Bài tập chuyển câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp có cách làm, hướng dẫn trả lời cụ thể từng câu. Cách chuyển câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp Bước 1: Đánh dấu các từ cần thay đổi (chỉ đổi phần trong ngoặc kép). Gồm: đại từ nhân xưng, đại từ chỉ định; tính từ sở hữu; đại từ sở hữu; đại từ phản thân; động từ (Khi không có động từ khuyết thiếu); trạng từ. Bước 2: Xác định loại câu. Có 3 loại câu + câu khẳng định; phủ định + câu hỏi đảo; câu hỏi lựa chọn + câu hỏi dùng từ để hỏi Bước 3: Xác định thì của động từ và lùi lại 1 thì về quá khứ ) Chuyển các đại từ nhân xưng; tính từ sở hữu; đại từ sở hữu; đại từ phản thân
Trang 1Cách chuyển câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp Bước 1: Đánh dấu các từ cần thay đổi (chỉ đổi phần trong ngoặc kép) Gồm: đại từ
nhân xưng, đại từ chỉ định; tính từ sở hữu; đại từ sở hữu; đại từ phản thân; động từ (Khi không có động từ khuyết thiếu); trạng từ
Bước 2: Xác định loại câu Có 3 loại câu
+ câu khẳng định; phủ định
+ câu hỏi đảo; câu hỏi lựa chọn
+ câu hỏi dùng từ để hỏi
Bước 3: - Xác định thì của động từ và lùi lại 1 thì về quá khứ )
- Chuyển các đại từ nhân xưng; tính từ sở hữu; đại từ sở hữu; đại từ phản thân
- Chuyển các trạng từ chỉ thời gian ; nơi chốn
Lưu ý: 1 Đối với câu hỏi đảo ; câu hỏi lựa chọn : ta thêm từ “If” hoặc “Whether”
vào cuối phần ngoài ngoặc kép rồi chuyển phần trong ngoặc kép thành câu khẳng
định hoặc phủ định rồi làm theo bước 3 như trên.
2 Đối với câu hỏi dùng từ để hỏi: Ta viết từ để hỏi ở cuối phần ngoài ngoặc
kép Phần còn lại ta chuyển thành câu khẳng định hoặc phủ định rồi làm theo bước 3
như trên
3 Bỏ dấu ngoặc kép; dấu hai chấm và dấu chấm hỏi
Cụ thể :
1 Đối với động từ:
Hiện tại đơn
Hiện tại tiếp diễn
Quá khứ đơn
Will + V
Shall + V
Can +V
May + V
Must +V
Have / has to +V
Quá khứ đơn Quá khứ tiếp diễn Quá khứ đơn ( giữ nguyên ) Would +V
Should +V Could +V Might + V Had to +V Had to +V
Bảng 1
2 Đối với đại từ, tính từ sở hữu :
Câu trực tiếp Câu gián tiếp
+ Đại từ làm chủ ngữ
I
We
You
This
These
I / He / she (tương ứng người nói ) They (tương ứng người nói )
I / he/ she / they (tương ứng người nghe) That
Those
Trang 2+ Đại từ làm tân ngữ
Me
Us
You
+ Tính từ sở hữu
My
Our
Your
Him / her (tương ứng người nói ) Them (tương ứng người nói )
Me / him / her / them (tương ứng người nghe )
His/her(tương ứng của người nói) Their(tương ứng của người nói )
My / his / her / their (tương ứng của người nghe )
Bảng 2
3 Đối với trạng từ :
Now
Today
Tonight
Tomorrow
Yesterday
Last night
Ago
Here
This
These
Next
Then That day That night The next / following day The day before
The night before Before
There That Those The following
Bảng 3
VD : Đổi câu sau sang câu gián tiếp (change the sentence into reported speech)
Mr Ba said: “ I stay here with my son.”
Lập luận :
Bước 1 : Các từ cần thay đổi trong ngoặc kép
I stay here with my son
Bước 2 : Đây là câu khẳng định
Bước 3 :
+ Động từ chia ở thì hiện tại đơn nên : stay -> stayed.( bảng 1 )
+ I -> He ; my -> his ( vì chủ ngữ và tính từ sở hữu tương ứng với Mr Ba )
(bảng 2)
+ here -> there (bảng 3)
Vậy đáp án là : Mr Ba said he stayed there with his son
Trang 3Bài tập
I Viết lại các câu sau sử dụng cách nói gián tiếp.
