English for distance education (Giáo trình tiếng Anh dùng cho hệ đào tạo từ xa): Phần 2

Mời các bạn cùng tham khảo phần 2 giáo trình sau đây. Mỗi bài bao gồm các kỹ năng nghe, nói, đọc, viết với các chủ đề khác nhau, nhiều hình ảnh minh họa khá sinh động và kiến thức ngữ pháp cơ bản đi kèm hệ thống bài tập phù hợp. Trong phần ngữ pháp có câu hỏi cho học viên định hướng ôn tập (Grammar question). Các học viên phải được trang bị một số vốn tiếng Anh cơ bản trước khi bắt đầu chương trình này.

PRACTICE TEST1.Put the words in the right order to make a question

1 English/ you/ start/ did/ learning/ when?

2 tennis/ often/ play/ how/ does/ she?

3 do/ doing/ what/ at/ you/ like/ weekend/ the?

4 weekend/ do/ what/ you/ would/ to/ this/ like?

5 dictionnary/ why/ got/ you/ haven’t/ a?

6 much/ put/ my/ coffee/ sugar/ how/ did/ in/ you?

7 phoned/ doing/ John/ when/ what/ you/ were?

8 sandwiches/ make/ is/ who/ to/ going/ the?

9 radio/ listening/ does/ enjoy/ to/ mother/ the/ your?

10 live/ Anna/ where/ was/ child/ a/ did/ when/ the?

2 Look at the chart

Holiday last year Home to paris for 2 weeks 2 months in Scotland –

Where does Xavier come from?

He comes from France

1. They comes from Australia

2. They live in Melbourne

3. _ He’s 26

4 _ Yes, he does He has one younger brother

5 _

No, theyhaven’t got any

6 _ He’s a chef

7 _

He went home to Paris for two weeks

8 _ They stayed there for two months

9 _ They’re going to tour New Zealand

10. He’s going to drive to Morocco

3.Put the verb in bracket into the correct tense or verb form

Example

A Why did you go (go) to the seaside last weekend?

B Because we like sailing (sail)

A _you know Brian Bailey?

B Yes, I (meet) him two years ago while I (work) in Germany _he still (live) there?

A Yes, he does He (live) in Frankfurt He (have got) a good job there but

at the moment he _(work) in London He’s here for a few days and I’d like (invite) him and you for dinner Can you _(come)?

B Yes, I hope so I’d love (see) Brian again! When I was in Germany we _(see) each other quite often because his office is near the school where I (teach), so we sometimes (have) lunch together I always enjoyed _(talk) to him I wanted (write) to him but he moved and I _(not have) his new address

A Well What about dinner on Friday?

B That’s fine What time?

A Is 8 o’clock OK? I _(ring) Brian yesterday to check the day, and I _(ring) him again tomorrow to check the time

B Well, 8 o’clock is fine for me I (come) at about 8 and I _(bring) a bottle

of wine

A See you on Friday then!

4 Here are twenty verbs Ten are irregular and ten are regular Write the past tense form of irregular verbs only

5 Underline the uncount noun in the following pairs of words

Example

Cheese/ egg

Furniture/ desk

6 Complete the text with a, an, the or nothing

Example: I had -dinner with the Queen

My Aunt Vanessa is artist She lives in _beautiful old cottage by _sea and she paints small pictures of wild flowers and birds She doesn’t like leaving cottage, but once year she travels by train to London and has tea with me at _Savoy Hotel At the moment I’m a bit worried about her because she is in hospital, but I’m sure she’ll be better soon I’m going to visit her next week

7.Correct the mistake in each sentence

1 Is there any milk? I can’t see one

2 There’s some potatoes, but only a little

3 There’s much cars parked in the street

4 Have you got much unemployed people in your town?

5 Only a few people believes his story

6 How many homeworks do you have tonight?

7 There isn’t much rice and there isn’t any eggs

8 There was a little snow last winter but not many

9 How lovely! Anybody gave you some flowers

10 I went anywhere interesting for my holiday

8 Underline the one word in each group that is different

Example: castle cathedral cottage house (We can’t live in a cathedral)

9 hairdresser shopkeeper customer banker

10 tomorrow morning yesterday evening the day after tomorrow

in two weeks’ time

15 butcher’s greengrocer’s chemist’s baker’s

9 Match a line in A with a line in B

A bill Money Sorry

A joke Throat

A photograph

A promise

10 Complete the dialogues with the words from box

Worst latest more as (x2) funniest funnier than friendlier

Tastier like was what the most

1 A I started a new job today, working in an office

B Really? How did it go?

A It was OK I was a bit nervous

B What are the other people ?

A They are very nice They seem than the people in my old job, and the job is

much _interesting

B You worked in the shop before, didn’t you?

A Yes, working in an office is better _working in a shop I’ll tell you! That was the

_job I’ve ever had I hated it

2 C We went out for a meal to Luigi’s last night – you know, that new Italian restaurant

D Mm, I know What _it like?

C.It was _best Italian meal I’ve ever had, it wasn’t as expensive. Giovanni’s,so I think we’ll go there again

D Yes, Giovanni’s used to be the popular restaurant around here, but then it

started getting very expensive

C And the service isn’t _good as it used to be

D What did you have?

C Paul and I both ha veal, but mine was cooked in wine and herbs, and it

was _than Paul’s But he liked it

D It sounds great

3 E Have you read John Harrison’s book, Going Round the World?

F No ’s it like?

E I think it’s the book he’s written I laughed out loud all the way through

F I didn’t like The Truth and The Light, the one that came out last year

E Neither did I This one’s much

F Can I borrow it?

7 UNIT

Fame!

Past Simple & Present perfect

WARM-UP

What is the Past Simple and the past participle of these verbs?

write be sell win have read do eat know break

PRESENTATION 1 Past Simple

1 Look at the pictures Do you know him? Tell the class what you know about him

2 Make sentences about the man in the pictures with given information

For example: He was born on August 29, 1958

He worked as a singer-songwriter

Background information Birth name Michael Joseph Jackson

Born August 29, 1958

Gary, Indiana, U.S

Died June 25, 2009 (aged 50)

Los Angeles, California, U.S

Genres R&B, pop, rock, soul, dance, funk, disco, new jack swing

Occupations Singer-songwriter, record producer, composer, musician,

dancer, choreographer, actor, businessman, philanthropist

I

She/ He/ It

We/ You/ They

watched TV drank beer

do?

