Hiệu quả giáo dục chính trị tư tưởng cho cán bộ, chiến sĩ ở bộ an ninh nhân dân lào tt tiếng anh

Regarding the public security forces of Lao PDR, political & ideological education is the decisive factor to ensure the absolute loyalty to the Party, the State and the Lao tribes of the

INTRODUCTION

1 The urgency of the topic

As an activity in the work of thought of the Party, political & ideological education contributes to the formation of the communist’s personality With the main goal of building trust, political & ideological education holds the leading role in the buidling of the Party Regarding the public security forces of Lao PDR, political & ideological education is the decisive factor to ensure the absolute loyalty to the Party, the State and the Lao tribes of the officers and soldiers who always have the resilient revoluntary will, strong determination, clear moral quality, solid professional qualifications, willingness to receive and successfully complete all tasks entrusted by the Party, the State and the people

After more than half a century of building, fighting and maturing, the Lao Public Security forces have never been afraid of hardship, difficulties, always upholding the spirit of devotion, selflessness, willingness to sacrifice themselves for the sake of the country and people, considering the interests of the country and people as the goal and the highest ideal to strive for Continuous victories of the generations of security officials and soldiers have fostered the glorious tradition of the Lao public security forces Such achivements come from the fact that the Central Public Security Party Committee and the Ministry of Public Security are always aware of the significance and importance of political & ideological education in building public security forces Over the past years, the Party Committee and the Ministry of Public Security have had many guidelines and measures to lead, direct and strengthen the political & ideological education, focusing especially

on effective implementation of key and breakthrough work, thereby creating positive changes in the implementation of political tasks and building of security forces The order and discipline are increasingly tightened, the sense of responsibility and effectiveness in all fields of work are raised First of all, there

is a change in awareness as well as the observance of the Party’s and State’s guidelines, directives, orders, disciplines and regulation, implementation of regulations, working processes, postures and ceremonies, the cultural lifestyle

of security officials and soldiers, implementing the goal of building a regular, elite and modern revolutionary public security force who effectively undertake the task of protecting the national security, maintaining social order and safety, creating a peaceful and stable environment, contributing to boosting the country’s socio-economic development

The Ministry of Public Security is the strategic agency under directly Lao PDR government, whose main function is to fulfill the state management of social security and safety; counter-intelligence; crime prevention investigation; fire prevention, fighting and rescue; criminal judgment enforcement, judgment enforcement without temporary and definite imprisonment; judicial protection and support; and also the State management toward public services in the

sectors and areas under the Ministry’s management, particularly, this is the agency in charge of managing the public security forces of Lao PDR In order

to fulfill the mission of national security protection during the revolutionary periods, the Ministry of Public Security must conduct many tasks synchronously, in which political & ideological education for publics security officials and soldiers of those agencies at the Ministry level plays a very important role Political & ideological education not only teaches every official and soldier how to have the right, positive and self-motivating motivation in implementing tasks but also the fostering of beliefs, loyalty to the Party Therefore, improving the efficiency of political & ideological education for officials and soldiers of the Ministry of Public Security aims not only at completing the political tasks of an agency at Ministry level, but also contributing to strengthening the political strength of the entire security force, meeting the immediate and long-term requirements and tasks of the Lao revolutionary career

Being deeply aware of the position and role of political & ideological education, over the past years, the Ministry of Public Security has always focused and implemented many measures to improve the efficiency of political

& ideological education for officials and soldiers The achievemets have made important contributions to help the Ministry of Security fulfill its mission as a strategic agency of the Party and State in protecting national security and building a comprehensively strong unit However, besides the achievements, the effectiveness of political & ideological education for officials and soldiers,

it is still not commensurate with the comprehensive purpose and investment of the Ministry Political awareness, belief in the Party’s goals and ideals, the self-awareness in political activities of officials and soldiers is still limited In addition, the cause of building public security forces during the new revolutionary period in the the fierce resistance of hostile forces required the effectiveness of political & ideological education for officers and soldiers of the public security forces in general, and the officials and soldiers of the Ministry agency in particular to be raised to a new height