1 “Open the door,” he said to them
- He told them
2 “Where are you going?” he asked her
- He asked her where
3 “Which way did they go?” he asked
- He asked
4 “Bring it back if it doesn’t fit”, I said to her
- I told
5 “Don’t try to open it now,” she said to us
- She told
6 “Is it going to be a fine day today?” I asked her
- I asked her
7 “He’s not at home”, she said
- She said that
8 “Is the bus station far away?” the girl asked
- The girl wanted to know
9 “Don’t stay out late, Ann” Tom said
- Tom told Ann
10 “Please let me borrow your car,” he said to her
- He asked
11 “Jean, have you seen my gloves?” Thomas asked
- Thomas asked Jean
12 Don’t leave the window open, Mary”, I said
- I told Mary
13 “I’ll have a cup of tea with you,” she said
She said that
14 “I’ll pay him if I can” she said
- She said that
15 “What are you going to do next summer?” she asked
- She asked us
16 “I’ll phone you tomorrow,” he told Jack
- He told Jack that
17 “Can I sit beside you, Jean?” Tom asked
- Tom asked Jean
18 “I want a camera for my birthday,” he said
- He said that
19 “Don’t keep the door locked,” he said to us
- He told us
20 “How long are you going to stay?” I asked him
- I asked him how long
21 “Are you going by train?” she asked me
Trang 4- She wanted to know .
22 “Don’t use too much hot water,” she said to us
- She asked us
23 “Will you come to my party?” she said to me
- She invited me
24 “Don’t do it again,” she said to them
She told them
25 “ Did Mr Brown send the potatoes to you?” she asked
- She asked
26 “Don’t get your shoes dirty, boys,” she said
- She told
27 “What do you want for lunch today, Peter?” Mary asked
- Mary asked
28 “Can I borrow your typewriter, Janet?” asked Peter
- Peter asked if
29 “Why didn’t I get a computer before?” thought the office manager
- The office manager wondered
30 “You had better not lend him any more money, Elizabeth,’’ said John
- John advised Elizabeth
31 “You stole my best cassette, Amanda!” said John
- John accused
32 “ You damaged my bicycle, John!” said Mary
- Mary accused
33 “When was your little boy born?” said the nurse to Mrs Bingley
- The nurse asked Mrs Bingley
34 “You should take more exercise, Mr Robert,” the doctor said
- The doctor advised
35 “Will I find a job?”, Tim said to himself
- Tim wondered
36 “I’m sorry I gave you the wrong number,” said Paul to Susan
- Paul apologized
37 “When is the first day of your holiday, Peter?” Martha asked
- Martha asked Peter when
38 “Can I have a new bicycle?” said Anna to her mother
- Anna asked 39 “Don’t leave the house until I get back, William”, his mother said
- William’s mother told
40 “Don’t bite your nails,” said Mrs Rogers to her son
- Mrs Rogers told
41 “I’ve seen the film three times, Mary” said George
- George said
42 “I’m sorry, Angela,” said Martin, “I’m afraid I’ve damaged your car
- Martin apologized
Trang 543 “Have you had enough for lunch?” the landlady asked us.
- The landlady asked
44 “ John, please don’t tell anyone my new address,” said Mary
- Mary asked
45 “Breakfast will not be served after 9 30” said the notice
- The notice said that
46 “Where is the best place to buy souvenirs?”
- I asked
47 “Don’t forget to bring your passport with you tomorrow”
- She reminded me
48 “Do not write on the wall,” said the teacher to the boys
- The teacher told the boys………
49 “How many jobs have you had since 2000?” the interviewer asked Mr Simpson
- The interviewer asked
50 “Why didn’t you report the incident to the police?” the officer asked the
frightened witness
- The officer wanted to know
Đáp án bài tập I
I Viết lại các câu sau sử dụng cách nói gián tiếp.
1 “Open the door,” he said to them
- He told them to open the door R
2 “Where are you going?” he asked her
- He asked her where.is she going Where she was going
3 “Which way did they go?” he asked
- He asked they went
Which way they went
4 “Bring it back if it doesn’t fit”, I said to her
- I told her to bring it back if it doesn’t fit I told her to bring it back if it didn't fit
5 “Don’t try to open it now,” she said to us
- She told.us to don’t try to open it now
She told us not to try to open it then
6 “Is it going to be a fine day today?” I asked her
- I asked her it is going to be a fine day to day
I asked her if it was going to be a fine day that
day
7 “He’s not at home”, she said
- She said that.he is not at home She said (that) he was not at
home
Trang 68 “Is the bus station far away?” the girl asked.
