Doctoral thesis summary: Analysis of the structure of the natural synthesis of Thai Nguyen province for the purpose of rational using the natural resources and sustainable development

Research objectives: Creat geographical basis by analyzing and assessing the structure of the natural synthesis to guide and organize the the sustainable development of Thai province’s agriculture and forestry. The direction and solutions for the organization of the territorial space for the purpose of rational using the natural resources and sustainable development.

TRAINING AND TECHNOLOGY

Graduate University of Science and Technology

-LE THI NGUYET

ANALYZING THE STRUCTURE OF THE NATURAL SYNTHESIS

OF THAI NGUYEN PROVINCE WITH PURPOSES OF

REASONABLE USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND

ANALYZING THE STRUCTURE OF THE NATURAL

SYNTHESIS OF THAI NGUYEN PROVINCE WITH PURPOSES

OF REASONABLE USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND

Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and

Technology

Advisors:

1 Dr Nguyen Lap Dan

2 Ass.Prof.Dr Nguyen Van Cam

Critic 1: Prof.Dr.Sc Pham Hoang Hai

Critic 2: Ass.Prof.Dr Nguyen Thuc Nhu

Critic 3: Ass.Prof.Dr Tran Viet Khanh

The thesis is protected before thesis assess Council of the Graduate University level, meeting at:

at……… hour,……….……, 2015

This thesis can be found from the National Library and Graduate University of Science and Technology,s Library

Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of

Science and Technology

Advisors:

1 Dr Nguyen Lap Dan

2 Ass.Prof.Dr Nguyen Cam Van

Critic 1: Prof.Dr.Sc Pham Hoang Hai

Critic 2: Ass.Prof.Dr Nguyen Thuc Nhu

Critic 3: Ass.Prof.Dr Tran Viet Khanh

The thesis is protected before thesis assess Council of the Graduate University level, meeting at:

at……… hour,……….……, 2015

This thesis can be found from the National Library and Graduate University

of Science and Technology,s Library

OPENING

1 THE URGENCY OF THIS THESIS

Thai Nguyen province is considered the cultural and economic central

of Northern midlands and mountainous region This province has strategic position, natural conditions and resources that favor the development However, till this day, the province’s economic development is generally not

up to its potential, the living of its ethnic minorities is still poor and hard Moreover, under the pressure from population growth and with out-dated technology, the province’s economic, which is heavily depended on natural resources, will easily be lagging behind Thai Nguyen needs to have a change

in pace and reform to be worthy of its tradition and to make use of its potential

From Thai Nguyên’s navigation of development to 2020, the economic structure will be Industry - Services – Agriculture As a midlands and mountainous province with majority of the people work in agriculture and forestry, these fields can contribute greatly to province’s development Under this navigation, province’s agriculture and forestry will be changed into the way of intensive farming, high productivity There are already researches and projects every year which continuously help boosting the province’s and forestry However, they only stay in their objectives of serving restricted purpose, not have the intention of analyzing and planning the whole territory

To solve this realistic problem and help improve the economic and

social development of the province, I present the thesis:

“ Analysis of the structure of the natural synthesis of Thai Nguyen province for the purpose of rational using the natural resources and sustainable development"

2 RESEARCH’S MISSION

Creat geographical basis by analyzing and assessing the structure of the natural synthesis to guide and organize the the sustainable development of Thai province’s agriculture and forestry

3 RESEARCH’S COVERAGE

- To establish the rationale and methodology

- Analyzing the structure of the natural synthesis to find the rule differentiation and specificity

- Use ecological suitability assessment methods to assess Thai Nguyen province’s structure of the natural synthesis for the purpose of developing agriculture and forestry

- Propose the direction and solutions for the organization of the territorial space for the purpose of rational using the natural resources and sustainable development

4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY OF THE THESIS

4.1 Territorial scope

The researched territory includes the whole Thai Nguyen province, from the coordinates 21019'N to 22003'B and 105029'E to 106015'E, with 9 administrative units: Thái Nguyên City, Sông Công commune, Định Hóa district, Võ Nhai district, Đại Từ district, Phú Lương district, Đồng Hỷ district, Phú Bình district, Phổ Yên district

