

T h e y h a v e b r o u g h t a

bcde

o u t o f p a p e r a n d I c o u l d n ' t p r i n t my essay

o u t ! | t h i ' n k y o u need s o m e r e s t out my favourite writer's new book!

Grammar in Use

Modals

Complete the sentences using

must/haveto-should/oughtto-mustn't and the verbs below.

o drOP reCycle hunt work o respect

You are ill with measles Make sentences from

the notes your doctor has left you Use

should/shouldn't

Stay at home for two weeks

o Rest as much as you can

Drink plenty of liquids

5ee friends until the spots go

1

2

3

4

The future - time words

3 Put the verbs in brackets into the presentsimple

23456

W i l l - G o i n g to Fillin will or goingto.

A : l ' m s o th i r s t y

B : | g e t y o u a g l a s s o f w a t e r

A : W h y d i d y o u w a k e up so early t o d a y ?

B : | m e e t A l i s o n f o r a q u i c kcoffee before work

B y a d o p t i n g a s i c k a n i m a l , y o u can help save

a n i m a l s e x t i n c t i o n

2 T h e c h i n c h i l l a i s d a n g e r o f b e c o m i n gextr nct

W e m u s t p r o t e c t both large and small

T o d a y , n e a r l y 1 5 p e r c e n t o f t h e w i l d l i f e in

B r i t a i n i s r i s k o f b e c o m i n oextrnct

Sentence transforrnations

Complete the second sentence so that it

m e a n s t h e s a m e a s th e f i r s t U s e n o m o r e th a nthree

before you fill in the adoption form

4 l f w e don't want animals t o b e c o m e e x t i n c t w emrqt nrntprt thpir habitatS

Word formation (forming nouns)

Fill in the correct form of the words in bold

1 A n i n c r e a s e i n f a c t o r y w i l llead to an increase in factorv waste

found in warm coastal waters around the world, butthe largest populations today are in Florida and the Caribbean,

Hawaii, and Borneo In all these areas the turiles are at risk, with populations in Florida and Mexico officially

described as endangered Although in the past there were probably several million green sea turtles in the world,

today scientists believe that fewer than 200,000 adult females remain Below we list some of the reasons wnv

numbers of this and other sea turtles have declined

i: i

People around the world have used the meat of the green sea turtle for food since ancient times and it is the main

ingredient in turtle soup The eggs, which the female tuftles bury on sandy beaches, are also collected by hunters

Unfortunately, although laws banning the hunting have been passed in many countries, people continue to do so

Every year, more than 10,000 sea turtles are accidentally trapped in fishing nets Unable to breathe, these turtes

soon drown Many of these deaths could be avoided if the fishermen made minor changes to their equipment that

would allow the turtles t0 escape For some reason, many fishermen seem unwilling to do this, although the law

reouires them to do so

The seas are littered with rubbish which can prove deadly to the turtles They can become entangled in old fishing

lines and nets or they may mistake pieces of plastic for food When the tudles swallow the plastic, it can block their

digestive systems and then the turtles starve to death

D

More and more beaches, used by the turtles as nesting areas, are lost every year as tourist areas are developed

This means that the females do not have a familiar place in whrch to lay their eggs and as a result some females

may noi nest at all Even if the turtles do manage t0 lay their eggs, ihese may be crushed by people walking along

the beach Just as seriously, the young turtles are often confused by the brighi lighls,,,,'hen they hatch anq are

unable to find their way to the sea and safety

i:iE::',

In recent years, scientists have repofted that a new disease is affecting :':.- ::1 -: :::-raiions, particularly in

Florida and Hawaii Scientists suspect that the disease, which eventua , ' : -'.: - :,nies, is caused bv a

virus or parasite, but the exact cause is not yet known

, , - , i : ,

Listening & Speaking

Global Warming

a You will hear a person

commenting on a new book

about global warming For

A too many complicated ideas

B a lot of sensible suggestions

a Complete the exchanges with sentences from the box

How interesting! I never knew that

r Sorry - | didn't think of that

o Don't you just love it here I suppose you're right

1 A :

T h e s e a i s s o b e a u t i f u l a n d c a l m B: Yes, it's a beautiful place

A: Did you know that turtles survived the dinosaur extinction

b In pairs, act out similar exchanges

Making suggestions - AgreeingRead the conversation below Fill in the gaps with thefol lowing expressions

Why don't How about let's Good thinking Why not That's an excellent idea

!i,

Beth: Hi, Jo How is it going?

