Chapter 6 – Forms of qualitative research. In this chapter students will be able to: Explain the differences between qualitative and quantitative research methods, describe the reasons to use qualitative research, list the nine types of qualitative research designs, distinguish between primary and secondary data, use triangulation in a research design.
Trang 1Planning an Applied Research
Project
Chapter 6 – Forms of Qualitative
Research
Trang 2» Explain the differences between qualitative and quantitative research methods
» Describe the reasons to use qualitative research
» List the nine types of qualitative research designs
» Distinguish between primary and secondary data
» Use triangulation in a research design
Trang 4Differences Between Qualitative and Quantitative Research
Trang 5Differences Between Qualitative and Quantitative Research
» Few variables and many cases
» Purpose is to test, verify
» Analyzing the numbers counts
» Analysis is pretty standardized
Trang 7Research (cont’d)
» Characteristics of Qualitative Research
˃ Focus on words not numbers but often includes numbers
Trang 10» Study of a person, event, program, company or
institution
» Use of primary and secondary data and documents and often interviews
» Challenges involve locating documents, and
interpreting them, and sorting major and minor
events or forces
Trang 11a mass of inchoate data
Trang 13» Specific analysis of words, phrases, or images in selected documents and videos or films
» Manual task (coding system and manual) but
software can do the analysis also
» Challenges involve careful coding, remaining
objective and detached, and interpreting findings
Trang 14» Examination of the behavior and mores of a group
or tribelike collection of people
» Requires several perspectives to understand and describe group norms, patterns, and cultural factors
» Challenges involve objective observations, focus on patterns not individuals, and detached interpretation
of the group
Trang 15» Immersion in field data, development of a
hypothesis or hypotheses which is testing again on the participants in the field
» Extensive and intensive process which takes a long time to complete
» Challenges involve remaining true to the original
data and not bring preconceptions to the work
Trang 16» Examination of what it is like to participate in or be involved in an event, activity, or program
» Relies on participants’ perceptions and sometimes researcher observation and involvement
» Challenges involve remaining objective and careful
in describing the experience
Trang 17» Analysis of the operation of a program in terms of its original goals
» Requires careful plan for collecting appropriate data and analyzing it carefully
» Challenges involve remaining objective, interpreting interviews, questionnaire responses, and other data
Trang 18» Challenge involves combining logical argument with sufficient data and rationale to convince the readers
Trang 19Phenomenology Detailed study of process, event, activity
Program
Evaluation Assessment of an operation or program using documentary records, survey research, and
interviews Review of the field Comprehensive assessment of key concepts and
Trang 20Qualitative Research (cont’d)
» Triangulation
˃ The use of several sources of data to interpret information
˃ Three independent sources – hopefully of
different forms – improves the validity of the insights and analysis
˃ Three perspectives increases the objectivity of the insights
˃ Critical to analyzing results from qualitative
research
Trang 22Qualitative Research (cont’d)
Data Analysis Process
Trang 24» Anything unclear?
» One thing that I learned from this class is …