4.2 Scientific scope

- Analysis of structural diversity of synthesis natural of Thai Nguyen province The studied synthesis are similar with the inner landscape, theoretically there are many landscape concept, in practice, Thai Nguyen province territorial has been exploited for a long time, virtually there is no longer pristine landscape of the so-called synthesis natural position Landscape structure including spatial structure, function structure and landscape dynamic

- Use ecological suitability assessment methods to assess Thai Nguyen province’s structure of the natural synthesis for the purpose of developing agriculture and forestry

- Assessed Subjects: The author assess the suitability for forestry development (3 forest types by functions: protective forests, special-use forests, productive forest); agricultural development (tea, soybean, rice and evaluate the development of pastures)

5 ARGRUMENTS

- 1 st Agrument: Natural synthesis structure of Thai Nguyen province

shows the diversity of distribution and complexity, is both deeply influenced

by azonal rule, and also follows the rules of zonal and is strongly influenced

by the human’s activities; formed a system of landscape units include: 1 system of landscape, 1 sub-system of landscape, 3 landscape classes, 6 landscape sub-classes, two types of landscape and 85 landscapes

- 2 nd Argument: Use ecological suitability assessment methods to

assess 85 landscapes of Thai Nguyen province for economic and environmental protection purposes This is an important basis for the proposed organizing the using of territory for sustainable development of Thai province’s agriculture and forestry

6 NEW POINTS OF THE THESIS

- Analysis the diversity of natural synthesis structure of Thai Nguyen province Establish classification system for the natural synthesis structure and build the Landscape map of Thai Nguyen in 1 /100,000 scale

- Assessing the degree of adaptation of the natural synthesis structure

of Thai Nguyen province for forestry development (development of protective forests, special-use forests, productive forest), for agricultural development (tea, soybean, rice and evaluate the development of pastures) Build the Assessment of the adaptation degree Map of Thai Nguyen in 1 /100,000 scale

- Propose the direction and solutions for the organization of the territorial space for forestry and agricultural sustainable development Build

the Forestry and agricultural development orientation map 1 /100,000 scale

7 THE SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL SIGNIFICANT OF THESIS

7.1 Scientific significant

The thesis contributes to improve ecological suitability assessment methods natural synthesis structure for the rational use of natural resources and sustainable development

The results of the thesis will be useful resources to serve the research mapping the landscape, landscape assessment maps, orientation map for development of agriculture and forestry for the territorials with similar conditions

7.2 Practical significant

The research results of the thesis will be the scientific basis for spatial territorial planning of agriculture and forestry of Thai Nguyen to 2020, with vision to 2030

8 THESIS STRUCTURE

The thesis has 4 chapters:

Chapter 1: Rationale of analyzing the natural synthesis structure for the purpose of rational using the natural resources and sustainable development

Chapter 2: Analysis the diversity of natural synthesis structure of Thai Nguyen

Chapter 3: Assessing the natural synthesis structure of Thai Nguyen province for forestry and agricultural sustainable development

Chapter 4: Orientate the agriculture and forestry territorial of Thai Nguyen province

Chapter 1 RATIONALE OF ANALYZING THE NATURAL SYNTHESIS STRUCTURE FOR THE PURPOSE OF RATIONAL USING THE NATURAL RESOURCES AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

1 .1 THE SIMILARITY OF MEANING BETWEEN THE CONCEPTS OF NATURAL SYNTHESIS STRUCTURE AND LANDSCAPE IN THIS THESIS

Modern natural geographical modern views on relationships and interdependencies among the components that make up the natural synthesis natural position at different levels, be it at the level of small to supply the planet's largest

Landscape study is part of the natural geography, the study of synthesis natural scale and the local area as part of the shell structure of geography (Ixatrenko, 1991) According to the research there are three concepts about landscape scenery (depending on the contents of the study wants to express): Landscape as a general concept, synonymous with the overall site and place system ( F.N Minkov, D.L.Armand .); Landscape is the classification of units (B.B.Polunov, N.A Gvozdetxki, .); Landscape as individual units (N.A.Xolsev, A.G.Ixatxenko, Vũ Tự Lập )

According to authors Nguyen Cao Huan, Pham Hoang Hai, Nguyen Thanh Long no matter what the perspective from which the landscape is viewed the landscape is still seen as a natural synthesis, while the difference

of the on the notion that the landscape is considered units of any level units, the landscape is defined and shown on any map in a way, manner or inductive interpretation