Researching to clarify theoretical issues about the effectiveness of political & ideological education; Surveying and assessing the reality and proposing solutions to improve the effectiveness of political & ideological education for officials and soldiers of the Ministry of Public Security is an urgent issue which not only conveys a practical significance for the Ministry

of Public Security but also contributes to supplementing and completing the theory of the effectiveness of the Lao People's Democratic Republic

2 Research purposes

On the basis of researching to clarify the theoretical and practical issues of research issues, the dissertation proposes pointviews and some solutions to

improve the effectiveness of political & ideological education for officials and soldiers of the Ministry of Public security of Lao PDR in the time to come

3 Research tasks

- Researching to clarify basic theoretical issues about effectiveness of political & ideological education for officials and soldiers of the public security forces

- Evaluating the reality of the effectiveness of political & ideological education for officials and soldiers of the Ministry of Public Security in recent years and identifying issues that need to be solved

- Proposing pointviews and some solutions to improve the effectiveness of political & ideological education for officials and soldiers of the Ministry of Public Security in the Lao PDR currently

4 Subjects and scope of research

- The object of research is the effectiveness of political & ideological education for officials and soldiers of the Ministry of Public Security

- Scope of research: the political & ideological education for officials and soldiers of the Ministry of Public Security of Lao PDR Survey time is from

2012 to present

5 Theoretical & practical basis and research methods

- The dissertation is based on the Principles of Marxism - Leninism, thought of Kaysone Phomvihane; views of Lao People's Revolutionary Party on political & ideological education in general and political & ideological education for the public security forces in particular; resolutions and directives

of the Party and laws of the Lao PDR on education, training and building of cadres; the absorption, inheritance and selection of research results from scientific works of Lao PDR, Vietnam and related countries

- The dissertation’s study is based on the summary reports and evaluation

of political & ideological education; Actual survey results of political & ideological education and effectivenes of political & ideological education for officials and soldiers at the Ministry of Public Security in the scope of research The thesis employs the interdisciplinary research methods of the sciences: Politics, Pedagogics, Sociology, Psychology in which method of Politics is the mainstream

Specific methods: history and logistics, analysis and synthesis, comparison, system, induction, interpretation, statistics, document research, practical observation, etc

- Historical and logical methods: Using historical materials and events, selecting typical cases to systematize and model events At the same time, things and phenomena must be placed in the process of mobilization and development according to objective rules, in the relation and interaction with objects and related phenomena The logical and historical method is also used

to generalize domestic and foreign research issues according to the identified

topics and issues and presented according to the time of publication of the research works

- Methods of synthesis and analysis: These are the methods used to collect and evaluate sources of material, exploit information from available sources, including documents of the Party and the State, the periodic and thematic reports of the Ministry of Public Security, domestic and foreign research works related to the topic Regarding the effectiveness of political & ideological education, the dissertation employs the method of analyzing collected materials and sociological survey sheets in the survey area Both quantitative and qualitative content analysis is applied

- Comparison method: Comparing and contrasting the purpose with the results, between the results with the mobilization of resources for political & ideological education, thereby assessing the advantages and limitations of each press type At the same time, the author compares and comments on the views

of both domestic and foreign authors on the research issues

- The systematic method allows to consider and study problems in general,

in relation and interaction with things and other phenomena in the system Accordingly, with this method, the research issue of the effectiveness of political & ideological education for officials and soldiers of the Ministry of Public Security needs to be placed in a control relationship with the effectiveness of political & ideological education for the officials and party members in general and for officials and soldiers of the public security forces in particular in dialectical relations with the impact of many factors such as traditional factors, era factors, domestic factors, international factors, objective and subjective factors, etc

- Inductive and interpretive methods are used to clarify the content, method, and form of political & ideological education

- Statistical method used for the statistics of documents, numbers, events, data, etc obtained during the research and information gathering process

Methods of collecting and processing information:

- Materials research methods: Collecting and arranging domestic and international sources of material related to the topic, from perspectives, theory to statistical data, scientific and analytical works clarifying issues related to the theoretical basis, methodology and practical issues posed by the topic

