Tên tài liệu: Lý thuyết và 350 bài tập đảo ngữ trong tiếng Anh. Số trang: 47 trang. Định dạng văn bản: Word. Tác giả: Thư viện tiếng Anh. Tài liệu gồm 02 phần: Lý thuyết cơ bản và bài tập. Tài liệu bị mã hóa nên có thể copy dễ dàng.
Trang 2TẠI SAO GỌI LÀ ĐẢO NGỮ?
Bình thường câu khẳng định và phủ định sẽ có dạng:
S (+ Trợ đông từ) + ADV + V
(Trạng từ có thể đứng cuối câu)
Vd: I will never forget them.
ĐẢO NGỮ là dạng mà TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ và TRẠNG TỪ bị ĐẢO LÊN ĐẦU CÂU TRƯỚC CHỦ NGỮ.
Ví dụ: - NEVER WILL I forget them.
* Lưu ý: Câu Hỏi cũng là 1 dạng Đảo Ngữ (Are you tired? Where did she go?)
DẠNG 1: ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI CÁC TRẠNG TỪ PHỦ ĐỊNH
Các Trạng từ phủ định hay dùng cho dạng này:
- never: không bao giờ
- hardly: hầu như không
- little: ít khi, hiếm khi
- rarely: hiếm khi
- seldom: hiếm khi
- scarcely: hiếm khi
- hardly ever: hầu như không bao giờ
* Công thức: TRẠNG TỪ PHỦ ĐỊNH + TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ + S + V.
( CHÚ Ý: với HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN và QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN khi đã mượn trợ động từ (DO,
DOES, DID), Động từ chính của câu luôn là NGUYÊN THỂ
Vd: - Little does she visit here (ít khi cô ấy thăm nơi này)
DẠNG 2: ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI CÁC CẤU TRÚC VỚI NO
Bao gồm:
- at no time: không bao giờ
- on no condition: không đủ khả năng, dù thế nào
- on no account: không thể nào, không … trong bất kỳ hoàn cảnh nào
- under/ in no circumstances: không bao giờ
Trang 3- for no reason: không có lý do gì
- in no way: không thể nào, không thể
- No longer does he work here
(ông ta không làm việc ở đây nữa)
DẠNG 3: ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI SUCH VÀ SO
- So stupid are you that you will die (Mày quá ngu đến nỗi mày sẽ chết)
- So quickly did she run that they couldn’t catch them
- Such a beautiful girl is she that all boys love her.
DẠNG 4: ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI: “HARDLY ……….WHEN………”
* HARDLY + HAD + S + VP2 + WHEN + S + V-quá khứ đơn.
(vừa mới ………… thì)
Vd
Trang 4- Hardly had she left home when it rained
(cô ta vừa ra ngoài thì trời mưa)
- Hardly had the chopper taken off when it exploded (máy bay trực thăng vừa cất
cánh thì nó bị nổ)
DẠNG 5: ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI CÁC CẤU TRÚC CÓ ONLY
* LOẠI 1:
- only once: chỉ 1 lần
- only later: chỉ sau đó
- only in this/ that way: chỉ bằng cách này/ cách đó
- only after + /v-ing/ n: chỉ sau khi
- only by v_ing/ n: chỉ bằng cách, bằng việc
- only with + n: chỉ với
- only then: chỉ sau đó
- only + giới từ + thời gian: chỉ vào lúc
=> CÁC CỤM NÀY + TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ + S + V
Vd:
- Only by practising frequently can you play football well
(chỉ bằng việc tập luyện thường xuyên chú mới có thể chơi bóng đá giỏi)
* LOẠI 2:
- only when: chỉ khi
- only after: chỉ sau khi
- only if: chỉ nếu mà
=> CÁC CỤM NÀY + S1 + V1+ O1 + TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ + S2 + V2
( CÁC CỤM NÀY + S1 + V1+ O1 + ĐẢO NGỮ) Vd:
- Only when she left did he understand her love for him.
(chỉ khi cô ấy ra đi, anh ấy mới hiểu được tình yêu của cô ấy cho mình)
DẠNG 6: Đảo ngữ với: NOT ONLY BUT ALSO
(không những……….mà còn)
*NOTONLY+TRỢĐỘNGTỪ+S+V1+BUT+S+ALSO+V2
Trang 5(V1 sẽ nguyên thể nếu đó là Hiện tại đơn hoặc Qúa khứ đơn – V2 sẽ vẫn giữ nguyên
dạng theo THÌ)
Vd:
- Not only did he steal the car but he also burnt the house.
