Research objectives: To research, restore, clarify the process of building the Party of the Interzone III Party Committee from 1948 to 1954; summarize and draw experiences from the work of building the Party of the districtual Party committee in order to serve the work of building the Party and regulation today.
Trang 1Party development activities
of the Interzone III Party Committee from 1948 to 1954
Field of study: History of the Vietnam Communist Party Code : 62 22 03 15
SUMMARY OF THE PHD THESIS IN HISTORY
Trang 2Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics
Supervisor: 1. Assoc.Prof.Dr. Nguyen Manh Ha
2. Dr. Nguyen Binh
Reviewer 1:
Reviewer 2:
Reviewer 3:
The thesis will be defended in front of the Thesis Committee
at Academy level, at the Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics
Trang 3The thesis can be found at the National Library and the Library of Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics
Trang 41. The urgency of the topic
1.1. Scientifically
The reality of building the Party of the Interzone III Party Committee during the war against the French is very abundance, in which, there were creations of the Party committee of the military district on three aspects: building the Party politically, ideally and constitutively. So far, however, there has not been any research project that is comprehensive and systematic about this subject
1.2. Practically
Building the Party plays an important role, the competence and the combativeness of the Party depend on it. It is essential for the Party to research, summarize and applied the experiences during the local building of the Party in the history, in order to be powerful and to play the leader role
The research, summariation of the experiences about the Party building works of the Interzone III Party Committee from 1948 to 1954 can be applied for the Party development activities today
2. Aims and objectives of the thesis
2.1. Aims
To research, restore, clarify the process of building the Party of the Interzone III Party Committee from 1948 to 1954; summarize and draw experiences from the work of building the Party of the districtual Party committee in order to serve the work of building the Party and regulation today
2.2. Objectives
To collect, systematize the references about the building of the Party
of the Interzone III Party Committee from 1948 to 1954; to analyze, clarify the policy of the Party Central Committee and President Ho Chi Minh in
Trang 5general and the work of building the Party particularly; to recreate the leading and committing the work of building the Party process of the Interzone III Party Committee politically, ideally, constitutively; to highlight the achieved results, point out the mistakes and their causes; to conclude the experiences, which are theoretically and practically meaningful through the work of building the Party of the Interzone III Party Committee from 1948 to 1954.
3. Research object and scopes
3.1. Research object
The thesis researches the activity of Party development activities of the Interzone III Party Committee; the policy and the guidance of the Party committee and the achieved results
3.2. Research scopes
Content: The thesis researches the building of the Party policy of the
Party Central Committee and the committing work of Party building process of the Interzone III Party Committee politically, ideally, constitutively
Geographical scope:
From February 1948 to May 1952; on the localities of 11 provinces and cities: Hai Kien, Hai Duong, Hung Yen, Thai Binh, Nam Dinh, Ha Nam, Ha Đong, Son Tay, Ninh Binh, Hoa Binh & Ha Noi. (In December
1948, Hai Kien province splited into Hai Phong city and Kien An province. On May 11th, 1949, Hanoi was splited from the Third military district and became a Special Administrative Region, commanded directly by the Party Central Committee)
From May 1952 to July 1954, on 6 provinces and cities: Nam Dinh, Ha Nam, Ha Dong, Son Tay, Ninh Binh và Hoa Binh
Time period: From the time the Third military district was founded
(February 1948) to the time the Genève Treaty was signed, on July 1954
4. Rationale, sources of data and research methods
Trang 6The thesis was performed based on the manipulation of historical materialism and the dialectics of Marxism Leninism, Ho Chi Minh Thought and the opinions of the Party about the building of the Party
4.2. Sources of data
The thesis was researched based on the main and reliable references, which are stated in the Complete Collection of the Party’s documents or stored
in the Archive Department of the Party Central Office, Resource Chamber of the Party’s History Institute; monographs; books about the published local history of the Interzone III Party Committee
4.3 Research methods
The thesis uses the historical, logical, analytical, statistical, comparative method; criticize the historical references and the specific research method of the science of Party’s history
5. New contributions of the thesis
5.1. Material
Collect, assemble, expertise the data and documents, especially the original data about the work of the building of the Party of the Interzone III Party Committee from 1948 to 1954, including many new historical data.
