Along with the construction of fisheries infrastructures, issues of investment development of the fisheries high technology associated with the formation of the chain link, enhance the v
Trang 1VIETNAM ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES
GRADUATE ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES
Trang 2Thesis is completed at:
Graduate Academy of Social Sciences
Supervisor:
1 Assoc.Prof.Dr Hoang Van Hai
2 Dr Nguyen Thi Minh Phuong
Master Reviewer 1: Prof.Dr Ngo Thang Loi
Master Reviewer 2: Assoc.Prof.Dr Tran Dinh Thien Master Reviewer 3: Assoc.Prof.Dr Le Xuan Ba
The thesis will be denfended at the Doctoral dissertation council in the Graduate Academy of Social Sciences at ….day… month… year
2020
Thesis can be found at:
- Library Graduate Academy of Social Sciences
- National Library, Hanoi, Vietnam
Trang 3LISTS OF AUTHOR'S PUBLIC WORKS
1
Development investment’s experience in
fisheries towards sustainability and lesson
for Nghe An province.
Journal of Asia - Pacific Economics, Topic
2
Solutions to enhance aquaculture
development investment towards
sustainability in Nghe An province.
Journal of Asia - Pacific Economics, Topic
International experience in developing and
implementing developing green agriculture
policies and lessons for Vietnam
Proceedings of the international scientific
conference "Sustainable economic development and business in the context of globalization", December 2019 at the
Academy of Finance, page 467-474.
5
International experience in developing
and implementing policies for
developing green agriculture and
Lessons for the North Central region,
Proceeding of the National Scientific Conference "Theoretical basis and current situation of sustainable development policies for of the North Central Coast", December
2019 of the National Economics University, page 94-103
Trang 4INTRODUCTION
1 The urgency of the thesis
Fishery industry is one of the production and business sectors, an economic activity in the overall socio-economic Fishery industry plays an important role in providing food for mankind, not only it is an economic sector that creates employment opportunities, especially in rural and coastal areas The demand for fisheries of people
is increasing while the resources of these resources are limited and have been exploited So the aquaculture industry has evolved to make up for those gaps
With a coastline of more than 3,260 km, Vietnam has an exclusive maritime economic zone of more than 1 million km 2 Vietnam also has a large inland water surface area of more than 1.4 million hectares thanks to dense river and lagoons systems The fisheries sector has been playing an important role in Vietnam's economy Specifically, contributed 22.5% of the country's agricultural, forestry and fishery exports in 2018 and the livelihood of 4 million workers In 2018, the total fishery production in both fishing and aquaculture reached 7.75 million tons, the proportion of high value products increased sharply, the export value of production increased by 6.5% compared to 2017 [28] It can be said that seafood has a fast and strong development and has important contributions in agriculture, the country's economy, the production scale is constantly expanding, especially step by step shifting from width development to depth towards sustainability, etc However, besides the achieved results, sustainability fisheries development is facing many challenges, especially in the context of extensive international integration and the increasing impact of climate change: i) infrastructure development, in which fishing ports and storm shelters are overloaded, cannot meet the demand for fishing; ii) The management and protection of fisheries resources are still inadequate, equipment, management and enforcement capacity, compliance with IUU regulations, seasons, fishing gear, certification of exploitation are still limited Processing is failing to meet the requirements of sustainable fishing management; iii) The small scale production is common, the value chain linkage, the organization of aquatic product exploitation and exploitation is still weak, the processing is still inadequate, the productivity is low, especially brackish shrimp farming, high production costs; iv) Production often do not pay attention to the market and the requirements of the market, quality and safety of food hygiene has not been sufficient attention, the Vietnam fishery products often have not consumed under the label Vietnamese marks; v) Many fisheries policies have not been effective; These have led to inefficient and unsustainable aquaculture production in Vietnam
Nghe An is a province in the North Central Coast with 82 km long coastline, with 6 canals, vast fishing grounds, abundant fishery resources, many creeks and thousands of hectares of brackish water surface for saltwater aquaculture, with many traditional fishery villages has long had a lot of potential to develop fisheries
Trang 5economy towards sustainability In recent years, Nghe An fishery has achieved a relatively high and stable growth Along with the construction of fisheries infrastructures, issues of investment development of the fisheries high technology associated with the formation of the chain link, enhance the value of the product began to be focused on the implementation, initially has formed a number of regional fisheries production goods in association with the processing and consumption of products, creating jobs and income for workers, contributing to poverty reduction and economic and social development However, Nghe An seafood still cannot avoid the common problems of the country's seafood industry such as: small, fragmented production, unable to create high value-added product chains; The development model of aquatic product production is mainly growing along the width so the efficiency and sustainability are still limited; Income and life