(Nó không chỉ ăn cắp xe hơi mà còn đốt nhà)
* CHÚ Ý: vị trị của vế BUT ALSO có thể khác một chút nhưng đây là dạng PHỔ
BIẾN)
DẠNG 7: ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI NOT UNTIL (TILL)
((mãi) cho đến khi/ chỉ khi…… thì mới……)
* NOT UNTIL + THỜI GIAN/ S1 + V1 + TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ + S2 + V2.
(NOT UNTIL + THỜI GIAN/ S + V + ĐẢO NGỮ)
Vd: - Not until I went to bed did i remember the task
((Mãi) Cho đến khi/ chỉ khi tao đi ngủ thì tao mới nhớ đến nhiệm vụ)
- Not until 11 p.m will he come back (mãi đến lúc 11 giờ đêm nó mới
về)
DẠNG 8: ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI NO SOONER ……THAN……
(vừa mới…….thì…….)
Dạn này giống với dạng 4 “hardly…….when……”: 1 vế QKHT và 1 vế QKĐ)
* NO SOONER + HAD + S + VP2 + THAN + S + V-quá khứ đơn.
Vd: - No sooner had he died than his sons fought for his property (Lão vừa mới chết
thì những thằng con trai lão tranh giành tài sản)
DẠNG 9: ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI CÁC TRẠNG TỪ CHỈ CHUYỂN ĐỘNG
- round and round: vòng quanh
- to and fro: đi đi lại lại
- up and down: lên lên xuống xuống
- away: rời xa
- off: rời xa
……… (còn nhiều nữa)
Trang 6=> CÁC CỤM NÀY + ĐỘNG TỪ + S Vd: - Round and round flies
the bird (con chim bay vòng quanh)
- Away ran the thief (tên trộm chuồn mất)
* CHÚ Ý: nếu như CHỦ NGỮ là 7 ĐẠI TỪ NHÂN XƯNG (I, WE, YOU, THEY,
HE, SHE, IT)
– cấu trúc sẽ là:
=> TRẠNGTỪ+S+V
Vd: - AWAY HE RAN (nó chạy trốn)
DẠNG 10: ĐẢO NGỮ GIỚI TỪ CHỈ ĐỊA ĐIỂM
- here: ở đây
- there: ở đó
- Giới từ (in, on, at, from, to…) + đia điểm
=> CÁC CỤM NÀY + V + S.
Vd: - There came the guests (những người khách đã đến đó)
- In the kitchen was a ghost (1 con ma ở trong bếp)
* CHÚ Ý: nếu như CHỦ NGỮ là 7 ĐẠI TỪ NHÂN XƯNG (I, WE, YOU, THEY,
HE, SHE, IT)
– cấu trúc sẽ là:
GIỚI TỪ + ĐỊA ĐIỂM + S + V Vd: -
HERE WE ARE (chúng tao ở đây) DẠNG 11:
ĐẢO NGỮ với CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN
(1) Câu điều kiện LOẠI 1:
* SHOULD + S + V-nguyên thể, S + WILL + V-nguyên thể
Vd: - Should she come late, he will beat her (Nếu cô ấy đến muộn, hắn sẽ
đánh cô ấy)
(nếu phủ định thì cho NOT sau chủ ngữ)
(2) Câu điều kiện LOẠI 2
* WERE + S + TO + V-nguyên thể, S + WOULD + V-nguyên thể
Trang 7Vd: - Were I to quit the job, I wouldn’t have enough money (Nếu tôi bỏ việc,
tôi sẽ không có đủ tiền)
(nếu phủ định thì cho NOT sau chủ ngữ)
- Nêu sau nó là Danh từ hoạc Tính từ thì có thể bỏ
cụm TO V Vd: Were I you, I would go home
(3) Câu điều kiện LOẠI 3
* HAD + S + VP2, S + WOULD HAVE + VP2
Vd: - HAD WE KNOWN your address, we would have visited you (Nếu chúng
tôi biết địa chỉ của ông, chúng tôi đã đến thăm ông rồi)
(nếu phủ định thì cho NOT sau chủ ngữ)
ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI MỘT SỐ DẠNG KHÁC
với Dạng 4: HARDLY HAD + S + V-p2 + WHEN + S + V-quá khứ đơn.
=> HARDLY có thể thay bằng dạng có BARELY hoặc SCARCELY BARELY/ SCARCELY HAD + S + V-p2 + WHEN + S + V-quá khứ đơn.