Jo: Hi, Beth Great, thanks Ive just finished my essay 1rAnd you?

Beth: Ive just finished mine, too

J o : W e l I , l) d o s o m e t h i n g ! t ,

conservation park? They are offering free guided ;tours today

l o : G r e a t 3 ) a s k T o m

if he wants to come, too?

J o : I h a v e a n id e a ! 5 ) w e w a l kinstead of driving there?

B e t h : 6 ) !

B :

3

1 7

Writing (an e-mail asking for

Getting started

Sam is thinking about volunteering

for a fun run that will help raise

money for endangered species

When he saw the advertisement

below he took some notes Using

the phrases below, turn the notes

into sentences, as in the example

Could you please let me know

I would be grateful if you could

I am interested in finding out (ifl

I would like to know (iflwhether)

o I would appreciate it if you could

I would [ike to know how long the

race ts"

information)

Whattime/

start?

When/

c l o s i n gdate/

i ls there

q t I

2

Let's look closer

Read the e-mail Sam wrote to Ms Hill asking for additional information Fill in the paragraph plan withthe headings and then answer questions 1-3

closinq remarks askinq for information

Why has the writer started off with Dear Ms Hill? Could he sign off with Yours faithfully or Best wishes? Why?

Opening/Closing remarks the following sentences from informalto formal.

1 | a m w r i t i n g to r e q u e s t s o m einformation on the Save thePanda fundraiser that I saw

a d v e r t i s e d i n t h i s w e e k ' sedition of Animal Lovers

2 | look forward to hearing fromyou soon

work?

whatvolunteers/d

o ?

howlong/traininglast?

request anapplicationform

F o r m a l l e t t e r s a r e s e n t to p e o p l e i n

a n o f f i c i a l p o s i t i o n o r p e o p l e y o u

d o n ' t k n o w v e r y well They are

written in a formal style with a

I am writing to enquire whether

(NOT I vtart te ask tf )

r polrte forms without contractions

Iwould like to apply

lltlAl= I'A lilza I

countries around the world

We will provide training, free accommodation and meals

For more information contact Lisa Jones

at liones@environment.co.uk

Take a break

Travelling

Use the words/phrases below to fill in the gaps

expiry date saved up turn off " rushed

o warned me against avoided wandering

assumed high-factor in sight r noticed

looking forward to relieved o destination

is nc

For those who love travelling, travelwriting sounds like a dream job.

Not only do travel writers travel for free but they also get to publish their experiences in guide books.

However, as the stories below illustrate, travelwriting is no holidayr

It was my third day in Madrid doing research on restaurants and cafes As I was

2 ) t o th e ri g h t | 3 ) , t h a t t h e r e w o u l d b e m o r e c a f e s ,

restaurants and tourists in that area but there wasn,t a soul

4) Then | 5) a man runnrng rowards me As he ran

past me, he grabbed my bag | 6) to the nearest police station They

told me that I had been walktng in the most dangerous neighbourhood in the cityl

M y p u b l i s h e r h a d T ) , , m o u n t a i n b i k i n g

in the Torres del Paine on my own, but I didn't listen I

area is in a spectacular mountain range and it is the

adventure What I didn't know

was that the weather in themountains can changeunexpectedly at night So,

although

expensive bike equipment, I hadn't

thought about buying the appropriate

When you choose a tropical or a subtropical12) you must be careful Check anyrnformatron available on the area that you can lay yourhands on This may 13) potentialproblems that you may not have considered My storv

shows that some travel oroblems

Match the words then use the phrases to fill inthe gaps in sentences 1-8.

U n d e r l i n e t h ecorrect word

Where do we checkMoscow?

She stood on the ship's deck/port and waved

C o u l d y o u

at the port?