of farmers are low; Environmental pollution in seafood production is still large, which are big challenges for Nghe An seafood in the current period
With the requirement of aquatic product production, it must meet the increasing demands of people with better quality, safer, greener, cleaner and under fierce competition pressure as Vietnam integrates more deeply In the world economy, the fisheries development of Nghe An province towards sustainability becomes more urgent than ever Against this backdrop, Nghe An has implemented a scheme to restructure the agricultural sector (including fisheries) in the direction of increasing added value and sustainable development The project stated clearly the objectives:
to develop fisheries in an efficient and sustainable manner; Renovating the planning and organizing the production of aquatic products along the direction of large-scale, international competition, achieving high efficiency, bringing higher incomes for farmers and minimizing negative impacts on the environment [46]
The process of restructuring the fisheries sector to achieve the development goal towards sustainability is requiring a great deal of resources to implement development investment, especially for localities / provinces with many development advantages fisheries such as Nghe An to make the fisheries sector a major economic sector in the province's socio-economic development strategy Therefore, investment in fisheries development is an important role, determining the development of the industry towards sustainability Besides Nghe An's achievements, in Nghe An development investment, there are still many shortcomings with development requirements (investment is still spread, lack of focus, focus, and efficiency is still low, not in the direction of sustainability, ) With large capital requirements, but limited capacity, Nghe An needs to make effective investment in the development of the fisheries sector, creating a breakthrough for development and sustainability which is a very difficult problem and now there is no satisfactory solution
On the other hand, there have been many research studies on investment in agriculture and fisheries in Viet Nam as well as Nghe An However, up to now,
Trang 6there have been very few systematic, updated and comprehensive studies on development investment towards sustainability in Nghe An
The above facts show that the true assessment of Nghe An fisheries investment and development activities in recent years to build a comprehensive fishery development investment strategy, enhance added value and development towards sustainability is a topical and urgent matter in both theory and practice The question is how to invest in fisheries development in a specific orientation? What is the basis for this ? What solutions are needed to promote investment in the development of a new
fishery? They are the reasons why student has chosen the article “Development
investment in fisheries towards sustainability in Nghe An province” as a topic of
doctoral thesis of economics, specialized in Development Economics
2 The purpose and research tasks of the thesis
+ Research purpose of the thesis:
The dissertation's thesis clarifies theoretical and practical issues related to development investment towards sustainability in Nghe An From there, propose solutions and recommendations to promote fisheries development investment towards sustainability in Nghe An province
To achieve this purpose, the thesis aims to answer the research questions:
1 What is development investment towards sustainability? What factors influence that investment process?
2 How is the impact of development investment towards sustainability?
3 What solutions are needed to promote development investment towards sustainability in Nghe An province?
+ Research tasks of the thesis:
A In order to achieve the purpose of the study, the thesis will perform the following tasks:
- Research a number of theoretical issues on development investment towards sustainability and practical experiences in investment in development investment towards sustainability, thereby drawing lessons for Nghe An
- Analyze and assess the right situation of development investment towards sustainability in Nghe An province in the period of 2012-2017, point out the achieved results, the existing limitations and clarify the causes of those limitations
- Proposing orientations, solutions and recommendations in order to promote development investment towards sustainability in Nghe An to 2025 and following years
3 Subject and scope of the thesis research
+ Research object of the thesis: development investment towards sustainability + Research scope of the thesis:
- Scope of content:
The dissertation studies issues related to development investment towards sustainability in the following aspects: Planning on investment and development of concentrated and large-scale commodity aquaculture production areas; Investment in
Trang 7developing fishery infrastructure; Investment in developing offshore fishing fleets; Investment in renovating the organization of aquatic product production along the direction of modernization; Invest in joint production of aquatic products according
to aquatic value chains; Invest in developing markets and brands of fishery products to ensure that the fisheries industry achieves the greatest economic, social and environmental benefits
- Scope of space :
The dissertation researches on development investment towards sustainability
in Nghe An province, focusing on some localities with outstanding fishery production activities and regional representative for Nghe An including: Quynh Luu, Hoang Mai, Dien Chau, Nghi Loc, Cua Lo, Yen Thanh, Nam Dan, TP.Vinh, Thanh Chuong and Nghia Dan
