Research thesis with objectives improve the effectiveness of implementation of poverty reduction policies based on multi-dimensional approach poverty lines in Vinh Long province.
Trang 1A INTRODUCTION
1 The reason for choosing a topic
Vietnam is a pioneer country in Southeast Asia and Asia in measuring multidimensional poverty with multi-dimensional approach poverty lines promulgated under the Prime Minister's Decision No 59/2015/QD-TTg dated 27 November 11, 2015 applies to the period 2016-2020
In order to implement the poverty reduction policy based on the dimensional approach to poverty lines, Vinh Long province has directed localities to review, investigate and identify the exact subjects, thereby supporting creating conditions for poor households to borrow capital production development Over 4 years of implementing policies, Vinh Long has had many positive changes; The number of poor households and the percentage of poor households has decreased every year
Although important results have been achieved, the implementation of the poverty reduction policy based on multi-dimensional approach poverty lines in Vinh Long still faces some difficulties
In the current context, the implementation of poverty reduction policies based
on multi-dimensional approach poverty lines should be considered and evaluated objectively, in order to have solutions to improve the effectiveness of policy implementation, promote socio-economic development Vinh Long provincial association is a very urgent issue, but none of the authors have studied it intensively and comprehensively Therefore, the author chooses the topic "Implementing poverty reduction policies based on multi-dimensional approach poverty lines in Vinh Long province" as a doctoral thesis
2 Research purposes and missions
Trang 2Secondly, systematize and supplement some theoretical issues on the implementation of poverty reduction policies based on the multi-dimensional approach poverty lines
Thirdly, assess the status of implementing poverty reduction policies based on multi-dimensional approach poverty lines in Vinh Long province
Fourthly, propose solutions to improve the effectiveness of implementation of poverty reduction policies based on multi-dimensional approach poverty lines in Vinh Long province
3 Research subject and scope
3.1 Research subjects
Implementing poverty reduction policies based on multi-dimensional approach poverty lines in Vinh Long province
3.2 Research scope
3.2.1 Regarding the content
Study the process of organizing and implementing the poverty reduction policy based on multi-dimensional approach poverty lines in Vinh Long
multi-to 2020, building the orientation multi-to raise the multi-dimensional approach poverty line
in Vinh Long to 2025 and the following years follow
4 Theoretical basis and research methods
4.1 Methodology
The topic is studied based on the views of dialectical materialism and historical materialism; views of the Communist Party of Vietnam; State policies and laws on poverty reduction policies according to the multi-dimensional approach poverty lines
Trang 34.2 Research Methods
Research Methods
Specific research methods used include:
- Method of studying documents and documents
Studying the Party's documents, legal documents, related scientific works in order to build a theoretical basis of the topic
- Select the survey sample
PhD students conducted interviews with 200 officials at all levels
- Descriptive statistics method
Analyze the reality of poverty reduction policy implementation according to the multi-dimensional approach poverty line
- Method of experts: consulting 330 turns of scientific officials and managers
to consult with the Ministry on the new multidimensional poverty measurement index for the period 2021-2025
5 New contributions of the thesis
- Develop orientations and goals towards building poverty lines according to the international approach
5.2 On the practical side
- Review reality, point out inadequacies in implementing poverty reduction policies based on local multidimensional poverty lines
- Proposing solutions to improve the effectiveness of poverty reduction policy implementation according to multi-dimensional approach poverty lines in Vinh Long province
Trang 4- Research results of the topic are references for research, policy making, and teaching
- Contribute to realizing the Resolution of the Fifth Conference of the Party Central Committee (Session XI)
6 Research questions
- Is the theoretical basis for implementing the poverty reduction policy based
on the poverty line fully approached ?
- How has the implementation of the poverty reduction policy based on dimensional approach poverty lines been implemented in Vinh Long province ?
multi In order to improve the effectiveness of implementing the poverty reduction policy based on the multidimensional poverty line in Vinh Long, which measures should be implemented ?