For Thai Nguyen, the body naturally synthesized by the author of the thesis research has similarities with the inner landscape, because so many concepts as landscape analysis, in fact, the provincial territory Taiyuan to be exploited for a long time, virtually no primary features of the landscape so-called synthesis natural position as Vu Tu Lap was later called the geographical system without known as the landscape or individual scenes as previous studies The author also inherited the research to go ahead, as is the integrated landscape natural nature type, is associated with the ecological criteria and the extent of human impact

1.2 RESEARCHED PROJECTS OVERVIEW

1.2.1 The study of landscape structure and landscape assessment for the purpose of rational use of the territory

1.2.1.1 Researchs around the world

a The study of the structure, function, dynamics of landscape

The concept of landscape structure is currently ununified, there are many definitions of landscape structure In general, the author refers to the spatial structure (including vertical structure and the horizontal structure) and the dynamics of the landscape (the change of landscape structure over time ) The study of landscape structure catch attention of authors such as V.X Preobrajenxki, N.A Xoltsev (1947.1971), X.V Kalexnik (1978), Bastian and Steinhardt (2002),

As researching on the role of components of the landscape structure, there are also some different concepts Some authors suggested that these components have equal roles in the forming the landscape as reflected in their levels of conservative or advance

Some authors suggested that the functional role of each component in the formation of landscapes is different, an example of this second group is N.I Xoltxev According to him, each component of the landscape has different impact levels, in which the temperature - humidity and organisms are components of the transformation of geographic system, these components have the highest fluctuation

According Ixatrenko (1969), the distinction of key components as dominant or dependent are only relatively, only makes sense in a time rather than the historical development of the landscape

Research of the function is also mentioned in many works: AG Ixatrenko (1961), Forman (1981), De Groot (1992) Just as structural studies, research landscape features many different concepts According A.G Ixatrenko (1961), functional landscape is "general exchange, physical transformation of material and energy in the landscape", and Forman (1981)

re-define "the energy flow, nutrient and biological material between landscape elements " Besides, the function of the landscape is also understood as the benefits that people obtain from the properties and processes of landscape acccording to Niemann (1977), De Groot (1992) In landscape planning there is also a common term multifunctional landscapes (especially in Europe)

b The study of the landscape classification system

Along with the system partition of the author: Xoltxev (1958.1960); M.I Mikhainov (1962); V.I Prokaev (1967), is the classification system landscape of the author A.G Ixatrenko (1961), N.A Gvozdexki (1961), V.A Nhicolaev (1966), P.W Mitchell and I.A Howard (FAO- 1978) Between the landscape classification system where the number of criteria, hierarchical classification levels are not the same because different authors based on the characteristics of their studied territory and the scale of the maps they established

c Research on the landscape assessment

Landscape assessment was reviewed from the 70s of XX century in many different aspects, such as the study of LI Mukhina (1973), Kunhixki (1973)

Following the previous landscape assessment methods, many technic landscape assessment technics are given such as: evaluating the economic efficiency by means of analyzing the cost - benefit (Alfred Mashall and Zvoruvkin KB 1968) Research and evaluate in a more integrated comprehensive way from nature to economic – social and environmental is mentioned in the work of FAO in land evaluating since the 1980s

(particularly since the 1990s) so far (FAO, 1993)

1.2.1.2 Vietnamese’s Researchs

a Researchs of the landscape structure, function, dynamics

First mention the study of landscape structure in Vietnam was in Vu Tu Lap’s researches In the "Geographical landscape of northern Vietnam", he has researched the vertical structure of the landscape in northern Vietnam, specified the involvement of the natural elements in the creation, development of the landscape The horizontal structure of the landscape across North Vietnam was the studied by the author from the bottom up, from levels and types of geographic

The research of Pham Quang Anh has introduced the concept of ecological landscape structure, which is an "ecological economic model" with three modules: natural module, module of human society and production module which take the territory landscape as the basis

The researches of authors Pham Hoang Hai, Nguyen Thuong Hung, Nguyen Ngoc Khanh in the "The landscape basis of the rational using of natural resources, environmental protecting Vietnam", have studied characteristics of natural elements of Vietnam - one of the basic factors to create vertical structure of the landscape; research of classification units, the classification criteria applied to the landscape map of Vietnam ratio of 1 /

1,000,000; at the same time, study characteristics functional structure, dynamics features of the tropical monsoonlandscape of Vietnam