5.2. Content
The results of the thesis help the readers aspect out the Third military district leading and committing the work of building the Party process from 1948 to 1954 and the meaning of building the Party to the career of leading resistance and founding nation of the milatary district’s Party committee; contribute to make the work of researching and teaching the history of Communist Party of Vietnam more abundant, more comprehensive and more profound; provide more
Trang 76. Structure of the thesis
Besides the introduction, conclusion, the author’s list of works published related to the thesis, list of references and appendices, the thesis includes 3 chapters, 6 sections
Trang 81. THE WORK RELATED TO THE CONTENT OF THE THESIS
Until now, the work of building the Party of the Interzone III Party Committee from 1948 to 1954 was mentioned in different levels, scopes, angles in the following historical projects:
1.1 The projects, joint research articles about history of the Communist Party of Vietnam and the work of building the Party
Some basic projects, articles such as: The history of the Communist
Party of Vietnam, draft, chapter I (1920 1954), National Political
Publishing House, Hanoi, 1981 (republished in 1984, Ho Chi Minh Institute, The Party’s history Institute, Chronicle history of Communist
Party of Vietnam, chapter III The Party leading the resistance and the
national Salvation (1945 1954), National Political Publishing House,
Hanoi, 2009 (republished in 2012); Experiences about building the
Binh, etc… In different levels, those projects, articles reflect some aspects related to the topic of the thesis
1.2. The general scientific research projects about the Third military district
Some representative projects such as: Third military region History
of resistance against French colonialism, People's Army Publishing
House, Hanoi 1998; The history of resistance against the French on the
Trang 9chairman by Professor Nguyen Quy etc… Those projects present some resistance, national salvation policies of the Third military district and the committees of some provinces and cities in the district; state some of the aspects about the work of building the Party of the Interzone III Party Committee.
All three groups of project above are important documents, which suggest the issues need to be solved by the thesis, and help the Phd student complete his/her thesis well as well.
1.3. The projects about the history of the Party committee and the history of departments, associations and unions of the provinces in the Third military district
The projects about the history of the Party committee of the provinces and cities in the Third military district such as: Party Executive
2. REVIEW THE RESULTS OF THE RESEARCH PROJECTS
Trang 10So far, there has not been any project researches the work of building the Party of the Interzone III Party Committee from 1948 to 1954 comprehensively, systematically In almost every stated project, the contents related to the theme of the thesis were only reflected seperately, scatteredly and illustratively during the general development of the resistance. The work of building the Party of the Third military district from 1948to 1954 has not been considered as an independent research subject How did the Interzone III Party Committee build the Party politically, ideally and constitutively? How are the achieved results, mistakes, the causes of those results and mistakes, the experiences drawn from the reality of the work of building the Party of the Interzone III Party Committee ? As long as these issues have not been clarified and explained thoroughly, evaluations, insights about the process of building the Party during the resistance war against French invaders will not yet be completed, insightful and comprehensive.
3. THE ISSUES WHICH THE THESIS FOCUSES SOLVING
Analyze the factors which impact to the work of building the Party
of the Interzone III Party Committee from February 1948 to July 1954
Present systematically the opinions, policies and guidance of the Party Central Committee and President Ho Chi Minh in general and the building of the Party of the Interzone III Party Committee from 1948 to
1954 particularly
Recreate the leading and committing the work of building the Party process of the Interzone III Party Committee in three aspects: politics, ideas, organization
Evaluate objectively the achievements and mistakes as well as the causes of the mistakes during the building of the Party of the Interzone III Party Committee
Trang 11 Summarize some experiences, which are practically meaningful from the history of the work of building the Party of Interzone III Party Committee from 1948 to 1954.
Trang 12RESISTANCE IN THE NEW PERIOD (2/1948 5/1952)
1.1. THE SITUATION OF PARTY BUILDING IN THE AREA OF THE THIRD MILITARY DISTRICT BEFORE FEBRUARY AND THE POLICY OF PARTY CENTRAL COMMITTEE AND PRESIDENT HO CHI MINH ABOUT THE BUILDING OF THE PARTY
1.1.1. The foundation of the Interzone III Party Committee
Within the framework of committing the resolution of uniting the Northern area of Central Committee of the Communist Party, January 20th,
1948 and the Decree 120 SL of President Ho Chi Minh, January 25th,
1948, in the beginning of February 1948, the Third military district was formed, based on the annexation of district II, district III and district XI. The locality of the Third military district included 11 provinces and cities: Hai Kien, Hai Duong, Hung Yen, Thai Binh, Nam Dinh, Ha Nam, Ha DĐong, Son Tay, Ninh Binh, Hoa Binh and Ha Noi.
Just right after the foundation of the Third military district, in order
to promptly lead, operate the troops and the people of the military district
to resist, the Party Central Committee assigned the Standing Interregional Committee including these comrades: Do Muoi, Dang Kim Giang, Nguyen Van Loc, Kien (or Nha), Vu Oanh, Di, Dang Tinh, Le Quang Dao, Tran Quang Binh, Van Tien Dung, Do Muoi, Vu Oanh, Dang Tinh, Nguyen Khai, comrade Nguyen Van Tran to be Interregional Commissioner Secretary and President of Resistance Administrative Committee of the military district, comrade Le Thanh Nghi to be the Vice President
When the provinces of the Red River’s right bank was occupied,
Trang 13to form the Red River’s right bank area. From that time until the end of the war, the Third military district included 6 provinces and cities at the left bank of Red River, including Ha Dong, Ha Nam, Nam Dinh, Ninh Binh, Son Tay and Hoa Binh
Within the framework of committing the guidance of the Party Central Committee, from May 20th to June 2nd, 1952, the Interregional Committee met the Third conference and issued the resolution about organizing and dividing the duties to the comrades who join the new Executive Board of the Interregional Committee The Interregional Committee included 15 comrades, comrade Le Thanh Nghi became the Secretary and the Commissar
1.1.2. Factors that impact the work of building the Party in the Third military district
1.1.2.1. Natural, economic and social conditions
Third military district a large fruitfulness with the area of about 16.000 km2, locates at the center of the Red River Delta; the natural, economic and social conditions are usually favorable but sometimes also hard and complicated. Not only is it the center of the Red River Delta, the Third military district is also the path to the North of Vietnam. The natural, economic and social conditions of the military district had regulated the special strategic position of the locality to our resistance and to the enemy’s war. Therefore, the Third military district was the number 1 occupation target of the French. The reality of intense, tough war had impacted to the thoughts and spirits of the staffs,
Trang 14partisans and people On the other hand, the natural, economic and social properties of the military district had strongly dominated the conceptions, ideas, lifestyles and characters of the staffs and partisans on the locality Besides the creative, independent, resilient, united, steadfast, longsuffering spirits, there was still the idea of small farmers with a lot of defects in characters (selfish), of awareness and educational levels The Third military district was where a lot of Christians and many ethnics lived in: Muong, Thai, Tay, Nung, Dao, Hoa, (in Ninh Binh, Hoa Binh and Son Tay).