6 New scientific contributions of the dissertation

- Developing and completing the criteria for evaluating the effectiveness

of political & ideological education for officials and soldiers of the public

security forces

- Summarizing of contradictions that need to be solved in improving the effectiveness of political & ideological education for officials and soldiers the Ministry of Public Security of Lao PDR

- Proposing pointviews and solutions in the perspective of scientific and ideological aspect to improve the effectiveness of political & ideological education

7 Practical significance of the dissertation

- Research results contribute to increasing knowledge about the efficiency

of political & ideological education in particular and the effectiveness of work

of thought in general

- Providing scientific arguments for leaders and commanders of the Ministry of Public Security to set up pointviews and measures to improve the effectiveness of political & ideological education for officials and soldiers of the Ministry’s agencies

- Research results can be used as the professional documents for political officials of the Ministry of Public Security; references in research, security and politics teaching and learning in Lao security schools as well as the majors in ideology in Vietnamese academies and universities

8 Structure of the dissertation

The structure of the dissertation includes: introduction, 4 chapters, 11 periods, conclusions, references and appendices

Chapter 1 SUMMARY OF RESEARCH WORKS RELATING TO TOPIC

1.1 As for the concept of Political-ideological education

Political-ideological education is the term used by many sciences such

as: Party building, politics, education, military psychology, etc Depending on the nature, characteristics, purposes, research requirements there are different approaches Eg:

Cuốn “Soviet Military Encyclopedic Dictionary” (Russian language) defines: “Political-ideological education in the armed forces is a system of measures to help officers and soldiers become qualified in terms of professional skills and ideology and ready to complete all combat missions to win the war”

In the “Innovating the work of ideological and political education for cadres and party members” book, author Vũ Ngọc Am defines: the work of ideological and political education is “the process of organizing education, spreading the ideology of the working class to the people, essentially the process of spreading and educating Marxism - Leninism, Ho Chi Minh ideology, credo, ways, views and guidances and policies of the Party, the State's laws for cadres, party members and people”

Author Nguyễn Văn Cần in the doctoral thesis in Philosophy called

“Improving the quality of political-ideological education in security forces before the new requirements of the ideological struggle in our country today”, gives another definition: Political-ideological education in security forces is a

process of purposeful, organized, systematic impact of the Party on the consciousness of cadres and soldiers to spread basic political ideas, the cores herein are Marxism-Leninism, Ho Chi Minh ideology, Party's guidances and policies and the laws of the State, making them infiltrate, occupying an absolute dominance in the spiritual life and orientation of thoughts and actions of officers and soldiers; build them a worldview, scientific methodology, strong political belief, humanism of communism; fostering their capacity to carry out the Party's political ideologies in combat and all other socio-political activities; gather, unite, encourage and promote them to take active and creative actions for ideals, goals of national independence and socialism, contributing to firmly consolidating the Party's ideological battlefield in the security forces…

So, Political-Ideological Education from the scientific perspective of ideological work and political education, it is a practical task, although they are all part of the ideological work, there are differences in purpose, content, position, the relationship with the work of ideology

1.2 As for the concept of effectiveness and criteria to evaluate the effectiveness of political-ideological education

1.2.1 As for the concept of effectiveness of political-ideological education

The “Ideological activity of the Soviet Communist Party” comes up with the concept of an effective ideological work “…is the correlation between the outcome of the ideological impact achieved and the goals of building enlightened communism and human communist virtue”

In Vietnam, the efficiency issue is concerned both in the field of material and spiritual production In economics, effectiveness is a basic concept and clearly delineated with the concept of results and quality The result is the whole product that the manufacturing process produces, including quantity and quality, in which the quality is the properties of the product that can meet user’s needs

The doctoral dissertation of author Lương Ngọc Vĩnh also introduced the concept of effectiveness of political-ideological education in a more

specific way, which is “the correlation between perceived political knowledge and forming political beliefs and the socio-political activeness of the subject after the educational impact of the subject for the purpose of identifying and using resources appropriately to achieve that outcome under specific conditions”