7 The structure of the thesis
Official thesis title: Implementing the poverty reduction policy based on dimensional approach poverty lines in Vinh Long province
multi-In addition to the introduction, table of contents, conclusions, list of scientific works published by the author, list of references and appendices, the thesis content is structured into 4 chapters
Trang 5B CONTENT Chapter 1 OVERVIEW OF THE RESEARCH SITUATION 1.1 Relevant studies published at home and abroad
1.1.1 Studies on policy implementation
1.1.1.1 The study of foreign authors
Elizabeth Eppel, David Tuner and Amanda Wolf, in "Experimentation and learning in public Policy Implementation Implementations for Public Management" think that there are two models: designing and implementing policies that show the central role of state agencies and design and implementation of empirical policy Basir Chand in "Public Policy: Implementation Approaches" has proposed applying different approaches to policy implementation William N Dunn's "Public Policy Analysis An Introduction" analyzed the structure of the policy, monitored the outcome of the policy, and assessed the results of policy implementation Policy Analysis Concepts and Practice by David L Weimer and Aidan R Vining Prentice Hall published a method for analyzing policy problems and methods for analyzing policy solutions Michael Hill's "The Policy Process in the Modern Stale", Prentice Hall Publishing, addresses a number of policy implementation models and accountability of public authorities in the organization of policy implementation
1.1.1.2 The study of domestic authors
Author Le Chi Mai "The basics of policies and policy processes" refers to the policy process, the impact factors as well as the form of public policy implementation Le Van Hoa "Monitoring and evaluation of public policy" presented the basic issues of public policy implementation evaluation
1.1.2 Studies on social security policies and poverty reduction policies
1.1.2.1 The study of foreign authors
UNDP "Poverty reduction in Vietnam" has clarified the causes of poverty in Vietnam, analyzing solutions to address the causes of poverty Tuan Phong Don and Hosein Jalian “Poverty and poverty reduction policy in Vietnam, experience from the transition economy” study the basic components of the poverty reduction policy system in Vietnam The World Bank's "hunger attack" points to the positive effects
of the policies as well as the irrationalities of the poverty reduction policy system
Trang 6Asian Development Bank, "An Overview of the Impact of Greater Mekong Subregional Economic Integration on Poverty", an overview of poverty in Vietnam, provides recommendations on poverty reduction policies
1.1.2.2 The study of domestic authors
Nguyen Van Chieu "Social security policies and the role of the state in the implementation of social security policies in Vietnam" refers to the experience of some countries, the real situation of implementing social security policies in Vietnam, directions and solutions to enhance the role of the state in the implementation of social security policies in Vietnam Mai Ngoc Cuong "Developing and completing social security policies in Vietnam" refers to the system of social security policies in Vietnam; directions, solutions to build and perfect the system of social security policies in Vietnam Le Quoc Ly "Social security policies - situation and solutions" analyzed the theoretical and practical basis for obstacles in implementing social security policies; Proposing 5 groups of solutions to overcome obstacles in the implementation of social security policies in our country
1.1.3 Studies on the implementation of poverty reduction policies based on multi-dimensional approach poverty lines
1.1.3.1 The study of foreign authors
Worl Bank "A good start, but not yet completed: Vietnam's impressive achievements in poverty reduction and new challenges, Vietnam Poverty Assessment 2012" offers a new perspective on the lives of people poverty, and also explore their current limitations and opportunities to escape poverty UNDP Viet Nam
"Multidimensional poverty report in Vietnam: reducing poverty in all dimensions to ensure a quality life for everyone" affirms that poverty reduction in Vietnam has achieved international recognition , marking the transition from income poverty measures to multidimensional measurement The Worl Bank "New step in reducing poverty and common prosperity in Vietnam, updated report 2018" affirms that Vietnam has achieved success in reducing poverty through inequality control and economic growth
1.1.3.2 The study of domestic authors
Bui Sy Loi "Sustainable poverty reduction solution in Vietnam" introduces the success of poverty reduction, proposes some solutions for sustainable poverty reduction Pham Tat Thang "Sustainable multi-dimensional poverty reduction for the Northwest provinces" emphasizes the goal of sustainable poverty reduction, enabling the poor to access basic social services for the people, including the Western
Trang 7provinces North Research by Nguyen Quoc Dung and Vo Thi Kim Thu "Poverty reduction for Khmer people in the Southwest of Vietnam in the process of sustainable development" approach to economic support policies, in-depth study of spiritual life, traditional culture of the Khmer people, find the main cause of poverty and set out directions and solutions to reduce poverty Dang Kim Son "Poverty alleviation by promoting internal resources of community organizations" introduces the role and forms of community organization to contribute to gathering people in the community to reduce poverty Vo Thi Thu Nguyet "Hunger eradication and poverty reduction in Malaysia and Thailand, lessons learned for Vietnam" makes clear that Malaysia and Thailand's hunger eradication and poverty reduction strategies are valuable lessons for countries aiming High growth targets go hand in hand with social justice