Also, we need to mention the research of the author Nguyen Cao Huan

"Analysis of the functional structure of the tropical geography for the purpose of rational using and protection of the nature"; authors Truong Quang Hai, Thinh Nguyen, Nguyen Thi Thuy Hang “landscape assessment for the purpose of development of agriculture, forestry and tourism in karst areas in Ninh Binh Province ",

b Researchs of Landscape Classification System

Foremost to mention is the works of Vu Tu Lap (1976) which gave a classification system for geographic landscape of northern Vietnam with 8 levels

The landscape classification system of Pham Quang Anh developed in map scale of 1: 2,000,000 (1983) based on the classification system of Nhicolaiev, including 7 levels

The landscape classification system by Nguyen Thanh Long et al 10 levels

The classification system of the authors Pham Hoang Hai, Nguyen Thuong Hung, Nguyen Ngoc Khanh includes 7 levels

c Researchs on the landscape assessment

Since 1980 , studies about assessment of the landscape have developed The research of Vu Tu Lap (1982) "Methodology and research, evaluation methods of synthesis natural conditions and territorial planning" and especially the research of Nguyen Cao Huan (2005 ) "Assessing the landscape according to ecological economics approach," research of Pham Hoang Hai "Adaptive evaluation method for geographic subjects" (2004)

1.2.2 Research on rational use of natural resource sand sustainable development of agriculture

The notables includes the "Strategic Orientation for sustainable development in Vietnam” (21st Agenda of Vietnam) which was approved by the Prime Minister in 2004, a number of research projects for sustainable development of agriculture includes:Franck Jesus’ research "Sustainability of agricultural development in northern Vietnam," the study of Dang Van Phan

Vu Nhu Van, Le Trong Cuc, Ha Van Hanh, Hoang Duc Triem

1.2.3 Researches on the territory of Thai Nguyen

1.2.3.1 Researches on the components of the landscape

- In geology, topography - geomorphology and minerals:The works of authors Vu Tu Lap, Le Duc An, Vuong Dinh Khanh, studies of authors Tran Viet Khanh, Nguyen Thi May

- In climate: the works of Pham Ngoc Toan Phan Nguyen Tat Dac and

Nguyen Duc Ngu on climate in Vietnam in general and the work of the authors Nguyen Thi Hien, Mai Trong Thong also mentioned the area Thai Nguyen Province

- In Soils: in 2000, the Department of Natural Resources and

Environment has planned projects for Thai Nguyen province’s land using in

the period from 1999 to 2010, the People's Committee of Thai Nguyen; Government (2006), "Resolutions on the adjustment of planning the using of land in 2010 and plans to use the land for 5 years (2006-2010) in Thai Nguyen"

- In hydrological: There is work by Nguyen Lap Dan, Nguyen Thi

Thanh Bang in project EU, STD3 - CT94 - 0310 Recently, work by the Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Thai Nguyen province

- In biological: Since 1993, the Institute of Forest Inventory and

Planning Institute has built a List of Bac Thai plants, notably, in 2006 with

the study of Le Xuan Canh, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources

1.2.3.2 General geographic studies

Research in this direction includes the works of authors Mai Trong Thong, Nguyen Khanh Van and their colleagues They have established climate map

of Thai Nguyen province The studies by Nguyen Cam Van, Nguyen Thi Hong,

1.3 RATIONALE AND METHODS IN NATURAL STRUCTURAL SYNTHESIS STUDIES

1.3.1 Landscape structure

1.3.1.1 The spatial structure of the landscape

- Vertical structure of the landscape is made up of related traits and

relationship interactions between the constituent parts of the landscape

Regarding the role of the components constituting the landscape there are many different concepts According V.X Preobrajenxki, the components have equal roles in forming the landscape reflected in the level of conservatism and advance Because the components of the landscape have the same role in the process of forming the landscape so vertical structure of landscape is in singular form

Author Nguyen Ngoc Khanh (2010) has grouped the landscape components into three groups, including Inorganic material foundation (geology, topography), heat foundation (climate and hydrological), organic matter foundation (soil, biological) In addition, he also found an important role the human in the structure of landscape so he added one more component, which is the culture

Some authors suggest that the functional role of each component in the formation of landscapes is different, typical of this second group is N.I Xolntxev According to him lava foundation is the dominant factor of the landscape, while biological factor depends on all other components