S o m e a i r l i n e s c h e a t p e o p l e b y c h a r g i n g t h e mtoo much for tickets

the gap between the train and the platform

4 K e e p w a l k i n g t h a t g a t e T h e ti c k e toffice is on vour left

5 T h e p l a n e i s b o a r d i n g g a t e 2 5

C o m p l e t e t h e i d i o m s

1 | a m h o p i n g t h a t M a r y a n d J o h n w i l l r e t u r n

h o m e s a f e( u n h a r m e d )

to Claridges f"' rV rf,.rr""r, i".:f:;i';

I ' m a f r a i d w e c a n ' t p i c k

W e c a n o n l y a f f o r d a c h e a photel (choose selectively)

4 S h e li v e s i n t h e c o u n t r y s i d e S h e c a n ' t s t a n d

renta Ibuffet

b o a r d i n g

b i r t htravelroa0

r u s hroom

Read the extract from a story and put the

verbs in brackets into the pastsimple or the past

( d r o p ) his own bone into the river T h e b o n e w a s

Join the sentences using the pastperfect andthe words in brackets, as in the example

5 ' e i r c < e h e r leg She c a n c e l l e d h e r t r i p ( a f t e r ): :' :' :'cd broken her ler;,she cancelled !:er trip

S r e a : r v e d in London All her friends l e f t f o r

E c i r o u : g h ( b y th e t i m e )

S a r a h w e n t white-waterrafting She did a

i r a i n r n g c o u r s e ( b e f o r e )

I t s t a r t e d r a i n i n g( a l r e a d y w h e n )

T h e y re a c h e d t h e a i r p o r t

M i r i a m a r r i v e d a t the port The ship left (by

t h e t i m e )

R e a d t h e s i t u a t i o n s a n d m a k e s e n t e n c e s f r o mthe words in brackets

1 | was very tired when I arrived home(l/work/hard all day)

I hsC been warking herC all Cay

2 T h e tw o boys c a m e i n t o th e house They had

a football and they were both very tired(they/play/football)

4

2

T h e r e w a s n o b o d y in the

w a s a s m e l l o f b u r n t fo o d(somebody/cook)

W h e n I g o t h o m e , M i k e w a s sitting i n f r o n t ofthe TV His clothes were covered in oaint(he/paint/the room)

4

5

The taxi driver was rude and

Complete the exchanges by putting the verbs

in brackets into the pastsimple, pastcontinuous,

past perfect or past perfect continuous

4 A : W h e n ( y o u / r e a l i s e ) t h a t

y o u ( t a k e ) t h e w r o n g tr a i n ?

B : | ( j u s t / o r d e r ) d i n n e r i n t h ebuffet car when I

( h e a r ) t h e a n n o u n c e m e n t

(Tonia/go out)?

t h e r e s i n c e 1 9 9 9 a n d s h e(feel) it was time to move on

A : B y th e t i m e I w a s 2 7 , I( s a v e ) e n o u g h m o n e y t o b u y a c a r

B : R e a l l y ? | w a s 3 1 w h e n I(buy) my first car I( w o r k ) v e r y h a r d f o r y e a r s b e f o r e | ( h a v e ) a l l t h e m o n e y

12 A: What's the problem?

B : T h e y ( t r y ) to fix the machine

f o r h o u r s y e s t e r d a y b u t r t r s s t r l l b r o k e n

5entence transformationsComplete the second sentence so that itmeans the same as the first Use no more thanthree words

1 When we were at university, John and I wouldwork on a fishing boat in the summerWhen we were at unrversity, John and |

for a job before he was hired at the

(study) in her room

in Spain for twenty years

2 3

(sudden lylcrash)

Y o u must subscribe t o o u r n e w s l e t t e r i n o r d e r

to receive offers, previews etc

You have to subscribe to the newsletter every

week

It is possible to receive offers etc, if you

subscribe to the newsletter:

,}.:,:

telephone booking Decide if each sentence is

correct or incorrect lf it is correct, tick (/)YES

lf it is incorrect, tick (./) NO

A: Good morning, Travel Bookings

l ) ?B: I'd like information on ferry tickets toCalais, please

A : 2 ) , s i r ?B: Tuesday morning I would like a one wayticket, please

A : 3 ) T h e f e r r yleaves at 7:15 in the morninq and thenevery half hour after that until 1I:00 atnight

B: Sorry, did you say 7:I5?

A : 4 ) .B: Could you tell me how long the journeyis?

A : Y e s 5 ) , s i r B: And how much does it cost, please?