In order to improve the advantages and overcome the bad effects to the ideas and characters of the staffs, partisans and unite the people in every religion and ethnic to resist, against the plot of pacifying the delta of the military district, the plot of taking advantages to divide the united unity
of the French, it requires the districtual Party committee to enhance the work of building the Party to make the districtual Party committee powerful, to meet the demand of leading the resistance in a strategic locality with many difficulties
1.1.2.2. The situation of building the Party on the locality of the Third military district before February 1948
From 1930 to the August Revolution in 1945, under the guidance of the Party Central Committee, of Northern Party Committee, the localities
on the military district concentrated on building the system of Party organization, developing the partisans, leading the people against the empire and the feudalism. In the same time, the localities had developed few partisans and building some of Party committee
Since after the August Revolution until before the foundation of the Third military district (February 1948), the ministry levels on the localities of the military district (that time were the district II, III and
Trang 15XI) continued building the Party in every aspect, with some achieved goals and a few mistakes In the same time, the system of Party organizations in every levels were being formed, the number of staffs, partisans and Party committee increased almost in every provinces and cities. In December 1947, the number of partisans in the district III was totally 9.256 comrades [190], and it was the area with the biggest number of partisans.
1.1.2.3. The policy of the Party Central Committee and President
Ho Chi Minh about building the Party
After losing in Viet Bac, the French decided to fight a longlasting war, pacify the populated and rich delta in order to riffle the man powers and estate powers to serve the invading war, use the total war to defeat the resistance of the Vietnamese
To meet the demand of resistance in the new situation, the Party Central Committee and President Ho Chi Minh promoted the work of building the Party, concentrated in developing the partisans, educated the opinions, paths, situations, duties and awareness of the partisans
1.2. THE WORK OF BULDING THE PARTY OF THE INTERZONE III PARTY COMMITTEE FROM FEBRUARY 1948 TO MAY 1952
1.2.1. Interzone III Party Committee determined the political duty, defeated the plot of pacification of the French
Facing the French’s plot of attacking and occupying the locality, based
on the situation of the military district and the policy of the Party Central Committee and of President Ho Chi Minh, the Party Committee of the military district had determined the political duty for the whole military district. The political duty of the military district was expressed through the conference of delegates of the military district in the beginning of 1948, the first conference of staffs of the military district (April 1948), the first
Trang 16conference of delegates of the military district (July 1948), the second conference of delegates (July 1949), the third conference of staffs of the military district (March 1951) with the basic points were: resist, commit the People’s war with the spirit of independence, self sufficient, longlasting and with the motto “resist and build the nation at the same time”. Every other duty was for the resisting duty. In the occupied zone, the typical duties were
to use variety of military operations, combined with the duty of resisting economically, politically, sabotage the villages which supported the French, against the conscription and forcing the people to move away in order to establish hamlets. In the rears, besides the typical duties were to produce foods, weapons, medicines, protect the rears, built the force; there were other frequent duties, they were to prepare and to be ready to fight
With the work of determining the political duty, from February 1948
to April 1952, the Party Committee had led the people and the troops in the localities to commit the suggested political duties. Until April 1952, many liberated area were expanded… The guerilla bases of the military district had been uninterrupted. Every effort to pacify the military district
of the enemy in 1951 was failed. Every military and civil operation from
1948 to April 1952 had contributed making the failure of the French’s plot
of pacifying the Red River Delta and the policy of Vietnamization, making the resistance changed to be the counter and offensive war
1.2.2. The Interzone III Party Committee prompted educating ideasThe content of educating the ideas of the Interzone III Party Committee was mainly to the class viewpoint, the faith to the guidance of the Party, the awareness of longlasted resistance, selfreliance, not being afraid of sacrifice; make the staffs and partisans realize friends and enemies, against the ideas of dependence, doubt, being afraid and compromise with the USA, overestimate the French, motivate the spirit