2 Use

The past simple is used to describe:

 Completed actions that took place at a definite time in the past The time is either

mentioned or implied

E.g Mary visited the British Museum when she was in London

 Permanent situations in the past

E.g John lived in Ireland for 15 years

 Completed actions that took place one after the other in the past (in story-telling

or narratives)

E.g Sue woke up, washed her face and had breakfast

 Past habits or repeated actions in the past; frequency adverbs (always, often, seldom, never, etc.) may also be used

E.g When Paul was younger, he often went fishing with his father

NOTE: How to form the regular past form of a verb

 We add -ed to most regular verbs: wait - waited

 If a verb ends in -e, add -d: use - used

 If a single vowel is followed by a single consonant double the final consonant:

stop -stopped

 We double the last consonant of two-syllable verbs when the second syllable is

stressed: prefer - preferred

 If the verb ends in -y and -y is preceded by a vowel, keep the -y: enjoy - enjoyed

 If the verb ends in y and y is preceded by a consonant, change y to i and add ed: study - studied, try - tried

- If the verbs end in -ic, change to -ick: picnic - picnicked

 If the verb ends in -ie, add -d: die - died

Time expressions: yesterday, then, ago, last month/ night/ week/ year, etc

PRACTICE

1 Put the verbs in brackets in Past Simple

Michael Joseph Jackson (August 29, 1958 – June 25, 2009) (be)………… an

American recording artist, dancer, singer-songwriter, musician, and philanthropist Referred to as the King of Pop, Jackson is recognized as the most successful entertainer of all time by Guinness World Records His contribution to music, dance, and fashion, along with a much-publicized personal life, (make)……… him a global figure in popular culture for over four decades He (begin)………… his solo career in

1971 Jackson (win)………… hundreds of awards, which have made him the awarded recording artists in the history of music Some of his other achievements include multiple Guinness World Records; 13 Grammy Awards (as well as the Grammy Legend Award and the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award); 26 American Music Awards (more than any other artist, including the "Artist of the Century"); 13 number-one singles in the United States in his solo career (more than any other male artist in the Hot

most-100 era) He (sell)……… over 750 million records worldwide Jackson's 1982

album Thriller is the best-selling album of all time He (donate)………… and

(raise)……… hundreds of millions of dollars for more than 39 charities He (die)

…… at the age of 50 in Los Angeles, California, U.S

2 Match the question words and answers

50

13 Los Angeles, California, U.S

3 Complete the questions using the past simple Ask and answer them with a partner

When did he begin his solo career?

In 1971

Grammar questions

1 To form the Past Simple of regular verbs, we add _to the infinitive

We can find the Past Simple of irregular verbs in

2 Distinguish the two following sentences:

Many people in the world love Jackson

Jackson won a lot of wards

Which tense is used in the second sentence? Why?

PRESENTATION 2 Present perfect

1 Look at the countries and tick (V) those you have visited at some time in your life

2 Read and practice with a partner the conversation

A Have you ever been to Nha trang?

GRAMMAR REVIEW: THE PRESENT PERFECT

1 Form: have/ has + Past participle

Positive

I/ We/ You/ They have learnt English for 5 years

Negative

I/ We/ You/ They have not learnt English for 5 years

Question

Yes/ No question

Have I/ We/ You/ They learnt English for 5 years?

Has She/ He/ It

Short answer

Yes, he has

Lan’s been to Hue

She went there last year

But she hasn’t been to Nha trang

No, they haven’t

Wh- question

How long Have I/ We/ You/ They learnt English ?

Has She/ He/ It

2 Use

The present perfect simple is used:

 for actions which started in the past and continue up to present or have just

finished, e.g.: I have learned history for three years

 for past actions whose time is not stated and whose results are connected to the

present, e.g.: He has travelled to many countries in the world

 with adjectives in the superlative degree or expressions like: the only, the first,

second etc., e.g.:

This is the most expensive suit I've ever bought

This is the third time Jack has visited the USA

Time expressions: for, since, already, just, yet, never, ever, recently, lately,……

PRACTICE Past participles

1 Here are the past participles of some verbs Write the infinitive

eaten _ made _ given _

seen _ taken _ won _

met _ driven _ had _

drunk _ cooked _ stayed _

flown _ bought _ done _

2 Which are the two regular verbs?

3 What are the Past Simple forms of the verbs?

4 Tick (V) the correct sentence

1 I saw John yesterday

I’ve seen John yesterday

2 Did you ever ate Chinese food?

Have you ever eaten Chinese food?

3 Donna won $5,000 last month

Donna has won $5,000 last month

4 I’ve never drank champagne

I’ve never drunk champagne

5 Tom has ever been to Canada

Tom has never been to Canada

6 Has your sister yet had the baby? Has your sister had the baby yet?

7 I haven’t finished my homework yet I’ve finished my homework yet

8 Did she just bought a new car?

Did she just buy a new car?

5 Complete the following sentences

Been or gone

1 Have you ever _ to Thailand?

2 A: Hello Is Monica there?

B: No, she isn't She's _ out

3 It's time to party My parents have _ away for the weekend

4 Blast! I've _ and left my gloves in the library

Just or yet

1 Have you had breakfast _?

2 I’ve _bought a new laptop

3 They’ve _come back from a long holiday

4 We haven’t done our homework _

Never or ever

1.Have you _ lived in a foreign country?

2 I’ve _ seen that film

3 Peter has _ been to Vietnam twice

4 We haven’t _met each other before

5 Lan and Hoa have gone abroad

For or since

last week the last week

_I was a child _ 5 years

_half an hour months

GRAMMAR QUESTIONS

1 What is the difference between the following sentences?

Lady Gaga won the award for Best New Artist in 2009

Lady Gaga has won many awards

2 When do we use for? When do we use since?

3 When do we use been? When do we use gone?

4 Complete the conversation What tenses are the three questions?

Listen and put the verb you hear in the Present Perfect or Past Simple

1.Anthony Trollope ……….to South Africa, Australia, Egypt, and the West Indies Joanna Trollope ………… to many parts of the world

2 She ………… many awards, and several of her stories ………… on TV

3 Her first book ……… in 1980 Since then, she ………… more than 5 million copies

4 She ……… to school in the south of England and ………… English at Oxford

University, but she has lived in the country most of her life

5 She ………… her books by hand She ………… the same pen since 1995

READING

Do you know any famous singers in the word?/ in Vietnam? What do you know about them? Which singer do you admire the most? Do you know anything about Lady Gaga?