A: It's S35

B : G r e a t 6 ) f o r t h e8:15 ferry, please

Yes, that's right

o When would you like to travel Just a moment, l'll check I would Iike a ticket How can I help you

o lt takes around 75 minutes

Writing (a story in 1't person narrative)

Getting started

Read the rubric What is the story about? Who is the story about?

I You work at a teen magazine The editor has asked

I you to write a short story entitled,

The best holidoy I've ever had

Let's look closer

2 Read the story and complete the paragraph plan with the headings: climax

events, events in sequence , what happened in the end/feelings

&@ W were all in good spirits after spending the whole summer

c a m p i n g i n E u r o p e ltaly was our final destination a n d w e were

setting up camp for the very last time We were staying at a fantastic

c a m p s i t e , b i g tr e e s s h a d e d o u r t e n t A t night you could hear v o i c e s

h a p p i l y c h a t t i n g i n th e darkness a n d in s e c t s b u z z i n g i n t h e tr e e s

p " One evening, we decided to go to a traditional ltalian

r e s t a u r a n t W e h a d been cooking f o r o u r s e l v e s m o s t n i g h t s , s o i t

s e e m e d l i k e a r e a l t r e a t to h a v e s o m e o n e p r e p a r e o u r m e a l f o r u s

Everyone got dressed up in their best clothes and we headed off

t o w a r d s t h e t o w n The food was delicious w e t u c k e d i n t o a i l kinds

of pasta, pizzas and juicy fresh fish dishes Then, after we.d fjnished

e a t i n g t h e r e was a special d a n c i n g d e m o n s t r a t i o n b y s o m e of the

l o c a l s We clapped a n d c h e e r e d a s th e y w h i r l e d a r o u n d t h e d a n c e

f l o o r T h e n , t h e y m a d e u s h a v e a g o N o o n e was very g o o d but we

h a d a g r e a t t i m e tr y i n g t o g e t th e moves r i g h t

$b Wf,en the music finally stopped we noticed that everything in the

restaurant was shaking from side to side ,,euickl Get under the tables

It's an earthquake," shouted one of the waiters We hadn't noticed the

ground moving before as we had been concentrating on dancingl

& & W w e r e tr e m b l i n g w i t h f e a r by the time the earthquake w a s

Link the sentences Use the words in brackets in the correct tense.

1 T h e j o u r n e y e n d e d W e g o t off the boat (as soon as)

2 T h e boat was sailing w e w e r e eating i c e - c r e a m o n t h e d e c k ( w h i l e )

2 6

4 Read the extract below and underline the correct past tense.

As I lf was driving/had drove home, it 2| started/was

starting to rain Suddenly the road 3f was becoming/became

very slippery Then, out of nowhere a dog 4| ran/was running out

in front of the car The dog 5| had disappeared/disappeared

from view and | 6l was slammed/slammed on the brakes

Luckily, | 7) learned/had learned how to drive in dangerous

conditions and | 8f was stopping/stopped very quickly As I

9) got/was getting out of the car, the dog 101 was wagging/

wagged his tail He was absolutely fine

A n i n t e r e s t i n g b e g i n n i n g i s a s im p o r t a n t a s a n r n t e r e s t i n g e n d i n g

A n i n t e r e s t i n g b e g i n n i n g w i l l c a t c h th e r e a d e r ' s a t t e n t t o n a n d

m a k e h i m / h e r w a n t t o c o n t i n u e r e a d i n g A g o o d e n d i n g w i l l

make him/her feel satisfied

You can SIARfyour story by:

a) using your senses to set the scene and describe the weather,

atmosphere, surroundings or people's actions to create mystery

o r s u s p e n s e

I ee ulrj hear the vtinrj ht:vvilng arauncl ffie lt was quite rlcrk thar night

and it felt strange to be out in the wilCerness all alone"

hls,ve you ever {rovelled by train cn a warffi summer *ight7

addressing the reader directly

I cm surey*u allknaw what a bcrqain is

referring to your feelings or moods

lvvas exhawsteclberr;use lhad t:een skor*inq ell sfternr:an"

Match the beginnings of thestories to the endings and saywhich techniques have beenused in each one

Beginnings

FTI "Don't walk under a

ladder lt's bad luck " mygranny used to say

Why, for no reason at all,

do you feel scared whenyou walk into some rooms?

