Tư tưởng triết học của tôn trung sơn và ý nghĩa của nó tt tiếng anh

With the desire to delve into Ton Trung Son's philosophical ideas, point out the value and meaning of those ideas, in order to contribute to the study of Ton Trung Son in Vietnam in gene

VIETNAM ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

GRADUATE ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

TRINH THI HANG

PHILOSOPHY IDEAS

OF TON TRUNG SON AND ITS MEANING

Major: Philosophy Sector code: 92.29.001

SUMMARY OF THESIS DOCTORAL THESIS

HA NOI, 2020

THIS WORK IS COMPLETED AT

GRADUATE ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

MENTOR: Professor Doctor Pham Van Duc

Reviewer 1: Prof.Dr Nguyen Van Tai

Reviewer 2: Assoc.Prof.Dr Nguyen The Kiet Reviewer 3: Assoc.Prof.Dr Nguyen Minh Hoan

The thesis is defended before the thesis appraisal board of the Academy at the Graduate Academy of Social Sciences at:

hours, date month 2020

This thesis can be found at:

- Library of Graduate Academy of Social Sciences

- National Library of Vietnam

LIST OF SCIENTIFIC WORKS PUBLISHED

1 Trinh Thi Hoang (2016), The democratic ideology of Ton Trung Son, Journal of Philosophy, No 11

2 Hoang ThiTho, Trinh Thi Hoang (2017), The premise of Eastern ideology for the formation of Tam Danism by Ton Trung Son, Journal of Chinese Studies, No 8

3 Trinh Thi Hoang (2017), Philosophical thought of Ton Trung Son through Evolutionary treatise, Philosophical Review, No 9

4 Trinh Thi Hoang (2018), The idea of freedom and equality in the civil rights category of Ton Trung Son, Philosophical Magazine, No 10

1

PREAMBLE

1 The urgency of the thesis

Sun Yat-sen (1866-1925) was a modern Chinese bourgeois democracy revolutionary, leader of the Xinhai revolution (1911) - a revolution to overthrow the feudal regime that existed for thousands of years in China to create a new regime

He was also the one who launched the Triple Peopleism with the basic contents of independent nationalism, civil liberties and happy people The thoughts of the Triple People not only have implications for the revolutionary movement at the time, but also for the current period Sun Yat-sen is not only the leader of China's revolutionary movement and national liberation movement, but also a reformer, a thinker, a philosopher with many profound ideas

In the early years of the twentieth century, the revolutionary movement in China in general, and the Three Peopleism of Ton Trung Son in particular, greatly influenced the patriotic and revolutionary movement of Vietnam at that time, affecting the Vietnamese patriots such as Phan Boi Chau and Ho Chi Minh, etc President Ho Chi Minh during revolutionary activities in China had been in contact with Ton Trung Son Ho Chi Minh also highly appreciated the thought of Ton Trung Son and "vowed to be a small student of Ton Trung Son" During the course

of leading the Vietnamese revolution, Ho Chi Minh absorbed, applied and promoted the ideas of Ton Trung Son into Vietnamese revolutionary practices Therefore, the study of Ton Trung Son's thought is very important, which not only contributes to clarifying the early stages of the Vietnamese revolution, but also helps to understand the ideas of Ho Chi Minh, Phan Boi Chau and the Vietnamese revolution

In Taiwan, Sun Yat-sen is considered the "Father of the Nation", the great leader of this island The worship of Ton Trung Son in Taiwan has great spiritual significance to the people here Not only that, studying the doctrines and ideas of Ton Trung Son, promoting his ideological values in modern society has always

attracted the research interest of many scientists As evidence, many research institutes and research centers on Ton Trung Son have been established in Taiwan and many works, books, research articles on life, ideology, doctrine, and Triple Peopleism of Sun Yat-sen was published In China, recently it has become a trend to study the ideology of Ton Trung Son with the cause of modernization, as well as problems in modern society That shows, Ton Trung Son's ideas in addition to revolutionary ideological contents, also contain many values of democracy and rule

of law, which are very meaningful for the current period, especially in promoting the people master, build a rule of law state, etc

