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UNIT 5: ADVERBS

Nhóm 5: - Trần Mai Nam Phương

- Đoàn Thị Thanh Tâm

I Definition

V Comparison

IV Classification III Function

II Formation

MINI GAME

Where are adverbs ?

1 He drives carefully.

of my life.

something about the

action ( modify a verbs)

in a sentence, i.e telling

us how, when,

where,etc., something happens or is done.

II FORMATION.

1.Simple adverbs: often, very, ever,

ect

2.Derived adverbs: carefully,

completely, happily, ect.

3.Compound adverbs:

self-confidently, whole-heartedly, modally, ect.

3 COMPOUND ADVERBS:

Normally forming adverbs by adding –ly to adjectives, but not all –ly

words are adverbs, they may be adjectives

Many adverbs formed by adding –ly to adjectives

Regular general: Add –ly to adj, including those with thhe endings shown:

but notice full/fully

Other words endings with –e

Drop –e and add –y only:

able/ably regrettable/regrettably single/singly

Drop –e and add –ly:

due/duly true/truly

Consonant + -le

Vowel + -e

Words ending with –y: change –y to –i and add -ly

Happy/happily lazy/lazily dry/drily gay/gaily pretty/prettily

but shy/shyly

Words ending –ic: Add –ally

cryptic/cryptically ethnic/ethnically but public/publicly

Distinguish between adjectives and adverbs:

Not all related adjectives have exactly the same meanings with the equivalent adverbs :

It is our present problems ( now, current)

We’ll be there presently ( soon)

They are presently living in Vietnam (now, currently)

Some –ly words having same from for adjectives and adverbs :

Hourly daily nightly weekly fortnightly

monthly yearly early

Eg: What’s the point of having daily papers delivered weekly?

- But annual ( adj) and annually (adv); also kindly ( adverbs and old-fashioned adjective), through current adj is kind.

Some –ly words not adverbs, they are adjectives only, deriving from:

- noun & verbs: beastly, beggaredly, costly, cowardly, friendly, leisurely, likely, lovely,

masterly, misterly, worldly.

- adjectives: deadly, elderly, lively, lonely, lowly, sickly.

- others: silly, ugly

Eg: He acted in a cowardly way ( He acted cowardly)

They greeted us in a friendly manner ( They greeted us friendly)

Note also: deadly poison (adj) but fatally injured (adv).

adjective adverb -ly adverb

clear glass/writing, etc Stand clear of the

doors Speak clearly. You’re clearly right.

Close encounters Come close A closely guarded

secret

A direct train We drove direct to

Leeds It doesn’t directly concern me

It’s not easy Take it easy- there’s no

hurry You’ll pass the exam easily Fine hair/weather He’s doing fine now Finely chopped onion High hopes/ a high

roof Jump as high as you can We think highly of you.

A slow train The workforce is going

slow

The train was going

very slow

Sorry Wrong number. You’ve done it all

wrong I wrongly imagined that she loved me

Adjectives and adverbs with the same form (without –ly)

and derived adverbs.

Adjectives and adverbs without –ly

We use the ‑ly ending to add to adjectives to convert them to adverbs But many adverbs do not have the ‑ly ending

Some words have identical forms as adjectives and adverbs.

eg: Bang-bang! You’re dead => adj

You’re dead right, dead slow => adv

a-series:

- Adverbs: aboard abreast abroad ahead

aloud apart ashore aside

- Adjective or adverb: afloat, afoot, aloof, alone, amiss, astray

- End-position:

He lived alone.

Last year, they went abroad

Personally, I don’t like the plans. modifying the whole sentence (I don’t like the plans). It gives the speaker’s attitude We often use commas with the

adverb when it modifies the whole sentence.

Adverbs can modify verbs, adjectives, nouns, other

adverbs and whole phrases or sentences.

IV CLASSIFICATION:

1 Adverbs of Manner:  will explain how an action is carried out.

Eg:  She speaks English well. 

2 Adverbs of place : will help explain where an action happens

Eg: Here you are!

3 Adverbs of Frequency:  are used to express time or how often something occurs Eg: John is always on time.

4 Adverbs of Time:  while seemingly similar to adverbs of frequency, tell us when

something happens.

Eg: Last Monday, we took the final exams.

5 Adverbs of Purpose: help to describe why something happened

Eg: Because I was late, I jogged a little faster.

6: Adverbs of Quantity: describe quantity.

Eg: The champion has won the prize twice.

V COMPARISON:

The comparison of adverbs is similar to the comparison of adjectives, though not identical

1 Regular comparison :

The one-syllable adverbs use  er in the comparative form, and  est in the

superlative form. 

Adverbs which end in -ly or have three or more syllables each form the comparative with more and the superlative with most. 

V COMPARISON:

Exceptionally, with a few words, both types of

comparison are possible:

oftenest

quickly => more quickly/ quicker => most quickly/ quickest

2 Irregular comparison:

Examples:

Of the two teddy bears, which do you like better?

This has to be the farthest I have ever walked in my life.

Absolute Comparative Superlative

3 Not compared adverbs: here, there, now, then, when, where, why, how

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