SỞ GD & ĐT HÀ GIANGTRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN KỲ THI THỬ THPT QUỐC GIA LẦN 1 NĂM HỌC: 2019 – 2020 MÔN: TIẾNG ANH Thời gian làm bài: 60 phút; không kể thời gian phát đề Mã đề thi: 406 Read the fo
Trang 1SỞ GD & ĐT HÀ GIANG
TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN
KỲ THI THỬ THPT QUỐC GIA LẦN 1
NĂM HỌC: 2019 – 2020 MÔN: TIẾNG ANH
Thời gian làm bài: 60 phút; không kể thời gian phát đề
Mã đề thi: 406
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 7.
The Effects of Desert Weather
A desert is a type of landscape that receives little precipitation Deserts are normally defined as areas that
receive annual precipitation of less than 250mm But some places such as Tucson, Arizona receive more
but are still called deserts That is because they have a much higher rate of evaporation
Many environmentalists argue that desert regions are increasing This process is called desertification Ithappens when useful soil is blown away by wind Then the temperature rises, and an area that was oncefertile becomes desert They say that this is due to global warming It is also due to overdevelopment.Both of these problems are major threats to humanity
True deserts have very spare vegetation These deserts exist in the most arid regions of Earth In theseplaces, rainfall is rare and infrequent Deserts have a reputation for supporting little life But this is nottrue Deserts have many animals that hide during daylight About one fifth of the Earth is covered indesert
Desert landscapes are often composed of sand and rocky surfaces Sand dunes and stony surfaces calledregs are often found in deserts Cold deserts have similar features but receive snow instead of rain.Antarctica is the largest cold desert The largest hot desert is the Sahara
Most deserts have an extreme temperature range The temperature is very low at night This is because the
air is so dry that it holds little heat The desert cools as soon as the sun sets Cloudless skies also increase
the release of heat at night
Sand covers only about 20% of Earth's deserts There are six forms of deserts One of the forms is a
mountain or a basin desert Hamada deserts are comprised of plateau landforms Regs consist of rock
pavements Ergs are formed by sand seas Intermontane basins occur at high elevations Finally, badlandsare arid regions comprised of clay-rich soil
(Source: How to master skills for the TOEFL reading)
Câu 1 (TH): Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED in the passage?
A The formation of deserts B Different types of deserts
C Human's life on deserts D The causes of desertification
Câu 2 (TH): Which of the following has the closest meaning to "precipitation" in the first paragraph?
Câu 3 (TH): According to the passage, what leads to the increase in desert area?
Trang 2A The increase in the Earth's temperature B The overpopulation in the whole world
C The higher speed of the wind D The development of human society
Câu 4 (TH): According to the passage, what is the major difference between cold deserts and hot deserts?
A There is less vegetation in cold desert than in hot desert
B Many more animals are living in hot desserts than they are in cold desert.
C While hot deserts sometimes get rainfall, cold deserts get snowfall
D The area of cold deserts is much larger than that of hot deserts
Câu 5 (NB): What does the word "it" in the fifth paragraph refer to?
A the desert B the sun C the temperature D the air
Câu 6 (TH): According to the author's description of deserts, all of the following are true
EXCEPT
A They receive much precipitation during the nighttime
B There is a small amount of vegetation in them
C They are often covered in sand and rocky surfaces
D There are six forms of them
Câu 7 (TH): Which of the following is the best definition of "regs", according to the passage?
A They are deserts which have a lot of mountains
B They are deserts of which surfaces are stony
C They are the driest deserts where clay is found
D They are deserts which comprise of sand dunes
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 8 to 15.
The interrelationship of science, technology, and industry is taken for granted today - summed up, notaltogether accurately, as "research and development." Yet historically this widespread faith in theeconomic virtues of science is a relatively recent phenomenon, dating back in the United States about 150years, and in the Western world as a whole not over 300 years at most Even in this current era of large
scale, intensive research and development, the interrelationships involved in this process are frequently
misunderstood Until the coming of the Industrial Revolution, science and technology evolved for themost part independently of each other Then as industrialization became increasingly complicated, thecraft techniques of preindustrial society gradually gave way to a technology based on the systematicapplication of scientific knowledge and scientific methods This changeover started slowly andprogressed unevenly Until late in the nineteenth century, only a few industries could use scientific
techniques or cared about using them The list expanded noticeably after 1870, but even then much of
what passed for the application of science was "engineering science" rather than basic science
Nevertheless, by the middle of the nineteenth century, the rapid expansion of scientific knowledge and of
public awareness - if not understanding - of it had created a belief that the advance of science would in
Trang 3some unspecified manner automatically generate economic benefits The widespread and usuallyuncritical acceptance of this thesis led in turn to the assumption that the application of science toindustrial purposes was a linear process, starting with fundamental science, then proceeding to appliedscience or technology, and through them to industrial use This is probably the most common pattern, but
it is not invariable New areas of science have been opened up and fundamental discoveries made as aresult of attempts to solve a specific technical or economic problem Conversely, scientists who mainly do
basic also serve as consultants on projects that apply research in practical ways.