Read the text about Lady Gaga

Gaga wearing a plastic bubble dress while performing on The Fame Ball Tour

Lady Gaga is one of the most singers all over the world, known as a pop and dance singer She has a big influence on the trend of music nowadays Her full name is Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta She was born on March 28, 1986 in New York City, United States

After enrolling at New York University's Tisch School of the Arts in 2003, she performed the first time in New York stage Then, she signed with Streamline Records During her early time at Interscope, she worked as a songwriter for other famous artists and then she was very fast attended by Akon who recognized her vocal abilities After passing many times checked about vocal music, she signed the first contract with Kon Live Distribution – a quite big record company

In 2008, she released her first electronic album “The Fame” which made her achieve a lot of success The album reached number one on the record charts of six countries, topped the Billboard Dance/Electronic Albums chart while simultaneously peaking at number two on the Billboard 200 chart in the United States and accomplished

positions within the top ten worldwide With this first album, she got two Grammy

awards In the early 2009, she started her first concert tour “The flame ball tour” Then she released the second version of “the Flame” was The Fame Monster She still got

much success from this

Lady Gaga is the inspiration for many other artist She said that fashion is inspiration for her composing and performing career Up to now, her two albums have

Lady Gaga - Best New

Artist

been sold over 18 million copies and 52 million single disks On May, 2008, she was

elected by the Forbes magazine was one of 100 artists most famous all over the world She has worked as a singer for over 2 years Many famous pop singers affected on her

music style as Michael Jackson and Madona and rock singers as David Bowie and Queen Besides music, Lady Gaga is famous for her strange fashion style Although she has only started her career for a really short time, she has got 5 Grammy awards, and twelve recommends for Guinness award

1 Read the text again to decide if each sentence is true (T) or false (F)

a Lady Gaga is an American singer

b She is very well-known

c Michael Jackson recognized her vocal abilities

d With “The Fame”, she got five Grammy awards

e She has started her career for a long time

f She has 12 recommends for Guinness award

2 Answer the following questions

1 When and where was Lady Gaga born?

2 When did she first perform?

3 What did she learn at New York University's Tisch School?

4 Is she also famous for her fashion style?

5 Did Madonna affect on her music style?

6 How long has she worked as a singer?

3 Tell the class the special things about Lady Gaga

VOCABULARY

Past Simple and past participle forms of verbs

1 Fill in the chart with correct form of the given verbs

Infinitive Past Simple Past participle

Dreamed

Had

Known _

2 Tick (V) the best answer A, B, or C

1 Jaycee ……… the game on time last week

A begin B began C begun

2 Let's ………the game on time

A begin B began C begun

3 Jaycee has ……….all his games on time for the last year

A begin B began C begun

4 Jaycee has ……… several soccer

A buy B bought C buyed

5 Jaycee……….a new soccer ball last week

A buy B bought C buyed

6 The coach will ……….our new equipment this season balls this season

A buy B bought C buyed

7 We have to ……….a side of the field to play on

A choose B chose C chosen

8 Jaycee has ………the best side of the field

A choose B chose C chosen

9 Jaycee ………the shady side of the field earlier today

A choose B chose C chosen

WRITING

1 Rewrite the following sentences using the given words

1 The last time it rained was a fortnight ago It ………….………

2 He could earn a living in a big city He ………

3 It’s over twenty years since we got married We………

4 This is the worst coffee I have ever drunk This is ………

5 My friend's mother has been working with foreigners for a long time My friend's mother started ………

6 It’s years since we last traveled abroad We haven’t …………

7 I haven’t watched TV for a week The last ………

8 We bought this house 2 years ago We have………

9 We have never met him before It’s the………

10 It started to rain at 2 pm It has ………

2 Write Present Perfect questions for these answers

1 No, I've never been to Brazil But I'd like to go

2 Yes, I saw an elephant when I was on holiday in Thailand

3 No, but I'd love to win some money one day!

3 Write the biography of a famous person (about 150 words)

CHECK IT

1 Make sentences in the Present Perfect

1 You / do / homework? Have you done your homework?

2 You / see / Sarah?

3 You / make / decision / yet?

4 Ho w long / kno w / Ja mie?

5 She / be / Sweden / twice

6 Their plane / ju st / land

7 Where / you / be?

8 Wh a t / do / your ha ir?

2 Use the Present Perfect and the words in brackets to describe these

situations

1 He's carrying a suitcase (He / be I on I holiday)

He's been on holiday

2 His plate is empty (He / eat / everything)

3 She can't find her bag (She / lose / bag)

4 Her leg is in plaster (She / broke / leg)

5 The final score is 3—1 to our team (Our / team / win / match)

6 I haven't got any more money (I / spend / all / my / money)

3 Find and correct a mistake in each sentence

1 I am here since last week

2 Kevin had his new job for nine months He loves it

3 I lived here for ten years but I'm going to move soon

4 Bridgit knows Philip for a year and a half

5 We have been to China in 2005

6 How long do you have your dog?

7 They have known each other since three days

8 She's had a sore throat for this morning

9 Jane was a vet for thirty years and she still enjoys it 10 How long do you live in this city?

4 Choose the best answer

1 Did you ever hear/Have you ever heard of an actor called Sylvia Halliwell?

2 1 never went/I've never been to Zimbabwe

3 He never met/He's never met his father He died before he was born

4 Did you talk/Have you talked to Maggie yesterday?

5 I've never heard/I never heard this music before

6 Have you seen/Did you see the news last night?

7 1 never won/I've never won a competition in my life

8 Did you ever dream/Have you ever dreamt that you could fly?

5 Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses

3 My best friend and I (know) ……… each other for over fifteen years We still

4 Stinson is a fantastic writer He (write) ……… ten very creative short stories in

5 I (have, not) ……… this much fun since I (be) ……… a kid

6 Things (change) ……… a great deal at Coltech, Inc When we first (start)

……… working here three years ago, the company (have, only)

……… six employees Since then, we (expand) ……… to include more

7 I (tell) ……… him to stay on the path while he was hiking, but he (wander) off

into the forest and (be) ……… bitten by a snake

8 Listen Donna, I don't care if you (miss) ……… the bus this morning You (be)

9 Sam is from Colorado, which is hundreds of miles from the coast, so he (see, never)

10 How sad! George (dream) ……… of going to California before he died, but he

8 UNIT

What’s true for you? Make sentences about your life

I have to… …… I don’t have to…………

PRESENTATION 1 Have (got) to

1 Read the conversation of Tristan (T) and his friend, Robert (R) What do you think

Tristan’s job is? Does he work in the town or the country? Does he like his job?