According to Ixatrenko (1969) the division of constituents as nominant

or dependant is only relatively, only makes sense in a time rather than the historical development of the landscape

- Horizontal structure of the landscape: The components of the

landscape also demonstrate the systematical system called horizontal structure or hierarchy Horizontal structure shows the heterogeneity of the geographic, higher the level, more complex the structure

Researching horizontal structure of the landscape is very complex because it represents the intrinsic differentiation in relation to the overall composition of the landscape

1.3.1.2 Functional structure of the landscape

According to authors Vu Tu Lap (1976), Truong Quang Hai (2008), the landscape has two basic functions : natural function and socio-economic functions

The natural function is to receive the material flow, energy for the existence and development of the landscape Socio-economic functions is the ability to use the landscape for the purposes of socio-economic development

However, territorial systems are also composed of society subsystems, so

it is also affected by the laws of social development These elements form the mechanism motivation is critical to transform the modern landscape, which is the exploitation of human territory, balancing effect on the material, the energy

of the system between two modules natural - social

1.3.2 The relationship between natural conditions, natural resources and the natural structural synthesis

The relationship between natural conditions, natural resources with the components that make up the structure of natural synthesis (landscape architecture) shown in the similarities between them through the economic- social development activities Each lanscape unit contains the characteristics natural potential and correspondes with them is the exploitation of human beings This is also the basis for organizational management and exploitation

1.3.4 Sustainable development of agriculture and forestry

Development of agriculture and forestry is sustainable when it is ensured on all three areas of economic, social and environmental

1.3.5 Landscape assessment and evaluation for the rational use of

natural resources and sustainable development

There are many methods of assessment such as: Assessing ecological adaptation (assessment of advantages), environmental assessment, landscape

economic evaluation , ), which, in evaluating ecological adaptation location

is very important and commonly used in recent works

1.3.6 The views and research methods

1.3.6.1 Research viewpoints

When conducting the research, the author uses the following main points: synthesis view , system views, territory views , historical perspective, the view from sustainable development, ecological economics perspective

1.3.6.2 Research methodology

The author uses the following methods: Method of collecting and processing materials, systems analysis methods, methods of mapping and geographic information systems (GIS), assessment methods ecological adaptation, the field methods, methods of sociological investigation

Chapter 2 ANALYSIS THE DIVERSITY OF NATURAL SYNTHESIS

STRUCTURE OF THAI NGUYEN

2.1 CHARACTERISTICS OF FACTORS COULD CREATE SUMMARY OF NATURAL RESOURCES OF THAI NGUYEN

2.1.1 Features of natural conditions, natural resources of Thai Nguyen province

Thai Nguyen is a province in the Midlands and northern mountainous area is 3534.72 km2 (2012) On the map the structure of the whole territory, Thai Nguyen in northern folding domain, the junction is being transformed

Caledonit Hoa Nam folded in Mezozoi of North Vietnam

Greatest peculiarities of terrain Thai Nguyen domain is transition from mountain terrain to hilly and plains, mountains and hills but still

predominate The terrain is hilly in majority of Thai Nguyen, low mountains

which run north - south, lower from north to south

Important feature of the climate regime Thai Nguyen is the transition between the plains and mountains, this transition expressed primarily in heat mode Fluctuation in the day and night temperatures is greater than North Delta, an average difference of about 0.5 - 1 ° C In Thai Nguyen it’s quite cold in winter, frost is likely to occur, especially in the north, where the terrain and altitude terrain are advantageous for the formation of frost

Thai Nguyen has a network of rivers, quite thick, the average density from 0.9 to 1.2 km / km2 River systems in the province of Thai Nguyen mainly located in Cau River Basin, about 90% of the province The rest in the east of Rong River basin, which flows into the Thuong River System

Water flow in the river Thai Nguyen is average

Synthesis on ThaiNguyen soil map scale of 1: 100 000 of the Planning and Design Institute of Agriculture shows that the province's land is mostly hilly land (accounting for 85.8% of total natural area) Due to the dominance

of the terrain and climate, hills and mountains of the province weathered fast, strong and also very susceptible to degradation, leaching, erosion strongly once the ecological is imbalance