To implement the thesis, the author bases on:
- The thesis's methodological basis is dialectical materialism (that is, the study
of the object on the basis of historical-specific perspectives, the development principle, the principle of common relation) and historical materialism of Marxism-Leninism The materialist historical methodology is concretized by the Party's views and policies, the policies of Nghe An province on agricultural issues and restructuring of the agricultural sector
- The thesis also inherits the results of a number of published studies related to the research
4.2 Research methodology of the thesis
The thesis uses qualitative research methods in combination with quantitative methods to collect and process data as follows:
4.2.1 Methods of data collection
The thesis uses secondary and primary data sources to serve the research process as follows:
- Secondary data used in the study was collected from Business Registration Office of Department of Planning and Investment of Nghe An province, Department
of Fisheries Department of Department of Agriculture and Rural Development of Nghe An province, Department of Statistics of Nghe An province, on internet, research of works related to development investment of the fisheries sector The above data is only for the statistics, evaluation and understanding of some criteria related to the development of seafood industry
- Primary data through group discussion collected information on the questionnaire design to interview directly the subjects: Fisheries experts, state
Trang 8management of fisheries, management of fisheries enterprises, cooperatives fisheries, aquaculture farms, farmers invest in aquatic product trading
The time for conducting data survey interviews is from 05/2017 to 09/2017 with the contents of the survey: i) Factors affecting the demand for development investment of the fisheries sector; ii) Activities and results of development investment of fisheries sector
In the process of investigating for baseline data, the author attaches great importance to the expert method, in-depth interviews with experts, scientists interested in fisheries, fisheries managers in order to formulate ways professional analysis and evaluation, from which recommendations and solutions are feasible and practical
4.2.2 Data processing methods
To process the collected data, the thesis uses several methods as follows:
- Descriptive statistical method: including collecting data, organizing data by
time series, calculating basic statistical indicators such as development speed , structure, ratio and relation to review and assess the trend and volatility of the data
- Methods of analysis and synthesis: This method is used in all research sections of
the thesis to help clarify the research object From there, the summary can fully evaluate the development investment activity of the fisheries sector in Nghe An province
- Comparison method: During the research, the thesis has tried to quantify the
analytical content according to specific criteria From which to compare with the evaluation criteria to draw conclusions
- The thesis uses the correlation regression model to calculate the impact
of capital inputs (K), labor (L), total factor productivity (TFP) on the total added value of the industry fisheries in Nghe An province with the use of Eviews software The methodology for estimating the contribution of the above factors in the growth structure
is based on Solow's work (1957) and the calculation formula mentioned in the research
of Nguyen Kim Phuc [26]
- In addition, the thesis also uses the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) method in assessing factors affecting the demand for development investment of seafood industry
in Nghe An province by using SPSS software
5 New contributions of science of the thesis
As a systematic study related to development investment towards sustainability in Nghe An, the thesis has made new theoretical and practical contributions as follows:
- The thesis has systematized and clarified the theoretical issues about fisheries concepts, fisheries development, fisheries development towards sustainability, investment, development investment, and development investment towards sustainability, development investment capital of seafood industry; Proposing the contents of development investment of seafood industry; Develop criteria to assess the impact of investment on the development of the seafood industry in one locality, the factors affecting the development of the fisheries sector
Trang 9- The thesis has built a model of factors affecting the demand for development investment of seafood industry in the locality
- The thesis has summarized lessons learned on development investment towards sustainability of a number of countries and localities in the country From there, draw lessons learned on development investment of seafood industry for Nghe An
- The thesis has given views and orientations on the development of fisheries in localities in general and Nghe An in particular
- Assess the status of development investment of seafood industry in Nghe An, the positive and limited sides, clearly identify the reasons for these limitations And propose solutions, recommendations to promote development investment towards sustainability in Nghe An province
6 Theoretical and practical meanings of the thesis
+ Theoretical meaning of the thesis:
- The theory of development investment towards sustainability in the thesis contributes to affirming that promoting investment in the development of the fisheries is the most important factor to ensure the sustainable development of the fisheries sector (between the economy, society and the environment), is the basis of the evacuation needed for further research