It was so quiet, I could hear

my stomach rumbling Wewere all lying on the floor

as the bank robbers tookthe money

E n d i n g s

T h e m a n b e h i n d t h e

c o u n t e r h a d s a v e d u s a l lwith his bravery We were

i d )

i " )

Techniques to begin your story

Techniques to end your story

You can end your story by:

a) using direct speech

'!t's gaing ta be e!! right,' Jchn s,sid ta me

b) referring to your feelings or moods

l&te were trembilnq vtit'* {Esr but v'rt were h*py:y i,: be ali rc,c) asking a rhetoricalquestion

'Vlhy d*es it slwcys have le be so difficuit?'d) describing people's reactions to/ feelings about the events

developed in the main body

f'ly fatker kad berarne the hero *{ the day dnd I was e/te, :)/ inL)d cf

him

2 7

in the UK, Summerhill

is all about freedom At

Summerhill lessons are not

3) lf a pupil doesn't like

maths, he or she can choose not to go to

classes That of course doesn't mean that a

pupil can always do as he or she likes There

are 190 rules at Summerhill and one of the first

things teachers 4) children

learn in an ordinary school,' 11)

fourteen-year-old pupil Jo Whitley Parents are

also enthusiastic.'Summerhill has

12) our daughters' manners

said one of them.'lt is a great school!'

r'<'r',

",,**" ,.r:!:":r-, ",a.".0"

3

C r o s s t h e o d d word out, as in the example

1 -.rsery secondary, high, qij"jM

2 ; r i v e r s i t y , g y m , library, l a b

3 prirrate, primary, professor, state

4 headmaster, head teacher, tutor, course

5 c e r t i f i c a t e , d i p l o m a , d e g r e e , a p p l i c a t i o n

6 s e m i n a r , l e c t u r e , c l a s s , m a r k

7 c l a s s m a t e s , p u p i l s , s t u d e n t s , s u b j e c t s

M a t c h th e words in the columns t h e n u s e

t h e m t o f i l l in the gaps in the sentences b e l o w

f { r

t 5 l I

F-tt FTI

4 Use the words in bold to rewrite the sentences

using the correct idiom

1 Sonra has learned tl"e poem so well that she

can remember it without havinq to read it

Students at Harvard University study long hoursand have a very demanding schedule/timetable

Use the suffixes to form nouns from the verbs

in the list Use the nouns to complete the

Grammar in Use

Reported speech statements

Fill in: say, tellor askin the correct form

1 l c a n ' t f o r sure, b u t I t h i n k Lynn

l s already l o o k i n g f o r a new job

T h e teacher he was disappointeo

Professor Jones promised to

u s why he had resigned f r o m his j o b

1 "ls Brian well-behaved?,, Mrs Gardner askedMrs Gardner asked if Brion was vtelf-behaved

" W h a t are your plans for tomorrow?,, p a u

speech "Do you preferclassical m u s i c t o j a z z ? " Dan

m y e x a m s

9 " C o u l d y o u lend me your car?,, J o h n s a i d

10 "Be nicer to your sisters,,' Mrs Baker saidTcm sairj (thct) he- was sturlying very hard fcr his

Reported speech statements

Turn the following sentences into reported

A n n said, " l was doing the gardening w h e n it

s t a r t e d r a i n i n g "

3 0

4 Turn the following text into Direct Speech.

The student advisor asked Paul why he thought he

didn't do well in the exams Paul said that there

were many reasons behind his poor performance.

He explained that first of all, he had a fear of exams.

The student advisor asked Paul to tell him what

caused the fear Paul admitted that he found it

difficult to organise his time and that he didnt pay

attention in class.As a result, he always felt

unprepared.The student advisor suggested that Paul

spend more time in the library and keep a daily

schedule of the things he needed to do Paul said

that he had always wanted to organise his time but

didnt l<now how to He agreed to l<eep a schedule

and organise his time.The student advisor asl<ed

him to meet with him again next week.

Reporting modal verbsTim is talking to his teacher about his lowgrades and how to improve them Turn whatthe teacher said into reported speech

1 "You will have to work harder if you want to

." "Why do yau think ycu didn't clo vvel! in the exarns?"

the student nCvisar asktd Feu!

