Effect of different doses of PMSG for synchronisation of estrus in progesterone primed goats

The present study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of estrus response in synchronized does using intravaginal sponges containing 350 mg progesterone (AVIKESIL-S) in situ for 11 days, 125 µg Cloprostenol, on day 10 and PMSG at two does of 200 IU (Group I) or 400 IU (Group II) on day 11 at the time of sponge removal, in non-descript does under field conditions.

Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.708.326

Effect of Different Doses of PMSG for Synchronisation of Estrus in

Progesterone Primed Goats

K Kavitha 1* , Cecilia Joseph 1 , T Sarath 2 and C Pugazharasi 3

1

Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Madras Veterinary College,

Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

2

Department of Clinics, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

3

Mobile Veterinary Officer, TANUVAS, Tamil Nadu, India

*Corresponding author

A B S T R A C T

Introduction

Reproductive performance is one of the

important economic traits in goats

Higher pregnancy rates, birth weight and rapid

recovery of doe’s weight after parturition are

important reproductive characteristics

deciding the benefits of goat rearing (Gangyi

et al., 1992)

Estrus synchronization enables large number

of females to be presented for breeding within

a short chosen period of time so as to assure

kidding during optimum time of the year with

minimum husbandry management and expenses

Estrus is normally induced by progesterone or progestagens, combined with gonadotropins and prostaglandins Progestagens are administered by vaginal devices for short or long duration, with better fertility (Gordon, 1997)

The present work was conducted to evaluate the dose of PMSG used in combination with progesterone and prostaglandin for control of reproductive cycles in non-descript does under field conditions

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences

ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 08 (2018)

Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com

The present study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of estrus response in synchronized

does using intravaginal sponges containing 350 mg progesterone (AVIKESIL-S) in situ for

11 days, 125 µg Cloprostenol, on day 10 and PMSG at two does of 200 IU (Group I) or

400 IU (Group II) on day 11 at the time of sponge removal, in non-descript does under field conditions The percentage of estrous response and duration of estrus were observed

to be 70, 100 and 100; 40.93 ± 1.49, 42.20 ± 1.32 and 49.50 ± 0.94 in control, Group I and Group II respectively Pregnancy verification was done 40 to 45 days post mating by ultrasound examination and the conception rate in control, Group I and Group II was 52.40, 63.33 and 66.67 respectively Follicular study, pre and post treatment of PMSG in the treatment groups indicated an increase in daily growth rate of follicles from 0.05 to 0.09 mm with the increase in dose of PMSG from 100 IU to 400 IU

K e y w o r d s

Progesterone,

Prostaglandin,

PMSG, Follicle

Accepted:

17 July 2018

Available Online:

10 August 2018

Article Info

Materials and Methods

Location of study

The present study was carried out at farmers’

flocks in Kanchipuram district of the Tamil

Nadu State of India These villages are located

in the semi-arid region of the country situated

at 120 50’ North Latitude and 790 – 42’ east

longitude with an average elevation of 275’

(83-82m) M.S.L The temperature throughout

the year is high; reaching a maximum average

of 37.50 ̊C in the month of April to July and

recording of minimum average of 20.50 ̊C

temperatures during the months of December

to February Average annual rainfall of the

Local Planning Area is 40” or 1125 m.m

Selection of animals

Non-descript does were screened for

reproductive tract abnormalities and

pregnancy by using Ultrasound (Sonoscape S2

V) with 7.5 MHz transrectal probe and ninety

does in their first to fourth parity were selected

for this study The selected does were

dewormed with fenbendazole at the dose rate

of 10 mg/kg body weight and supplemented

with mineral mixture 10 g/day/animal The

selected does were assigned to control and

treatment group irrespective of the stage of the

cycle

Experimental design

Thirty selected does kept as control, were

observed for the onset of natural estrus signs

In group I, the selected does (n=30) were

treated with progesterone impregnated

synthetic vaginal sponges (AVIKESIL-S),

placed in the vagina for 11 days with an

intramuscular injection of Cloprostenol

sodium (Inj Pragma, Intas pharmaceuticals) at

125 µg/doe on day 10 and 100 I.U of PMSG

(Inj.Folligon, Intervet) intramuscularly on day

11, at the time of sponge removal In group II,

the does (n=30) were treated with progesterone sponges for 11 days with an intramuscular injection of Cloprostenol sodium at 125 µg/doe on day 10 and 400 I.U

of PMSG intramuscularly on day 11, at the time of sponge removal

All the treated does were observed for the onset of estrus signs All the treated does were examined for ovarian status using B-mode ultrasound equipment using a 7.5MHz linear probe (Sonoscape S2 V) transrectally and follicular diameters were measured from day

10 to day 13

Statistical analysis

All the collected data were analyzed statistically by the method described by Snedecor and Cochran (1989) Data pertaining

to estrus response was calculated by using one-way analysis of variance and conception rate was evaluated by Chi-square test

Results and Discussion

Estrus responses obtained after different treatments are given in Table 1 Estrus response was observed in 60% in the control group whereas 100% response was obtained in group II and group III The estrus response was significantly (P<0.01) higher in groups treated with PMSG (groups I and II) when compared to control

The mean (±SE) follicular diameter on day 10 was found to be 0.28ab ± 0.06 and 0.22a ± 0.07

mm in group I and II respectively and the corresponding values on day 13 was 0.41bc ± 0.03 and 0.50c ± 0.03 mm The growth rate of follicle per day was 0.50 mm in group I and 0.90 mm in group II (Table 2)