- The research results show that to attract fisheries development investment towards sustainability, it is necessary to pay attention to factors affecting investors' needs
- The research results show that in order to attract and promote fisheries development investment towards sustainability, it is necessary to pay attention to economic, social and environmental aspects Therefore, the uniformity in implementation of solutions needs to be given special attention
+ Practical significance of the thesis:
- The thesis has proposed a number of solutions to promote fisheries development investment towards sustainability in Nghe An province; If these measures are applied, it will contribute to improving the efficiency of fisheries development investment towards sustainability in Nghe An in the future
- The dissertation's research results can be useful references for those who need to learn about fisheries development investment towards sustainability in Nghe An; Other localities throughout the country can also find useful information in this thesis
7 The structure of the thesis
In addition to the Introduction, Conclusions, List of research works, References, Content of the thesis are presented in 4 chapters:
Chapter 1: Overview of research situation related to the thesis
Chapter 2: Theoretical basis of fisheries development investment towards sustainability
Chapter 3: Current situation of fisheries development investment towards sustainability in Nghe An province in the period of 2012-2017
Chapter 4: Some solutions to promote fisheries development investment towards sustainability in Nghe An Province
Trang 10CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW OF THE RESEARCH SITUATION
RELATED TO THE THESIS 1.1 The situation of theoretical research related to fisheries development investment towards sustainability
1.1.1 Studies related to seafood investment
OECD (2013), David Blandford (2013), Christine Negra (2013), Nguyen Do
Tuan Anh and Dang Kim Khoi (2015), OECD (2015)
1.1.2 Studies related to the impact of fisheries development investment towards sustainability
World Bank (2011), Abhijit Sen (2007), Alexander J Rudnicky (1968), Baha SH, Saini AS, Sharma KD and Thakur DR (2010), Cletus Kwashi Dordunoo (1993, International Monertary Fund (1998), Brundland Report (1998), Brundland Report (1987), Bernard, Connie, Lawrence, Andres (2006), Raduvoicu, Iulya, Mariana (2011), Agriculture needs huge investment, Copyright AsiaNet Pakistan (Pvt) Ltd Nov, (2013), Valin, Halisk, Mosnier, Herreror , Schmid, and Obersteiner (2013)
1.1.3 Studies related to factors affecting fisheries development investment towards sustainability
Reardon et al (1996), Griffon et al (2001), Pinstrup-Andersen & Shimokawa (2006), Conning & Udry (2007), Rosenzweig & Stark (1998), Egger (2005), WB (2005b) IFAD ( 2003), Wright et al (2007), Pray et al (2007), Pray & Guglie (2001), LeBlanc & Hrubovcak (1986) and Halvorsen (1991), Halvorsen (1991), Nguyen Dinh Tho and Nguyen Thi Mai Trang ( 2009), Tran Huu Cuong and Bui Thi
Pham Thi Khanh (2003), Tran Duc Vien, Nguyen Viet Long (2015), Nguyen Tho (2012)
1.2.2 Studies related to investment and development of fisheries in the value chain
Nguyen Thi Thuy Vinh (2014), Stamm and Christian von Drachenfels
(2011), Trieneken Jacques (2011), Tran Dai Nghia (2012)
1.2.3 Related studies The investment model for subtainable fisheries development
Hans, R Helren (2011), OECD (2015), Andy Hall and Kumuda Dorai (2010),
David Blandford (2011), Nguyen Van Tuat (2015)
1.2.4 Studies related to the role of investment capital in fisheries development investment towards sustainability
Pham Van On (2014), Nguyen Kim Phuc (2011), Tran Viet Nguyen (2015), Justin Mundy (2016 ), Do Kim Chung, Kim Thi Dung (2013)
Trang 11However, there are still many problems about the development of fisheries development investment towards sustainability in Nghe An province that need to be completed, but there has not been any comprehensive systematic research on the development of fisheries development investment towards sustainability in Nghe An province below aspects: (i) Planning on development investment of concentrated and large-scale commodity production areas; (ii) Investment in aquaculture infrastructure in the direction of modernity and synchronization; (iii) Development investment of large capacity fleet for offshore engineering; (iv) Development investment and promote the application of science and technology in aquaculture; (v) Investment in renovating the organization of production and management of aquatic products towards modernization; (vi) Invest in linking production and consumption of fisheries development investment towards sustainability along the value chain; (vii) Market development and seafood branding
CHAPTER 2: THEORETICAL BASIS OF FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT
INVESTMENT TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITY
2.1 A number of theories and models related to development investment
2.1.2 Theories, models related to sustainable development
United Nations World Council on Environment and Development in the "Our Future" report, released in 1987, Peter P Roger, Kazi F Jalal and John A Boyd (2007) , JohnBlewitt (2008 ), Simon Bell and Stephen Morse (2008), Tatyana
P Soubbotina (2005):
2.2 Some basic concepts
sustainability
*/ Seafood industry concept
In this study, the authors focused on analyzing the concept of industry fisheries
as defined by FAO, industry fisheries including aquaculture, mining, processing and fisheries services
*/ Seafood industry development concept
The development of the fisheries sector is the process of advancing in all aspects of the fisheries economy in a given period In recent years, the advocacy process of the fisheries sector has been transformed from manual production mainly into aquaculture using modern machinery and technology; from main