Thus was formed and developed in diverse natural conditions, along with long-term historical development of flora vegetation Thai Nguyen fertilizer rich and diverse However, due to phenomenon of deforestation and

forest fires the evergreen forest floor are very rare

The natural ingredients of Thai Nguyen has an important role in creating the landscape, which is inconsistent and incomplete The natural ingredients only exist in relative independence between them always close relationships, interactions and interdependencies, penetrate each other to form a unity

2.1.2 Characteristics of economic – social activities of Thai Nguyen province

Province population in 2012 was 1,150,230 people The average population density of the province is 325 people / km2 The rate of natural increase is 1.34% On the Thai Nguyen territory has 8 different ethnic groups live, in which Kinh accounted for approximately 75.5%, 10.7% Tay, Nung 5.1%, 2.1% Dao, San Diu 2.4% The structure shows that the ethnic diversity of customs, habits, lifestyles and experiences in agricultural production, but also the difference in the level of economic development, education and training

In 2012, employment in agriculture - forestry - fishery accounted for the highest proportion in the labor structure in Thai Nguyen (62.86) The labor in agriculture, forestry are abundant, however, labor in agriculture, forestry training has limited qualifications, this is also a great influence on the productivity of agriculture and forestry in Thai Nguyen

The recent period of economic Thai Nguyen province has made rapid development, gradually improves life for people That one side reflects the industrialization and modernization of the provincial economy, but on the other hand also shows that, although workers in agriculture, forestry and fisheries accounted for the highest density and potential large industries, yet

Thai Nguyen province has not yet fully exploit the advantages

2.2 VARIETY OF SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF NATURAL SYNTHESIS STRUCTURE OF THAI NGUYEN

2.2.1 Vertical natural synthesis structure of Thai Nguyen province

When studying the structure of the landscape stand Thai Nguyen province to analyze two issues: the role of the components in landscape architecture and landscape fragmentation vertically

2.2.1.1 The role of the structural components of vertical natural synthesis

of Thai Nguyen

The thesis analyzes the role of natural ingredients to create synthesis natural territory (landscapes), based on the opinion of A.G Ixatrenko and A.A Krauklis

a Geological, tectonic and topographic solid foundation of the formation and distribution of synthesis natural Thai Nguyen territory

- The role of geology, tectonics for the formation and distribution of synthesis natural territory

The process of geology, tectonics is the basis of the formation and development of terrain territory Each type of terrain morphology is characterized by a certain set of bedrock In particular, geological fault system has defined the direction of the terrain to Thai Nguyen province The lava background combined with topographical features, climate, biological have stipulated the formation and characteristics of different types of soil in the area

- The role of the topography for the formation and distribution of synthesis natural territory

Topography is the solid foundation of the landscape, the aggregate results of the impact of internal resources and external resources through a process of historical development of long, complex

Topography is one of the factors that make up the climate division of Thai Nguyen With its geographical location situated in the Midlands and Northern Mountains, Thai Nguyen influenced by the northeast monsoon, there is a cold winter in years However, due to the characteristics and differentiation terrain areas in Thai Nguyen province is characterized by different climate

Topography has an impact on the hydrological characteristics of Thai Nguyen influence the flows directly to the northwest - southeast of the rivers and the transporting material

Topography also affects soil characteristics, biological of Thai Nguyen through forest vegetation type and soil cover incurred Corresponding to altitudes greater than 700 m vegetation appeared some tropical species and below them is red loam soils characteristic yellow Below 700 m, soil and vegetation Thai Nguyen demonstrates the clear zonal soil is typical yellow-red soil and vegetation type monsoon rainforest

So, in association with geological features, tectonic terrain Thai Nguyen province is divided into the base layer, sub-class landscape

b The climate is part of the dynamics of the formation and distribution of synthesis natural territory

Climate is the first factors affecting the process of weathering soil formation, the distribution and hydrology, to the growth and development of the biological and create differentiation varied scenes in the territory

With its geographic location in northern climates, Thai Nguyen in the system landscape monsoon Differentiation of Paternity landscape due to monsoon circulation and distribution of topography creates differentiation heat, moisture Area is influenced strongly by the northeast monsoon, so Thai Nguyen systems in sub-tropical monsoon landscape with a cold winter and a part type landscape evergreen rainforest rainy season

The role of climate on the generation and distribution of landscape reflected in the impact directly or indirectly to all other natural components

in the system

c Hydrology is a key component in the exchange and transporting naturalsynthesis material inside the territory