Chapter 13 – Analyzing data and other information. In this chapter students will be able to: Describe methods of analyzing data, find limitations in poorly analyzed data, explain the steps in analyzing data, improve skill in separating important from unimportant facts, analyze information to make sense of it, determine significance in data.
Trang 1Planning an Applied Research
Project
Trang 2» Describe methods of analyzing data
» Find limitations in poorly analyzed data
» Explain the steps in analyzing data
» Improve skill in separating important from unimportant facts
» Analyze information to make sense of it
» Determine significance in data
Trang 3» Aggregate analysis
» Bar chart
» Causation
» Coding data
» Coding manual
» Coding schedule
» Cohort analysis
» Connection
» Correlation
» Data analysis spiral
» Deductive reasoning
» Dependent variable
» Frequency distribution
» Frequency table
» Histogram
» Imputed data
» Independent variable
» Inductive reasoning
Trang 4» Kurtosis
» Listwise deduction
» Mean
» Median
» Mode
» Pattern analysis
» Pie chart
» Significance
» Source document
» Standard deviation
» Unit of analysis
Trang 5» Collect data
» Immerse yourself in the data
» Align data with original purpose
» Organize the data
» Identify relationships
» Review the data
» Interpret the information and place it in a larger context
Trang 6» Plan for what to collect
» Method of collecting information
» Coding the data collected
» Way to organized information once collected
» Reviewing for patterns
» Sorting information into categories
» Testing the categories on the data
» Drawing conclusions about the patterns
Trang 7» Computing and examining the mean
» Calculating the median
» Computing the mode
» Determining the standard deviation
» Creating a frequency distribution
» Calculating a regression analysis
» Conducting an analysis of variance
Trang 8» Use the data analysis spiral
» Immerse yourself in the data
» Develop categories for the data
» Apply the categories to the data
» Test their validity and usefulness
» Review the categories again
Trang 9» Protects individual information
» Improves objectivity
» Requires careful plan
» Demands a system for the codes
» Involves storage of original documents and copying coded documents
» Is necessary for integrity of the study
Trang 10Information
» Immerse yourself in the data
» Develop categories
» Enter the categories into a software package
» Review the categories
» Prepare to look for patterns
Trang 11Patterns
» Qualitative and quantitative pattern analysis
˃ Aggregate analysis
˃ Cohort analysis
» Qualitative data analysis spiral
» Statistical patterns
˃ Median, mean, mode
˃ Frequency distribution and standard distribution
˃ Correlation, regression analysis, and analysis of
Trang 12» Provides an overall picture of the entire sample
» Uses only total responses from the questionnaires
» Contributes limited insight
» Can be completed quickly
» Shows large scale picture of the data set
Trang 13» Provides detailed picture of various groups
» Uses demographic categories for the analysis
» Provides significant insights
» Takes multiple iterations to find useful analyses
» Incorporate internal and external analysis
» Suggests recommendations for segments of the sample
Trang 14» Measure of the similarity of responses among raters
» Key to ensuring objectivity in interpreting
information
» Comparison of responses of judges and often
training them to use similar criteria
» Assurance of value and validity of the qualitative
findings
» Useful in analyzing interview transcripts and other data that is not numerical
Trang 15» What is your purpose in the display?
» What do you want to show?
» What scale do you want to use for clarity of the
image?
» What do you want on the x axis?
» What do you want on the y axis?
» How will you title the chart?
» What is the source of the data?
Trang 16» Charts
˃ Bar charts
˃ Pie chart
» Tables
˃ Frequency tables
» Graphs
˃ Histograms
Trang 17» Conceptual significance
» Statistical significance
» Connection
» Correlation
» Causation
Trang 18» Anything unclear?
» One thing that I was surprised to learn from this class is …