In sum, the science-technology-industry relationship may flow in several different ways, and theparticular channel it will follow depends on the individual situation It may at times even bemultidirectional
Câu 8 (TH): What is the author's main purpose in the passage?
A To show how technology influenced basic science
B To describe the scientific base of nineteenth-century American industries
C To correct misunderstandings about the connections between science, technology, and industry
D To argue that basic science has no practical application
Câu 9 (TH): The word "intensive" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to
A decreased B concentrated C creative D advanced
Câu 10 (TH): The "list" mentioned in paragraph 1 refers to
A types of scientific knowledge B changes brought by technology
C industries that used scientific techniques D applications of engineering science
Câu 11 (TH): The understanding of research and development in the late nineteenth century is based on
which of the following beliefs?
A Engineering science is not very important
B Fundamental science naturally leads to economic benefits
C The relationship between research and development should be criticized
D Industrial needs should determine what areas fundamental science focuses on
Câu 12 (TH): The word "it" in paragraph 2 refers to _
Câu 13 (TH): The word "assumption" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _
Câu 14 (TH): Why does the author mention "consultants" in paragraph 2?
A To show how new areas of science have given rise to new professions
B To distinguish between scientists who work in industry and those who do not
C To explain the ways in which scientists find financial support for their work
D To show how scientists who work in basic research contribute to applied science
Trang 4Câu 15 (TH): Which of the following statements does the passage support?
A The development of science and of industry is now interdependent.
B Basic scientific research cannot generate practical applications
C Industries should spend less money on research and development
D Science and technology are becoming more separate
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
Câu 16 (TH): Grover Cleveland was the only American president served two nonconsecutive terms
Câu 17 (TH): Having written within only one hour, the song was recognized as the best single last year
A Having written B within C was recognized D the best single
Câu 18 (NB): The refrigerator was too heavy for me to move it by myself
A The refrigerator B too heavy C move it D by myself
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
Câu 19 (VD): Success in the academic field depends on your number of qualifications
A The success in the academic field leads to the higher quantity of qualifications you have
B The more qualifications you get, the more successful you are in the academic field
C The number of qualifications you get depends greatly on your academic success
D As long as you are highly academically qualified, you will be more and more successful
Câu 20 (TH): The last time he met his parents was one month ago
A He last met his parents since one month ago
B The last time he didn't meet his parents was one month ago
C It's one month since he hasn't met his parents
D He hasn't met his parents for one month
Câu 21 (VDC): “If you wanted to take my bike, you should have asked me first”, said Mike
A Mike criticized his brother for not having asked him before taking his bike.
B Mike begged his brother to ask him first before taking his bike
C Mike persuaded his brother to inform him about taking his bike
D Mike warned his brother against taking his bike without telling him about it
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
Câu 22 (VDC): The demand was so great They had to reprint the book immediately
A They demanded that the book be reprinted immediately
B So great was the demand that they had to reprint the book immediately
C The book would be reprinted immediately since the demand was great
Trang 5D They demanded to reprint the book immediately in great quantity
Câu 23 (VDC): The Australian government did try very hard to put out the fire However, it still spread
quickly
A However hard the Australian government tried, the fire still spread quickly
B Because the Australian government tried very hard, the fire was put out
C If the Australian government hadn't tried hard to put out the fire, it would have spread quickly
D The fire spread so quickly that the Australian government couldn't put it out
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Câu 24 (NB): A malaria B eradicate C character D spectacular
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Câu 27 (TH): A communicate B catastrophe C comfortable D economy Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Câu 28 (NB): They since eight o'clock
A are talking B have been talking C talked D talk
Câu 29 (NB): He said that he _ a lot of money on advertising to expand his business
Câu 30 (TH): Did you enroll for _ university you told me about last week?