R: What hours do you work, Tristan?

T: It depends I sometimes have to work at night but I usually work about eight to ten hours a day It’s hard to be exact

R: How often do you work at night?

T: Well, I have to be on call two nights a week

R: And do you have to work at weekends?

T: I don’t often have to work at weekends In this job you have to work very unsocial hours You never know if there will be an emergency

R: I hear the training’s quite hard

T: Oh yes, I had to study for five years at Liverpool University but I didn’t have to spend much time to find a job

R: Are you well-paid?

T: It’s not too bad! When I have my own practice, it’ll be better

R: And what are the secrets of being good at your job?

T: Well, obviously you have to love working with animals, but also you have to be sensitive to their owners – pets are important to people and sometimes you have to give bad news When I save an animal’s life, that’s fantastic, no matter what time of night it is R: What are your plans for the future?

T: Well, as I said, eventually, I’d like to have my own practice to get much more money

2 Complete the lines from Tristan's conversation with words from the box

have to don't often have to Do you have to had to

5 I ………….study for five years at Liverpool University

3 Talk about Tristan Change the sentences in exercise 2 using he

Ex: He sometimes has to work at night

GRAMMAR REVIEW: HAVE TO

Form has/ have to + infinitive

Positive

Negative

I/ We/ You/ They don’t have to work hard

Interrogative

Do I/ We/ You/ They have to work hard?

Does He/ She/ It

No, I/ We/ You/ They don’t

He/ She/ It doesn’t

Note

The past tense of have to is had to in the positive and did and didn’t in the interrogative

and the negative

I had to get up early in the morning

She didn’t have to do the housework

Did you have to work last weekend?

Use

1 Have to express strong obligation The obligation comes from “outside”- perhaps

a law, a rule at school or work, or someone in authority

Ex: You have to have a driving license if you want to drive a car (That’s the law)

I have to start work at 8.00 (My company says I must)

The doctor says I have to do more exercise

2 Don’t/ Doesn’t have to expresses absence of obligation.( it isn’t necessary)

Ex: You don’t have to do the washing-up I’ve got a dishwasher

She doesn’t have to work on Monday It’s her day off

Note

Have got to expresses an obligation on one particular occasion

Ex: I’m going to bed I’ve got to get up early tomorrow

She’s got to work hard Her exams start next week

To express obligation as a habit, we use have to, not have got to

Ex: I have to write two essays a week

Do you have to wear a uniform?

Have got to is characteristic of very informal speech Have to sounds slightly more formal.

PRACTICE

1 Work with a partner Choose a job from the box, but don't tell your partner Ask

and answer Yes/No questions to find out what the job is

architect taxi-driver dentist farmer lawyer nanny photographer

accountant optician mechanic soldier hairdresser chef politician nurse housewife plumber

Use these questions to help you

• work inside

• earn a lot of money

• work with people

• use a computer

• wear a uniform

• work unsocial hours

• use your hands

• get up early

• speak English

• study at college

• do a lot of training Yes, I/ We/ You/ They do

He/ She/ It does

Do you have to wear a uniform?

2 Which of the jobs wouldn't you like to do? Why?

I wouldn't like to be, a farmer because they have to work outside all year

3 In groups, discuss the questions If you live at home with your parents, use the present tense If you've left home, use the past tense

1 What do/did you have to do to help in the house? What about your brothers and sisters?

2 Can/Could you stay out as long as you want/wanted? Or do/did you have to be

home by a certain time?

3 Do/Did you always have to tell your parents where you are/were going?

4 What other rules are/were there in your family?

4 Chose have to / has to or don't have to / doesn't have to

1 Every man ……… do military service in my country It's

obligatory

2 When do we ……… pay for the next term?

3 Policemen ………wear a uniform

4 A pilot ……… train for many years

5 Does Susan ………work long hours?

6 I ……… get up early on Sundays I can stay in bed

7 You ……….have a visa to come to Ukraine

8 You ………to do it if you don't want to

9 My daughter ……….to cook, because I cook for the whole family

10 We ……… pay It's free

5 Put the words in the correct order to make positives, negatives and questions with have to / have got to and don't have to / haven't got to

1 but/ now./ I've/ to/ leave/ got/ Sorry,/

2 A/ get/ has/ to/ up/ early./ postman/

3 calls./ of/ have/ phone/ lots/ answer/ to/ I/

4 on/ diet./ says/ she/ a/ The/ go/ doctor/ has/ to/

5 I/ hate/ get/ to/ up/ early./ having/

6 have/ home?/ go/ do/ When/ to/ you/

7 there/ got/ six./ by/ to /I've/ be/

8 be/ a/ mistake./ This/ to/ has/

9 to/ mad/ be/ work/ to/ You/ have/ here./

10 fault./ have/ say/ to/ I/ was/ my/ it/

GRAMMAR QUESTIONS

1 What are the different pronunciations of have/has/had in the following sentences?

1 I have a good job

I have to work hard •'.'

2 He has a nice car

She has to get up early

3 I had a good time

I had to take exams

2 Complete the rules

1 ………expresses an obligation on one particular occasion and

……… express obligation as a habit

2 ……….is used in very informal speech and ……… sounds slightly more formal

PRESENTATION 2 Should/ must

1 Read the problems from a magazine problem page Match the problems and advice What other advice would you give?

Problems

1 My ex-boyfriend is going to my best friend's wedding He was horrible to me Should I

go?

