Lakhimpur is a district of Assam which is most frequently affected by flood due to its topography. During periods of heavy rainfall in this region, sali (winter) rice is mostly affected and farmers suffer a great loss in income. Thus, considering the loss of the farmers, Krishi Vigyan Kendra Lakhimpur has introduced stress tolerant rice variety “Ranjit sub-1” developed by Assam Agricultural University in few pockets of the district. The variety was demonstrated during 2018-19 and 2019-20 using improved cultivation practices.
Trang 1Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2020.905.162
Yield Performance and Popularization of Stress Tolerant Rice Variety
(Ranjit Sub-1) in Lakhimpur District of Assam, India Rupsikha Goswami*, Mouchumi Dutta, Bhabesh Chandra Deka and Lakshi Kanta Nath
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Lakhimpur, India
*Corresponding author
A B S T R A C T
Introduction
Rice is the staple food for more than half of
the world’s population and cultivation of rice
is the main occupation of those engaged in
agriculture In Assam rice occupies about
two-third of the total cropped area in the state
The total area under rice in Assam is around
50 lakh hectares with total production of 52.0
lakh tonnes and average productivity of 2.1
t/ha Lakhimpur is a district located in the
north eastern part of Assam and agro
climatically lies in north bank plain zone of river Brahmaputra It lies between 26o48' and
27o53' Northern latitude and 93o42' and 94o20' East longitude It is located at 101 meter above mean sea level According to data published by Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Govt of Assam in 2017-18 , the area under winter (sali) rice in the district is
70272 ha and average productivity is 3276 kg/ha The district experiences abundant rainfall throughout the year, however from April/May-August /September occurrence of
ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 5 (2020)
Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com
Lakhimpur is a district of Assam which is most frequently affected by flood due to its topography During periods of heavy rainfall in this region, sali (winter) rice is mostly affected and farmers suffer a great loss in income Thus, considering the loss of the farmers, Krishi Vigyan Kendra Lakhimpur has introduced stress tolerant rice variety
“Ranjit sub-1” developed by Assam Agricultural University in few pockets of the district The variety was demonstrated during 2018-19 and 2019-20 using improved cultivation practices Different data were collected during the demonstrations and comparison was made with farmer’s variety From the study it has been found that Ranjit sub-1 can survive
in submerged condition upto 15 days from date of transplanting and even showed better yielding capacity in comparison to farmer’s variety Technology gap, extension gap and technology index was also calculated Also, economic analysis was done where it has been found that net return of Rs 24460 and Rs 24600 was obtained for Ranjit sub-1 against Rs
9700 and Rs 10698 for farmer’s variety during 2018-19 and 2019-20 respectively Moreover, benefit cost ratio was found to be 1.58 and 1.54 of Ranjit sub-1 as against 1.31 and 1.35 for farmer’s variety during 2018-19 and 2019-20 respectively A significant impact of the technology was found among the farmers chosen and as such the variety proved as best suited under climate resilient agriculture
K e y w o r d s
Flood, Stress
tolerant rice variety,
Submergence,
Ranjit sub-1
Accepted:
10 April 2020
Available Online:
10 May 2020
Article Info
Trang 2heavy rainfall can be seen The average
rainfall in this region is 2949 mm Lakhimpur
is called as district of rivers as there are
numbers of turbulent rivers and tributaries
spreading all over the district Due to this
reason, during seasons of heavy rainfall the
nearby places are adversely affected It may
be noted that sali season mainly coincides
with the time of heavy rainfall in the district,
i.e May/June-July/August due to which rice
crop suffers badly and there occurs great
reduction in yield
Materials and Methods
Since Lakhimpur district experiences heavy
rainfall particularly in the time of crop