Trang 12subsistence fisheries to high-quality commodity production and deeper and deeper participation in global seafood value chains; quickly develop green, clean and environment-friendly aquatic products, eco-aquatic products, aquatic products, towards the goal of sustainability developing aquatic products fisheries
*/ Sustainable fisheries industry concept
Sustainable fisheries industry is the seafood producing goods and large,
focused on science-based high technology, manufacturing processes and advanced management, modern, save resources, change adaptation climate and market requirements on the basis of improving productivity, quality, added value, having international competitiveness and well solving social issues
*/ Concept development sectors fisheries towards sustainability
Sustainable development of the fisheries sector is the process of developing production inputs such as ground, water, labor, technology, and output factors such as productivity, quality and markets The products based on the construction of a large-scale commodity production fishery, focus on advanced forms of production organization and achieve the ultimate goal of sustainable development (optimization) and intersection between economic, social and environmental benefits
2.2.2 Concept of Investment, Development Investment, fisheries development investment sector , fisheries development investment towards sustainability
*/ Investment Concept
*/ Concept of Development Investment
Development investment is understood as the current use of capital to maintain
and create new capacity in service business and daily life activities of society Development investment is considered a form of direct investment in order
to improve production capacity, service capacity as well as create new assets (capital, material, intellectual) for the economy [31]
*/ Fisheries development investment:
Fisheries development investment is the use of current resources to carry out
certain activities in the fisheries sector to create new production capacity and (or) improve, expand, upgrade existing production capacity, thereby gaining greater and longer-term benefits for investors and the socio-economy in the future
*/ Fisheries development investment towards sustainability
fisheries development investment towards sustainability is understood as "The use of resources (financial, physical and human resources, etc.) to carry out activities (construction of fishery infrastructure, shipbuilding large capacity, research and application of CNC, .) in order to generate investment results (synchronous modern seafood infrastructure system, large capacity fleet, high technology, ), thereby creating create new production capacity and (or) improve, expand, upgrade or increase the existing production capacity for the fisheries industry, thereby contributing to creating and maintaining stability and efficiency in economic growth of the fishery At the same time, the achievements in the sector's
Trang 13economic growth are both positive and pervasive, driven by the demands of social and environmental aspects, towards the goal of human development in the process
of investment and development of aquatic products ”
2.3 Scale and structure of investment capital for fisheries development
investment towards sustainability
2.3.1 Scale of investment capital
The theory and practice have proved that is an essential factor for the growth and development of the local fisheries sector Therefore , in order to meet the target
of fisheries development investment towards sustainability, the locality needs to use a certain amount of investment capital for the fisheries sector
2.3.2 Investment capital source
*/ State capital: including state budget capital, state development investment
credit capital, state-guaranteed credit capital, and development investment capital of state-owned enterprises
*/ Non-state capital sources: including savings from people, accumulated
savings of private enterprises and cooperatives
*/ Foreign direct investment (FDI)
2.4 The content of fisheries development investment towards sustainability
2.4.1 To plan investment in and development of large-scale and high-quality concentrated aquatic product production zones
The requirement in aquaculture is to develop development planning of scale concentrated commodity production areas, especially for key fishery products
large-to create quality products because of the universal application conditions turn scientific and technological achievements in the field of fisheries to increase productivity, efficiency and enhance international competitiveness in fisheries development investment towards sustainability
2.4.2 Invest in developing infrastructure to serve the fishery industry in a synchronized and modern manner
a Investment in infrastructure of aquaculture areas and aquaculture seed production
The infrastructure of the aquaculture area must ensure the ability to apply modern science and technology to production in order to contribute to increasing the productivity of aquaculture, economically using resources, and at the same time creating green, clean and safe aquatic products food hygiene and safety, environmental friendliness and best meet the needs of the market
b Investment in developing aquatic product processing infrastructure
In order to increase the added value of fishery products from aquaculture and fishing, it is necessary to invest in the aquaculture industry In order for the aquaculture industry to develop THB, it is necessary to carry out such deep and refined processing to create high quality, clean, green, safe, environmentally-friendly and high quality aquatic products