- The girl wanted to know
The girl asked if the bus station far away Hoặc The girl wanted to know the bus station was far away
9 “Don’t stay out late, Ann” Tom said
- Tom told Ann to don’t stay out late
Tom told Ann not to stay out late
10 “Please let me borrow your car,” he said to her
- He asked.her to let him borrow her car
R
11 “Jean, have you seen my gloves?” Thomas asked
- Thomas asked Jean.if you have seen my gloves Thomas asked Jean if Jean had seen Thomas’s gloves
Trong trường hợp không xác định được giới tính thì dùng tên riêng với sở hữu cách
https://efc.edu.vn/cach-dung-huu-cach-trong-tieng-anh
12 Don’t leave the window open, Mary”, I said
- I told Mary to don’t leave the window open
I told Mary not to leave the window open
13 “I’ll have a cup of tea with you,” she said
She said that she’ll have a cup of tea with i
She said that she would have a cup of tea with me
14 “I’ll pay him if I can” she said
- She said that she’ll pay him if she can
She said that she would pay him if she could
15 “What are you going to do next summer?” she asked
- She asked us what am i going to do next summer
she asked what I was going to do the following summer
16 “I’ll phone you tomorrow,” he told Jack
- He told Jack that.he’ll phone him tomorrow
He told Jack that he would phone Jack the following day
17 “Can I sit beside you, Jean?” Tom asked
- Tom asked Jean
Tom asked Jean if Tom could sit beside Jean
18 “I want a camera for my birthday,” he said
- He said that he want a camera for his birthday
He said that he wanted a camera for his birthday
19 “Don’t keep the door locked,” he said to us
- He told us to don’t keep the door locked
He said to us not to keep the door locked (told ai đó = said to ai đó)
20 “How long are you going to stay?” I asked him
- I asked him how long is he going to stay
I asked him how long he was going to stay
21 “Are you going by train?” she asked me
Trang 7- She wanted to know am i going by train.
she asked me if I was going by train
22 “Don’t use too much hot water,” she said to us
- She asked us.to don’t use too much hot water
she said to us not to use too much hot water
23 “Will you come to my party?” she said to me
- She invited me come to her party
she said to me if I would come to her party
24 “Don’t do it again,” she said to them
She told them to don’t do it again
she said to them not to do it again
25 “ Did Mr Brown send the potatoes to you?” she asked
- She asked me to did mr brown send the potatoes to me
she asked (me) if Mr Brown sent the potatoes to me
26 “Don’t get your shoes dirty, boys,” she said
- She told boys to don’t get their shoes dirty
she said to boys not to get their shoes dirty
27 “What do you want for lunch today, Peter?” Mary asked
- Mary asked peter what does he want for lunch to day
Mary asked Peter what he wanted for lunch that day
28 “Can I borrow your typewriter, Janet?” asked Peter
- Peter asked if he can borrow his typewriter
Peter asked Janet if he could borrow Janet’s typewriter
29 “Why didn’t I get a computer before?” thought the office manager
- The office manager wondered
The office manager thought hoặc wondered (phân vân) why he/she got hoặc had gotten a computer before
30 “You had better not lend him any more money, Elizabeth,’’ said John
- John advised Elizabeth.she had better not lend him any more money
John said to hoặc advised (khuyên nhủ) Elizabeth (that) Elizabeth / she had better not lend him any more money
31 “You stole my best cassette, Amanda!” said John
- John accused amanda that she stole his best cassette
John said to hoặc accused (buộc tội) Amanda that she stole hoặc had stolen his best cassette
32 “ You damaged my bicycle, John!” said Mary
- Mary accused john that he damaged her bicycle
Mary accused John that he damaged her bicycle
33 “When was your little boy born?” said the nurse to Mrs Bingley
- The nurse asked Mrs Bingley.that when was her little boy born
The nurse asked Mrs Bingley when her little boy was born
34 “You should take more exercise, Mr Robert,” the doctor said
- The doctor advised mr.robert that he should take more exercise
Trang 8The doctor advised Mr Robert that he ought to take more exercise.