2 There's a group of bullies at school They're making my life miserable.

3 I've fallen in love with my boss Should I tell him?

4 I'm 16 I chat to a boy on the Internet He wants to meet me Should I go?

Advice

a No, you shouldn't It will only cause problems at work

b Of course you should But look happy and wear a fantastic dress!

c I don't think you should You have no idea what he's really like

d You must tell your parents and your head teacher about this

2 Here is some more advice for the problems in exercise 1 Complete the

sentences using the words in the box

shouldn't should must don't think you should

1 I think you show your ex that you're fine without him

2 If you do go to meet him, you _take a friend with you This is

really important

3 You let these cowards ruin your life

4 I _have relationships with people you work with

3 Work in groups Read aloud the problems and give advice

 I can't sleep at night

 You must take more exercise

 You shouldn't drink too much

 I think I've twisted my ankle

 I've got exams next week, and I'm really nervous

 I like my job, but I don't like the people I work with

 My computer's behaving very strangely

 I argue a lot with my parents

 My car's making a funny noise

PRACTICE

1 Match a line in A with a line in B to make correct dialogues

A

1 I haven’t been paid my overtime

2 I’m putting on weight

3 David hasn’t turned the films I lent

him

4 The new CD I bought is scratched

B

a You should take it back to the shop

b You should ask him to give them back

c You shouldn’t lend it to him

d You shouldn’t spend so much time in front of the computer

You must take more exercise You shouldn’t drink too much coffee

5 I have a very terrible headache

6 My eyes are very tired

7 My son has crashed my car again

8 Mary’s off sick again

e You should talk to Sally in the Payroll department

f You should take some aspirin

g You should go to see her

h You shouldn’t eat so much bread

2 Choose should or shouldn't

1 You ………… be so selfish

2 I don't think you ………smoke so much

3 You ………exercise more

4 I think you ………try to speak to her

5 You are overweight You ………go on a diet

6 Where ………we park our car?

7 You ……….never speak to your mother like this

8 The kids ………spend so much time in front of the TV

9 ……… I tell her the truth or should I say nothing?

10 I think we ………reserve our holiday in advance

3 Work in groups Complete the sentences with must or should.

When you're driving ,

1 you ………….stop at red lights

2 you……… be kind to other drivers

3 you ……… wear a seat belt

4 On a long journey, you ……… have a rest from time to time

5 In Britain, you……… drive on the left

GRAMMAR QUESTIONS

1 Look at the sentences

You should go to the wedding You must see a doctor

Which expresses strong obligation (it's really necessary)?

Which expresses a suggestion (I think it's a good idea)?

2 Should and must are modal verbs

Should I go? You shouldn't see him He must be careful

Do we use do/does in the question and negative?

Do we add -s with he/ she/ it ?

PRESENTATION 3 Used to

The song ‘Used To’ - Daughtry

You used to talk to me like

I was the only one around

You used to lean on me like

The only other choice was falling down

You used to walk with me like

We had nowhere we needed to go,

Nice and slow, to no place in particular

We used to have this figured out;

We used to breathe without a doubt

When nights were clear, you were the first star that I'd see

We used to have this under control

We never thought

We used to know

At least there's you, and at least there's me

Can we get this back?

Can we get this back to how it used to be?

I used to reach for you when

I got lost along the way

I used to listen

You always had just the right thing to say

I used to follow you

Never really cared where we would go,

Fast or slow, to anywhere at all

We used to have this figured out;

We used to breathe without a doubt

When nights were clear, you were the first star that I'd see

We used to have this under control

We never thought

We used to know

At least there's you, and at least there's me

Can we get this back?

Can we get this back to how it used to be?

I look around me,

And I want you to be there

'Cause I miss the things that we shared

Look around you

It's empty, and you're sad

'Cause you miss the love that we had

You used to talk to me like

I was the only one around,

The only one around

We used to have this figured out;

We used to breathe without a doubt

When nights were clear, you were the first star that I'd see

We used to have this under control

We never thought

We used to know

At least there's you, and at least there's me

Can we get this back?

Can we get this back to how it used to be? Yeah

To how it used to be

To how it used to be, yeah

To how it used to be

1 Read the song and answer the following questions

1 What did the man (I) in the song use to do?

2 What did the girl (you) in the song use to do?

3 What did both of them use to do?

4 Did you use to love? Did you use to have the love like that?

2 Tell about you using ‘used to’

For example: When I was a little child, I used to go to the zoo with my father

I/ We/ You/ They

Ex: I used to smoke a packet a day but I stopped two years ago

Ben used to travel a lot in his job but now, since his promotion, he doesn't

I used to drive to work but now I take the bus

2 We also use it for something that was true but no longer is

Ex: There used to be a cinema in the town but now there isn't

She used to have really long hair but she's had it all cut off

I didn't use to like him but now I do

Note

'Used to do' is different from 'to be used to doing' and 'to get used to doing'

- We use 'to be used to doing' to say that something is normal, not unusual

Ex: I'm used to living on my own I've done it for quite a long time

Hans has lived in England for over a year so he is used to driving on the left now

They've always lived in hot countries so they aren't used to the cold weather here

- We use 'to get used to doing' to talk about the process of something becoming normal for us

Ex: I didn't understand the accent when I first moved here but I quickly got used to it She has started working nights and is still getting used to sleeping during the day

I have always lived in the country but now I'm beginning to get used to living in the city

PRACTICE

1 Match a line in A with a line in B to make correct sentences

Yes, I/ We/ You/ They

He/ She/ It

did

A

1 I used to eat a lot of chocolate but

2 Paul used to work in London but

3 David used to take the train to work

but

4 When I was younger, I didn’t use to

eat cheese but

5 When I lived in the city,

6 They used to go to a very traditional

school

7 I used to really enjoy his company but

8 Mary used to play the piano but

9 We used to go to the beach for our

holidays but

10 He used to have a motorbike but

B

a now I eat a lot

b I often used to go to the theatre

c now he drives very boring family car

d now I find him a bit boring

e when we were children

f now she plays the guitar

g now I’m on a diet

h now he drives

i where they wore a uniform

j now he works in Sheffield

2 Complete the article with verbs from the box, using used to or past simple If both are

possible, use used to

get up have to live look play take watch wear

Living in the Past

Tonight the popular TV show Living in the Past returns to our screens with the

Winlensdale family, who will be ‘living’ in the 16th century for a month How will they survive life in the past? Perhaps the Hatters can give them some tips

In the last series, the Hatter family (0) lived for a month exactly like families used

to do in 1900 This is what they said about their experience

Mrs Hatter (aged 45): It was terribly hard work All month, I (1) ……… before

everyone else to light the fire and heat the water In 1900 people (2) ……… all their clothes by hand, which took at least a whole day The first time I tried, it (3)

……… me three days!