1.2 Some comments about the research works
1.2.1 Research on addressing poverty
In general, the studies initially analyzed poverty reduction policies of countries, made recommendations for the most appropriate policy implementation such as: building infrastructure, taking care of education and medical examination and treatment based on the country's existing "limited" capital resources
Some studies emphasize job seeking for people because of lack of jobs has pushed people to poverty
1.2.2 Studies on Vietnam's poverty reduction policies
The studies mainly provide policy recommendations in both planning and implementation, focusing on finding solutions to achieve overarching goals across the territory
1.2.3 Studies on implementation of poverty reduction policies based on multi-dimensional approach poverty lines
Most policy evaluation studies are based on a qualitative basis and perceptual indicators drawn from sociological surveys but not on a specific set of criteria so conclusions and recommendations are made may not be appropriate
1.3 The dissertation issues need to be focused on research and solving
Firstly, systematize and build a theoretical framework for implementing poverty reduction policies based on multi-dimensional approach poverty lines
Trang 8Secondly, to survey and evaluate the status of implementing poverty reduction policies based on multi-dimensional approach poverty lines in Vinh Long province
Thirdly, develop solutions to improve the effectiveness of poverty reduction policies based on multi-dimensional approach poverty lines in Vinh Long province
For these reasons, the PhD student has chosen the issue of "Implementation of poverty reduction policy based on multi-dimensional approach poverty lines in Vinh Long province" as a doctoral thesis of Political Science
Conclusion of chapter 1
Although a number of studies have focused on evaluating some key components of poverty reduction policies based on the multi-dimensional approach poverty line, they have just stopped at assessing and identifying the inadequacies in realizing poverty poverty reduction policies based on multi-dimensional approach poverty lines
From the overview of the research situation, the author gave both theoretical and practical suggestions on the effective implementation of poverty reduction policies based on the multi-dimensional approach poverty lines in the near future
Chapster 2 THEORETICAL BASIS AND PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE ABOUT ENFORCEMENT OF POVERTY REDUCTION POLICIES
ACCORDING TO POOR STANDARDS APPROACH
MULTIDIMENSIONAL
2.1 Basic theoretical issues about poverty according to the dimensional approach poverty line and the poverty reduction policy based on the multi-dimensional approach poverty line
multi-2.1.1 Poverty follows the multi-dimensional approach to poverty
2.1.1.1 The concept of multidimensional poverty
Poverty is a situation in which a part of the population does not have the conditions of life such as eating, dressing, housing, sanitation, health, education, transportation, and the right to participate in community decisions
Trang 92.1.1.2 Poverty line in Vietnam
Approaching unidirectional poverty measurement in the period 1993-2015 Since 1993, Vietnam has changed the poverty line 7 times
Poverty follows the multi-dimensional approach to poverty
Poverty line: The poverty line is a measure of who is poor to implement support policies to ensure equity in the implementation of poverty reduction policies
Multi-dimensional approach poverty lines: The Prime Minister's Decision 59/2015 clearly defines the criteria for multidimensional poverty measurement applied for the period 2016-2020; The standard of poor, near-poor and average-living households applies for the period 2016-2020
2.1.2 Poverty reduction policies based on multi-dimensional approach poverty lines
2.1.2.1 Definition of policy
Policy is a specific line associated with political power, with the ruling party and with the state-state power apparatus of a political party or a powerful subject on a certain field with measures, plan to do that way
2.1.2.2 Poverty reduction policies based on multi-dimensional approach poverty lines
The poverty reduction policy based on multidimensional poverty line is a system of general poverty reduction policies and specific poverty reduction policies for projects under the National target program on sustainable poverty reduction in districts poor, poor communes, villages, extremely difficult villages
2.1.2.3 Structure of poverty reduction policies based on multi-dimensional approach poverty lines
The goals of poverty reduction policies based on multi-dimensional poverty lines: sustainable poverty reduction, limiting re-poverty; economic growth, ensuring
social security, improving living standards, increasing people's income, especially in poor areas, creating favorable conditions for the poor and poor households to access social services
Basic chance Principles for directing the implementation of poverty reduction policies according to the multi-dimensional approach poverty lines: in terms of the