35 “Will I find a job?”, Tim said to himself
- Tim wondered to himself that he will find a job will
Tim said to himself hoặc wondered if he would find a job
36 “I’m sorry I gave you the wrong number,” said Paul to Susan
- Paul apologized to susan that he is sorry he gave she the wrong
number
Paul apologized to Susan that he gave her the wrong number
Hoặc Paul apologized to Susan for giving her the wrong number
37 “When is the first day of your holiday, Peter?” Martha asked
- Martha asked Peter when.is the first of his holiday
Martha asked Peter when the first of his holiday was
38 “Can I have a new bicycle?” said Anna to her mother
- Anna asked to her mother that can she has a new bicycle
Anna asked her mother if she could have a new bicycle
39 “Don’t leave the house until I get back, William”, his mother said
- William’s mother told him to don’t leave the house until she get
William’s mother asked him not to leave the house until she got back
40 “Don’t bite your nails,” said Mrs Rogers to her son
- Mrs Rogers told her son to don’t bite her nails
Mrs Rogers said to hoặc advised her son not to bite his nails
41 “I’ve seen the film three times, Mary” said George
- George said to mary that she’ve seen the film three times
George said to Mary that George had seen the film three times
42 “I’m sorry, Angela,” said Martin, “I’m afraid I’ve damaged your car
- Martin apologized to angela that she is sorry , she is afraid she’ve damaged her car Martin apologized to Angela that she had damaged Martin’s car
Xem câu 36
43 “Have you had enough for lunch?” the landlady asked us
- The landlady asked us that have i had enough for lunch
The landlady asked us if we had had enough for lunch
44 “ John, please don’t tell anyone my new address,” said Mary
- Mary asked.john to don’t tell anyone her new address
Mary told John not to tell anyone her new address
45 “Breakfast will not be served after 9 30” said the notice
- The notice said that
The notice notified hoặc informed that Breakfast would not be served after 9.30
46 “Where is the best place to buy souvenirs?”
- I asked.that where is the best place to buy souvenirs
I asked where the best place was to buy souvenirs
47 “Don’t forget to bring your passport with you tomorrow”
- She reminded me to don’t forget to my passport with me tomorrow
She reminded me not to forget to bring my passport with me the following day
Trang 948 “Do not write on the wall,” said the teacher to the boys.
- The teacher told the boys…to do not write on the wall
The teacher told the boys not to write on the wall
49 “How many jobs have you had since 2000?” the interviewer asked Mr Simpson
- The interviewer asked mr.simpson that how many jobs have him had since 2000 The interviewer asked Mr Simpson how many jobs he had had since 2000
50 “Why didn’t you report the incident to the police?” the officer asked the
frightened witness
- The officer wanted to know that why didn’t the frightened witness report the
incident to the plice
The officer wanted to know why the frightened witness reported the incident to the police
Bài tập về câu trực tiếp – gián tiếp lần 2
I Chuyển sang câu gián tiếp (đã có sẵn phần ngoài ngoặc kép)
1 “I went to see him yesterday”, she said
She said……… ……
2 “I don’t want to meet him again”, she said
She said……… …… ………
3 “Can you swim?”, he asked me
He asked me……… ………
4 He explained, “I didn’t break the vase”
He expained……… ………
5 My mother said, “I am cooking now”
My mother said……… ……… ………
6 “What time does John get up?”, he asked me
He wanted to know………… ………
7 “I like this book”, he said
He said……… ………
8 “How beautiful she is!”
He exclaimed ………
9 “Have you ever seen that film?”, he asked me
He asked me……… ………
10 “I went to Do Son last week”, she said
She said……… ………
II Chuyển đổi thành câu gián tiếp
1 He said: “I am happy today.”
2 Nina asked me: “Do you love this dress?
3 Tom said to her: “Turn right, please!”
4 Sam said: “I didn’t sleep yesterday.”
Trang 105 Vicky told me: “I am writing a letter for you.”
6 Tommy said: “I have worked for 3 months.”
7 He asked me: “What did you do yesterday?”
8 He said: “I love this hat.”
9 My mother said to me: “Don’t run!”
10 He asked me: “What have you got?”
11 He said: “How beautiful nature is in fall.”
12 He said to her: “I will see you on Sunday.”
13 She said: “I was married in the home of my parents.”
14 Nina said: “I am in church now.”
15 My mother said to me: “The dogs of your sister are cute.”
16 He said: “I play the piano.”
17 My sister said to me: “keep silent!”
18 My teacher asked me: “What are you going to do on Sunday?”
19 He said: “Life is very hard for some people.”
20 Vicky said: “I am tired now.”
III Chuyển đổi thành câu trực tiếp
1 He told me that he had slept for 3 hours
2 He said that the plane had arrived an hour late
3 He said that he had seen that movie
4 She said that she had finished her report
5 He asked me how long I had been married
6 She told me not to go away
7 John said that he was handsome
8 Nina said that they were going to visit her on Sunday
9 He said that he could understand that problem
10 Sam said that he had got a terrible headache