Câu 31 (TH): _ Michelle tried hard, she didn't manage to win the competition
A No matter how B Even though C In spite of D Nevertheless
Câu 32 (NB): If she hadn't lost her job last year, she all of her debt
A can pay B will pay C could pay D could have paid
Câu 33 (TH): Venice is a beautiful city _ is visited by thousands of people each year
Câu 34 (VD): It is important that he smoking to have better health
A quits B will quit C is going to quit D quit
Câu 35 (TH): I don't like the hot weather Thirty degrees too warm for me
Câu 36 (VD): Jack _ that job but he didn't; he decided to run his own business
A must have taken B should have taken C could have taken D might have taken
Câu 37 (VD): I can't _ what he's doing; it's so dark down here
Trang 6A make out B see through C look into D show up
Câu 38 (VD): Voters are beginning to _ notice of him as a serious candidate
Câu 39 (VD): Many of the _ paintings were robbed from the museum last night
A valueless B worthless C unvaluable D invaluable
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Câu 40 (TH): Southeast Asia is a region of diverse cultures
Câu 41 (TH): Katie appeared infallible in math class because she had never gotten a problem wrong
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning
to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Câu 42 (TH): International Organizations are going to be in a temporary way in the country
A complicated B compulsory C permanent D good
Câu 43 (VD): I clearly remember talking to him by chance in a meeting last summer
A in an unplanned way B unintentionally
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best completes each
of the following exchanges.
Câu 44 (TH): Charles and Lisa are talking outside the cinema.
Charles: "Do you mind if I smoke?"
Lisa: “ ”
A Yes, I don't mind B No, I don't think so C No, go right ahead D Yes, go ahead
Câu 45 (TH): Laura and Maria are talking about the environment.
Laura: "I think it's high time we taught the children about protecting the nature."
Maria: “ _”
A I couldn't agree more B Don't bother
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 46 to 50.
Drought Drought is an (46) _ long spell of dry weather It is a time when there is not enough water (47)
_ farming, urban, or environment needs It usually refers to an extended period of below-normal
rainfall But it can be caused by anything that reduces the (48) _ of water circulation.
Trang 7Human cannot control the weather (49) _ the causes that lead to drought cannot be stopped The
most common causes are lack of water and hot temperatures Many scientists believe many recentdroughts happened because of global warming They claim that if we can reduce the damage done to the
ozone layer, there will be (50) _ droughts.
(Source: How to master skills for the TOEFL Reading)
Câu 46 (TH): A normally B abnormally C normal D abnormal
Câu 47 (NB): A support B to support C supporting D for supporting
LỜI GIẢI CHI TIẾT Câu 1: Đáp án C
Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu
Giải chi tiết:
Điều nào sau đây không được đề cập trong bài đọc?
A Sự hình thành sa mạc
B Các loại sa mạc khác nhau
C Cuộc sống của con người trên sa mạc
D Nguyên nhân sa mạc hóa
Thông tin: Deserts are normally defined as areas that receive annual precipitation of less than 250mm…
Many environmentalists argue that desert regions are increasing This process is called desertification…Then the temperature rises, and an area that was once fertile becomes desert They say that this is due toglobal warming… There are six forms of deserts
Tạm dịch: Các sa mạc thường được định nghĩa là các khu vực có lượng mưa hàng năm dưới 250mm…
Nhiều nhà môi trường học cho rằng các khu vực sa mạc đang tăng Quá trình này được gọi là sa mạchóa… Sau đó, nhiệt độ tăng lên và từ một khu vực từng màu mỡ trở thành sa mạc Họ nói rằng điều này
là do sự nóng lên toàn cầu… Có sáu dạng sa mạc
Các phương án A, B, D đều được đề cập đến
Câu 2: Đáp án C
Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu
Giải chi tiết:
Trang 8Từ nào có nghĩa gần nhất với từ “precipitation” trong đoạn đầu tiên?
precipitation (n): lượng mưa
Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu
Giải chi tiết:
Theo đoạn văn, điều gì dẫn đến việc gia tăng diện tích sa mạc?
A Sự gia tăng nhiệt độ của trái đất
B Dân số quá đông trên toàn thế giới
C Tốc độ cao hơn của gió
D Sự phát triển của xã hội loài người
Thông tin: Then the temperature rises, and an area that was once fertile becomes desert They say that
this is due to global warming
Tạm dịch: Sau đó, nhiệt độ tăng lên và từ một khu vực từng màu mỡ trở thành sa mạc Họ nói rằng điều
này là do sự nóng lên toàn cầu
Câu 4: Đáp án C
Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu
Giải chi tiết:
Theo đoạn văn, sự khác biệt chính giữa sa mạc lạnh và sa mạc nóng là gì?