Reporting verbs

Use the verbs in the list to report the

sentences

promrse suggest c explain deny ask

1 "Please turn down the music," Philip said to

)oyce Philip asked Jayce to turn dawn the music

2 "Let's go to the Prcasso exhibition," Susan

1 " Let's enrol on an evening course with

T I elen Adams Keller was born in Alabama in 1880

-EL anO died in 1968 Helen became deaf and blind

after a short childhood illness when she was 19 months

old In 1886, aged six, Helen was introduced to Anne

Sullivan, a twenty-year-old teacher who was partially

blind Anne was the first person to teach Helen the

meaning of words The first word that Helen learned

was 'water' which Anne taught her by running cool

water over her palm Anne also taught Helen how to

speak by touching the lips and throats of other people,

which is known as the Tadoma method Helen was

very close to Anne, and called her 'Teacher' They

remained close friends and companions for 49 years

In 1894, Helen and Anne moved to New York to study

at the Wright-Humason School for the Deaf In 1898,

Helen entered The Cambridge School for Young Ladies

in Massachusetts and in 1900 she was admitted to

D She was an inspiration for Helen

What did Helen do after she graduated from

autobiographical book called The Story of my Lfe.ln

1904, Helen graduated from Radcliffe College becomingthe first deaf and blind person to graduate from college.Helen became famous all over the world as an authorand speaker and travelled to over 39 countries withAnne Anne Sullivan died in 1936 Helen devoted therest of her life to raising funds for blind and deafpeople in America In 1960, she published anotherbook, entitled Light in my Darkness She died in June,

1968 in Connecticut

Helen Keller will always be remembered as anexceptional person who overcame her blindness anddeafness to achieve great things As she always said,'The best and most beautiful ihings in the worldcannot be seen or even touched Thev must be feltwithin the heart.'

*l

3 2

Listening & Speaking

Evening Courses

You will hear information regardingevening courses Fill in the missing information

in the numbered spaces

THE EVENING COLLEGE

offers evening 1)

ENROLL TODAY AND SAVE I2O

COURSES on offer: French, ltalian,

C o u l d y o u p l e a s e h e l p m e w i t h t h e S c i e n c eproject?

Who is speaking, please l'll just get him for yo- Would you like to leave a message

c How can I help you Great I'd appreciate it

Good morning National Gallery

Hellol May i speak to Mr Byrne, please?

2 ) ?This is Helena Bell, Mr Byrne's sister

One moment, Mrs Bell.3)

B :A:

B :A:

B :

A:

Thank you

:'I'm afraid Mr Byrne is not answering his Ii

p h o n e 4 ) ?

him to call me?

Of course I'll make sure Mr Byrne getsthe message

5 ) .tn

Writing (a for-and-against essay)

Read the rubric and underline the key words Think of reasons for and againsf boarding schools andcomplete the spidergrams

,i, Your teacher has asked you to write an essay discussing the positive and negative aspects of going to

fi a boarding school Write your essay explaining what it is like studying and living in a school most of

Let's look closer

a Read the essay below and complete the paragraph plan with the headings How many of your ideascan you find in the essay?

advantages & justifications/examples your opinion disadvantages & justifications/examples

$M More and more parents today choose to send

r e s u l t they become more independent

F u r t h e r m o r e , boarding schools have excellent

b Underline the topic sentences in the main body paragraphs of the essay Can you think of alternativeones?

34

f o r m a l style; therefore y o u should avoid using

s t r o n g language ( l know, I am sure, etc), short

To conclude Firstly In addition

o For thrs reason o On the other hand

Consequently o Y1or.ou.t

Techniques to begin or end your essay

To attract the reader's interest and make the

b e g i n n i n g o r e n d i n g o f y o u r e s s a y m o r e e f f e c t i v e ,

y o u can use some o f t h e f o l l o w i n g t e c h n i q u e s :

a i n c l u d e a r h e t o r i c a l q u e s t i o n

ls it true that a great teacher can change your life?

b address the reader directly

lf you are patient and caring, you will have more

chances of becoming a great teacher

c i n c l u d e a q u o t a t i o n (i e a s e n t e n c e o r p h r a s e

taken from a book, play, etc) When we use a

^ , , ^ + _ + ; ^ ^ ; + ; - , ^ ^ - e s s A r v t o m e n t i o n t l ^ e 6 1 2 1 1 6

9 U U L d L r U r r , r L r > i l e L - - , -

of the person who said/wrote it

As G.K Chesterton said,'Education is simply the so,Ll of

a society as it passes from one generation to aici:^,.t

Read the extracts below and say which are

As St Augustine said, 'The world is a book, andthose who do not travel read only one page.'