Mr Hatter (aged 47): I (4) ……… wear old-fashioned clothes all the time like the

ones they (5) ……… in 1900 I (6) ……… really odd and people stared at

me on the bus when I went to work!

Mark Hatter (aged 14): Before I went on the program, I (7) ……… lost of TV but

they didn’t even have electricity in 1900 People (8) ……… card games or read

by oil lamp, so that’s what we did too It was fun, actually!

GRAMMAR QUESTIONS

Read the examples and complete the rules about the past

I finished my essay last night

Did everybody use to eat like that?

Little boys used to wear dresses

They didn’t have washing machines or vacuum cleaners

1 We used past simple for single events that are finished / still going on

2 We use used to for a past habit / single event that no longer exists

3 Used to is followed by past simple / the infinitive

Financial Stresses

Besides paying tuition, room and board, and books, college students often face a

multitude of smaller expenses that add up quick Helping your student financially can help them to focus on their studies rather than stressing about finances and where their next meal will come from!

Health Care Services

Make sure your student knows where the nearest health center is located when they arrive on campus—it’s important to know this before they get sick or need help Knowing the location is just the first step: Encourage them to learn about the service fees the heath center charges, as well as the services offered

Cell Phone Coverage

Check beforehand to make sure that your student’s wireless phone will work on their campus If their phone won’t work (or if they don’t have a phone), you should look for

student discounts provided through the school or local companies Special student rate plans can definitely help your student’s budget

Roommate Basics

Know that conflicts are likely when your student moves away from home to share a small living space with one or more new people Conflict is natural, so your student and their roommate should be prepared with ways of resolving problems Encourage your student

to talk through their problems with their roommate to find a resolution Resident

assistants and other staff members can also assist with conflicts as needed If conflicts cannot be resolved, you student should seek a room change, though that request will depend on available space

The Dorm Room

You should check with the school to find what items are included in your student’s dorm room All dorm rooms will have at least a bed and a desk for each student, plus a closet and sometimes a dresser/chest of drawers Students are responsible for cleaning and decorating their rooms If your student is able to talk with their roommate before the school year starts, they should coordinate what items each of them will bring to furnish the room

1 Read the text again to decide if each sentence is true (T) or false (F)

1 If conflicts cannot be resolved, you student can find a room change immediately

2 In a dorm room, there is always a dresser/chest of drawers

3 The new students often have quarrels with each other

4 When the students get sick, they should go to the nearest health center

5 Each student should have their own items to furnish the room

2 Read the text again and answer the following questions

1 Why should you help your student financially?

2 Is conflict natural between roommates?

3 What are often there in a dorm room?

4 Is it important to know where the nearest health center is?

5 What do the student often have to pay for?

3 What are your 10 things to advise the first-year college students?

LISTENING

You will hear a conversation between Manuel, a student from Chile, and a doctor Answer the questions below

1.What are Manuel’s symptoms?

2 What questions does doctors ask?

3 What does the doctor think is the matter with manuel?

4 What does she prescribe?

5 What advice does she give him?

6 Does he pay for anything?

WRITING

I Rewrite the sentences Use a form of have to

1 It’s necessary for the children to wear a uniform

The children ………a uniform

2 I can stay in bed until late tomorrow

I ………get up early tomorrow

3 why is it necessary for you to go to the office?

Why……… the office?

4 Must you leave so soon?

……… so soon?

5 I needed to make a phone call

I ……… a phone call

6 It wasn’t necessary for us to work on Sunday

We ……….on Sunday

2 Rewrite the sentences using a model verb from the box

can can't could must mustn't will should

shouldn't

1 I’d like the salt, please

…………you pass me the salt, please?

2 I don’t think it’s a good idea for you to stay

You……… stay

3 It is certain to rain this afternoon

It ………rain this afternoon

4 Do you know how to drive?

………you drive?

5 Do not leave luggage here It isn’t allowed

You………leave luggage here

6 It’s very important that you stop smoking

You ……… stop smoking

7 Janet doesn’t know how to play an instrument

Janet ……… play an instrument

8 I think it would be a good idea to apologize

You ………apologize

3 Write a paragraph (about 150 words) about your favorite job

CHECK IT

1 Correct the sentences

1 Do you can drive a car?

1 I’m afraid we must to go now

2 She cans sing very well

3 She musts go to the dentist this afternoon

4 you don’t should drink and drive

5 It won’t raining tomorrow

6 Could you to help me?

7 I don’t would like to be a policeman

2 Choose the correct option

1 You should / have to show your passport at the airport

2 I don’t think you should / mustn’t read that book It isn’t very good

3 If you want to learn English, you must / should get an English pen friend

4 I think we should / must take some flowers when we go to Sue’s for dinner

5 We mustn’t / don’t have to forget Robert’s birthday tomorrow

6 I must / should pay my taxes soon I don’t want to go to prison

7 She’s very rich, so she doesn’t have to / mustn’t work

8 You mustn’t / shouldn’t smoke in here It isn’t allowed

3 Choose the best answer A, B or C

1 You drink tap water It's not safe

A shouldn't B can't C don't have to

2 I think people who live in apartments have dogs

A mustn't B should C shouldn't

3 My girlfriend's allergic to dairy products so she eat anything made from milk

A doesn't have to B has to C can't

4 You remember to finish the monthly report The boss will be furious if you forget

A should B must C shouldn't

5 The Botero exhibition was free so we pay anything

A shouldn't to B hadn't to C didn't have to

6 Smoking is prohibited in public places

A You shouldn't smoke in public places

B You're not allowed to smoke in public places

C You don't have to smoke in public places

7 Attending today's meeting is not mandatory

A You don't have to go to the meeting

B You shouldn't go to the meeting

C You have to go to the meeting

8 Trucks are not allowed to go on this road

A Trucks shouldn't go on this road

B Trucks can't go on this road

C Trucks don't have to go on this road

9 It's not recommended to go swimming after having a big meal

A You don't have to go swimming after having a big meal

B You're not allowed to go swimming after having a big meal

C You shouldn't go swimming after having a big meal

10 Tipping the waiter and the housekeeper is recommended but not mandatory in this

resort

A You have to tip the waiter and the housekeeper

B You don't have to tip the waiter and the housekeeper

C You should tip the waiter and the housekeeper

9 UNIT

What is your plan for the future?