establishment, the farmers in this region
suffer adversely Keeping this in view, an
effort was made to introduce stress tolerant
rice variety (STRV) Ranjit sub-1 developed
by Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat in
few flood affected pockets of Lakhimpur
district This variety is a long duration variety
(150-155 days) and has the potency to survive
in flood upto 15 days (2 weeks) from the date
of sowing The rice varieties traditionally
used by farmers in the district could not
withstand long flooding situation and after
5-6 days it eventually die leading to heavy yield
loss In some pockets of the district where
flood water appeared for only 2-3 days
comparison of yield and yield attributing
characters of STRV was done with farmer’s
own variety The demonstrations were
conducted in 17.17 ha of area covering 94
numbers of farmers and 55.45 ha area
covering 214 numbers of farmers with a view
to analyse the potentiality and feasibility of
the STRV during sali season of 2018 and
2019 respectively All inputs including seeds,
fertilizers, pesticides, biopesticides,
weedicides etc have been provided to the
transplanting was followed whereas in farmer’s variety plot random transplanting
was done For the study, different data viz.,
plant height (cm), tiller per hill, panicle length (cm), grains per panicle and grain yield (kg/ha) were collected from different demonstrations for two years The average of data of the demonstrated varieties and farmer’s variety has been studied and comparison was made between the two Data
on crop yield were recorded per five square meter and collected randomly from 3-4 places both for demonstrated and farmer’s variety The technology gap, extension gap and
technology index (Samui et al., 2000) were
calculated using the formulae give below-
Technology gap=Potential yield-Demonstration yield
Extension gap= Demonstration yield-farmer’s practice yield
Technology index (%) = Potential yield X 100
Results and Discussion
Lakhimpur district is encompassed by Siang and Papumpare District of Arunachal Pradesh
in the North and Dhemaji District and in the East The Subansiri and Ranganadi river controls the main drainage system in the district The district experiences a warm humid climate with an average annual rainfall
of 2949 mm with 125 rainy days (Sarmah et al., 2013) The district receives south west
monsoon rainfall from the month of April and continues up to September The district also experiences substantial amount of pre-monsoon rainfall during the month of March
to May The high intensity rainfall leads to occurrence of flood in the district (Table 1) Since Lakhimpur district experiences heavy
Trang 3From the study of two years of
demonstrations, it has been found that the
pockets chosen for demonstration of STRV in
the district have been affected more or less by
flood It has been found out that the
demonstrated variety Ranjit sub-1 can survive
upto 2 weeks (15 days approx.) under flooded
condition whereas the other varieties
cultivated by farmers showed survival upto
maximum 5-6 days from the day of stagnation
by flood water Also, study showed that the
STRV can regain their health from the day of
recession of flood water whereas the farmer’s
variety failed to do so after 5-6 days of
recession of flood water in the field and
eventually die which leads to a huge yield
loss From the study it was found that average
plant height (cm), tiller per hill, panicle length
(cm), grains per panicle and grains yield
(kg/ha) of Ranjit sub-1 was 122 cm, 20, 24
cm, 236 and 5343 kg/ha respectively for the
season 2018-19 whereas during sali season of
2019-20 it was 119 cm, 18, 21 cm, 221 and
5250 kg/ha respectively During 2018-19,
average plant height (cm), tiller per hill,
panicle length (cm), grains per panicle and
grains yield (kg/ha) of farmer’s variety (Var
Masuri) were 90 cm, 9, 19 cm, 160 and 3460
kg/ha respectively whereas 87 cm, 8, 17 cm,
154 and 3340 kg/ha respectively for the year 2019-20 Thus, it is quite clear from the data presented in the Table 2 that Ranjit sub-1 showed better yield performance than farmer’s variety in all attributes
It is evident from the Table 3 that technology gap of 1157 kg/ha was obtained during