Your turn

a Use the ideas below to discuss the pros andcons of studying in a foreign country Useappropriate linkers

Pros experience different culture become more ooen and tolerant make new friends of different natronalitiesJustification

o learn the history, customs, language, etc

new customs completely different to yours

b Use your answers in Ex 5a to write youressay (120-150 words).

Weird &

wonderful

1 Fill in the gaps with the appropriate words.

countless horn popular haunting

o killing mythical speed o protect treasures deaths

,;!ld*ii*iliidit!-*d!ilri;qli! ii.irri:!i.t!:i+i,:;J

_ ,

eople havethroughout

l l s t o r i e sand other 2l creatures Some mythsare about beautiJul sirens that pull sailors to their

3 l w i t h t h e i r 4 l , , songs Others are about brave men 5l

dragons who watch over priceless 6l Then there are those about lhe unicorn with its white coat andits magical 7l In the Mediterranean and the Middle East there are other stories of griffins with thesight and 8l of eagles and whose job it was to 9f riches Each and every country

in the world has its own set of myths that have been passed down from generation to generation andwhich continue to be 101 with children and adults today

always loved myths andhistory there have beenabout dragons, unicorns

2 Circle the correct word

1 S o m e mythical creatures w e r e i m m u n e /unaffected to any poison

2 Ancrent Greek gods were immortal/valuable

3 I n G r e e k m y t h o l o g y t h e S p h r n x w o u l d k i l l

t h o s e w h o c o u l d n o t s o l v e h e r ri d d l e / p u z z l e

4 T h e H y d r a ' s nine heads were attached/

p o i n t e d t o a l o n g n e c k Giants were feared/scared by people becausethey were cruel and mean creatures

T h e S i r e n s w o u l d s i n g s o n g s tr i c k i n g s a i l o r s

i n t o s t e e r i n g / d r i v i n g t h e i r s h i p s t o r o c k s

S o m e p e o p l e w e r e m o v i n g / s h a k i n g w i t h f e a r

a s th e g i a n t e n t e r e d t h e v i l l a g e 4The saiiors tapped/chattered their feet in

Fill in: frightened the life out of , live in fear of ,

scaredto death of, fighttothe death

H e h a d to b l o o d t o b e c o m e a

m u l t i m i l l i o n a i r e

H e r a r r o g a n t b e h a v i o u r m a k e s m y b l o o d

I m i g h t f i g h t w i t h m y b r o t h e r b u t w e l o v eeach other to bits As they say, blood is

Fill in: petrified, delighted, bored, shocked

1 We were all to hearthe qood news

2 l've read in the newspaper that a Spanishcompany will over British Arrways

3 Jane over a letter of apology to lan

4 What has over her? She

is acting so strangely!

5 l t t o o k h i m y e a r s t o o v e rhis parents' divorce

3 7

she is the life and soul of a party

o his costume won the scariest costume prize

o most people go on holiday

won four Oscar awards in 2005

r it is celebrated on the 31st of October

she has been before

Halloween is a festival whirh is celebrated an the

3l st of Qctaber

L a u r a i s th e kind of girl

3 'Million Dollar Baby'is the film

4 Steve was the one

5 E m m a d o e s n ' t w a n t to t r a v e l t o a p l a c e

6 A u g u s t i s th e m o n t h

Circle the correct relative pronoun

1 Brian is the student who's/whose alwavs

The street where/which she lives is one of the

most expensive streets in London

It was this time last year where/when we first

F i l l in t h e correct r e l a t i v e p r o n o u n p u t commaswhere necessary, Write D for defining, write NDfor non-defining, and say whether the relativepronoun/adverb can be omitted or not