In Vietnam, Ton Trung Son has been mentioned by many researchers in a number of aspects such as the introduction of life, the status of career, Tam Danism, Tan Hoi revolution, and Ton Trung's influence Son for Vietnamese revolutionaries and Vietnamese senior revolutionaries However, in-depth studies on the philosophical thought of Ton Trung Son are still limited, mainly only mentioned in

an integrated manner

With the desire to delve into Ton Trung Son's philosophical ideas, point out the value and meaning of those ideas, in order to contribute to the study of Ton Trung Son in Vietnam in general, as well as In studying the philosophical thought of Ton Trung Son in particular, the PhD student chose the topic "Ton Trung Son's philosophical thought and its meaning" as his doctoral thesis of philosophy

2 Research objectives and missions

2.1 Objectives of the study

Studying and clarifying the basis of formation and basic contents of Ton Trung Son's philosophical thought, pointing out the current value and meaning of such thought

2.2 Mission

To accomplish the above purpose, the thesis has the following tasks:

Firstly, analyzing the basis of philosophical thought formation of Ton Trung Son

Secondly, presenting and analyzing the basic contents of philosophical thought of Ton Trung Son

Thirdly, analyze and evaluate the value and significance of the philosophy of Ton Trung Son philosophy, and at the same time point out the influence of Ton Trung Son in general and his philosophical ideas in particular in Vietnam

3 Research subject and scope

4 Methodological basis and research method

4.1 Methodological basis

The thesis is based on the methodology of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, especially the principles of historical materialism on social existence and social consciousness, on struggle caste, state and revolution, the role

of individuals in history, etc

The dissertation is also based on the research results, the accepted scientific views of the previous researchers on Ton Trung Son's thought in general and the philosophy of Ton Trung Son's thought in particular

The thesis is also based on research theories, approaches suitable to the thesis

topic

4.2 Research Methods

Regarding specific methods, the thesis uses a system of common methods in scientific research such as: synthesis, analysis, interpretation, induction, comparison, comparison, logic and history,

5 New contributions of the thesis

Firstly, the thesis contributes to the analysis and clarification of the foundation of philosophical thought of Ton Trung Son

Secondly, the thesis presents some basic contents in Ton Trung Son's philosophical thought such as: 1 / Ton Trung Son's natural philosophical thought in Evolutionary theory; 2 / The epistemology of Ton Trung Son in the theory of "Tri nan hanh hang dien"; 3 / The thought of Ton Trung Son's political - social philosophy in Tam Danism

Thirdly, the dissertation analyzes and points out the value and significance of philosophical ideas of Ton Trung Son; pointing out the influence of Ton Trung Son

in general and his philosophical ideas in particular in Vietnam

6 Theoretical and practical meanings of the thesis

The dissertation contributes to basic and comprehensive research on Ton Trung Son's philosophical ideology, while also pointing out its limitations and implications for the Chinese revolution in the modern period, as well as clarifying the Its influence in Vietnam

The thesis can be used as a reference for research, teaching and for those who are interested in this issue

7 The structure of the thesis

In addition to the introduction, conclusion and list of references, the main content structure of the thesis consists of 4 chapters and 14 periods

CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH SITUATION ISSUES THAT

RELATED TO THE THESIS 1.1 The research works related to community and ideological premise for the formation of philosophical thought of Ton Trung Son