The “Theoretical basis of ideological works” book by author Lương

Khắc Hiếu, issued by the National Political Publishing House in 2017, launched a new concept about the effectiveness of ideological work: it is

“correlation between perceived political knowledge, forming political beliefs and socio-political activism in the subject after its educational impact with the identified purpose and resource cost to achieve that result under specific

conditions”

Through the above-mentioned studies, it can be seen that the effectiveness of ideological work, political-ideological education or political-ideological education work is a matter of great concern to domestic and foreign scientists Most works say that the effect is the correlation or comparison between results with purpose and cost Some have mentioned the concept of resources instead of using capital rather sensitive capital in the field of ideology Some only refer to comparisons between cost and outcome factors or between results and goals Not only giving the concept,

the research works also give classification and factors affecting the

effectiveness of ideological work

1.2.2 As for the criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of ideological education

political-In the “Party-politics works in the Soviet armed forces” book, Soviet scientists said:" The measure of the results of political education for the people is, of course, specific works Communism ideology - it is a sustainable alloy of knowledge, beliefs and practical actions”

The "On the ideological work of the Communist Party of Vietnam" book by author Đào Duy Quát gives three criteria for evaluating the effectiveness, including: completing political tasks; the maturity of cadres, Party members and the people; strong and clean organizations At the national level, the effectiveness of ideological work is political stability; economic, social, cultural development, strengthened defense and security; Advanced international reputation In addition, it is possible to evaluate the effectiveness of ideological work according to three constituent parts (morphology) or by means and tools of ideological work: research agencies, political schools, rapporteur, communication mass news, culture - arts, social survey, etc

In the “Professional work of propaganda” book published by Central

Propaganda Department in 2008, the authors stated that: The effectiveness of ideological work is assessed through the ideological changes of the classes and the whole society, reflected in economic, political and social results , movements according to the levels: long-term, immediate, direct

1.3 On the effectiveness of political - ideological education for security forces officers and soldiers

Up to the time of researching the topic, there are a number of works addressing this issue such as:

Scientific topics at basic level: "The work of capturing, solving and reporting on the status of ideology of officers and soldiers of the People's Police – Realities and solutions" by the Department of Political Affairs, Ministry of Public Security and Ministry-level Scientific Topic: "Solutions to improve the effectiveness of ideological mission of the People's Public Security Forces in

the current situation" by Dang Thai Giap; the Book "Syllabus of Party mission, political mission for the People's Public Security" by Dinh Ngoc Hoa; "Building strong and clean grassroots party organizations associated with building a comprehensive strong base unit in security forces of the Lao People's Democratic Republic today ", by the Faculty of Party Mission, Political Affairs

- People's Security Academy

In general, the solutions are all aimed at resolving the problems of subjects, objects, objective social environment and innovating elements and parts of ideological work itself In particular, most of the works are mentioning about raising awareness, enhancing the innovation of leadership, direction of committees, commanders at all levels for ideological work; promoting the synergy of organizations, forces, all fields; improving the quality of the contingent of political cadres; promoting the positive, self-discipline studying and training of the subjects Then moving on to the measures: combining political education with organizing revolutionary action movement, building a strong and comprehensive unit; continuing to renovate the content and form of ideological work; building a healthy and good educational cultural environment; ensuring and promoting the effect of facilities, instruments

1.4 Achievements and issues that need further research

1.4.1 Basic achievements

- The ideological work has a main activity of spreading political content for the purpose of raising awareness, forming beliefs and encouraging positive, self-conscious political actions of the subjects Whether approaching as an activity or a work of the Party, this activity has the purpose of shaping the political quality, capacity or culture for the object The subject is the Communist Party, particularly party organizations, socio-political organizations, officials, party members, and political workers

- Most of the authors acknowledge that the effectiveness of ideological or politic- ideology education is the correlation between outcome and purpose and cost of resources

- Point out the criteria or standard for evaluating the effectiveness of ideological work