2018-19 whereas it was 1250 kg/ha during 202018-19-20 The technology gap observed may be due to difference in soil fertility and agricultural practices and can be overcome by adopting
good management practices (Singh et al.,
2018) Also, from the table it can be seen that
an extension gap of 1883 kg/ha was obtained during 2018-19 and 1910 kg/ha for the year 2019-20 This extension gap necessitates the need to bring awareness among the farmers for adoption of improved submergence
tolerant rice varieties (Singh et al., 2018)
Thus, it can be concluded that a technology index of 17.8% and 19.23% was found for the year 2018-19 and 2019-20 respectively Technology index is a measure of feasibility
of the improved technology in the field Lower the value of technology index, more is the feasibility of the technology demonstrated (Chauhan, 2011)
Table.1 Rainfall characteristics during kharif in Lakhimpur district of Assam
Trang 4Table.2 Grain Yield Performances of Ranjit sub-1 And Farmer’s Variety (Masuri) during
2018-19 and 202018-19-20
Demonstrations
No of farmers
Area (ha)
Demo yield (kg/ha)
Farmers’
practice (kg/ha)
Yield increase (%)
Table.3 Impact assessment of Ranjit sub-1 on technology gap, extension gap and
technological index
Year Technology gap (kg/ha) Extension gap (kg/ha) Technology
index (%)
Table.4 Economic analysis of ranjit sub-1 and farmer’s variety
Cost of
cultivati
on (Rs/ha)
Gross return (Rs/ha)
Net return (Rs/ha)
B:C ratio
Cost of cultivation (Rs/ha)
Gross return (Rs/ha)
Net return (Rs/ha)
B:C ratio
2018-19 45650 72110 24460 1.58 30550 40250 9700 1.31 2019-20 45650 70250 24600 1.54 30550 41248 10698 1.35
Trang 6The findings presented in Table 4 shows that
the benefit cost ratio (B: C) in demonstrated
variety (1.58) was more than the farmers’
variety (1.31) for the year 2018-19 During
2019-20, the B: C ratio (1.54) was also found
to be more in case of demonstrated variety
then the farmer’s variety (1.35) Thus, it can
be concluded that farmer’s income was more
in demonstrated technology than their own
response with respect to adoption of the STRV in their areas
From the above study, it has been concluded that Ranjit sub-1 was able to withstand flood upto maximum 15 days whereas farmer’s variety failed to do so even after 5-6 days and finally die In conditions where flood water appeared for 2-3 days, yield for demonstrated
Trang 7tolerant rice variety like Ranjit sub-1 even
helped the farmers to increase their income
and thus acted as a boon for agriculture
Acknowledgement
The authors are very much grateful to the
Director of Research (Agri.), AAU, Jorhat,
Director of Extension Education, AAU, Jorhat
and Director, ICAR–ATARI, Guwahati for
extending financial and moral support for
executing all the technical programmes
successfully The authors also thank the
farmers who have worked tirelessly for
successful completion of all the
demonstrations of stress tolerant rice variety
Ranjit sub-1
References
Chauhan, N.M (2011) Impact and yield
fissure inspection of gram through
trainings and FLDs by KVK Tapi in
Gujarat Indian Journal of Agricultural Research and Extension 4: 12-15
Samui, S K., Maitra, S., Roy, D K., Mondal,
A K and Saha, D (2000) Evaluation
on front line demonstration on
groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Journal of Indian Society of Coastal Agricultural Research 18: 180–3
Sarmah, K., Rajbongshi, R., Neog, P and Maibangsha, M (2013) Rainfall probability analysis of Lakhimpur,
Assam Journal of Agrometeorology 15 (2): 247-250
Singh, R., Dogra, A., Sarkar, A., Saxena, A and Singh, B (2018) Technology gap, constraint analysis and improved production technologies for yield enhancement of barley (Hordeum vulgare) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum)
under arid conditions of Rajasthan
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How to cite this article:
Rupsikha Goswami, Mouchumi Dutta, Bhabesh Chandra Deka and Lakshi Kanta Nath 2020 Yield Performance and Popularization of Stress Tolerant Rice Variety (Ranjit Sub-1) In
Lakhimpur District of Assam, India Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci 9(05): 1421-1427
doi: https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2020.905.162