Some researches related to the social context and ideological premise of the formation of philosophical thought of Ton Trung Son can be listed as follows: Ton Trung Son's article and Tam Danism of author Phan Van Cac (China Research Journal, No 5/2006); the book Three Chinese great men of the twentieth century by Thi Huu Tung (National Political Publishing House, Hanoi, 2009); the article Ton Trung Son builds revolutionary organizations in the Chinese and overseas Chinese community in Vietnam (Journal of Chinese Studies, No 5/2011) and the article On the Causes of Ton Trung Son coming to Vietnam revolutionary activities (Journal of Chinese Studies, No 4/2015) by Nguyen Thi Huong; In general, the above works have helped us to review the biography and ideology of the patriot , the great democracy revolutionary Ton Trung Son; mentioned, analyzed and interpreted objectively and scientifically about the life, revolutionary career and the ideology, qualities and personality of the three great figures that made Chinese history in the century

XX, including Ton Trung Son; helps them see the overall picture of Ton Trung Son's influence and role on the process of building revolutionary organizations in Vietnam

1.2 The research works related to Ton Trung Son's thought in general and his philosophical ideas in particular

Firstly, the research works on the ideology of Ton Trung Son in general Some typical works can be listed as follows: The article Understanding "civil rights" by Ton Trung Son (Journal of Chinese Studies, No 5/2001) by Nguyen

Huy Quy; the article Modernization thought of Ton Trung Son - The process of formation and development of the author Dao Duy Dat (Journal of Chinese Studies, No 5/2006); The article From Ton Tam Son's three nationalism to the harmonious socialist ideology of Ho Cam Dao by Assoc Tran Le Bao (Journal

of Chinese Studies, No 7/2007); The article "Understanding civil rights" by Ton Trung Son by Nguyen Huy Quy (printed in Nguyen Huy Quy, Research

on Chinese Studies - Selected articles, Social Science Publishing House, Hanoi, 2008); article Some basic content in the people's thinking of Ton Trung Son of Prof Dr Nguyen Tai Thu (Journal of Philosophy, No 12/2008); article Thought of democracy in Chinese society in the modern period of author Nham Thi Thanh Ly (China Research Journal, No 9/2010); In general, the above works analyzed the contents basic in Ton Trung Son's thought through Triple People, such as civil rights, people's livelihood, democratic thought, modernization thought, etc

Secondly, the research works on philosophical thought of Ton Trung Son Some typical works can be listed as follows: Ton Trung Son's philosophy of thought (孙中山 哲学 思想) by Vương Học Hoa, published by the People's Publishing House of Shanghai in 1960; Ministry-level scientific projects in 2009

by Assoc Nguyen Tai Dong is the chairman of Ton Trung Son's basic philosophical ideology in trinityism and its influence on Vietnam; the book of Chinese theoretical thoughts (中国 思想 史 论) by Ly Trach Hau (Translator: Nguyen Quang Ha), The Gioi Publishing House, Hanoi, 2015; The above works have focused on analyzing some internal issues basic content in the philosophical thought of Ton Trung Son, such as: treatise of evolution and theory

of "originality", doctrine of "tri nan, moan" and historical viewpoint on the issue

of people Among them, the most notable is the book of philosophical thought Ton Trung Son (孙中山 哲学 思想) by Vương Học Hoa This is considered one

of the few works specializing in philosophical thought of Ton Trung Son translated into Vietnamese

1.3 The research works, assessing the value, meaning of Ton Trung Son’s thinking and its influence on Vietnam

Some typical works can be listed as follows: The article Relationship between Ton Trung Son and the Chinese New Hoi Revolution with Phan Boi Chau and the Vietnam Revolution in the early twentieth century (quoted in the draft of History book) Sino-Vietnamese relations in modern times (China Research Journal, no 5/2001) by Chuong Thau; Tan Hoi Revolution - 90 years later looking back (1911-2001) of the China Research Center of the National Center for Social Sciences and Humanities (now the Chinese Research Institute