A Có ít thảm thực vật ở sa mạc lạnh hơn ở sa mạc nóng
B Nhiều động vật đang sống trong sa mạc nóng hơn là ở sa mạc lạnh
C Sa mạc nóng đôi khi có mưa, trong khi sa mạc lạnh có tuyết rơi
D Diện tích sa mạc lạnh lớn hơn nhiều so với sa mạc nóng
Thông tin: Cold deserts have similar features but receive snow instead of rain.
Tạm dịch: Các sa mạc lạnh có các đặc điểm tương tự nhưng có tuyết rơi thay vì mưa.
Câu 5: Đáp án D
Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu
Giải chi tiết:
Từ “it” trong đoạn 5 thay thế cho?
A sa mạc
B mặt trời
Trang 9C nhiệt độ
D không khí
Thông tin: This is because the air is so dry that it holds little heat.
Tạm dịch: Điều này là do không khí quá khô nên nó giữ nhiệt ít.
Câu 6: Đáp án A
Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu
Giải chi tiết:
Theo mô tả của tác giả về các sa mạc, tất cả những điều sau đây là đúng NGOẠI TRỪ _
A Chúng nhận được nhiều mưa vào ban đêm
B Có một lượng nhỏ thảm thực vật trong đó
C Chúng thường được bao phủ trong bề mặt cát và đá
D Chúng có sáu dạng
Thông tin: In these places, rainfall is rare and infrequent.
Tạm dịch: Ở những nơi này, mưa rất hiếm và không thường xuyên.
Câu 7: Đáp án B
Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu
Giải chi tiết:
Theo bài đọc, định nghĩa nào sau đây là hợp lí nhất cho "regs"?
Giải chi tiết:
Mục đích chính của tác giả trong bài đọc là gì?
A Để cho thấy công nghệ ảnh hưởng đến khoa học cơ bản như thế nào
B Để mô tả cơ sở khoa học của các ngành công nghiệp Mỹ thế kỷ XIX
C Để sửa chữa những hiểu lầm về các kết nối giữa khoa học, công nghệ và công nghiệp
D Để tranh luận rằng khoa học cơ bản không có ứng dụng thực tế
Thông tin: The interrelationship of science, technology, and industry is taken for granted today - summed
up, not altogether accurately, as “research and development.”… In sum, the science-technology-industryrelationship may flow in several different ways, and the particular channel it will follow depends on theindividual situation
Trang 10Tạm dịch: Ngày nay sự hỗ trợ tương quan giữa các ngành khoa học, kỹ thuật, và công nghiệp được coi là
điều hiển nhiên, nói một cách tổng quát nhưng không đúng hoàn toàn, là sự "Nghiên cứu và Phát triển"…Tóm lại, mối quan hệ khoa học-công nghệ-công nghiệp có thể đi theo nhiều cách khác nhau và cách cụthể mà nó sẽ theo phụ thuộc vào tình huống cá nhân
Câu 9: Đáp án B
Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu
Giải chi tiết:
Từ “intensive” trong đoạn 1 đồng nghĩa với từ _.
intensive (adj): tập trung, chuyên sâu
A decreased (adj): giảm bớt
B concentrated (adj): tập trung
C creative (adj): sáng tạo
D advanced (adj): tiên tiến, tiến bộ
Thông tin: Even in this current era of large scale, intensive research and development, the
interrelationships involved in this process are frequently misunderstood
Tạm dịch: Ngay cả trong thời đại hiện ngày nay với các công trình chuyên sâu về nghiên cứu và phát
triển, sự hỗ trợ tương quan trong quá trình này thường bị hiểu sai
Câu 10: Đáp án C
Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu
Giải chi tiết:
Từ “list” được nhắc đến trong đoạn 1 ám chỉ .
A loại kiến thức khoa học
B thay đổi do công nghệ mang lại
C các ngành công nghiệp sử dụng các kỹ thuật khoa học
D các ứng dụng của khoa học kỹ thuật
Thông tin: Until late in the nineteenth century, only a few industries could use scientific techniques or cared about using them The list expanded noticeably after 1870, but even then much of what passed for
the application of science was "engineering science" rather than basic science
Tạm dịch: Cho đến cuối thế kỷ XIX, chỉ có một vài ngành công nghiệp có thể sử dụng các kỹ thuật khoa học hoặc quan tâm đến việc sử dụng chúng Đáng chú ý là danh sách được mở rộng sau năm 1870,
nhưng thậm chí sau đó phần lớn những gì được thông qua cho ứng dụng khoa học là "khoa học kỹ thuật"chứ không phải là khoa học cơ bản
Câu 11: Đáp án B
Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu
Giải chi tiết:
Sự hiểu biết về nghiên cứu và phát triển vào cuối thế kỷ XIX dựa trên giả định nào sau đây?