Time and conditional clause

Warm up

Make sentences about you using the phrases in the box Tell the class

If the weather is nice this weekend, I think I'll

/f the weather isn't nice this weekend, I'll probably

When I get home tonight, I'm going to

PRESENTATION 1 Time and conditional clauses

What’s your plan for the future? Read the Andy’s plan for his next 10 years

What I expect to happen in the next 10 years of my life is as follows: After I (graduate)……… from this school, I think, I (take)……… a long holiday and travel in Europe When I (start)……… work, I (not/have)………… much time for myself Therefore, I (want)………… to see Europe before I (start)……… work I (go)………… to England, France, Spain and Italy If you (take) ………….a Eurorail ticket, you can travel inexpensively So I (not/have to/spend)……… too much for my travel expenses After I (come)……… back to Turkey, I (start)……… looking for a job I (accept)…………a job if it fits my life style expectations I (not/want)………… to work long hours

1 Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets

2 Answer the following questions

1 What will he do after he graduate from the school?

2 Why does he want to see Europe before he starts working?

3 Which countries will he travel to?

4 How will he go to these countries?

5 What will he do after he comes back to Turkey?

GRAMMAR REVIEW: Time clauses & First Conditional

Look at this sentence

I'll give her a call when I get home

It consists of two clauses: a main clause /'// give her a call, and a secondary clause when I get home

These conjunctions of time introduce secondary clauses

when while as soon as after before until

They refer to future time, but we use a present tense

When I get home, I'll NOT When I'll get

While we're away, NOT While we’ll be away…

As soon as I hear from you, NOT As soon as I’ll hear……

Wait here until I get back NOT until I'll get back

1 Will expresses a decision or intention made at the moment of speaking

Ex: Give me your case I'll carry it for you

2 It also expresses a future fact The speaker thinks 'This action is sure to happen in

the future'

Ex: Manchester will win the cup

Tomorrow's weather will be warm and sunny

This use is like a neutral future tense The speaker is predicting the future, without expressing an intention, plan, or personal judgment

2 First conditional

Form

If+ Present Simple, will + infinitive without to

Positive and negative

/// work hard, I'll (will) pass my exams If we don't hurry up, we'll (will) be late

Yes, I/ We/ You/ They

He/ She/ It

will

The first conditional is used to express a possible condition and a probable result in the

future English uses a present tense in the condition (if) clause, but a future form in the

result clause

Ex: If my cheque comes, I'll buy us all a meal

You'll get wet if you don't take an umbrella

Note

If expresses a possibility that something will happen; when expresses what the speaker

sees as certain to happen

Ex: If I find your book, I'll send it to you

When I get home, I'll have a bath

PRACTICE

1 Match a line in A with a line in B to make correct sentences

A

1 I'm going to work in an old people's home

2 I'll also live in the home

3 I'll work

4 I'm going to Greece with some

friends I won't be tired

B

a after the job ends

b as soon as I finish school

c if I have a holiday before term starts!

d until I've saved enough money for a holiday, while I'm working there

2 Work with a partner One of you is going on safari to Africa The other sees lots of

problems Use the ideas below to help you

I'm going on safari to Africa Oh dear, what will you do if you get chased

by wild animals?

It'll be OK I won't get chased But I hope I'll see lots of wild animals

 you get chased by wild animals

 it's the rainy season

 there are lots of insects

 you get sunburnt

 you get lost in the bush

 your car breaks down

 you have to sleep in a tent

3 Make a similar conversation about one of these topics

learning to snowboard going mountain

climbing

giving up your job to travel the world joining the army

4 Complete the sentences with when, if, before, as soon as, or until Sometimes more

than one answer is possible Compare answers with a partner

1 I'll have a bath I go to bed

2 I'm coming to London tomorrow I'll ring you I arrive

3 We're planning a barbecue it's nice at the weekend

4 Wait here I get back

5 you have any problems, just ask for help

6 I'm going to give up this job I find a better one

7 I'm only going to do this job I find a better one

8 I want to get home it getsdark

9 I'm going to study English I'm completely fluent

10 Don't forget to give me your address you leave

GRAMMAR QUESTIONS

1 Underline the words that introduce the following clauses

Before I go to university

After the job ends

2 Which tenses are the verbs in these clauses? Do they refer to the present or the future?

3 What's the difference between the sentences? Which is sure? Which is possible?

When I go travelling, I'll send you lots of postcards

If I go travelling, I'll send you lots of postcards

One place where we are likely to see big changes is in the home Developments

in hardware and software will make everyday living simple and easy When you walk into

a room, the lights and heating will come on automatically and your favourite music will start to play without you having to do or say anything It may even be possible to program the system to display artwork that suits individual family’s members’ personal tastes as they go around the house

In the living room, pressing a single button on the remote control will lower the lights , close the curtains, and switch off the music as the system realizes that a movie is about to start New touch-screen technology built into the furniture means that the dining room table could become a computer screen You might be able to place a mobile phone on a table and see digital pictures in its glass surface that were taken with the phone at school or work

In the kitchen, the refrigerator could be connected to the internet It would ‘talk’

to the supplier and order replacement parts without you ever knowing something was

wrong This fridge will be able to tell you what’s inside it, making the job of creating a shopping list much easier And, as you remove the food from the fridge, and place it on the counter top, another computer there will recognize what it is and begin to suggest recipes

This is all possible because tiny, inexpensive computer chips will be attached to every product in the house, including your clothes So, the washing machine will know how to wash your favourite linen shirt and your wardrobe will be able to tell you which clothes are at the dry-cleaner’s and when they are due back An interactive mirror in the bedroom may allow you to see how you look in different clothes without the need to try them on

Unfortunately, one thing we are unlikely to use in the next few years is a like household robot We will have to wait a bit longer for that

human-1 Read the sentences below about the house of the future Read the text again to

decide if each sentence is true (T) or false (F)

1. Experts believe that objects will have a very different appearance in the future 2. In the house of the future the heating will come on at a single instruction

3. The pictures on the walls might change as people go in and out of rooms

4 One simple action will be enough to prepare the living room for watching a film

5 It might be possible to use furniture to display photographs

6 The fridge will inform the home-owner when it’s time to replace a broken part

7 The fridge will suggest recipes based on what ingredients are inside it

8 The computer chips needed to make the system work are cheap

9 The chip in your shirt will tell you when the shirt needs to be washed

10 The bedroom mirror will tell you if the clothes you are wearing suit you

2 Which of the ideas in the article will most improve our lives and which are a waste of

P Bye, darling Have a good trip to New York

M Thanks I’ll ……… (1) you as soon as I arrive at the hotel

P Fine Remember I’m ………….(2) out with Henry tonight

M Well, if you’re out when I ring, I’ll ………(4) on the answer phone, so you’ll know I’ve arrived ………(4)

P Great What time do you …………(5) you’ll be there?