of the Academy of Social Sciences) Vietnam Association) (Social Sciences Publishing House, Hanoi, 2002); article Ton Trung Son with Vietnam (Journal of Chinese Studies, No 6/2005), author Chuong Thau; article Ton Trung Son - Ho Chi Minh: Empathy history and era (Journal of Chinese Studies, No 5/2006) by Nguyen Van Hong; book Ton Trung Son - Tan Hoi Revolution and Vietnam - China relations of the Chinese Research Institute - Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences (now the Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences), (Political Publishing House Country, Hanoi, 2008); the article People's life issue in the policy of building China's harmonious society and Vietnam's sustainable development strategy by Prof Dr Pham Van Duc (Philosophical Review, No 11/2008); Article V.I.Lenin with Tonkin Son by Nguyen Trung Nam (Philosophical Magazine, No 4/2009); The article Influence of Ton Trung Son and Tam Danism on Ho Chi Minh by Le Thi Tinh (Vietnam Journal of Social Science,

No 8/2015); In general, the above works have been submitted Outline the relationship between Ton Trung Son and the Vietnamese revolution in the early twentieth century, reflected in the effects of the Chinese revolution led by Ton

Trung Son on the Vietnamese revolution and on the revolutionaries Vietnamese seniors

1.4 General comments about the research works related to the topic and the thesis issues that need further study

Firstly, the above-mentioned works have mentioned many contents of Ton Trung Son's thought: Modern thought, political thought, democratic thought, scientific thought, education and military thought , foreign ideology, social constructivism, etc Many works through the study of Triple People'sism have analyzed Ton Trung Son's thoughts on nationalism, civil rights and nationalism born Through these works, readers can see the rich content in Ton Trung Son's thought, not only seeing the stature of a thinker with a spirit of change but also a revolutionary, a leader of the Tan Hoi revolution

Besides, many works have mentioned the influence of Ton Trung Son, Tan Hoi revolution, Tam Danism to the revolutionary movement and thinkers of Vietnam in the modern period, etc The work asserts that Ton Trung Son and the Tan Hoi revolution have a great influence on the Vietnamese revolution, affecting Vietnamese revolutionaries such as Phan Boi Chau, Ho Chi Minh Many articles have been classified analysis of Ho Chi Minh's ideological and revolutionary expressions showing the influence from Ton Trung Son and from Tam Danism

Secondly, in Vietnam, although there have been many research works on Ton Trung Son's ideology, Ton Trung Son's intensive works on philosophical thought are quite modest Many works have mentioned his philosophical ideas but the capacity is not large, most of the contents of these works are relatively simple, without in-depth analysis and lack of systematic

Thirdly, in Vietnam, up to now, there has not been a monograph systematically studying and generalizing the philosophical ideas of Ton Trung

Son The studies on Ton Trung Son mainly discussed Ton Trung Son and Tam Danism and Ton Trung Son with the Tan Hoi revolution, the influence of Ton Trung Son on Vietnamese patriots at the end of the 19th century etc., in particular, these works are mostly shown in articles and magazines Therefore, this is a difficulty for the implementation of the topic, but at the same time it is also an advantage for the topic to contribute a part in the study of Ton Trung Son's thought in general, his philosophical ideas in particular The thesis also wishes to contribute to the exploitation of positive values in the philosophical thought of Ton Trung Son from which to apply in the cause of building our country today

Fourthly, through an overview of the research works of previous scholars,

on the basis of inheriting and developing the achieved research results, the thesis will continue to study in depth the philosophical thought of Ton Trung Son, especially the thought of Evolutionary thought, Tri nan ideological idea, democracy, the idea of human rights On the basis of further research and systematizing Ton Trung Son's philosophy of thought, the thesis shows the value and significance of Ton Trung Son's philosophical thought to society today

CHAPTER 2 FOUNDATION FOR ESTABLISHING THE PHILOSOPHY

IDEAS OF TON TRUNG SON 2.1 Background of Chinese society in the late nineteenth century - early twentieth century

China, from the late nineteenth century to the beginning of the twentieth century, was the period of the old democratic revolution led by the bourgeoisie against the aggression of outside forces West) and overthrow the rule of feudalism in China, with the political purpose of building the authoritarian state government of the bourgeoisie, the goal of the revolution is to develop private capitalism in which the Xinhai revolution in 1911 was the first old-style democratic revolution of great significance