1 M a r t h a Graham, w h o was one of America's

m o s t im p o r t a n t c h o r e o g r a p h e r s , d i e d in N e wYork in 1 991 (l'lD, cannot be omitted j

w e e k , i s a n o l d friend o f m i n e

3 T h e g i r l t h e h e a d m a s t e r e x p e l l e d

f r o m school i s N o r a S m i t h

B i l l J o n e s , s t u d i e d a t t h e s a m euniversity as my father, has become the new

2 0 0 4 w a s th e y e a r

O l y m p i c G a m e s

T h - + ' + l - ^ l - - - ^

t t t o L ) L t t c u d u - - - - - -

Join the sentences using relative prorwuns/adverbs,

1 Laura is talking :o a -'- -: -::: :l 1er carvesterdav

S P E E C H, ' : - - - B E A U r y

5

3 8

Comparatives and Superlatives

Have you seen PrideondPrejudice? Complete the

sentences with the correct form

of the adjective in brackets

Complete the exchanges with the correct form

of the adjective/adverb in brackets

Mr DarcY has got

(beautiful) house Elizabeth has ever seen'

M r D a r c y t h i n k s t h a t E l i z a b e t h i s """" "" "" .

' (attractive) than Miss Bingley' :

8 A : P a b l o i s n ' t v e r y s o c i a b l e

B : N o b u t t o d a y h e ' s( t a l k a t i v e ) t h a n l' v e e v e r s e e n h i mFill in with the correct form of the word inbrackets

Come and visit one of 1) the mast exciting( e x c i t i n g ) c o u n t r i e s i n t h e w o r l d - P e r u , w h e r e

t h e p e o p l e a r e 2 ) ( h o s p i t a b l e ) t h a nanywhere else You will see some of 3)

( o l d ) s i t e s i n t h e w o r l d , a s w e l l a s 4 ) ( m o d e r n ) c i t i e s w i t h 5 ) ( g o o d )

r e s t a u r a n t s i n S o u t h A m e r i c a

T o m a k e t r a v e l a r r a n g e m e n t s 6 ) ( e a s y ) , o u r to u r i n c l u d e s g u i d e d v i s i t s t o s o m e o f

7 ) ( f a m o u s ) c o l o n i a l c i t i e s i nPeru You will also get the opportunity to explore

Sentence transformationsComplete the second sentence so that itmeans the same as the first Use no more thanthree words

1 Rebecca was friendlier than all your friends atyour birthday party

R e b e c c a w a s of all your friends at your birthday party

2 Richard's mother organised his party

(far) in the race, wasn't it?

That's right The others drdn't have a chance!

Read the text and questions below For each question, circle the correct answer A, B or C

he Feast of St Lucia, which is celebrated in Sweden onthe 13th December, is

r l s s r lr r n i a i^ + r ^ o n e of the most popular S w e d i s h

-f Sr &cin

W h a t i s the main purpose in

writing the text?

A T o te l l th e story o f S t L u c i a

B T o t a l k about the St Lucia

festival in Sweden

C To explain why the St Lucia

festival is so popular in Sweden

B lt is only celebrated in big cities

C lt is not as popular as other

According to traditiol t:jti1-t light in darkness'

larry in * e m orn ins I ;i,Jjfl,Tff .; il: T,n l,,,ff -:,,.::

sash at the waist and a crown o Jrri"o with candles,

andserves

her family saffron buns and 0"" The boys in thefamily wear rong white shirts and pointeo- hats and herp toserve the buns and the coffee CfritOren

oO.n no to school,ffi:,.] in these costumes and serve the buns to theirEvery village and every town in Sweden has iis own St Lucia.However,

the most famous on in ;;;", rs the nationalLucia who is selected from among ir.lo,lrrno of girts in acompetition The winr

il"r:ffi::ffi::

and food stores Almost every Swede

t nor the St Lucia song

The night treads heavitvAround yards and Owettings,

In places not reached by ihe sun,the shadows brooo.

Into our dark house she cornesbearing lighted candles,Saint Lucia, Saint Lucia

What is true according to the text?

40

Listening & Speaking

Party time

Listen to the dialogue between Philip and

Simon For each question choose the correct

1 A How would you like to come to my party on

o lt's so frightening Don't be scared I am scared o f l t w a s n o t h i n g really f r i g h t e n m e

Jenny: What a spooky housel

W h a t w a s th a t s o u n d ?Elsa: 5)