- Stating requirements, proposing many solutions to improve the effectiveness of ideological work in general and in localities, agencies and units

in particular

1.4.2 Issues that need further study

On the basis of inheriting the researched results, being a Lao graduate student studying in Vietnam, for the identified purpose, the author continues the research to clarify the following issues:

- Systematize and perfect the concept of Political-Ideological Education for officials and soldiers of the security forces according to the scientific perspective of ideological work, especially identifying clearly the constituent

elements of Political-Ideological Education activities as a basis for building concepts and criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of Political -Ideological Education

- Concretize the general theory of the effectiveness of Political –Ideological Education in a specific subject, as in here is the officers and soldiers

of the Lao People's Security Ministry

- Examining and summarizing practices at the Ministry of Public Security

to confirm and clarify theoretical issues studied

- Proposing new and specific solutions from the perspective of scientific ideological work to improve the effectiveness of Political-Ideological Education for officers and soldiers under the Ministry of Public Security

Among the issues mentioned above, the proposal of new solutions to improve the effectiveness of Political -Ideological Education for officials and soldiers of the Ministry of Security is of the utmost importance As in the point

of view of Marxism–Leninism political theory, the purpose of human action is not only to perceive the world but more importantly to improve the world

By pointing out the issues that need further study, it can be affirmed, the thesis topic has identified a separate direction, not duplicated with any previous research

Sub-conclusion

The security force is a sharp tool of the Party and Government of Lao PDR in maintaining security and social order and safety To accomplish its task, the entire force must carry out Political-Ideological Education in order to build and foster political qualities and capacity for cadres and soldiers and develop the party members and build a strong security forces in the field of politics

Political-Ideological Education is an important activity aimed at equipping political knowledge, forming political beliefs and promoting the socio-political activism of officials and soldiers Political -Ideological Education for officials and soldiers in the security forces has its own characteristics in a favorable direction and requires high efficiency

The effectiveness of Political-Ideological Education is the correlation between results and resources Assess the results of Political-Ideological Education based on two criteria groups: outcome criteria and resource use

Improving the effectiveness of Political-Ideological Education for officers and soldiers of security forces is an objective and urgent requirement stemming from the strategic role of security forces, from the role of Political -Ideological Education in shaping the political quality of security forces officers and soldiers and from the requirements of the revolutionary task in the new period as well as the limitations and weaknesses in the Political-Ideological Education of security forces today

Chapter 2 THE EFFECTIVENESS OF POLITICAL AND IDEOLOGICAL EDUCATION FOR OFFICIALS AND SOLDIERS OF THE LAO

MINISTRY OF PUBLIC SECURITY THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ISSUES

2.1 Political and ideological education and Political and ideological education for officials and soldiers of the Lao public security forces

2.1.1 Political and ideological education the Lao People's Revolutionary Party

Political and ideological education is an activity of the work of thought aimed at spreading the Party’s ideologies, lines and views, State policies and laws, political knowledge and traditions of the Party and Lao tribes, domestic and international political events to form political qualities for cadres, party members and people in the process of building and protecting the country

2.1.2 Political and ideological education for officials and soldiers of the Lao public security forces

Political and ideological education for officials and soldiers of the Lao public security forces is an activity of the work of thought of the Party in the revolutionary armed forces in order to spread the Marxism-Leninism, ideology

of Kaysone Phomvihane, lines and views of the Party; policies and laws of the State; political knowledge of mankind, the political tradition of the nation, the Party and security forces; domestic and international political situation, etc to build political qualities and capacities for officals and soldiers of the public security forces

The nature of political & ideological education for officials and soldiers is the process of education and self-education to transform the political requirements and values of society and security forces into the quality and political capacity of the public security officials and soldiers through performing professional tasks, organizing life and relationships in the working unit and society

The purpose of political & ideological education is to raise political awareness, build political beliefs and promote political-social positivity for officials and soldiers Content of political & ideological education covers all political knowledge Form of political & ideological education is very rich, diverse, integrated into other activities of the unit Political & ideological education uses all methods, facilities, means and infrastructure with the principles of the work of thought