(vừa mới….thì………)
Vd: - barely/ scarcely had we set off when it snowed.
(Chúng tao vừa khởi hành thì trời đổ tuyết)
BÀI TẬP
Chuyển sang dạng Đảo Ngữ:
1 He is so gentle that he never scolds anyone
=> So………
2 He hardly bought a new bike when he had an accident
(1) => Hardly………(2) => No sooner………
3 The thief ran away
Trang 91 So gentle is he that he never scolds anyone.
2 (1) => Hardly had he bought a new bike when he had an accident
(2) => No sooner had he bought a new bike than he had an accident
3 Away ran the thief
4 Only when I reached 30 could I drive a car
5 Should he go to school, he will have money
6 Not only did the man beat the child, but he also took all her money
7 At no time will she accept his proposal
8 Rarely did Mr Bean show his intelligence
9 (1) => No sooner had I gone home than I phoned him
(2) => Scarcely had I gone home when I phoned him
10 Had you followed the advice, you would have succeeded
11 Into the sea he dived
12 Were he to have money, he would travel
13 Such is a gentle girl that she speaks very softly
hoặc: Such a gentle girl is she that she speaks very softly
14 On the bed lay the girl
15 Not until she was 18 did she go abroad
16 Only by training hard can we improve our skills
17 Here they are
18 No longer does he drink coffee
19 Outside the door he stood
Trang 1020 Not until they were robbed of money did they become more careful.
Bài 2 Dùng NEVER viết lại câu với hình thức đảo ngữ
1 She had never been so happy before
Bài 3 Dùng RARELY, SELDOM hoặc LITTLE viết lại câu với hình thức đảo ngữ
1 One rarely finds good service these days
Trang 11Bài 4 Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with NOT.
1 He is my friend as well as yours
Trang 1211 She not only sings but also dances.
5 A sleeping dog was lying under the table
=> Under the table _
6 His brother had rarely been more excited
Trang 134 I understood Hamlet only after seeing it on the stage.
=> Only
Bài 7 Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with SHOULD.
1 If the Government are forced into another election, it will be the favorite to win
Trang 14=> Should .
7 If you change your mind, there will always be a job for you here
=> Should
Bài 8 Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with WERE OR HAD
1 If the salary were high, the job would be worth doing
Bài 9 Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with SO OR SUCH.
1 The weather is so beautiful that we decided to go to the beach
=> So
Trang 152 He is so strong that he can lift the box.
Trang 163 I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back.
7 A sleeping dog was lying under the table
=> Under the table _
8 His brother had rarely been more excited
Trang 1717 If the government raised interest rates They would lose the election.
Trang 1831 I have never been embarrassed like that!
Trang 1945 The exercise is so easy that every students can do it easily.
II Dùng NEVER viết lại câu với hình thức đảo ngữ
1 She had never been so happy before
=> Never before had she been so happy.
2 I have never heard such nonsense!
=> Never have I heard such nonsense
3 I have never seen such a mess in my life
=> Never in my life have I seen such a mess in my life
4 Our profits have never been higher than they are this year
=> Never have our profits been higher than they are this year
5 The film had never before laid on such a sumptuous celebration
=> Never before had the film laid on such a sumptuous celebration.
6 I've never come across such a horrifying film
=> Never have I come across such a horrifying film.
7 I've never been so moved by a Shakespeare production
=> Never have I been so moved by a Shakespeare production.
8 I had never tasted such a wonderful combination of flavors before
=> Never before had I tasted such a wonderful combination of flavors
9 I never go to school late
=> Never do I go to school late
Trang 2010 I have never seen anyone in my life drink as much as you
=> Never in my life have I seen anyone as much as you.
11 I'll never forget you
=> Never shall I forget you
II Dùng RARELY, SELDOM hoặc LITTLE viết lại câu với hình thức đảo ngữ
1 One rarely finds good service these days
=> Rarely does one find good service these days
2 She has rarely travelled more than fifty miles from her village
=> Rarely has she traveled more than fifty miles from her village
3 Public borrowing has seldom been so high
=> Seldom public borrowing has been so high
4 They had seldom participated in such a fascinating ceremony
=> Seldom had they participated in such a fascinating ceremony.
5 They little suspected that the musical was going to be a runaway success
=> Little did they suspect that the musical was going to be a runaway success.
6 The embassy staff little realized that Ted was a secret agent
=> Little did the embassy staff realize that Ted was a secret agent
7 She didn't realize what would happen to her next
=> Little did she realize what would happen to her next.