M If the plane arrives on time, I’ll be there at the hotel at ………… (6)

P All right Give me a ring ………… (7) you know the time of your flight back, and I’ll pick you up at ………….(8)

M Thanks, darling Don’t forget to water the plants (9) I’m away

P Don’t worry I ………….(10) Bye!

CHECK IT

1 James is leaving for Rio de Janeiro He's saying goodbye to his mum Put the

verbs in brackets in the correct tense Put if, when, while, or as soon as into each

gap

Mum Bye, my darling Have a good flight to Rio

Remember, we're expecting (expect) a phone call from you this evening when you get there!

James I……….(ring) you _I arrive at Diego's house

Mum Good What time will you get there?

James Well, the flight takes 12 hours the plane……….(arrive) on time, I………… (be) there about 11.30 – Rio time, of course , , you………… (be) asleep when I ring, I……… (leave) a message on the answer phone

Mum I won't be asleep!

James OK! OK! Don't worry, Mum I'll be fine

Mum All right But you……… (travel) around the country,………… you……… (remember) to call us regularly? Make sure you phone twice a week

James Of course! And I……… (phone) you I ………….(run out of)

money!

Mum Cheeky! But you must look after yourself, darling Give my best wishes to Diego's

parents, and don't forget to give them this present you………… (get) to their

house

James Don't worry I won't Oh, they……… (call) my flight!

Love you, Mum Bye!

Mum Love you, James Take care!

2 Choose the best answer

1 You won't pass the course if you

4 If a deer into your garden, it all your plants

G gets / will eat

H will get / eats

5 If I some eggs, how many ?

I cook / will you eat

J will cook / do you eat

6 If you an apple every day, you'll be very healthy

10 You better if you turn on the lamp

S are able to see

T will be able to see

U

3 Complete each sentence below with If or When

1…… I am late to work, my boss gets very angry That is why I am always on time

2…… I leave work, I usually go to the fitness center to work out

3……….he eats, he tries to choose healthy foods

4 His car is very reliable, and he rarely has any trouble with it But he has had a couple

of difficulties in the past ………his car breaks down or he has any problems, he calls the auto club

5 His car is terrible! It always breaks down …….his car breaks down or he has any problems, he calls the auto club

6 Mary gets six weeks paid vacation a year She loves to travel ………….she goes on vacation, she always goes somewhere exotic

7 Diane works harder than anyone I know I don't think she has taken a day off in three years But she does really love to travel ……… she goes on vacation, she goes

somewhere exotic

8 He loves going to the movies ………he goes to the movies, he always gets a large popcorn with tons of butter

9 She hates TV She thinks television is a waste of time ……….she watches any

television at all, it is usually a documentary or a news program

10 My friend always keeps in touch by mail ……… I get a letter, I usually write back immediately

4 Complete the Conditional Sentences (Type I) by putting the verbs into the

correct form

1 If you (send) ……… this letter now, she (receive) ………it tomorrow

2 If I (do) ………this test, I (improve) ……….my English

3 If I (find) ……… your ring, I (give) ……….it back to you

4 Peggy (go) ……….shopping if she (have) ……… time in the afternoon

5 Simon (go) ………to London next week if he (get) ………a cheap flight

6 If her boyfriend (phone / not) ………today, she (leave) ………him

7 If they (study / not) ……….harder, they (pass / not) ………the exam

8 If it (rain) ………tomorrow, I (have to / not) ……… ……water the plants

9 You (be able/ not) ……….to sleep if you (watch) ………… ….this scary film

10 Susan (can / move / not) ………into the new house if it (be / not) ……….ready

on time

WRITING

1 Complete the sentences with your ideas Compare your ideas with a partner then the

class

1 As soon as this lesson finishes, I'm going to

2 If I have time this evening, I'll

3 If our teacher gives us a lot of homework, I won't

4 While I'm doing my homework, I'll

5 I won't go to bed until

6 If I have a holiday this summer, I'll probably

7 When my English is fluent, I'm going to

8 As soon as I'm earning a good salary, I'll

9 Before I get old, I'm going to

10 When I'm old, I won't

2 Choose the most appropriate ending for the following sentences:

a) If we keep polluting our planet,

b) If we use recycled paper and glass,

c) Children will be aware of the importance of recycling

d) If you have a shower instead of a bath,

e) If the environmental issues are taught at school,

3 Write ten sentences about what you guess about our world in 20 years

is are

made in grown in

China the USA Scotland Japan

2 What is made/grown in your country?

PRESENTATION 1 A photograph that changed the world

Read the story of X-ray Are these

statement true (√) of false (x)?

1 X-rays were discovered by Wilhelm

5 X-rays are only used in medicine

A photograph that changed the world

This is the first X-ray photograph It was taken by a German scientist, Wilhelm Roentgen in 1896 It is his wife’s hand The bones in her hand (and also her wedding ring!) are clearly seen in the photo

X-rays were discovered by accident, while Roentgen was experimenting with electricity

Soon after, he built the first X-ray machine

Immediately, hospital operations were made much safer For the first time, doctor could see inside people’s bodies before they cut them open! In 1901, Roentgen was awarded the very first Nobel Prize in Physics His invention is still uses every day by doctors and dentists, and is called ‘ the window into the human body’

Since the introduction of computer imaging

in the 1970s, X-ray machines have been

used for other things, too At airports, many criminals have been caught with illegal items

in their luggage Also, lost works of art have been discovered underneath other paintings

In factories, many faults in new products are found every day, using X-rays There is no doubt that new uses for X-rays will be developed in the future

GRAMMAR QUESTIONS