TCVN 8863 2011 specification for construction and acceptance of the surface treatments using the asphalt cement

TCVN 8863 : 2011 is converted from 22 TCN 1679 according to regulations in Clause 1, Article 69, Law on Technical Standards and Regulations and point a, section 1, clause 1, Article 7, Decree No.1272007NDCP dated 01082008 by the Government providing details for implementation of some articles under Law on Technical Standards and Regulations.TCVN 8863 : 2011 is composed by Institute of Transport Science and Technology, recommended by Ministry of Transport, verified by Directorate for Standards, Metrology and Quality and published by Ministry of Science and Technology.

TCVN NATIONAL STANDARD

TCVN 8863 : 2011

First Edition

Specification For Construction And Acceptance Of The

Surface Treatments Using The Asphalt Cement

HANOI  2011

TCVN 8863 : 2011

Table of Content

1 Scope of application 5

2 References 6

3 Terminology and Definition 6

4 Requirements on materials of the surface treatments using the asphalt cement 7

5 Quantifying amount of chip and bitumen for the surface treatments using the asphalt cement on types of pavement 8

6 Preparation before the surface treatment 9

7 Construction 11

8 Supervision, inspection and acceptance 14

9 Labor safety and environment protection 17

TCVN 8863 : 2011

Foreword

TCVN 8863 : 2011 is converted from 22 TCN 16-79 according to

regulations in Clause 1, Article 69, Law on Technical Standards and Regulations and point a, section 1, clause 1, Article 7, Decree No.127/2007/ND-CP dated 01/08/2008 by the Government providing details for implementation of some articles under Law on Technical Standards and Regulations

TCVN 8863 : 2011 is composed by Institute of Transport Science

and Technology, recommended by Ministry of Transport, verified by Directorate for Standards, Metrology and Quality and published by Ministry of Science and Technology

TCVN 8863 : 2011

NATIONAL STANDARD TCVN 8863 : 2011

Specification For Construction And Acceptance Of The Surface Treatments Using The Asphalt Cement

1.1 This standard is applied to construction and acceptance of the surface treatments using the

asphalt cement on newly constructed pavement or existing one in need of repair and recovery This standard is in no way applied to expressway, roads with designed velocity of 80 km/h or more

Other layers of pavement structure are constructed in compliance with applicable relevant standards

1.2 The surface treatments on kinds of pavement are not taken into account in calculating the

pavement strength

1.3 The surface treatments are classified into single, double and triple bituminous types Choosing

type is determined by the design consultant Please refer to Table 1 for guidance of usage

Table 1 – Usage of the surface treatments using the asphalt cement

Type of surface

treatments

Usage

1 Single

bituminous

-When the existing surface treatment is much worn out or damaged

- When the existing surface treatment is worn out or slippery but traffic volume is not high

2 Double

bituminous

- When it is necessary to increase roughness, to recover flatness for various kinds

of pavement;

-When it is essential to protect and improve operational quality of crushed stone, base pavement with or without cement consolidation with other inorganic binder materials

3 Triple

bituminous

- When it is needful to protect and intensify operational quality of base pavement with traffic volume over 80 vehicles/day night (converted into vehicle of 10T axle) while it is impossible to construct asphalt pavement (asphalt concrete, penetration macadam ) above

TCVN 8863 : 2011

TCVN 8863 : 2011

2 References

The following references are very necessary for applying this standard For references with year of publish indicated, apply the stated version For those specifying no date of issuance, apply the latest version including modifications and supplementation (if any)

TCVN 7493:2005 Bitumen – Technical specifications

TCVN 7504:2005 Bitumen –Test method for determination of adhesion with paving stone

TCVN 7572-8:2006 Method for determination of content of dust, mud and clay and

content of clay lump

TCVN 7572-11:2006 Test method for determination of crushing value of coarse aggregates

TCVN 7572-12:2006 Test method for determination of abrasion and impact in the Los

Angeles machine

TCVN 7572-13:2006 Test method for determination of elongation and flakiness content

TCVN 7572-17:2006 Test method for determination of feeble weathered particle content

TCVN 7572-18:2006 Determination of crushed particle content

TCVN 8859 :2011 Crushed stone base in highway structure – Material, construction and

acceptance

Definition

3.1 Single Bituminous Surface Treatment – or simply called Single Surface Treatment,

abbreviated as SST; or Chip Seal), is constructed by application of one layer of bitumen and chip then compacted

3.2 Double Bituminous Surface Treatment – or Double Surface Treatment, abbreviated DST

is constructed by repetion of Article 3.1 process in twice

3.3 Triple Bituminous Surface Treatment – or Triple Surface Treatment, abbreviated TST), is

constructed by repetion of Article 3.1 process in three times

3.4 Bituminous Material For Prime Coat is used to evenly spray on the base course surface

with mineral material using no organic binder material, with the purpose that a part of bituminous material will absorp into the base surface of 5 to 10mm thickness as prime coat, and a part of it will be adhesive to stone material on which bitumen will be applied