2.2 Theoretical origin for the formation and development of philosophical ideas of Ton Trung Son

2.2.1 Concepts of nation, nation, state before Ton Trung Son

In the history of Chinese thought, the concept of nation, nation, state has existed very early Since ancient times, China has had many political and social ideas such as the political doctrines of Lao PDR, Mac, Khong, Dharma, etc are very famous, and each doctrine points out the purpose of building an ideal country For example, "Lao Tzu" theory of Lao Tzu delineated the model of

"small country, small population"; Confucius' doctrine of "virtue" refers to the society of "mini khang, dong dong"; Mac Tu's "Tiet" theory with the policy of building an ideal nation "peaceful and peaceful people"; the French sect designed the ideal national model as the "national army and military force";

2.2.2 The conception of civil rights of the thinkers before Ton Trung Son

From ancient times, Manh Tu had a slim idea of "the people's will" when

he said that the importance of the people's opinion was to take people's viewpoints in terms of politics, but there must still be limits to class By the Ming

- Yuan period, Luu Co developed the idea of "people as the root" as the supreme principle in national rule In the Qing dynasty, Khang Huu Vi believed that it was one of the foundations for reaching the universal world

2.3.3 The conception of people before Ton Trung Son

Regarding the thought of "the people", Ton Trung Son absorbed many ideas of the thinkers before him, such as Lao Tzu with the thought of making the people "full of belly" (really happy); Confucius with the thought of the people; Manh Tu with the thought of "with the people"; Tuan Tu with the thought of "the people"; French sect with the idea of nursing people; people's ideology of Hoang

Ton Di (late Ming dynasty and early Thanh dynasty)

2.3 People and careers revolutionary activities of Ton Trung Son

Ton Trung Son, whose name is Van, is called Dat Tien, comes from a poor farmer family in Thuy Hanh village, Huong Son district (now Trung Son city), Guangdong province From an early age, he was involved in farming and soon saw the hardships of the farmers Sun Yat-sen had a great hatred for the bad habits that existed in feudal China in his teenage days When growing up, Ton Trung Son had the opportunity to study abroad During his time studying abroad,

he persisted in studying, gained a lot and systematically knowledge of natural sciences; in particular, having the opportunity to examine the economic - political situation of European and American countries, in contact with Western bourgeois democracy, convinced by the slogan "freedom, equality and charity" of the West Wishing to reform the old Chinese society, after returning to China, he creatively

applied the knowledge he learned abroad into his revolutionary activities

Conclusion of chapter 2

In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the feudal Chinese

regime, which existed for thousands of years, began to weaken and was at risk of disintegration, the mode of capitalist production was gradually taking shape, leading to conflicts between productive forces and production relations, as well

as conflicts between forces and classes in society, especially the radical bourgeoisie and conservative feudal mandarins Not only that, China has to deal with Western colonial aggression The Opium War is one of the manifestations

of relations between China and Western capitalist countries

The context of Chinese society in the late nineteenth century - early twentieth century placed a requirement on the search for a way to liberate China, whose nucleus was the ideological ideology for making needles show the men and guide the liberation of China Sun Yat-sen was living in the Chinese context

at that time, all the developments in Chinese society at that time strongly influenced him, urging him to find a way to liberate China A person who has absorbed two traditional Chinese Confucian and Western educational backgrounds, plus the opportunity to interact with Western works, gain a sense of democracy and freedom , equality, etc has formed in the thought of Ton Trung Son the initial sketches of thought and the way to liberate China

In the process of searching and building the ideology to save the country, Ton Trung Son also studied ideological theories, traditional philosophies such as Confucianism, Macao, and at the same time absorbed the conception of the nation family, people, civil rights, the people, about the universal world; about the people-centered ideology, taking the people as the root, etc in Chinese tradition At the same time, he combined Western ideas of freedom and equality with traditional Chinese ideas to form his own philosophical ideas