The subject of the political & ideological education for officials and soldiers is a very diverse and closely organized system in the security force, including: the subject of leadership, direction and management; the subject of directly leadership and implementation; subject of Participation; subjects of

supporting, officials and soldiers, etc These subjects are also the subject of the political & ideological education

Stemming from the relationship of politics with other forms of social awareness, political & ideological education has a close relationship with moral education, legal education, aesthetic education, etc

2.2 The effectiveness of political and ideological education for officials and soldiers of the Lao public security force

2.2.1 Concept of the effectiveness of political and ideological education for officials and soldiers of the Lao public security force

The effectiveness of political and ideological education for officials and

soldiers of the Lao public security force is the correlation between political knowledge, political beliefs and political-social positivity of officials and soldiers after the impact of political and ideological education with the mobilized resources to achieve that result under specific conditions

The effective structure of political and ideological education consists of 3 components: results, goals and resources The purpose of political and ideological education for officials and soldiers is the political construction target of public security forces The result of political and ideological education

is a positive change in the perception, attitude and political action of the object Rational use of resources is a scientific mobilization, saving human resources, time, funding, facilities, facilities, existing and potential educational environment to bring the highest results Nature of the effectiveness is a comparison among results and purpose and resource use As the result is closer

to the goal, creating a premise for political and ideological education shall achieve high efficiency and vice versa Effectivness is seen as political and ideological education achieves the purpose and rational use of resources

2.2.2 Criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of political and ideological education for officials and soldiers of Lao Public Security Forces

* Group of criteria for evaluating the results of political and ideological education

- Political knowledge of officals and soldiers is assessed at the level of memorization, understanding and application of Marxism-Leninism and thought of Kaysone Phomvihane; Party’s lines and views, political tasks of security and unit forces; political traditions of the nation and the Party, security force and its units; political science knowledge and political values of humanity; the situation of world and domestic politics and practical political experiences of officials and soldiers

- Political beliefs of officials and soldiers are expressed in the level of interest in the political field The level of trust in the correctness of Marxism-Leninism, the thought of Kaysone Phomvihane, Party’s lines and views, at the leadership and commanding levels, on the fighting power of security forces ; the level of consistency in political situations, the determined attitude of

struggling with wrong views, hostility about political ideology and negative moral and lifestyle expressions

- Political-social activeness is the most important factor to assess the effectiveness of political and ideological education, expressed at the level of participation in socio-political activities; work results and learning and training; the level of readiness to receive and complete the tasks assigned by the organization; the level of observance of discplines and State law

* Group of criteria for using the resource of political and ideological education

This group of criteria assesses the level of promotion of leadership and management role of organizations; quantity and quality of officials and reporters; the level of time management and use; degree of innovation, effect of the content, form and method; the level of mobilization of facilities, infrastructure, funding and construction of the office culture environment to bring about the most effective results

2.3 The necessity of enhancing effectiveness of political and ideological education for officials and soldiers of Lao Public Security Force

2.3.1 Stemming from the role of political and ideological education - in building political qualities for officials and soldiers of public security forces

Marxism-Leninism has affirmed the important role of political reasoning

on the revolutionary movement In order to overthrow the old social regime, to build a new social regime, there should be the leadership of one party armed with Marxism-Leninism, the doctrine having the scientific and revolutionary nature which both properly reflects the objective rules of social development and points out goals, lines, forces, strategies, plans and methods of revolutionary struggle

2.3.2 Stemming from the important role of the public security forces and high demands on political qualities of public security officials and soldiers

The Public Security Force is the sharp instrument of the Party and the State The main responsibilities and tasks of the public security forces are to provide the Party and the State with advice and at the same time fulfill the key role to successfully implement the lines, policies, guidelines of the Party and the State law on ensuring security, maintaining social order and safety Therefore, absolute loyalty to the Party and Regime is the key for the quality and personality of public security officials and soldiers

2.3.3 Stemming from the mission requirements of national security work and the limitations on political & ideological education for officials and soldiers of public security forces during the last time

During the past years of renovation, Lao public security has contributed

to helping the country overcome the serious and great challenges to uphold