3.5 Bituminous Material For Tack Coat is employed to spray evenly on the surface of the

mineral material layer using organic binder material or on existing pavement, so that it creates adhesion with stone layer on which bitumen will be applied

3.6 Cutback asphalt has average hardening speed and viscosity of 30 mm2/s to 60 mm2/s, coded

as MC30 Cutback asphalt with average hardening speed and viscosity of 70 mm2/s to 140 mm2/s at

60OC is coded as MC70

Fine aggregate: Refers to the mixture of aggregates with size ranging from 0.14mm to 5mm

Fine aggregate may be natural sand, crushed sand or mixture of natural and crushed sand

3.7 International Roughness Index, or IRI refers to the index indicating the flatness/smoothness of

pavement, measured in m/km The smaller this value is, the flatter the pavement is Measurement of IRI can be by dedicated devices such as TRL Profile Beam; Laser Profile Systems; Road Master IRI – Tester and GPS; Bump Integrater

4 Requirements on material of the surface

treatments using the asphalt cement

4.1 Stone

4.1.1 Stone or chip used in the surface treatments must be crushed from rubble stone or mountainous stone We may use gravel containing more than 85% particle volume on 4.75mm sieve having at lest two surfaces of fraction and no more than 10% of volume is silicate based gravel

4.1.2 Do not use stone crushed from Marl stone, clay sandstone, clay shale

4.1.3 Physico – mechanical properties of chip crushed from above original stone shall satisfy specifications in Table 2

Table 2 – Physico – mechanical properties for chip used in the surface treatments using the asphalt cement

1 Crushing value of broken gravel, %  8 TCVN 7572-11: 2006

2 Los Angeles Abrasion, %

a) For rock and metamorphic stone

b) For sedimentary rock

 25 (30)

 35 (40)

TCVN 7572-12: 2006

3 Content of broken gravel (at lest 2 surfaces of

fraction) in volume of gravel retained on sieve 4.75mm,

%

 85 TCVN 7572-18: 2006

4 Elongation and flakiness content (particle on sieve

TCVN 7572-13: 2005

5 Feeble weathered particle content, %  5 TCVN 7572-17: 2006

6 General content of dust, mud and clay, %  1 TCVN 7572-8: 2006

7 Content of clay lumps, %  0,25 TCVN 7572-8: 2006

8 Adhesion of paving stone with bitumen Pass TCVN 7504: 2005

NOTE: Value in blanket () is only used for roads with designed velocity Vtk < 60km/h

4.1.4 Size of chips used in the surface treatments using the asphalt cement are is stated in Table

3 Each size of chip is symbolized as dmin/Dmax, where dmin is the nominal minimum size and Dmax is the nominal maximum size (by square sieve) Depending on single, double or triple treatment we choose the size as appropriate as in Section 5

Table 3 – Sizes of chip (by square sieve) used in the surface treatments using the asphalt cement

nominal, mm

D max nominal, mm

NOTE: The amount of particle with size larger than nominal Dmax shall not exceed 15% volume.

The amount of particle with size smaller than than nominal Dmin shall not exceed 10% volume.

4.1.5 Chip must by dry and clean

4.2 Bitumen

4.2.1 Bitumen used in the surface treatment using the asphalt cement must be oil based with penetration of 60/70 to be heated to 160oC when paving Depending on weather condition and type of chip, the Design Consultant may allow using bitumen 40/50 (or 85/100 with suitable temperature) Above bitumen shall meet technical specifications in TCVN 7493-2005 Bitumen – Technical specifications 4.2.2 Bituminous material for prime coat must be cutback asphalt or emulsion with average hardening speed of MC70 or MC30

4.2.3 The bitumen must be clean without water and impurities

4.2.4 Before using bitumen, check documents of technical parameters of the bitumen and test the same as required by TCVN 7493-2005

5 Quantifying amount of chip and bitumen for the surface treatments using the

asphalt cement on types of pavement.

5.1 Amount of chip and bitumen depends on type of the surface treatments and paving sequence

as stated in Table 4

Table 4 – Quantifying amount of chip and bitumen used in single, double and triple surface

treatment.