8 He has seldom seen anything stranger
=> Seldom has he seldom seen anything stranger
III Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with NOT.
1 He is my friend as well as yours
=> Not only is he my friend but also yours
2 He not only spent all his money but also borrowed some from me
=> Not only did he spend all his money but also borrowed some from me
3 Harry not only broke his leg but also injured his shoulder
=> Not only did Harry break his leg but also injured his shoulder
Trang 214 He is both intelligent and handsome.
=> Not only is he intelligent but also handsome
5 She is impatient and dishonest
=> Not only is she impatient but dishonest as well
6 The bus not only crashed into a tree, but it also ran over a cat
=> Not only did the bus crash into a tree but it also ran over a cat.
7 She not only wrote the text but also selected the illustrations
=> Not only did she write the text but also selected the illustrations.
8 She is not only beautiful but also attractive
=> Not only is she beautiful but also attractive.
9 He translated not only fast but also correctly
=> Not did he translate fast but also correctly.
10 They are not only good at mathematics but also at science
=> Not only are they good at mathematics but also at science.
11 She not only sings but also dances
=> Not only does she sing but also dances.
IV Rewrite each of the following sentences with the given words in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed above it.
1 He had hardly left the office when the telephone rang
=> No sooner had he left the office than the telephone rang.
2 I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back
=> Hardly had I just put the phone down when the boss rang back.
3 He didn’t finish his work until the bell rang
=> Not until the bell rang did he finish his work
4 We only began to see the symptoms of the disease after several months
=> Only after several months did we begin to see the symptoms of the disease
5 A sleeping dog was lying under the table
=> Under the table was lying a sleeping dog
Trang 226 His brother had rarely been more excited
=> Rarely had his brother been more excited.
7 The facts were not all made public until later
=> Only until later were the facts all made public
8 If I had realized what would happen, I wouldn’t have accepted the job
=> Had I realized what would happen, I wouldn’t have accepted the job.
V Rewrite each of the following sentences with the given words in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed above it.
1 He only thought about having a holiday abroad after he retired
=> Only after he retired did he think about having a holiday abroad
2 I only realized how dangerous the situation had been when I got home
=> Only when I got home did I realize how dangerous the situation had been.
3 It wasn’t until last week that the Agriculture Minister admitted defeat
=> Only until last week did the Agriculture Minister admit defeat
4 I understood Hamlet only after seeing it on the stage
=> Only after seeing Hamlet on the stage did I understand it.
5 They didn’t get round to business until they had finished eating
=> Only until they had finished eating did they get around to business.
6 They had to wait for twelve hours before their flight left
=> Only after they had waited for 12 hours did their flight leave.
7 I didn’t realize who he was until later
=> Only later did I realize who he was.
8 The door could not be opened without using force
=> Only using force could the door be opened.
9 I won’t agree until Tom’s apologized
=> Only until Tom's apologized will I agree.
10.The only way you can become a good athlete is by training hard every day
=> Only by training hard every day can you become a good athlete.
Trang 23VI Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with SHOULD.
1 If the Government are forced into another election, it will be the favorite to win
=> Should the Government be forced into another election, it will be the favorite to win.
2 If you want to make an appointment to see Dr Simons, she is free after 9 A.M
=> Should you want to make an appointment to see Dr Simons, she is free after 9 A.M
3 If you have further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice
=> Should you have further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice.
4 If you decide to accept the post, you will be expected to start work on 1st April
=> Should you decide to accept the post, you will be expected to start work on 1st April
5 If we hear any further news, we will be in touch immediately
=> Should we hear any further news, we will be in touch immediately.
6 If you wish to take advantage of the offer, kindly tick the box on your order form
=> Should you wish to take advantage of the offer, kindly tick the box on your order form.
7 If you change your mind, there will always be a job for you here
=> Should you change your mind, there will always be a job for you here.
VII Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with WERE OR HAD
1 If the salary were high, the job would be worth doing => Were the salary high, the job
would be worth doing
2 Would you visit me if I were sent to prison?
=> Were I sent to prison would you visit me?
3 I didn’t see the signal, so I didn’t stop
=> Had I seen the signal I would have stopped.
4 If I were rich, I could afford to buy an expensive car
=> Were I rich and I could afford to buy an expensive car.
5 If I were you, I would tell him the truth
=> Were I you, I would tell him the truth.
6 If he weren’t busy right now, he could help them