absolute number of poor households that can be reduced within a given period of
Trang 10time; In terms of the quality of poverty reduction, it is true that the poor's life has been improved after the supporting effect, the income gap with other population groups has been shortened Poverty status
Scope and subjects of poverty reduction policies based on multi-dimensional approach poverty lines: scope of policy implementation, who are the beneficiaries
The content of poverty reduction policies based on multi-dimensional approach poverty lines: is a specific activity or more depending on the goals of each
2.2 Implementing poverty reduction policies based on multi-dimensional approach poverty lines
2.2.1 Enforce policies in the policy cycle
2.2.1.1 Policy cycle
The policy cycle is a process of rotating steps from starting policy to determining the effectiveness of policy in social life [26, pp.166-190] In Vietnam, policy implementation is the stage of realizing policies in social life - the stage of organizing the implementation of selected policy solutions and examining the implementation
Trang 112.2.1.2 Policy implementation and poverty reduction policy based on dimensional approach poverty lines
multi-Implementing the poverty reduction policy based on multi-dimensional poverty line is the process of turning related policies, directions and measures into practical results through organized activities in the state apparatus and the Extensive participation of organizations, units, families, individuals and the whole society
2.2.2 Subjects, subjects, evaluation criteria and factors affecting the implementation of poverty reduction policies based on multi-dimensional approach poverty lines
2.2.2.1 Subjects and subjects participating in the implementation of poverty reduction policies according to the multi-dimensional approach poverty lines
- The State plays the role of the subject, and the implementation of policies must mobilize the wide participation of all organizations, units, families, individuals and the whole society
- The objects of poverty reduction policies based on multi-dimensional approach poverty lines are all people
2.2.2.2 Criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of implementing poverty reduction policies according to the multi-dimensional approach poverty lines
- The validity of the policy is reflected in the level of achieving the set goals
- The effectiveness of the policy reflects the correlation between the results given by the policy and the spent costs
- The equity of the policy is reflected in the implementation of income redistribution, helping vulnerable people to overcome income inequality among social groups
- The impact of the policy reflects the final outcome of the policy - Level of resolving poverty reduction policies according to the multi-dimensional approach poverty line
2.2.2.3 Factors affecting the implementation of poverty reduction policies based on multi-dimensional approach poverty lines
Factors affecting the implementation of poverty reduction policies based on
multi-dimensional poverty lines: Economic growth; Industrialization, modernization
and urbanization; Natural disasters, epidemics, environmental pollution, climate
Trang 12change; Organizational and managerial capacity of the state apparatus at all levels; Awareness of society and people
2.2.3 The States role in implementing poverty reduction policies based on multi-dimensional approach poverty lines
2.2.3.1 The objective indispensability of the government's implementation of poverty reduction policies based on the multi-dimensional approach poverty line
First, comes from one of two basic functions of the state - social function Secondly, overcoming the limitations of market economy Thirdly, ensure social
security, improve social welfare, protect the rights of all people Fourthly, it is a
service that the private sector can hardly undertake fully and completely
2.3 Experiences in some localities and lessons on implementing poverty reduction policies based on multi-dimensional approach poverty lines for Vinh Long province
2.3.1 Experience in implementing poverty reduction policies based on dimensional approach poverty lines in Thai Binh province
multi-Thai Binh Province has implemented programs and projects to support the poor households synchronously and effectively, contributing to improving the material and spiritual life of the poor, ensuring social security, stabilizing life, sustainable poverty reduction
2.3.2 Experience in implementing poverty reduction policies based on dimensional approach poverty lines in Tra Vinh province
multi-Sustainable poverty reduction is one of 06 key tasks of Tra Vinh with the participation of the whole political system However, besides the results of implementing poverty reduction in Tra Vinh province, there are still limitations
2.3.3 Lessons learned for Vinh Long province
Firstly, strengthening the role of the entire political system in implementing
poverty reduction policies in line with local reality Secondly, renewing the way to
organize credit loans in a smooth, efficient and right manner to the poor subjects
Thirdly, implement the universal education policy, create favorable conditions for the
children of the poor to study, set up a low interest rate loan development education
fund for university and vocational training Fourthly, to implement social protection
policies, health insurance for the poor, solve jobs and solve negative phenomena in
poverty reduction Fifth, to avoid relapsing into poverty, it is necessary to combine