Surface

treatment

Thick ness (cm)

Sequence of application

Bitumen amount (kg/m 2 ) Sequence

of paving

Stone size (mm)

Chip amount (L/m 2 )

1,0 Once only 1,2 * Once only 4,75/9,5 10-12

Single 1,5 Once only 1,5 (1,8) Once only 9,5/12,5 15-17

Double 2,0- 2,5 First time 1,5 (1,8) First time 9,5/12,5 14-16

Surface

treatment

Thick ness (cm)

Sequence of application

Bitumen amount (kg/m 2 ) Sequence

of paving

Stone size (mm)

Chip amount (L/m 2 )

Second time 1.2 Second time 4.75/9.75 10-12

Triple 3.0- 3.5

First time 1.7 (1.9) First time 12.5/19 18-20 Second time 1.5 Second time 9.5/12.5 14-16 Third time 1.1 Third time 4.75/9.5 9-11

NOTE: 1 – (*) Only used for single surface treatment on existing pavement of little traffic volume

2 – Value in the ( ) refers to the amount of bitumen applied for the first time when treating with the asphalt cement on newly constructed crushed stone pavement.

3 –When constructing manually, it is permitted to increase bitumen amount by 5%.

4 – Rate of bitumen in table 4 above excludes prime coat.

5.2 To make the material volume accurate and to check operation of machine as well as the combination of stages of bitumen spreading, chip paving, compaction, before mass scaled construction,

it is advisable to conduct trial construction with one section of at least 100m and adjust appropriate to actual condition

6 Preparation before the surface treatment

6.1 Depending on the type of pavement to be treated using the asphalt cement, whether it is new or existing crushed stone pavement, stone aggregates pavement, crushed stone pavement or cement consolidated stone aggregates, soil pavement consolidated with cement or lime, newly constructed or existing pavement (asphalt concrete, penetration macadam, the surface treatment and so on), the preparation of surface treatment may be different

Before treatment, the pavement structure shall satisfy requirements in terms of strength and geometric factor as designed If it is existing one, it must be repaired to resume the shape, cross section and flatness

The surface treatment for pavement shall be conducted only in sunny and dry weather, with temperature no more than 15oC Otherwise, it is preferable to apply method of the surface treatment with acid based emulsified asphalt

6.1.1 Prepare surface for crushed stone base course

6.1.1.1 Before treating, the surface of crushed stone base course must be cleaned, dried and leveled, with cross slope as in design

TCVN 8863 : 2011

If it is crushed stone base newly constructed, it shall be accepted following requirements in the TCVN 8859:2011 - Crushed stone base in highway structure – Material, construction and acceptance

If it is existing base course, repair of leveling, filling of pothole and depression shall be completed at least 2 days before

6.1.1.2 To sweep, clean, blow (with compressed air) the crushed stone base course Be careful when using cleaning truck to prevent pulling out of aggregates on the upper side of pavement If the pavement is dirty, muddy, flush water to clean it and wait until the pavement becomes dry, then apply the prime coat The scope of pavement cleaning is 0.20m larger than scope of bitumen application along two edges

6.1.1.3 On the clean and dry crushed stone base surface, apply an amount of prime coat following section 4.2.2 with standard of 1.0 kg/m2 to 1.3 kg/m2 This amount of prime coat is quite enough to penetrate deeply into crushed stone base layer of 5mm to 10mm thickness and enclose remaining dust particles on the surface of the aggregate layer to create a good binding with the surface treatment; however, do not leave thick bitumen traces or bituminous films on the surface of crushed stone aggregates, which is likely to make the surface treatment slippery later on

The prime coat should be applied 2 days before the surface treatment, but no more than 5 days to prevent dust and rain water; in case it is essential for traffic opening or due to bad weather condition, it should be executed at least 4h in advance

6.1.2 For crushed stone aggregate base course of cement consolidation, soil pavement with cement

or other inorganic substances consolidation, preparation of the surface before treatment is carried out

as in Section 6.1.1, using cutback asphalt for prime coat of 0.8 kg/m2 to 1.0 kg/m2

6.1.3 For newly constructed water bound macadam, when compacting to phase 3, do not water, do not pave grit, do not apply prime coat to prepare surface treatment using the asphalt cement

6.1.4 For existing macadam pavement, repair pothole, depression to resume its cross section and flatness at least 2 days before treatment Remove dust, dirt, to spread prime coat as requried by section 4.2.2 with standard ranging from 0.5 kg/m2 đến 0.8 kg/m2 at least 4h before surface treatment

The scope of pavement cleaning is 0.20m larger than scope of bitumen application along two edges

6.1.5 For pavement already having surface treatment (asphalt concrete, penetration macadam, surface

treatment ), it is necessary to fill pothole and depression, to fill cracking, leveling to recover its cross section and flatness of the pavement at least 5 days before the surface treatment Clean the pavement with brush, blow compressed air before treatment but not too long to prevent re-contamination, do not apply the prime coat But the pavement should be very dry

6.2 Preparation of construction machine and equipment

6.2.1 Prepare a construction team with machine and equipment including:

- Cleaning truck for pavement sweeping and watering

- Air compressor,

- Bitumen spreading machine

- Hand-held bitumen spreading tool

- Chip spreading machine or chip spreader integrated into truck