Duration of estrus was significantly (P<0.01) higher in group I and group when compared to control group (Table 1) However there was

no significant difference between control and

does in group I Conception rate in control,

group I and group II was 52.40, 63.33 and

66.67 per cent respectively

Estrus response was observed to be 100 per

cent in group II and group III This finding is

in line with the reports of Das et al., (l997),

Shawki et al., (2000), Hashemi et al., (2006),

Luther et al., (2007) and Ustuner et al., (2007)

who also reported estrus response of 100 per

cent, using progesterone intravaginal sponges

and PMSG treatment Thus the addition of

PMSG induced estrum in all the does in group

II and group III, irrespective or the dose levels

used However it was higher than 96.7% (400

IU PMSG) and 76 7% (200 IU PMSG)

obtained by Dias et al., (2001) and 88.9%

obtained by Dogan and Nur (2006)

In all the treated does, the interval from

withdrawal of vaginal sponges to onset of

estrus was recorded in the range of 36 to 42

hours No variation in onset of estrum was

observed between group I and group II in the present study The results concurred with the findings of Selvaraju (1994) and Senthilkumar

et al., (2016) using progesterone and PMSG

combination however longer estrus onset (65.4

± 24.0 h) was observed by Kausar et al.,

(2009) using MAP sponges alone for a period

of 17 days

The diameter of the ovulatory follicle at the time of device withdrawal was similar among groups (≥3 mm), but its development was influenced by the administration of PMSG in comparison with the control goats More number of follicles of diameter >4 mm were recruited (Figure 1 and 2) with the high dose

of PMSG (Figure 3) and the average growth rate of follicles were found to be increased from 0.5 to 0.9 mm per day (Table 2) when the dose of PMSG was increased from 100 IU

to 400 IU This could be due to the long biological half-life of PMSG leads to a continuous recruitment and development of

follicles (Armstrong et al., 1983)

Table.1 Estrus responses in the treated and control groups

Treatment Groups

(P4+ PG + 100 IU PMSG)

Group II (P4+ PG + 400 IU PMSG)

(21)

100b (30)

100b (30)

Mean ± SE duration

of estrus (h)

40.93a ± 1.49 42.20a ± 1.32 49.50 b ± 0.94

(11)

63.33 (19)

66.67 (20)

Figures in parenthesis indicate number of animals

Means with different superscripts are significantly (P<0.01) different from each other within row

Table.2 Assessment of follicular population in the treatment groups

Mean(±SE) follicular diameter

ab

± 0.06 0.22a ± 0.07 Mean(±SE) follicular diameter

bc

± 0.03 0.50c ± 0.03 Growth rate of follicle per day

Fig.1 Ultrasound image of ovary (day13) in

Group I

Fig.2 Ultrasound image of ovary (day 13) in

Group II

Fig.3 Measurement of follicular diameter

In the present study the duration of estrus was

significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the does

treated with 400 IU (group II) The addition of

PMSG of either dose levels prolonged the

estrus duration in group I and group II when

compared to control does (Table 1) The

duration of estrus was also prolonged with the

increased dosage of PMSG (400 IU) in the

progesterone primed does The mean estrus

duration of treated does in the present study

are higher the range of 6 to 42 hours reported

by Das et al., (2000), in Bharat Merino ewes

synchronized with intravaginal (350 mg) progesterone sponges; 52 ± 7.8 h in Nubian

goats reported by Ahmed et al., (1998) in

does synchronised with intravaginal sponges impregnated with progesterone (40 mg) inserted for a 16-day period plus an intramuscular injection of 300 IU PMSG two days before sponge removal The longer

duration of estrus observed in group II

compared to Group I and control are

attributed due the higher dose of PMSG

treatment which results in maximal

circulating oestradiol values (Rensis and

López-Gatius, 2014)

Among the does bred 11(52.40%), 19

(63.33%) and 20 (66.67%) does conceived in

control, group I and group II respectively

Though there was an increase in the

conception rate in the treatment groups

compared to the control, it was not

statistically significant The percentage

conception rate was similar to that of Vinoles

et al., (2001) who recorded 67.0%, in ewes

synchronized with MAP intravaginal sponge

in situ for 12 days followed by eCG injection

and also similar to the 60.0% conception rate

reported by Martemucci and Alessandro

(2010) in ewes synchronized with 40 mg of

FGA intravaginal sponges in situ for 14 days

followed by 400 IU of eCG at the time of

sponge withdrawal However Dogan et al.,

(2018) reported a lower conception rate

(27.8%) using norgestomet ear implants plus

an intramuscular injection of 500 IU of equine

chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and 125 μg

cloprostenol (PGF2α), 48 h prior to

progestagen removal

The increased estrus response and improved

conception rate was found to higher in does

treated with 400 IU PMSG PMSG has both

FSH and LH – like activity, thereby improves

the development and the ovulation rate of the

dominant pre-ovulatory follicle Thus the

quality of the ensuing CL is improved leading

to increased progesterone secretion with a

positive effect on embryo development and

survival (Rensis and López-Gatius, 2014)

In conclusion, the results of the present study

suggest that progesterone treatment in

combination with PMSG improves the estrus

response and conception rate when compared

to untreated control does This indicates the administration of 400 I.U of PMSG augments the effect of natural progesterone for synchronization of estrus in non-descript local does

Acknowledgment

The authors are greatly thankful to National Agriculture Development Programme (NADP) Animal Mobile Medical Ambulance scheme for providing necessary funding for the research

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How to cite this article:

Kavitha, K., Cecilia Joseph, T Sarath and Pugazharasi, C 2018 Effect of Different Doses of PMSG for Synchronisation of Estrus in Progesterone Primed Goats

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci 7(08): 3066-3071 doi: https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.708.326